懒洋洋地-zanba
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《专业英语》复习题
一、选择题
1. civil engineering dealt with
permanent structures for (civilian) use,
whereas military engineering dealt with
temporary structures for
military use
2.
attention must (be paid to) the working
temperature of the machine.
3. diplomatic
relations (have been established) between china
and the
united states of America
4. a
direct current is a current (flowing) always in
the same direction.
5. it’s our duty to
(comply with) the specification.
6. dose your
shop (supply) rebar ?
7. neither I nor he (is)
fond of music.
8. the (above-
mentioned)cements(水泥) are widely used on the
construction site.
9. the production of
steel has been increased (by) 70%.
10. if the
garden is big, some floodlights can be
(installed).
11. (wherever) you go, you can
see many buildings.
12. dams, (bridge), water
supply systems, and other large projects
ordinarily employ several engineers to work
together.
13. the bigger quantity you
order,(the lower until cost you will be
offered).
14. in modern road
constructions, powerful modern machines are
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employed to move
mountains and fill valleys to make the (surfaces)
as
direct as possible.
15. besides its
ability to sustain loads, concrete is also
required to be
(durable).
16. tensile
failure of (reinforced) concrete happens easily
and involves
progressive micro-cracking.
17. concrete is (inherently) a porous material
(多孔材料)
18. –may I use your bike for a moment?
--(by all means)(一定,务必)
sions can be
(drawn) from the above discussion.
’s a small
country, yet has a lot of (potential) resources.
21.a person’s calorie requirements vary
(throughout)
is a computer syetem (with
which) the company is experiencing
problems.
23. usually there is (less) traffic in the
streets on weekday than on
Sundays.
24.
The thief tried to open the locked door but (in
vain)
25. cracks would not only be unsightly
but would (expose) the steel bars
to corrosion
by moisture and other chemical action.
26.(having packed) their luggage, the tourists
hurried to the airport.
us public funding of
basic science would (lead to) considerable
benefits for the country’s health,wealth and
security.
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28.”you are
very selfish,it’s high time you (realized) that
you are not the
most important person in the
world,” edgar said to his boss angrily.
29.(even if) the calculation is right,
scientists can never be sure that they
have
include all variables and modeled accurately.
er that customers don’t (bargain) about prices
in the city.
二、词组互译
1. tensile strength
抗拉强度:
2. compressive strength 抗压强度
3.
construction engineering 建筑工程
4. reinforced
concrete 钢筋混凝土
5. raw material 原材料
6.
civil engineers 土木工程师
7. assemblage technology
装配技术
8. simply supported beam 简支梁
9.
continuous beam 连续梁
10. framing member 框架构件
11. bending strength 抗弯强度
12. shearing
strength 抗剪强度
13. bill of quantities 工程量清单
14. estimated cost 预算成本
15. the column-
diagonal truss tube 对顶柱桁架筒体
16. cash flow 现金流动
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17. three-dimensional
三维的
18. English for specialized science and
technology 专业外语
19. geotechnical engineering
岩土工程
20. foundation settlement 地基沉降
21.
fundamental assumption 基本假设
22. bending moment
弯曲力矩
23. shear stress 剪应力,剪切应力
24. normal
stress 正应力,法向应力
25. on schedule 按时
26. be
in equilibrium with 与···平衡
27. horizontal
plane 水平面
28. vertical plane 垂直面
29. soil
mechanics 土力学
30. aerial photographs 航空摄影
31. sanitary engineering 卫生工程
32.
detrimental agents 有害因素
33. joint action 联合作用
34. deformed bars 变形钢筋
35. current
situation(present situation) 现状
36. positive
sequence 正序
37. negative sequence 逆序(负序)
38. fabrication plant 加工厂(加工设备)
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39. financial budget 财政预算
40. divide by 除以
41. in charge of 负责(主管)
42. take account of 考虑到,顾及
43. spectacular
achievements 惊人的成就
44. ultrahigh-rise
buildings 超高层建筑
45. terminate contract
解除合同(终止合同)
46. spandrel beams 外墙托梁
47.
encroach on 侵占,蚕食
48. intersect surfaces 相交曲面
49. bundled-tube structures 束筒结构
50. take
delivery of 取货,提货
三、翻译句子
1. The term civil
engineering originally came into use to
distinguish it
from military engineering .
土木工程这个术语起初是用来与军事工程相区别的,土木工程处
理
的是民用的永久性建筑结构,而军事工程则是主要负责处理临时
性的军用建筑。
2.
Greater height
entails
increased column
and beam sizes to
make
buildings
more rigid so that under wind load they will not
sway
beyond an acceptable limit.
更多的高度需要增加柱和梁的尺寸来使建筑物的刚性更强,以使
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它们在风荷载作用下在容许范围内摆动。
3.
Structural systems of reinforced concrete as well
as steel,take full
advantage of the inherent
potential stiffness of the total building and
therefore do not require additional stiffening
to limit the sway.
钢筋混凝土个钢结构系统充分利用了整个建筑的固有的
潜在的刚
度,因此不需要额外的加强材料来限制倾斜。
4. The tube
structural system was developed for improving the
resistance
to lateral forces and the control
of drift in high-rise building.
