国际英语音标表及英语发音规律记忆口诀

英语音标表发音规律记忆口诀
英语音标表、字母表----- 字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀
一、尝试用“胸腔辅助送力---—口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26 个英文字母，感觉
学习标准发音，直到感觉音准，流利，升降调式自如为止。
印刷体：大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
[ ei bi: si: di: i: ef dVi: eitF ai dVei kei el em en Eu pi:kju: B: es
ti: ju: vi: dQblju: eks wai zi:]
u 先观察以上字母的读音，然后，把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类：
(1) [ei] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(2) [i:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(3) [ai] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(4) [Eu] ___[ ]
(5) [u:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(6) [e] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(7) [B:] ___[ ]

二、 英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表
英 语 音 标（采用口腔后部发声法发音）
元
单
带
中元音：[Q] [E] [E: :]
元
振
音
音
后元音：[B:] [C:] [C] [u:] [u]
动
*
双
母
振
元[ai] [ei] [Ci] [iE] [ZE eE] [uE] [au] [Eu]
音
动
音
辅
哑不
辅振[p][t][k] [f][s][W][F] [h] [tF][tr][ts]
音
音 动
*
浊
[b][d][g] [v][z][T][V] [r] [dV][dr][dz]
振
子
辅
动
音
音
[m][n][N] [l][l] [w][j ]
辅音连缀
声前元音：[i: I:] [i] [e] [A]
发音特征
发音
清晰
响亮
气流
通畅
发音
含糊
晦涩
气流
受阻
[pr][pl][br][b l][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl][sn][sl][sk][sp][sw][dw] [hw][kw][tw] [Wr]
[pju:][bju:][tju:][dju:][kju :][gju:][fju:][vju:][lju:][mju:][nju:][hju:][zju
三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：(也就是单词的音标怎么读。与我们汉语拼音很相似)
（拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。）
拼读口诀：元音为中心，划分音节、 按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一重多
轻发音，轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音，轻闭音节 读短音。例子：
he[hi:], name [neim], table[`teibl], bicycle[`baisikl], teacher[`ti:tFE], red, cap,
and, thank, basket, yellow, umbrella,
*****{详细内容见后面第五节(本材料第8页)：五、音节划分。。。}
u 小测试：音标拼读练习。
[ai] + [E] →[aiE] [au]+ [E]→ [auE] [h]+ [iE]→ [hiE] [p]+ [ZE] →[pZE] [t]+[Ci]
→[tCi]

[ei]+ [tF]→ [eitF] [tF] +[ei]→[tFei] [g]+[Eu]→[gEu] [k]+[au]→[kau]
[sn]+[Eu]→[snEu]
[pr]+[au]→[prau] [pl]+[ei]→[plei]
[gr]+[i:]→[gri:] [gl]+[u:]→[glu:] [kl]+[B:]→[klB:]
[kl]+[B:]+[s]→[klB:s] [t]+[u:]+[W]→[tu:W] [br]+[au]+[n]→[braun]
[r]+[Q]+[b]+[E]→[`rQbE]
[b]+[B:]+[s]+[k]+[i]+[t]→[`bB:skit] [t]+[i:]+[tF]+[E]→[`ti:tFE]
[Q]+[m]+[br]+[e]+[l]+[E]→[Qm`brelE] [bai]+[si]+[kl]→[`baisikl] [brQ]+[TE]→[`
brQTE]
四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则（或一般规律）：
1. 为什么要掌握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律？目的只有一个，让我
们能够做到------ 见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要

反过来，学会语音认字（类 似我们的拼音认字），通过多加练习，逐步达到听音
写字、音义结合的水平。第三步是形义结合，练习英 语汉语意义对应翻译。
例1：假如你知道字母组合ee一般发音是[i:] (规律), 那么，meet这个单词就脱
口而出了。
单词(词形)： meet 词义：遇见；初次见面认识；满足迎合；迎接出迎。
[ __- __-__ ] → [ ] 读音音标
例 2：单词(词形)：which 词义：哪个，哪些
[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音音标
例 3：单词(词形)：whose 词义：谁的？
[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音音标
例 4：单词(词形)：pl ea se 词义：请，求你了,
[ __-__-__ ] → [ ] 读音音标
2. 英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：（要求熟记于心，脱口
而出）

