ging-蛇山
1.元音:
1) [i:] ee ea e ie, ei
three tree green sheep meet beef seek
tea
leave lead team mean speak clean
he she me
Chinese
piece believe︱receive ceiling receipt
leisure
2) [i] i y e a
sit picture
list mix fix fit pig build miss
myth many
twenty happy dictionary
defect decide
delicious
orange comrade village
3) [? ]
a
hand ant happy map mad glad flag shall
4) [e] ea e a *aiei
head bread pleasure
*saidleisure
elephant electric remember sell
hotel
many any
5) [?:] ir ur ear ur
or
girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday
burger
learn earn earth heard
term
her nerd serve
*work worm word world
6)
[?] (弱音) er or ou ure ar o a
e u
元音字母及发元音的所有组合在非重读音
节中基本上都读[?] 或(少数)[i]
leader speaker farmer powder power
doctor
actor mayor author
delicious generous
various jealous
pleasure measure leisure
culture
familiar collar dollar liar
together lesson control polite
account ago
banana Canada Japan China
spidermen listen
glisten elephant
calculus suspect maximum
7) [a:] ar a al *heartclerksergeant
car
farm card arm garden
last plant︱calm half
8) [?] u o ou oo
up supper lunch fun
gun hunt cup bus
come mother does brother love
above
trouble rough flourish
blood flood
9) [?:] al or oor au our ou ar
small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
short lord horse forty sport more store
sore
︱door floor
sauce author caught autumn
haunt
four mourn court︱bought fought
*warmth wardrobe quarter
10) [?] [?] o
a
hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar
want wash what squander
11) [u:] oo o u
groom broom doom goose tooth balloon
shoe
do two
true truth blue full
1
12) [u] oo ou u o
look good
foot book
should could
put full bull
pull push
women whose
13) [ei] a ay
ai ey ea
name cake late gate plane April
play say may way︱rain paint plain
they
grey︱great break
14) [ai] i y
bike fine
find die nine light night high
my try fly eye
15) [au] ou ow
house ground account
count loud around
flower down now cow how town
16) [?u] o ow oa
home cold go no phone
host ghost
know low below grow blow show flow
3.辅音
1) [p] pear pour pull push
2) [b]
boot bread break
boat coat goal
17) [?i]
oy oi
boy toy joy oyster soybean
oil
soil voice choice noise
18) [i?] eer ea ear
ea ear er ier
beer deer ear idea near here
fierce
19) [e?] ear air are ere
bear
pear pair chair air fair
care scare square
prepare
there where
20) [u?] our oor
*ure
tour poor *sure
2.容易混淆的元音
[?] [e]
bad bed hand head man men land lend pan
pen sad said
[i:] [i]
it eat hit heat
sit seat bit beat feet fit
3) [t] ton town
twenty city
4) [d] dull dose dictionary
5)
* [k] king kite look cook kitchen sky (字母 )
card cat cream correct climb come account
accept (字母 )
fox box oxygen x-ray exercise
(字母 )
school schedule headache chemistry
psychology (字母组合 )
cheque queue picturesque
antique (字母组合 )
6) * [g] girl good goal
goat grade long language (字母 )
dialogue
guest vogue guilty guide safeguard (字母组合 )
7) * [m] man make moon morning move come (字母m)
comb climb autumn column(ist) (字母组合 和 )
2
8) [n] pen ten nine fine
9)
[?] uncle bank English think thank junk
sing
king morning evening (字母组合 )
10) [l] long
land lend lord flag black
world cold could
goal soul able
11) [r] read red right run room
write wrist wrinkle wrong (字母组合 )
12)
[f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life
wife
cough laugh rough tough physic photo
phone (字母组合 和 )
13) [v] very even every
voice vest
14) [s] six sit student same seat
kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)
license city
cease ceiling celebrate piece juice science ace
(发音字母c)
15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap close
nose hose suppose pause those whose
16) [θ]
think thank three thirty tooth mouth through worth
17) [?] that this those these though worthy
18) [?] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush
wash *sure
nation attention station social
special (字母组合 和 )
19) [??] pleasure
measure leisure closure (字母组合 )
20) [h] hot
hop home house horse how
who whole whore (字母组合
)
21) [w] window wind wood
when what
where whisper (字母组合 )
22) [j] yes year yell
you your yolk yellow
23) [t?] child chicken
couch chair lunch ouch catch teach
24) [d?]