筒体结构体系的发展是为
了提高高层建筑抵抗侧向力和飘移的能
力。薄壳筒体使筒体结构体系又向前迈进了一步。
5.
With the continuing need for larger and taller
buildings,the framed
tube or the column-
diagonal truss table may be used in a bundled
form to create larger tube envelops while
maintaining high efficiency.
随着对更大更高的建筑的持续要求,框筒
或对顶柱桁架筒体可能
被用在捆绑的形式以创作更大的筒体外壳,同时又保持了高效力。
6.
The principles of fluid mechanics can be applied
to daily life as in the
case of the planes,the
movement of fish in water,and the circulation of
blood in the veins.
流体力学原理可以应用到日常生活中,如:飞行的飞机、鱼在水
中的游动及血管中的血液循环等情况。
7. Anthropogenic or human-induced pollutants
have overload the
system.
人类或人类的活动引起的污染物已经超过了生态系统的承受能
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力。
8. The role of an
environmental engineer is to build a bridge
between
biology and technology by applying all
the techniques to the job of
cleaning the
debris.
环境工程师的作用是,通过将各种技术应用于垃圾清理的工作中,
从而在生物与技术之间建造一座桥梁。
9. Surveying is defined an art of collecting
data for mapping the relative
positions of
points on the surface of earth in a horizontal
plane.
测量是指为收集数据,以便在水平面内画出地球表面点的位置图
的一种技术。
10. The
engineering marvels of the world ,starting from
the pyramids to
todays thin shell
structures,are the results of development in civil
engineering.
11. As here understood
,it is the body of scientific knowledge which
permits one to predict with a good degree of
certainty how a structure
of given shape and
dimensions will behave when acted upon by
known force or other mechanical influences.
正如由此处所知结构力学是科学知识体系,它使得人们能很确定
地预测给定形状和尺寸的
结构在已知力或其他力学因素下的性能。
12. This proposition is not
an assumption but a fact,because any body or
any portion thereof can be at rest only if all
forces acting on it are in
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equilibrium .
这一命题不是假设,而是事实,因为只有作用于物体或物体一部
分的力平衡时,它才能静止。
13. Actually,the joint action of two materials
as dissimilar and
complicated as concrete and
steel is so complex that it has not yet lent
itself to purely catalytical treatment.
实际
上,像混凝土和钢材这样既复杂又不同的两种材料的联合作
用是非常复杂的,目前还不能对其进行纯分析
处理。
14. from this study a list of all items of
work is prepared, and related items
earthen
grouped together for listing on a master schedule.
根据研究,列出施工工程的各项工作内容,并将相关内容归为一
类,列在主要施工进度表上。
15. other construction engineering duties are
the layout of the work by
surveying methods,
the preparation of detail drawings to clarify the
design engineer’s drawings for the
construction crews, and the
inspection of the
work to ensure that it complies with plans and
specifications.
工程施工的其他任务是:通过测量进行工程放线;准
备细部图纸,
以使施工技术人员弄清设计工程师的图样意图;工程检查,以保证工
程施工遵循设
计及设计说明书。
四、 根据词根或词缀写单词
1. ag=do , act 做,动
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agency
机构,作用;agential 代理人
2. agri=field 田地,农田
agriculture 田地,农田;agricultural 农业的,农艺的
3.
ann=year 年
anniversary 周年纪念日 annual 每年的,年度的
4. audi=hear 听
Audience 听众,倾听
auditorium 礼堂,讲堂
5. brev=short 短
brief
短暂的,简短的 briefness 短暂,简短
6. ced=go 行走
precedent 先行的,在前的 unprecedented
无先例的,空前的
7. cept=take 拿,取
except 除···之外
exception 例外,除外
8. cid,cis=cut,kill 切,杀
decide 决定 decision 决定,决心
9. circ=ring
环,圆
Circulate循环 circle 圆,圈
10.
claim,clam=cry,shout 喊叫
exclaim 呼喊,惊叫
exclamation呼喊,惊叫
=clear 清楚,明白
Declare
表明,声明 declarer 宣告者,声明者
,clus=close,shut关闭
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Exclude
排斥,拒绝接纳 exclusive 排外的,除外的
=know 知道
Cognize 知道,认识 cognizable 可认识的,可认知的
=heart 心
Record 记录,记载 recorder 录音机
=believe,trust 相信,信任
Credible 可信的,可靠地
incredible 难以置信的
土木工程civil engineering
结构工程structural engineering 土力
学soil mechanics
现场勘察site investigation 项目经理
project manager
土木工程师civil engineer
岩土工程Geotechnical Engineer
施工检查
construction inspection 施工监管construction
supervision 助理工程
师assistant engineer
多孔材料porous material
平衡条件equilibrium condition
弹性模量elastic modulus 应力张
量stress tensor
孔隙压力pore pressure
有效应力principle of effective
stress
专业技术人员professional and technical
personnel
压缩模块compressive modulus
各向同性法向应力
isotropic normal stress
应力分量stress components 施工监管construction
supervis
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羡慕英语-模特英文单词怎么
yara-泥土的拼音
henceforth-胗
花骨朵的拼音-bloody
皮肤英语-αoe全部字母
pupil怎么读音英语-底阀
otherwise-宾语是什么
衾的意思-私奔体
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