总口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来
念。
字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连，
元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。
辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。
b发[b], c发[k], ci(y) ce多发[s]; 例词：blue, table, Crisp, class, picture, actor,
pencil, bicycle, nice,
d发[d], f [f], g发[g] [dV], [V]少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee, green, egg,
orange, garage
h [h], j发[dV], k l [k] [l]可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan, book, look, blue,
Klan class
m [m], n [n][N], p [p] q [k] r 发[r]; meet, am, no, green, thank, English, pen,
cap, quickly, Crisp,
s 最多[s]和[z], 趋唇[F] [V]也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please, sure[F],
usually[V], pleasure
x 发音剪头端，[ks]多于[gz]面； six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam, (后
接重读元音)
t 发[t], v 发[v], w 辅音[w]来念； teacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim,
wash, which, white
最后一个字母z，发好[z]音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle,
辅音字母一见发音表：
b c d
[d]

bed
f
[f]

coffee
fly
g
[g]egg
[dV]
h j k l
[l]
[-l]
m
[m]

n
[n]
[N]g
k
[b] [k]cap
[s]city
[h] [dV] [k]

table rice orange high jeep book blue meet nose
garbage hello Japakeep ball room pen blue bicycle dog

n

p
[p]

penci
l
open

q
[k]


r
[r]

s
[s]desk
[V]garag
e
t
[t]

sit

v
[v]

voic
e
invit
e


w

x
table
(y)

z
[z]

thank




[w] [ks] [j]yes
[gz] [ai]my [-r] [z]easy
[V]usuall
y
quick rose
quarte
r

wash box [i]busy zoo
exa
m

sorry pleasure teacher
teache
r
swim very zero
quicklfreez
y e

[F]sure little

常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。

wh发音 [h] 和 [w], th 常发 [W] 和 [T]；
chtch多发 [tF], 有时发音 [F] 或 [k]；
sh [F], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f](词尾)；
gedge 多发 [dV], ck 发 [k], kn [n];
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。
wr 发卷趋 [r], 双写分节不分音。{ 动词或复数词尾s es, 多发[s][z] 和
[iz]; ts [ts] ds[dz]}
例词：
wh发音 [h] 和 [w],

wh ---[ ] which, white, what, where, when, why [ ] whose, who,
whole {*whew [hw-]}
th 常发 [W] 和 [T]；th --- [ ] this, that, the, they, with [ ] thank,
three, tooth, forth, eleventh
chtch多发 [tF], 有时发音 [F] 或 [k]；
(t)ch ---[ ] chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch
chase(追赶，追击，追求),
[ ] ache, headache, chemist [ ] machine[mE`FEn], chaise [Feiz]
(带篷二轮马车)
sh [F], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f](词尾)； sh ---[ ] shoe, ship,
sheep, fish, wash, ash
ph ---[ ] photo, telephone, phrase gh ---[ ] right, light,
daughter [ ] laugh, cough
gedge 多发 [dV], ck 发 [k], kn [n];
(d)ge ---[ ] orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥，稀
饭)
ck ---[ ] black, kick, lock, back
kn ---[ ] knife, know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下), knit (编
织), knob(球形把手, 旋钮),
knack (诀窍), knight(骑士,武士; **《金山游侠》，金山公
司出品的游戏修改软件),
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。ng ---[ ] sing, song, long,
wing [ ] English, hungry

