初中英语国际音标表语音知识以及针对性练习

英语音标发音表
英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音 素28个。对于初学者
来说，若采用集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。确实不易。笔者对< br>音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。
国际音标（英语语音）
前元音
单元音
元音
中元音
后元音
开合双元音
双元音
集中双元音
清辅音
爆破音
浊辅音
清辅音
摩擦音
浊辅音
辅音
破擦音
浊辅音
鼻音
舌则音
半元音









[i:]
[?]
[u:]
[ei]
[i?]
[p]
[b]
[f]
[v]
[t?]
[d?]
[m]
[l]
[w]
[i]
[?:]
[u]
[ai]
[ε?]
[t]
[d]
[s]
[z]
[tr]
[dr]
[n]
[r]
[j]
[e]
[?]
[?:]
[?i]
[u?]
[k]
[g]
[?]
[?]
[ts]
[dz]
[?]


[?]

[?]
[?u]



[θ]
[?]







[a:]
[au]



[h]






清辅音
（浊辅音）
（浊辅音）
（浊辅音）

英语国际标准音标练习
前 元 音(4
个)
单元
后 元 音(5
音12
个)
个
元音 中 元 音(3
(20个) 个)
合口双元音(5
双元
个)
音8
集中双元音(3
个
个)
清 辅 音(11个)
辅音
(28个)
浊 辅 音(17个)
[i:] [i]
[ɑ:
]
[e] [?]
[u:] [u]





























[?:] [?]
[?] [?:] [?]
[ei] [?u] [ai]
[i?] [u?] [??]
[p] [t]
[b] [d]
[m] [n]
[k]
[g]
[?]
[au] [?i]

[f]
[v]
[j]

[s] [θ] [?] [t?] [tr] [ts] [h]
[z] [?] [?] [d?] [dr] [dz] [l]
[w] [r]

语音知识:
1) 字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u
2) 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。即20个元音音素和28个辅音音
素.
3) 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英
语中有20元音。
4) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。
英语中有28辅音。
5) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple，stu'dent，tea'cher，u n'der'stand。
6) 开音节： a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due;
b) 辅音+元音 he，go，hi。
7) 闭音节： a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;

b)元音+辅音it。
8) 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。



i: beebi: feetfi:t keepki:p keyki: teamti:m meetmi:t
i it it bigbig citysiti givegiv sicksik
e getget bestbest texttekst helphelp
? fatf?t haveh?v catk?t backb?k hath?t
a: laughla:f glassgla:s halfha:f farmfa:m parkpa:k
?: horseh?: s saws?: cornk?:n coursek?:s salts?:t
? dogd?g potp?t costk?st whatw?t honest′?nist
u: foodfu:d moonmu:n ruleru:l looselu:s noonnu:n
u bookbuk putput goodgud wouldwud couldkud
? mustm?st doesd?z money′m?ni ugly′?gli comek?m
?: nursen?:s birdb?:d burnb?:n turnt?:n girlg?:l
? betterbet? nevernev? workerw?:k? welcomewelk?m
ei maymei nameneim gamegeim eighteit ageeid?
?u non?u homeh?um hopeh?up wroter?ut noten?ut posep?uz
ai eyeai timetaim buybai rightrait bikebaik kitekait
au nownau outaut howhau about ?′baut southsauθ househaus
?i boyb?i toyt?i noisen?iz voicev?is pointp?int coink?in
i? eari? nearni? ideaai′di? hearhi? meremi? spearspi?
ε? airε? teartε? carekε? daredε? fairfε? there?ε?
u? tourtu? poorpu? sure?u? moormu?(停泊) yourju?
p peapi: piepai topt?p capk?p peoplepi:pl pridepraid
b beebi: bybai buybai blackbl?k bearbε?
t letlet sats?t feetfi:t teamti:m tidetaid
d ledled sads?d feedfi:d dodu: deardi?
k lackl?k taketeik clockkl?k classkla:s weekend′wi:kend
g bigbig lagl?g glassgla:s gumg?m goodgud guestgest
f facefeis fastfa:st leafli:f surfs?:f favorite′feiv?rit
v very′veri fivefaiv fever′fi:v? serves?:v never′nev?
θ bathba:θ(v洗澡) thickθik mouthmauθ breathbreθ(n呼吸)
thoughtθ?:t author??θ? truthtru:θ
? the ?? they?ei that??t mother′m??? thus ??s then?en
s facefeis mousemaus cakeskeiks capsk?ps likeslaiks
stopsst?ps
z closekl?uz keyski:z boysb?iz penspenz halvesha:vz
t? catchk?t? cheept?i:p richrit? watchwt? childt?aild questionkwest??n
teachti:t? challenget?lind?
d? orange′?rid? largela:d? juiced?u:s jobd??b
tr treetri: trytrai truetru: troubletraubl tracktr?k
dr drydrai dreamdri:m dressdres drinkdri?k hundred′h?ndrid