age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge
joy enjoy join July June junk joke
education during (字母 )
25) [tr] tree
country try treat track trunk
26) [dr] dry
dream drop drive drink
27) [ts] students boots
boats goats nuts
3
28) [dz] goods
woods friends
4.容易混淆的辅音 [v]
[w] vest west vet wet vine wine
[s] [θ] sink
think mass math sort sought [z] [?] close
cloth breeze breathe
5.字母及字母组合发音规律
元音字母及发元音的所有组合在非重读音节中基本上都读[?] 或(少数)[i]
1)
a
[ei] [?] [a:] [?] [?] [i]
private bake grape nation station page
active bank fan parent family glad flag
fast dance class past father (美音不同)
wash
what watch want
accept formative machine
cinema
orange village cabbage comrade
2)
e
[i:] [e] [i] [?] 不发音
appreciate extremely secret she me he
letter left message generate pebble
decide pretty previous result restore
problem prosperous student confident
active table late wife store lecture
3)
i
[ai] [i] [i] [?]
high price
library ice wife size line
fist picky
city︱piano fiancé unit
holiday beautiful
4)
o
[?u] [u:] [?] [?] [?] [?u]
host cold note okay old home
lose do who
whose prove improve
love some other mother
honey company
lost hot mock office soft
honest
today tomorrow control collect
photo zero also
5)
u
[ju:]
[u] [?] [?] [i]
university refuse unique
universe huge
put push pull full bull July
but brush bucket duck bubble
support
suggest *business busy
6)
c
[k]
[s]
c在aou及辅音前: camp cable camera
country
courage culture credit claw
c在eiy前: ceiling
celebrate cell cease
city cigar privacy cycle
7)
g
[g] [d?] [?]
g在aou,
ir,辅音前,或置于词尾:
girl grade gorgeous garbage
flag frugal
g在eiy前: village vegetable bridge
gentleman gym germ
long song sing morning
evening
8)
l
[l] 读音不同
4
listen learn language collect gorilla
world cold soil tall sell cool animal
9)
n
[n] (在[g][k]音前或ng组合中[?] )
moon night noodle number
uncle hungry
angry young thank
* singer finger
10)
r
[r] (元音与[r]音的组合,美语)
right read
write grade progress
card board door floor
form north perfect
11)
y
[j] [i]
[ai]
yellow year yell young yolk
university country pretty happy
dye dying
fly buy by my dryer
12)
h
[h]
不发音
Grasshopper hockey︱hour honest
13)
x
[gz] [ks]
executive exist
exactly exaggerate 重
execute textbook exercise
explain oxygen
carbon dioxide
*anxious
anxiety (tension) controversial
ex中的x发[ks]时,(次
)重音在ex上,
ex发[eks],不在其上,则发[iks]。
exercise
expectation excellent
except expect excel
explain exclude
元音字母与r的组合:
1)
ar
[a:] [?] [?:]
farm card
garden mark
dollar collar popular
warm
warn quarter
(worm word worse worker worth
world
*sword worn) 在[w]音后的or, ar
2)
er
[?:] [?] [i?] *[a:]
deserve
serve fierce person
teacher driver anger
singer
serious experience mysterious
*sergeant clerk
3)
ir
[?:] [ai]
shirt girl skirt
admire desire
4) or
[?:] [?:] [?]
short form corn born for
*work world worm word worst worthy
tractor
doctor actor senior senator
5)
ur
[?:] [?]
Thursday hurt turtle surf
︱sulfur
6)
air
repair
7)
are
[ε?]
Scare square dare prepare
welfare
8)
ire
[ai?]
hire fire
require wire retire inspire
9)
ore
[?:]
shore ignore snore sore sophomore
10)
oar
[?:]
board oar roar soar coarse
5
11)
ure
[ju?] [?]
*[u?] sure
mature lure secure︱nature sculpture
12)
ear
[?:] [i?] [ε?]
learn
earth earn heard
hear near clear ear fear
bear pear tear wear *heart
13)
oor
[?:] [u?]
door floor
moor
poor boor
14)
our
[au?] [?:] [u?]
[?:] [?]
hour sour flour
pour four court
mourn course
tour bourn︱journey journal
neighbour
15)
eer
peer engineer
pioneer beer career
16)
ere
[i?]