qu ---[ ] quick, quite(相当，十分), quiet (安静的，平静的), quarter,
require, [ ] cheque(支票), unique(唯一，独有独特的), technique(技
巧),
wr 发卷趋 [r],
wr ---[ ] wrong, write, wrap(包，裹), wrist(手腕), wrest(拧，扭),
wrestle(摔跤), wring(绞，扭)
双写分节不分音：miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella {双写元
音字母：see, zoo, book}
tstes ---[ ] its tail(它的尾巴), two baskets boats(两个篮子小船),
my coats shirts (我的上衣衬衫), three hats(三顶帽子), five cats(五只
猫), many streets(许多街道), two packets(两个包裹两包..), some
presents sweets(一些礼物糖果), two biscuits (两块饼干), a box of
chocolates (一包巧克力糖), ten minutes (十分钟), two gates (两扇大门),
in my pockets (在我的口袋里), two lights kites (两个灯 风筝), two nests
(两个鸟巢窝), two tea-pots (两个茶壶), some carrots (一些胡萝卜), What’
s this? It’s a pen. sits,
dsdes---[ ] two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, their
heads, two blackboards, goods(商品货物),
辅音连缀：pr ---[ ] practice, praise, pray, press, price, proud,
pl---[ ] please, play, plane, plan, place, plain, plenty (丰富, 大量),
pliers (钳子(如老虎钳,手钳,扁嘴钳等),镊子),plod(沉重地走, 辛勤工作),
plop (扑通落下), plum(李子), plug(插头,插上),
br---[ ] brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), brain, break, bread, breed (使)
繁殖, 教养, 抚养), brown, bride(新娘),bribe(贿赂, 向…行贿), brush

bl---[ ] black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue,
cr-kr---[ ] crab(螃蟹), cradle(摇篮), cream, crop, cricket([昆]蟋蟀,
[运动]板球) criticize(批评, 责备), cry,cruel(残忍的), kraut(泡菜),
Kremlin (克里姆林宫),
cl-kl---[ ] class, claim((根据权利)要求得到, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要)
clean, clear, clock, close, click(发出滴答声,单击n.滴答声) , club(俱
乐部, 夜总会,), klaxon (高音喇叭气笛, 电喇叭), Klan (=Ku Klux Klan)
三K党)
gr---[ ] grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green, great,
grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), grin(露齿笑, 裂口笑), groan(呻吟(着
说), gruffly (说话或态度粗暴地, 粗声地, 生硬地)
gl---[ ] glass, glad, gleam (发微光, 使闪烁), glide(滑行,滑翔),
globe(地球仪), glove(手套), glue(胶水胶合)
fr---[ ] France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的, 无经验的), frequent (频
繁的), friend (朋友), fried, fry, frog (青蛙),from(自，从)，front (前
面,前线,阵线), fruit (水果, 果实, 果类, 成果), frustrated (感到灰心
失败的)
fl---[ ] flat, flag, flame(火焰,热情), flap (拍打, 鼓翼而飞, 飘动),
flares (喇叭裤), flash (闪光, 闪现, 一瞬间), flea(跳蚤), flee (逃跑, 逃
走), fleer (狞笑, 讥笑), flesh (肉,果肉), flinch (畏缩, 退缩, 畏首畏尾),
floor (地板，楼层),
float (漂浮,浮舟,彩车), flood (洪水, 水灾, 淹没, 涌进,涌出) flour (面
粉), flow (流动, (河水)泛滥, 洋溢), flower (花) , flu (流感), fly (飞
翔，飞行)，flub (做得不好, 弄糟), fluent (流利的, 流畅的),

sl---[ ] slave (奴隶), slander (诽谤), slaughter (屠宰, 残杀, 屠杀),
sleep (睡眠, 睡觉), sleet (下雨加雪, 下冰雹),sleeve (袖子), slice (薄
片, 切片), slim (苗条的, 纤细的), slip (滑倒, 失足), slogan (口号, 标
语), slow(ly)(慢的地), sly slily [slaili](狡猾的地),
sm---[ ] small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦地),
smarty (=wise guy自作聪明的人), smell(气味, 臭味, 嗅, 闻到, 散发(...
的)气味, 有(...的)气味), smile ((～ at) 微笑), smog (烟雾), smoke (n.
烟, 烟尘, 烟幕v.抽烟, 吸烟vi.冒烟), smuggle (n.走私, 偷带v.走私),
sn---[ ] snow, snake, snack (吃)快餐小吃)), snail (蜗牛), snap (猛
咬), sneer (冷笑,轻蔑的笑), sneeze (打 喷嚏), snob snobling (势利的
年轻人, 势利小人),
sk---[ ] skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑过, 浏
览), skin (皮肤, 兽皮, 皮毛), skint (身无分文的, 穷光蛋的), skip (跳, 蹦,
跳读), sky-blue (天蓝色的, 淡蓝色, 蔚蓝色)
sp---[ ] space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹),
Spain (西班牙), spare (多余的, 剩下的分让给),
spell, speak (说话, 谈话, 发言, 演讲, 说明事实, 表示意见,操(某种语
言)), spear ([spiE]矛, 枪), specific ([spi`sifik]特效药, 详细而精确的,
明确的), spice (香料, 调味品,情趣), spider (蜘蛛), sport(运动,运动会),
spume [spju:m](n.泡沫v.(使)起泡沫), spumous (adj.起泡沫的, 泡沫状的),
spur[spE:](n.踢马剌, 剌激物v.鞭策), sputter [`spQtE](.说话急快
唾沫飞溅飞溅出喷溅声), sputum [spju:tEm](唾液, 痰), spy (特工, 间谍,
侦探,秘密侦察),
st---[ ] stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足)), stage (舞台,戏剧,举行),
star (星, 恒星, 明星, 名角), start (动身,开始,着手惊动,惊起,起动,发动),
staff (棒, 杖, 杆, 支柱, 全体职员), stadium (露天运动场体育场), step,