? she?i: sharp?a:p fishfi? shock??k shoe?u:
? pleasure′ple?? measure′me?? television′telivi??n
ts let′slets sportssp?:ts putsputs writesraits seatssi:ts
dz handsh?ndz birdsb?:dz friendsfreindz bedsbedz
standsst?ndz
h he hi: hardha:d himhim heardh?:d halfha:f
l likelaik lateleit learnl?:n leadli:d lightlait
m mymai morem?: seemsi:m meatmi:t mindmaind menmen
n nicenais windwaind mindmaind rainrein finefain
? singsi? wingwi? ringri? longl?? beautifulbju:t?fl
j youju: fewfju: yardja:d music′mju:zik student′stju:dnt
excuseik′skju:z
w workw?:k waywei wellwel whatw?t twelvetwelv
twintwin
r redred roadr?ud writerait wrongr?? problem′pr?bl?m

音标综合练习
1.i: i e ?
bit wi:k di:l ri?l kid dig kwik tip zip rid wil fil
bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill
pet p?k g?p k?g n?g r?m b?tl sed ′h?pi ten
red
pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten
red
′setl tr?? di′pend
settle trash depend
2.a: ?: ? u: u
a:sk ma:sk pa:st fra:ns ?d l?:n n?:t p?:z f?ks s?k
ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock
fa: la:d? ma:k l?:d t?: st?:m p?t kr?p θ?t pr?mis
far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought
promise
huk lu:s sut tuk mud θru: pul wud
hook loose soot took mood through pull wood
3.? ? ?
b?z d?l ′h?ri g?lf ′tr?bl ?:n s?:f ′t?:n? ′beg? t?k
buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger
tuck
k?:b ?:k ?′merik ′s?k? ′k?mp? s?′vei p?′veid p?′h?ps
curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade
perhaps
b?:′lesk ′m?:d?
burlesque murder
?u ai au ?i

keip greit mein pr?p?uz ′m?u??n st?un ′?uv? sait
kape great main propose motion stone over sight
raim daut ′taipist aust m?ist ′?ist?
rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster
4.i? ?? u?
vi? ?′f?? d?? sk?? bu?n gu?d ′ru?r?l ?′pi? k?l?mbi?
veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear
Colombia
m?ti?ri?l misti?ri?s
material mysterious
5.θ ?
m?nθ θi:f ??t ??n feiθ t?′ge?? θ??k ??m′selvz
month thief that than faith together thank themselves


一. 找出画线部分读音不同的单词(每题2分,共20分)
( ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach
( ) 2. A. back B. fast C. have D. map
( ) 3. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party
( ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good
( ) 5. A. book B. moody C. look D. cook
( ) 6. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu
( ) 7. A. push B. fun C. sun D. ugly
( ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over
( ) 9. A. go B. no C. cold D. hot
( ) 10.A. like B. lion C. pizza D. Friday
（ ）11．A．too B．classroom C．broom D．afternoon
（ ）12．A．houses B．spell C．student D．sister
（ ）13．A．colour B．American C．doctor D．licence
（ ）14．A．teacher B．seat C．sweater D．please
（ ）15．A．which B．who C．what D．where
（ ）16．A．little B．thing C．white D．with
（ ）17．A．yellow B．brown C．window D．know
（ ）18．A．worry B．sky C．only D．many
（ ）19．A．school B．chair C．China D．much
（ ）20．A．these B．they C．brother D．three
( )21. A. brother B. come C. police D .mothers
( )22. A .cinema B. climb C. sister D. film
( )23. A. these B. bath C. think D .health
( )24 . A. morning B. color C. work D. doctor
( )25. A. basement B. favorite C. basket D. table
( )26. A. island B. small C. ask D. helps
( )27. A. mouth B. dangerous C. thousand D. about
( )28. A. beach B. meal C. theatre D. leave

( )29. A. how B. snow C. tomorrow D. own
( )30. A. large B. language C. giraffe D. great
二．根据音标写单词：
[blu:] [da:ns] [mu:n]
[fa:] [laik] [geit]
[tju:b] [flai] [lend]
[priti] [lesn ] [h?pi ]
[f?mili] [plei] [f?ks]
[t?′ge??] [meni] taig?
三．在单词音标的下面写出单词：
1、单元音：

2、双元音：


3、清、浊辅音：



I, 复习26个字母：


1， 请按顺序默写出26个英文字母（含大小写）。

2， 请写出5个元音字母。

3， 请写出21个辅音字母。



4， 请写出两个半元音字母。

5， 请写出12个以元音开头的字母。


6， 单项填空：
( )1.1 There is “r”in the word “red”.
A,a B,an C, the
( )1,2 There is “s” in the word “small”.
A,a B,an C, the
( )1. 3 There is “a” in the word “apple”.
A,a B,an C, the
( )1.4 This is useful book.
A,a B,an C, the
( ) 1.5 This is interesting book.
A,a B,an C, the
48个英语音标表










II，复习48个音标：

1， 请写出20个元音。





2， 请写出28个辅音。