磷酸氯喹读音-亲爱的英文单词
初中英语音标发音表及发音规
则
一、
英语音标发音表
英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。
国际音标(英语语音)
前元音
[i:] [i] [e] [?]
单元音 中元音
[?] [?:] [?]
元音 后元音
[u:] [u] [?:] [?] [a:]
双元音
开合双元音
[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au]
集中双元音
[i?]
[ε?]
[u?]
爆破音
清辅音
[p] [t]
[k]
浊辅音
[b] [d] [g]
摩擦音
清辅音
[f] [s] [?]
[θ]
[h]
浊辅音
[v] [z] [?] [?]
辅音
破擦音
清辅音
[t?] [tr] [ts]
浊辅音
[d?] [dr] [dz]
鼻音 (浊辅音)
[m] [n] [?]
舌则音 (浊辅音)
[l] [r]
半元音 (浊辅音)
[w] [j]
2
3
[u:]字母组合 oo o u--food moon room
gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe
do two true
truth blue full prude
[u]字母组合 oo ou u o--look
good foot book wood should could put full
bull
pull push woman wolf
[ei]发音字母 a ay ea ai ey--
name cake late gate plane April play say may
way great break rain paint plain they grey
[ai]发音字母 i y--bike fine find die nine light
night high my try fly
eye
[au]字母组合 ou ow--
house out flour ground account count sound loud
around mouse flower down now cow how town
[]发音字母 o ow oa--home cold go no phone host
ghost know low below
grow blow show flow boat
coat goal
[i]字母组合 eer ear--beer deerear near
here fierce idea
[]字母组合ear air ere--pear bear
chair air fair there where care
[u]字母组合our
ower--hour tour flower shower
[t] tree two ten
ton town twenty city
[d] door dull desk dose
do dog dictionary
[k] king kite key look cook
book kitchen sky
[g] girl good goal goat
grade long language
[m] man make moon morning
move come comb
[n] pen ten nine fine night
noon moon clean
[] uncle bank English think
thank junk sing king morning
[l] long land
lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal
soul
4
[r] read red right
run room write
[f] five fly fine flag frog fog
roof knife life wife cough laugh
rough
[v] very evening even every voice vest of
[s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case
scarf
[z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose
suppose pause those
[] that this those these
though
[∫] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush
wash nation attention
[h] hot hop home house
horse how who
[w] when what where window wind
wood
[j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow
[] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch
teach
[] age language cabbage vegetable stage
bridge joy enjoy join July
June junk
[tr]
tree country try treat track trunk
[dr] dry
dream drop drive drink
[ts] students boots
boats goats nuts
[dz] goods woods moods hoods
5
二、特殊单词发音:
元音:
1) [i:]
字母组合:ee ea e ie
three tree green sheep
meet beef see seek(ee)
eat tea meat leave
lead teacher team mean speak clean
please(ea)
he she me(e)
piece receive
ceiling (ie,ei)
2) [i] 发音字母 i y e
sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big
build miss
myth many twenty happy
dictionary
defect decide delicious
3) 发音字母 a
6
bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black
back glad
flag shall man
4) [e] 字母组合
ea e a
head bread pleasure
elephant electric remember sell shell lesson
better bed
desk hotel yes
many any
5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or
girl
shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger
learn earn earth heard
term her
nerd serve
7
work
worm work world
6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar
o a e u
teacher leader remember player
speaker farmer powder
doctor actor mayor
author tractor
delicious gracious
pleasure familiar
collar dollar
together tomorrow today shallop lesson
Washington control polite around account ago
elephant manta banana Canada Japan china
men listen
famulus Saturday
7)
[a:] 字母组合 ar a
8
car
farm card arm garden
fast class last
glass plant aunt calm
8) [ ] 发音字母 u o ou
oo
up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus
come mother dose brother love above
trouble rough flourish
blood flood
9) [ ]字母组合 al or au our ar aw
small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
short more lord horse for forty sport door
floor store
author caught autumn
9
four mourn court bought
warm quarrel quarter
draw saw
flaw
10) [ ] 发音字母 o a
hot lost
lot fox box mop hop loss collar not
want
wash
11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u
food
moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth
shoe do two
true truth blue full
12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u