steep(陡峭的), stick (棍, 棒, 手杖粘住, 粘贴), stop, student, stupid
(愚蠢的, 麻木的), stupidity (蠢事,糊涂事), stutter (口吃, 结结巴巴的说),
style (风格, 时尚, 文体),
sw---[ ] swab ([swCb]n.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水潭,
垂花饰), swear(宣誓, 发誓), sweat(nv.(使)出汗),sweater(厚运动衫, 毛线
衫), sweep(扫, 打扫, 清扫, 席卷, 冲光), sweepup(n.大扫除), sweet(甜的,
可受的, 美好的, 芳香的n. 糖果),swim (swam,swum), swing (swang, swung,
秋千, 摇摆, 摆动), swicky([美]威士忌酒), swig(nv.痛饮, 大喝特喝(尤指
从瓶口喝的)), swiftly(迅速地, 敏捷地), swindle (sb of…骗走某人的),
swob(拖把, 海棉), swobble(大口地吃), swoon(vi.昏晕, 昏厥惊讶, 酣睡n.
狂喜, 陶醉), swoop(n.突然下降, 猛扑vt攫取vi.飞扑, 突然袭击),
sword(剑), swot(at.. for..up; vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人, 辛
苦的工作),
dw---[ ] dwarf ([dwC:f]n.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小), dwell(at..in...
居住 停留于;on..upon..细想, 详述),
tw---[ ] twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain ([twein]n.两, 双,
二, 一对), twin(s), twig ([twig]n.嫩枝, 小枝, 末梢), twice([twais]adv.
两次, 两倍), twiddle (with…v.玩弄, 旋弄,捻), twill ([twil]n.斜纹织物
vt.把...织成斜纹adj.斜纹织物的), twine ([twain]n.合股线, 细绳, 麻线,
搓v.搓, 织, 编饰, (使)缠绕), twinge([twindV]n.一阵一阵痛, 如刺一样痛,
剧痛vt.使一阵一阵痛, 刺痛), twinkle ([5twiNkl]v.闪烁, 闪耀, (使)闪光
n.闪烁, 发光, 牛眼), twist([twist]n.一扭, 扭曲,手法, 螺旋状vt.拧, 扭
曲, 绞, 搓, 捻, 使苦恼, 使转动, vi.扭弯, 扭曲, 缠绕, 扭动, 呈螺旋
形),two,
thr---[ ] three, thread(线，细丝, 线索, 思路, 螺纹), threaten(恐吓,
威胁), threnode (哀歌), thrive(兴旺, 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 旺盛), throw(扔，
抛，投，摔，掷，丢), through (通过，穿过，透过〔时间〕从…的开始到末