[ε?]
interfere mere severe atmosphere sincere
there where
元音字母与w, u的组合:
1)
aw au
[?:]
law claw drawer flawless
yawn
laundry autumn (be)cause pause applaud
sauce audience *laugh aunt
2)
ew
[u:]
[ju]
flew threw screw
chew shrewd
review preview new ewe dew Jewish
eu
[ju] *[u:]
neutral pneumonia
neutron Europe *Freud
3)
ow
[?u] [au]
window meadow know show swallow
now town how down cow
ou
[au] [?]
[u:] [?u] [?] [?:]
Count house lousy south
pound
tough rough enough country young double
touch cousin courage nourish
group soup
you︱though soul shoulder
delicious conscious
prosperous serious
*bought thought sought
*should could would
4)
ui
[u:] [ui] [i]
fruit recruit juice suit
suicide tuition intuition fluid
biscuit
circuit *suite
元音字母内部组合:{
ee
就发[i(:)]}
1)
eo
[i:] [i
?
u] [i
?
] [e]
people video neon Neolithic leopard
jeopardize
2)
ie
[i:] [ai?]
词尾tie die pie lie
piece niece thief relieve
grief chief brief
field believe grieve hygiene
diet client anxiety society *friend
3)
aiay
[ei] [i]
straight maintain
contain hail afraid
sustainable raise praise
curtain captain mountain
6
lay
pay stay portray portrait *Sunday
4)
eiey
[ei] [i:] [ai]
foreign eight
weigh neighbour veil
obey they grey
receive receipt perceive either
(mon)key
money *height (weight)
5)
oioy
noise toilet spoil toy 弱tortoise
6)
oo
[u:] [u] [?]
room tool cool moon noon
goof food
good foot stood wood wool cook book
blood flood
7)
oa
[
?
u] [?:] goat upload soap *broad
8)
ea
[i:] [e] [ei] [i?]
cease season breathe feature please
bread
breast breath meadow weather
great break
*leadread 同词异音
idea realize *create 弱sergeant
特殊组合:
1)
al
[?] [?:l] [a:]
ball talk wall mall small
always also salt
almost already
half calm
2)
se
[z] [s] (sum the rule)
nose
suppose goose lose pose husband
mouse house
3)
th
[θ] [?]
thank
think thought cloth method
clothes that this
then than
3)
ck
[k]
lock
knock cocktail pocket rocket jacket
bucket
ticket
4)
kn
[n]
knee kneel
knock knowledge knife
5)
sh, tr, dr,
dge, ph
[f]
share industry trunk hair-
dryer fridge
pharmacist phase biography
elephant
6)
ch
[t?] [k] [?]
chick peach bleach chat
school schedule
stomachache chemistry
machine chef Chicago
7)
gu-, -gue
[g] [gw] 不发音
guest Ivy league dialogue monologue
language linguistic anguish *tongue
8)
gh
[f] 不发音
cough enough tough
rough
light daughter height weight
9)
qu
[k] [kw]
clinique queue
picturesque antique
7
quarrel quiet
quite quarrel squander
10)
ti,
ci
在弱读元音a, e, o前 [?]
patient negotiate
specification
species special insufficient
facial
social(sociology) associate
(association)
11)
sion
[??n]
[??n]
extension tension progression passion
confusion supervision conclusion
television occasion decision
12)
tion
[??n] [t??n](不常见)
station
nation translation attention
question
suggestion digestion
13)
ture
[t??] literature culture
音素:
音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.
音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.
14)
–sten -wr -stle -tch -wh
-mb -mn
-bu
listen fasten
wrap write wrinkle
wrestle castle
kitchen ditch watch
what
whistle who whole whore
climb lamb tomb comb
bomb
autumn column solemn
buy build
*answer two
15)
–sc
[s] [sk]
(find out the rule)
muscle science
(sub)conscious scissors
scenery scythe
scare score scold sculpture telescope
microscope screen scar scarf screen
*sorry worry hurry
元音:
发音响亮,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分。英语中有20
个元音。
辅音:
发音不响亮,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有
28个辅音。
(清辅音?浊辅音?)
开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake
name bike make take home plane
shine.
2)辅音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello
闭音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad
map head
2)元音+辅音 it is of in on up out ant <
br>重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元音时,重读元音字母often按+re的音节拼读,
字母r分
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inspiring story during(endure)
8
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