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Part
ⅠWriting(30 minutes)
Directions: For this
part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a
composition
on the topic: Aid?Education in
China. You should write at least 120 words
following the outline given in Chinese below:
1. 每年,高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。
2. 支教活动的意义。
3. 我的看法。
提示:在实考试卷中,该试题在答题卡1上。
Aid--Education in China
Part ⅡReading
Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
Directions:In this part,you will have 15
minutes to go over the passage quickly
and
answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For
questions 1-7,mark
Y(for YES)if the
statement agrees with the information given in the
passage;
N(for NO)if the statement
contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not
given in the passage.
For questions
8-10,complete the sentences with information given
in the passage.
Will We Run Out of
Water?
Picture a “ghost ship”
sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by
a receding
sea. Then imagine dust storms
sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical
fertilizers
from the dry seabed and spewing
them across towns and villages.
Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of
the world? For people living
near the Aral sea
(咸海) in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty
years ago,
government planners diverted the
rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate
(provide water for ) farmland. As a result,
the sea has shrunk to half its original size,
stranding (使搁浅) ships on dry land. The
seawater has tripled in salt content and
become polluted, killing all 24 native species
of fish.
Similar large--scale
efforts to redirect water in other parts of the
world have also
ended in ecological crisis,
according to numerous environmental groups. But
many
countries continue to build massive dams
and irrigation systems, even though such
projects can create more problems than they
fix. Why? People in many parts of the
world
are desperate for water, and more people will need
more water in the next
century.
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“Growing
populations will worsen problems with water,” says
Peter ,
an environmental scientist at the
Pacific Institute for studies in Development,
Environment, and Security, a research
organization in California. He fears that by the
year 2025, as many as one--third of the
world’s projected (预测的) 8.3 billion people
will suffer from water shortages.
WHERE WATER GOES
Only 2.5 percent of
all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable
for drinking
and growing food, says Sandra
Postel, director of the Global Water Policy
Project in
Amherst, Mass. Two--thirds of this
freshwater is locked in glaciers (冰山) and ice
caps (冰盖). In fact, only a tiny percentage of
freshwater is part of the water cycle,
in
which water evaporates and rises into the
atmosphere, then condenses and falls
back to
Earth as precipitation (rain or snow).
Some precipitation runs off land to lakes
and oceans, and some becomes
groundwater,
water that seeps into the earth. Much of this
renewable freshwater ends
up in remote places
like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few
people live. In
fact, the world’s population
has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of
freshwater
—about the amount of water in Lake
Superior(苏必利尔湖). And people use half of
this
amount already. “If water demand continues to
climb rapidly,” says Postel,
“there will be
severe shortages and damage to the aquatic (水的)
environment.”
CLOSE TO HOME
Water woes(灾难) may seem remote to
people living in rich countries like the
United States. But Americans could face
serious water shortages, too especially in
areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater
accumulates in aquifers (地下蓄水层),
layers of sand
and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For
every liter of surface
water, more than 90
liters are hidden underground.) Although the
United States has
large aquifers, farmers,
ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for
water faster
than nature can replenish(补充) it.
In northwest Texas, for example, overpumping has
shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent,
according to Postel.
Americans
may face even more urgent problems from pollution.
Drinking water
in the United States is
generally safe and meets high standards.
Nevertheless, one in
five Americans every day
unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with
bacteria
and chemical wastes, according to the
Environmental Protection Agency. In
Milwaukee,
400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap
water tainted with
cryptosporidium (隐孢子虫),a
microbe (微生物) that causes fever, diarrhea (腹泻)
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and
vomiting.
THE SOURCE
Where so contaminants come from? In
developing countries, people dump raw
(未经处理的)
sewage(污水) into the same streams and rivers from
which they draw
water for drinking and
cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick
from water
borne (饮水传染的) diseases.
In developed countries, manufacturers use
100,000 chemical compounds to make
a wide
range of chemicals pollute water when released
untreated into
rivers and lakes. (Certain
compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls
(多氯化联二
苯),or PCBs, have been banned in the
United States.)
But almost
everyone contributes to water pollution. People
often pour household
cleaners, car antifreeze,
and paint thinners (稀释剂) down the drain; all of
these
contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists
studying water in the San Francisco Bay
reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the
pollutants could be traced to household waste.
Farmers have been criticized for
overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals
that kill weeds and insects but insects but
that pollute water as well. Farmers also use
nitrates, nitrogen--rich fertilizer that helps
plants grow but that can wreak havoc (大破
坏) on
the environment. Nitrates are swept away by
surface runoff to lakes and seas.
Too many
nitrates “over?enrich” these bodies of water,
encouraging the buildup
of algae, or
microscopic plants that live on the surface of the
water. Algae deprive the
water of oxygen that
fish need to survive, at times choking off life in
an entire body of
water.
WHAT’S THE SOLUTION?
Water
expert Gleick advocates conservation and local
solutions to water--related
problems;
governments, for instance, would be better off
building small--scale dams
rather than huge
and disruptive projects like the one that ruined
the Aral Sea.