了，从头到尾；〔场所〕到处，全面), throat (咽喉, 喉咙, 嗓音, 窄路), throne
(王座, 君主), throstle (=wood thrush画眉鸟), thruput(吞吐量), thrust(力
推, 冲, 插入, 挤进, 刺, 戳), thrypsis([5Wripsis]粉碎性骨折),
******************* **********************************************

u 提前练一练，看看有何难。小测试：
1). 见字读音: 写出下列单词的音标。
class [ ] this [ ] your [ ] you [ ] here
[ ] Sandy [ ] Crisp [ ]
2). 音义结合：写出下列读音所对应的汉语意义。
[klB:s] _______; [hiE] ______; [blu:] ______; [sku:lbAg]
___________; [kQm] ______;
3). 听音写字：根据音标写单词。
[klB:s] _______; [hiE] ______; [blu:] ______; [sku:lbAg]
___________; [kQm] ______;
[hu:z] ________ [it] ___ [pli:z] ________ [daun] _______ [`ru:lE]
_______ [kQm] ____
4). 形义结合：英汉互译（即，写出对应的英语或汉语意思）。
her -____; thank-_______; 定冠词 这个或那个-______; 书-______;
rubber -_______;
小姐 -______; 帽子 -_____; Sit down please. ________; Thank you.
_______; Here you are.
_________; Yes, it is. ________; Come here, please. ___________;
?字母L的两种读音口诀：音节开头发清音[l -], 音节末尾模糊音[- l],
[l - ] lazy, like, look, long, lubber ([`lQbE] adj.粗笨的, 笨拙的n.傻
大个), black, please, clock, color, toilet, holiday, English, Italian,
nationality, lollipop,

[- l ] girl[E:l], ball [C:l], small, school[u:l], well[el], smell,
level[(E)l], smile[ail], hill[il], old[Eul], cold, child[ail], children
[il], full [ul], beautiful [ul], apple [pl], people, pupil, table [bl],
impossible, label ((贴)标签), little [tl], bottle, title, middle [dl],
cradle(摇篮),bicycle [kl], eagle [gl], pencil [sl], puzzle [-zl],
dazzle[5dAzl](眩目，晃眼，耀眼),
常见音节尾音总结：[i:l il el Al Ql El E:l C:l Cl u:l
ul ail eil Cil iEl uEl aul Eul ]
[-pl -bl -tl -dl -kl -gl -fl -vl -sl -zl ]
[-pEl -bEl -tEl -dEl -kEl -gEl -fEl -vEl
-sEl -zEl ]
元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。
重开音节多长音，[ei][i:][ai][Eu][ju:u:]来拼；重闭音节轻音短，
[A][ e][i][C][Q][u][E]
a接r ss常发[B:A], 还有[ei][A] [CC:][i] [E]。e的发音首数[e]，空尾
重[i:]轻[i][E]。
重开音 节i发[ai]，重闭轻音短[i][E]。o发长音[Eu][C:][u:]，短音[Q][C][E]
one殊。
u字多发 [ju:]和[Q]，忙碌busy(i)加[u:][u]。y头发 [j]重读[ai]，轻音结
尾[i]变来。
ay ,ey, ouy，多发[ei][i],[Ci][ai]。r前元音常卷舌，S后弱音须强化。
相近发音不规则，省力顺口是关键。相近强化加弱化，使得元音多变化。
例词：

a--- [ ei B: A C: C E i ] 强化音[ei]，弱化音[E]a接r ss常
发[B:A], 还有[ei][A] [CC:][i] [E]。
name [ei], table [ei], car [B:], park [B:], class [B:], basket [B:A],
as [A], ass [A], father [B:], afterward(s) [B:E](然后, 后来), dollar
[E],cap [A], catch [A], grammar [AE], America [E], asleep, alone, afraid,
banana [E B:E], woman [E], water [C:], watch [C], what [C], war [C:],
orange [i],
e--- [ i: e i E -*(词尾空音) ] 强化音[i:]，弱化音[E i ] e
的发音首数[e]，空尾重[i:]轻[i][E]。
he [i:], she [i:], we [i:], me [i:], evening [i:], red [e], pencil
[e], empty [e], desk [e], umbrella [e], French [e], basket [i], women [i],
pretty [i], the [E i:], children [E], open [E], hundred [E i:],
-*(词尾空音) ---- whose [z], house [s], nice [s], face [s], white [t],
name [m], give [v], side [d], wake [k], prize [z], fine [n], tube [b],
orange [dV], employee [i:] (职工, 雇员, 店员), apple [pl], table [bl],
little [tl], middle [dl], bicycle [kl], eagle [gl](鹰),
i--- [ ai i: i E ] 强化音[aii:]，弱化音[E i] 重开音节发[i:
ai]，重闭轻音短[i][E]。
right [ai], bicycle [ai], white [ai], police [i:], this [i], which
[i], his [i],building [i], beautiful [E], holiday [E],
o--- [ Eu Q C C:u: u E wQ-] 强化音[Eu C:u:]，弱化音[E]
o发长音[Eu][C:][u:]，短音[Q][C][E] one殊。
no [Eu], cold [Eu], those [Eu], come [Q], some [Q], mother [Q],
brother [Q], son [Q], month [Q], dog [C], not [C], hot [C], sorry [C],
shop [C], locker [C], box [C], orange [C:], whose [u:], who [u:], do [u:],