10
look good foot book
should
could
put full bull pull push
woman wolf
13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai
ey
name cake late gate plane April
play say may way
great break
rain paint plain
they grey
14) [ai] 发音字母 i y
11
bike fine find die nine light
night high
my try fly eye
15)
[au] 字母组合 ou ow
house out flour ground
account count sound loud around
mouse
flower down now cow how town
16) [εu]
发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go no phone host
ghost
know low below grow blow show flow
boat coat goal
17) [ ] 字母组合oy oi
boy toy joy
12
oil soil voice choice
18) [iε] 字母组合
eer
beer deer ear idea near here fierce
19) [ ] 字母组合ear air
pear bear
chair air fair care there where
20) [uε]
hour tour poor flower shower
[ei] [ai]
[aU] [EU] [Ri] [i[] [Z[] [UE]
2 容易混淆的元音
[ ] [e]
bad bed hand head man
men land lend pan pen sad said
[i:] [ei]
13
real rail greet
great mean main read raid
[e] [ai]
bet bite red write said side head hide
[aU] [ ]
house horse loud lord south
sauce cloud clause now nor
count corn
[aU] [ ]
found fond down done gown
gone town ton
3辅音
1) [p] pen
pear play pig pour pull push
2) [b] book
big boot bike bread break
14
3) [t] tree two ten ton town
twenty city
4) [d] door dull desk dose
do dog dictionary
5) [k] king kite key
look cook book kitchen sky (发音
字母k)
card cat cream correct climb come account
accept (发
音字母c)
fox box oxygen x-ray
(发音字母x)
school schedule schema (字母组合ch)
6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long
language
7) [m] man make moon morning
move come comb
8) [n] pen ten nine fine
night noon moon clean
9) [N] uncle bank
English think thank junk
15
sing king morning evening
10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black
world cold could goal soul
11)
[r] read red right run room write
12)
[f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life
wife
(字母f)
cough laugh rough(字母gh)
physic photo phone (ph)
13) [v]
very evening even every voice vest( 字母v)
of (字母f)
14) [s] six sit student same
seat kiss miss case scarf
(发音字母s)
16
license city cease cedar
ceiling celebrate (发音字母
c)
licence
piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合
ce)
15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap (z)
close nose hose suppose pause those whose (se)
16) [ ] think thank three thirty tooth
mouth
17) [ ] that this those these
though
18) [ ] sheep shoulder ship shoe
she brush wash (sh)
nation attention
station
social special
sure
17
19) [ ] pleasure
20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who
21) [w] when what where window wind wood
22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk
yellow
23) [ ] child chicken china chair
lunch ouch teach (字
母组合ch)
catch watch
match (字母组合tch)
24) [ ] age language
cabbage vegetable stage bridge
joy enjoy
join July June junk
25) [tr] tree
country try treat track trunk
26) [dr]
dry dream drop drive drink
27) [ts]
students boots boats goats nuts
18
28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods
4容易混淆的辅音
[v] [w]
vest
west vet wet vine wine very well
[s] [ ]
sink think mass math miss myth sort
sought
[z] [ ]
close cloth
breeze breathe
[n] [ ]
thin
thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing
5 字母,组合音节发音规律
19
1)a [ei] [?] [ ] [a:] [ ]
late
private grade bake grape nation station page
active hand bank fan parent family glad flag
accept about above formative machine
cinema
fast last glass class past father
wash what watch want
2)e [i:]
[e] [i] [ ] 不发音
appreciate extremely
secret she me he
letter left message
generate pebble
decide pretty previous
result restore
problem prosperous
student confident
20
active table late wife store lecture
3)i [ai] [i]
high price library ice
cream wife size line
fist pick chicken
piano fiancé city unit
4)o [ ] [ ] [ ] [
] [ ]
lode host cold note okay old home
lose do who whose prove
love
some other mother honey company
today
tomorrow together control collect
lost
hot mock office soft honest
5)u [ju] [u]
[ ] [ ]
21
university refuse unique universe huge
put push pull full bull
but brush
bucket duck bubble
support suggest
6)c [k] [s]
country camp camera
courage cable
city ceiling celebrate
cell cease
7)g [g] [ ] [ ]
girl
grade glass glade bag flag
village
vegetable bridge gentleman gym