“More than 1 billion
people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean
drinking
water,” says Gleick. “There has to be
a strong push on the part of everyone—
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governments and ordinary
people—to make sure we have a resource so
fundamental
to life.”
提示:在实考试卷中,8-10题在答题卡1上。
1. That the huge
water projects have diverted the rivers causes the
Aral Sea to
shrink.
2. The construction
of massive dams and irrigation projects does more
good than
harm.
3. The chief causes of
water shortage are population growth and water
pollution.
4. The problems Americans face
concerning water are ground water shrinkage
and tap water pollution.
5. According to
the passage all water pollutants come from
household waste.
6. The people living in the
United States will not be faced with water
shortages.
7. Water expert Gleick has come
up with the best solution to water—related
problems.
8. According to Peter H.
Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the
world’s people will suffer from water
shortages.
9. Two?thirds of the freshwater
on Earth is locked in .
10.
In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are
released into rivers and
lakes, they should be
treated in order to avoid .
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section,
you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long
the end of each conversation,one or more
questions will be asked
about what was the
conversation and the questions will be spoken only
each question there will be a pause. During
the pause, you must read the
four choices
marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the
best answer. Then mark
the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre.
11. A) Talk to his
sister.
B) Look at a map.
C) Go
on a diet.
D) Tell the man why.
12. A) Do whatever has been planned.
B) Have a picnic and go camping.
C)
Eat out and see a play.
D) Go
to the beach.
13. A) The weather was
better.
B) The weather was a little
bit warmer.
C) The weather was a little bit
colder.
D) The weather was cooler than
expected.
14. A) Mr. Steward is honest.
B) Mr. Steward looks honest.
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C) Mr. Steward looks
dishonest.
D) Mr. Steward is dishonest.
15. A) He did quite well with it.
B) He has money problem now.
C) He is in
need of qualified staff.
D) He could not
carry it on any more.
16. A) $2.00. B)
$6.00. C) $4.00. D) $5.00.
17. A) They
will spend the summer in Italy.
B) They
are both from Europe.
C) They are both
students.
D) They are both interested in
art.
18. A) Not getting what she wants.
B) A custom that is new to her.
C)
Calling up customers.
D) Some of
her good friends.
Question 19 to 22 are
based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) A more economical diesel fuel.
B) Characteristics of a new type of fuel.
C)
Where a new energy source is located.
D) How
to develop alternative energy sources.
20.
A) He’s studying for a test.
B) He lost his
notes.
C) He missed the class.
D) He’s
doing research on alternative.
21. A) It
will reduce the amount of pollutants in the air.
B) It will increase the amount of unpleasant
odors from vehicles.
C) It will eventually
destroy the ozone layer.
D) It will reduce
the cost of running large vehicles.
22. A)
To help him explain the information to his
roommate.
B) To help him write a paper.
C) To prepare for a test.
D) To tell her if
the notes are accurate.
Question 23 to 25
are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. A) The woman has passed her final
exams.
B) The woman wants to know how to
write term papers.
C) The woman is going
to visit Gettysburg.
D) The man introduces
his experiences in Gettysburg.
24. A)
Because her parents like traveling.
B)
Because her parents like history.
C)
Because traveling in such places costs less.
D) Because her parents want to reinforce the
stuff they learned in school about
history.
25. A) It is far away from the city she
lives in.
B) It is a place where many great
people were born.
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C) It has a certain
political influences in the United States right
after the battle
at Gettysburg.
D) It
is worth reading history about Gettysburg.
Section B
Directions:In this
section,you will hear 3 short the end of each
passage,you will hear some the passage and
the questions will be
spoken only you hear a
question,you must choose the best answer from the
four choices marked A),B),C) and D) .Then mark
the corresponding letter on Answer
sheet 2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on
the passage you have just heard.
26. A) A
plate. B) A pear. C) A ball. D)
An egg.
27. A) How most mathematicians
work.
B) Accidental discovery about the
earth’s shape.
C) How to track an orbit.
D) How astronauts use computers to measure
the size of satellite.
28. A) To prove the
earth was round.
B) To gather information
for planning space flights.
C) Because all
spacecraft had to carry computers.
D)
Because it can measure the size of the satellite.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are
based on the passage you have just heard.
29. A) About 30,000.
B) Around 300,000.
C) Over 300,000.
D) More than
330,000.
30. A) He had promised to do so.
B) He had this kind of training before.
C) He didn’t want to make the crowd
disappointed.
D) He needed the great amount
of money.
31. A) Three times.
B)
Four times.
C) Six times.
D) Seven
times.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to
35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. A) One in a billion digits.
B)
Zero.
C) One mistake per two hundred
digits.
D) One in a million digits.
33. A) It is the nerve cells of a computer.
B) It is the brain of a computer.
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C)
It is the eye of a computer.
D) It is the
heart of a computer.
34. A) One second.
B) Two years.
C) One minute.
D) A day.
35. A) Human beings make fewer
errors.
B) Human beings do not have to be
programmed.
C) Human beings work more
quickly.
D) Human beings have to be
programmed.
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