to [u:], two [u:], woman [u], policeman [E], today [E], occasion [E](场
合, 时机, 机会), aeroplane [E], one [wQn], once [wQns], reservoir
[`rezEvwB:],
u--- [ ju: Q u u: i ] 强化音[ju:u:]，弱化音[i]u字多发 [ju:]
和[Q]，忙碌busy(i)加[u:][u]。
use [ju:], usually [ju:], tube [ju:], music [ju:], pupil [ju:],
rubber [Q], umbrella [Q], mum [Q], hungry [Q], bus [Q], just [Q],cup
[Q],put [u], full [u], pull [u], ruler [u:],Sue [u:],blue [u:],minute [i],
busy [i]
y--- [ ai j i ] 强化音[ai]，弱化音[i] y头发[j]重读[ai]，
轻音结尾[i]变来。
your [j], you [j], yes [j], yellow [j], young [j], my [ai], why [ai],
tyre [ai], style [ai], fry [ai], cry [ai], bicycle [i], baby [i], ready
[i], hungry [i], very [i], thirsty [i], empty [i], busy [i], body [i],
slowly [i],
常见元音字母组合发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，常受影响发音变；千锤百炼
习语感。
组合爱发长双元(音(重读音节))；常受影响发音变；为了顺口图方便，近似发
音相变换。
另有强化加弱化，多个字母省略念。外来古语不规则(发音)，熟读百遍字腔圆。
a--- ay [ei] day, say, play, way, weekday, birthday, [i] Sunday,
Monday, …
ar [B:] car, star, farm, are, park, garlic, [E] dollar,
collar, grammar, particular [pE`tikju:lE],

al [C:] all, ball, small, hall, walk, chalk, [B:] half,
[C:l Al El ]非组合式的情况：although[C:l], alga [`AlgE](藻类, 海藻),
algal [`AlgEl](adj.海藻的), algebra [Al`dVibrE] (代数学), signal
[lsigEl](信号发信号, 用信号通知),
au [C:] daughter, fault, audience, cause, August[`C:gEst] (八月),
august [C:`gQst](令人敬畏的, 威严的),
[C] because, [au] kraut(泡菜), [B:] laugh,
air [ZE] air, chair, hair, pair, fair,
ai [ei] aid, aim, rain, afraid, wait, maid, straight, faith (信
念, 宗教信仰, 忠实,),
aw [C:] draw, law, saw, awful, raw,
e--- ea [i:] teacher, tea, eat, meat, read, clean, heal, [e] bread,
breakfast, head, [ei] great, break, steak,
ee [i:] meet, teeth, see, three, green, week, freezing, queen,
ei [ei] eight, weigh, weight, [i:] receive, ceiling, deceit
(n.欺骗, 谎言), deceive(v. 欺骗, 谎言), receipt (收条, 收据, 收到),
perceive (v.察觉感知, 感到), conceit (原义;自负, 幻想),
er [E:] her, herd(兽群, 牧群放牧), emergency (紧急情况, 紧急
突发事件, 非常时刻,), [E] teacher, sister, brother, farmer, worker,
letter, over,
ear [iE] ear, hear, near, year, fear, earwig (偷听者), [ZE] pear,
wear, swear(宣誓, 发誓),