long song
sing morning evening
22
8) l [l] 读音不同
listen learn language
collect English gorilla
world cold soil
tall sell cool animal
9) n [n] [ ]
moon night noodle number
uncle
hungry angry young
10) r [r] [ ](美语发音)
right read write grade progress
card board door floor form north
11)y [j] [i] [ai]
yellow year yell
young yolk
23
university country pretty happy
dyke
dying fly buy by my
12)ar [a:] [ ] [ ]
farm card garden mark
dollar
warm quarrel quarter
13) ea
[i:] [e] [ei] [ ]
cease season breathe
feature meat please
bread breast breath
meadow weather
great break
idea realize
24
14) ear [ ] [ ]
learn earth earn
heard
hear near clear ear fear
15) er [ ] [ ] [ ]
deserve serve her
person
teacher driver anger singer
serious experience mysterious fierce
16) ere [ ] [ ]
here mere fere sere
there
17) ir [ ] [ai]
25
shirt girl skirt
admire desire
18) oo [u:] [u] [ ] [
]
room tool cool moon noon goof food
good foot stood wood wool cook wood book
blood flood
door floor
19) or [ ] [ ] [ ]
short form corn
born for
work world worm word worst
tractor doctor actor sector senior
senator
26
20) oor
[ ] [ ]
door floor
moor poor
boor
21) our [ ] [ ]
hour tour
flour bourn lour
pour court four mourn
22) ou [au] [ ] [ ]
house mouth
mouse sound found
enough trouble touch
delicious gracious prosperous
23) ow [ ] [au]
27
window meadow know show low
now town
how down cow
24) se [z] [s]
nose suppose gose lose pose rose
mouse house
25) th [W] [T]
thank think thought cloth
clothes
that this then than
26) sion [ ] [ ]
propulsion tension progression passion
protrusion provision conclusion
television
28
27) tion [ ] [ ](不常见)
station nation
translation attention
question
三、连续与爆破音
那么,什么是连读呢?
在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一
个意群(即短语或从句)
中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元
音音素开头,如
:not at all如:Please take a look at
it.
I’m~an~English boy.
It~is~an~old book.
Let me have~a look~at~it.
Ms Black worked
in~an~office last~yesterday.
I called~you
half~an~hour~ago.
Put~it~on, please.
Not~at~all.
Please pick~it~up.
29
“辅音+半元音”型连读
英语语音中的
j和w是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅
音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是j开头,此时
也要
连读。
Thank~you.
Nice to meet~you.
Did~you get there late~again?
Would~you
like~a cup~of tea?
Could~you help me,
please?
“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一
个词以元音开头
,这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连
读到一起。
I~am Chinese.
He~is very friendly to me.
She wants
to study~English.
How~and why did you come
here?
She can’t carry~it.
It’ll take
you three~hours to walk there.
The question
is too~easy for him to answer.
爆破音是指发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,然后气流冲破
阻碍而发出的音。这些音有6个,即p, b,
t, d,
30
k和g。但在某些情况下,发爆破音
时,气流不必冲破
阻碍,而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,并稍做停
顿,(也就是说,做好要
发出这个爆破音的准备,但不要
发出音来),这样的发音过程叫作不完全爆破。
6个爆破音有3对p,b,t,d,k,g
失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某些情况下,只须
做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的
音。
(1)“爆破音+爆破音” 型
6个爆破音【t、d、k、g、p、b】中的任意2个相临时,<
br>前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即由相关的发音器官做好这
个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破
音。
The girl in the re(d) coat was on a
bla(ck) bike
jus(t) now.
The bi(g) bus
from the fa(c) tory is full of people.
Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?
This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.
The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.
We’re
going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.
What
would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?
It’s a very col(d) day, but it’s a goo(d) day.
You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.
31
I bought a chea(p)
book, but it’s a goo(d) book.
“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面
是爆破音,其后紧跟着某
些摩擦音(如f,s,W,T等),那么前面那个
爆破音仅有十分轻微
的爆破,而后面那个摩擦音则要完
全爆破。
Goo(d) morning, Mr.
Bell.
Goo(d) morning, dear.
Uncle Li’s
fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.
I
wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.
-Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don’(t)
know.
The forty-firs(t) lesson is
qui(te) difficult
32
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