[E:] early, earth, earn,
ere [iE] here, sphere (球体), hemisphere (半球), [ZE] there,
ere (prepconj. 前于...; 在...以前),
eir [ZE] their,
eer [iE] beer, deer, cheer(欢呼喝彩), sneer(冷笑,讥笑), jeer(讥
讽嘲弄), engineer, ,
ey [ei] they, grey, hey,
ew [ju:] new, few, hew(砍), view(景色, 风景, 观点, 见解), ewe
(母羊),
i--- ir [E:] girl, sir, thirsty, shirt, skirt, first, thirty, whirl((使)
旋转), stir (轰动, 激起,搅动),
ie [i:] piece, niece(侄女, 甥女), field, thief, believe, belief,
achieve(完成, 达到), chief(首领, 领袖, 酋长, 长官主要的, 首要的, 首
席的, 主任的), grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), relief((痛苦等的)减
轻),
ire [aiE] tire(轮胎；使劳累), tired(累的，疲劳的), wire(金属丝,
电线),
igh [ai] right, light, fight, might(也许, 或许; 可能), night,
knight,
o--- or [C:] or, for, fork, morning, short, torch, more, [E:] work,
worker, [E] actor, doctor, forget,
oa [Eu] boat, coat, goat, goal,

oo [u:]school, food, too, room, tooth, spoon, moon, boot, root,
wool, mood(心情, 情绪, 语气, 状态),
[u] book, look, cook, good, football, foot [Q] blood, flood,
ou [au] house, blouse, trousers, mouse, mouth, south, ouch, out,
our, hour, flour, sour, mountain,
[Q] young, touch, rough(粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的), [u:] you,
through, rouge [ru:V](擦口红胭脂), [u]would, could, should, [C:]
cough,
ow [au] brown, down, how, now, towel, tower, [Eu] yellow, bowl,
show, blow, snow, throw
oyoi [Ci] boy, toy, enjoy, employ, noise, noisy, toilet,
oil, boil,
our [au] our, flour(面粉) [C:] your, four, course,
ore [C:] before, more, forehead, foresee,
oor [C: JE] door, floor, moor(荒野;停泊, 系住),
u--- ur [E:] turn, Thursday, hurt, fur, urge, further, urban (城市
的, 市内的), suburb, suburbia (郊区居民),
ure picture, future[tFE], sure[FuE], pleasure,
measure[VE],
ua [JE] usual, usually, February, graduate [`grAdJEt](大学)
毕业生, 研究生),

非组合发音： graduate [`grAdjJeit] (v. (使)(大学)毕
业), [jJE]January,
uy [ai] buy, guy,

五、音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读：
1. 音节就 是英文单词字母(或发音)的排列单位，一个单位算
一节。连读起来轻重缓急，流利有节奏，便于听说阅 读。
2. 音节的结构、类型：口诀： 完全结构头中尾(音头音中
音尾) ，元音字母占中央(包含组合)，缺头少尾有开闭(音节)，e尾成音r音节。
开音节闭音节：以元音或不发音的e结尾的叫开音节，以辅音结尾的是闭音节。
开音节(词) ：[以开音节结尾] a, area, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy, grey,
ba*by, ru*ler, rub*ber, fa*ther, the, she, we, he, bee, ta*ble, ap*ple,
name, bi*cy*cle, banana, orange, some,
闭音节(词)：bas*ket, bag, cap, class, miss, cross, rain, ti*red, bed, red,
yes, egg, sit, it, begin(开始), hot, not, boat, boil(沸腾，煮沸，激动),
cup, sun, cut, put, but, mutton(羊肉), meet, woman,
r音节：元音字母(a e i o u) + r构成的独立的音节，也可以前后加辅音字母
共同构成音节。
例如：far(远的), arm, er (嗯~), her, tea*cher, ru*ler, sir,
girl, stir(轰动, 激起), or, for(为了，对于，因为，适合), short, fur(毛
皮), turn, ar?ti?cle(文章), or?der (命令, 定购, 定制；次序, 顺序,
秩序), ur?gent (急迫的, 紧急的), ur?ban (城市的, 市内的),
成音节： 辅音字母(有时跟不发音弱化音的元音字母) + l, m, n, (常常带有
不发音的e)可算作一个音节。
例如：la?bel ((贴)标签), pu?pil, pen?cil [sl], ta?ble, bi
?cy?cle, lit?tle [tl], ap?ple [pl],
peo?ple,

3. 划分音节口诀： 音节中心看母音，辅音 要向两边站。中心
之间辅音连，一靠后,二分手；多个中间偏左右，字母组合算一个(音)。多音节尾 -l -m –n(e)，前有辅音成音节。
例子：学会一眼识破音节数目，运用语音规则，做到见字读音。
闭音节：pen [pen], cap [kAp], bas*ket [`bB:skit], green [gri:n], book
[buk], and [And], eat [i:t],
开音节：he [hi:], she [Fi:], tea [ti:],my [mai], tea?cher [`ti:tFE], rea
?dy [`redi], Ju?ly [`dVu(:)lai],
ru?ler [`ru:lE], her [hE:],
成音节： ta?ble [`teibl], ap?ple [pl], bot?tle [tl], mid?dle [dl], bi
?cy?cle [`baisikl], pen?cil [sl],
se?ven [`sevn], e?le?ven [i `lev(E)n],
不发音的e 尾：come [kQm], please [pli:z], whose [hu:z], nice [nais], name
[neim], give [giv],（开音节的外形，多读长音。）
4. 单词重音（重音符号ˊ）：双音节和多音节词中常常重读
一个音节，其它读轻音。遇到生词，有音标当然 省事，但在无音标的情况下，至
于哪个音节要重读，由于英语词源、构词、例外情况等诸多因素限制，不 可能将
每个生词读的完全无误。只能掌握的一般规律：
重音口诀： 为了顺口有节奏，张口由 大变到小(省气力)，大口长音多重读，还
要保持身平衡(整个单词发音)，特别写法长又多(特别是写 法很长的多音节词)，
倒数第三多琢磨。(一般是)前轻---中重---- 后又轻。哪儿平顺哪(儿)读重。
一般具体做法是：① 单音节都重读；这类单词很多。例如：meet, and, class,
which, house, bread
② 双音节词 ▲ (发长音或大口音重读, 这类单词很多，例如：`teacher
[`ti:tFE], `ruler [`ru:lE], `basket [`bB:skit], `apple [`Apl], `table
[`teibl],tired [`taiEd], `lazy [`leizi], `open [`EupEn], `sorry
[`sCri], Ju`ly, pre`fer, po`lice, to`day,
▲ (两音平(音长和张口大小接近的)开头重读; 这类单词很多，例如：`rubber,
`Sandy, `sandwich, `pencil, `brother, woman, `sister, `ready, `hungry,

`very, `busy, `picture, `listen, `Betty, `empty, `pretty, clever [`klevE],
letter [ `letE],
▲ (带前后缀多词根重读。例如：a`gain, a`loud, a`sleep, be`gin, be`fore,
be`side, be`hind, `quickly, `friendship, `boyish, `building,
④ 多音节词倒数第三个元音字母(音节)重读。带前后缀多词根重读。
例如：`Italy,(I`talian), A`merican, `beautiful, natio`nality, `exercise,
`chocolate, `newspaper, suddenly, inter`national, `championship,
`countable, `interesting, mechano`therapy (力学疗法),
③ 合成词保持开头单词的重音：例如：policeman, `pencil-box, `football,
`ice-cream, `classroom, `schoolboy, `postman, `milkman, `tea-pot,
`Jack-in-the-box, `hide- and-`seek, `snakes-and-`ladders,
小测试：
给下列单词划分音节, 并拼读出来。(单音节词下划线，多音节词
用竖线分割。)
1). yes, here, sorry, yellow, football, brother, woman, sister, hungry,
very, thirsty, busy, tired, picture, quickly, evening, empty, children,
school, funny, actress, policewoman, open, clever, heavy, banana, 2).
exercise, beautiful, thick, light, small, French, German, English,
Italian, American, letter, mother, street, colour, locker, dirty, towel,
our, lady, twins. sandwich, duster, hurry, headmaster, playground, 3).
upstairs, perhaps, asleep, today, holiday, animal, lollipop, instead,
biscuit, chocolate, minute, fine, shell, gate, near, under, newspaper,
silly, beside, behind, between, together, attention, laugh, matter, 4).
face, ear, aeroplane, goal, trousers, knife, chimney, water, make, turn,
piece, easy, course, watch, basin, hopscotch, game, throw, stone, window,
telescope, across, into, happen, present, birthday,

u 注意：这语音方面的技能需要在下面不断练习，我们可以把教材 里的单词多多练习。一有时间就拿起教材进行训练。天长日久，会取
得你满意的效果。

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