最全面的英语音标发音规则表

英语音标发音规则表
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
a
在闭音节中 [?] bag dad hat map black back
在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese
e
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
i
在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim
在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
o
在闭音节中 [] clock not box shop sock
在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
u
在闭音节中 [] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler
super





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二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
[] China another woman breakfast
a
[i] orange comrade village cabbage
[] hundred student open weekend
e
[i] chicken pocket begin children
[][i] holiday beautiful family animal
i
[ai] exercise satellite
[] second tonight somebody welcome
o
[u] also zero photo
[] autumn diffcult
u
[ju:] popular congratulation January
1 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate 2 u
处在开音节位置，
又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue
在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]音。





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三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a在[w]音后面 [] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st thafter plant graph ask grasp glass fast
[α:]
前 father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [] come monkey love mother

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词
ar
[α:] car farm dark sharpener
ar在[w]音后面
[:] warm quarter towards
or
[:] forty morning short
or在[w]音后面
[:] word worker worse
er ir ur [:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成- r音节,而是按重读闭音节的
拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
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元音字组
are
ere
ire
ore
ure
读 音
[ε]
[i]
[ai]
[:]
[ju]
care dare hare
here mere
fire hire wire
more score before
pure cure
例 词
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[]音，例
如：picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按- re音节拼读
规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：par
e
nt zer
o
stor
y
dur
i
ng inspir
i
ng
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very
American paragraph

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
aiay
air
读 音
[ei]
[ε]
[]
al
[:l]
al在f m前
[α:] half calm
always also salt almost
例 词
afraid rain wait day play
air hair chair pair repair
small ball talk wall all
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auaw [:] autumn daughter draw
[i:] teach easy cheap please
ea [e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
[i] hear dear near clear year
ear [ε] bear pear wear swear
[:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [i] pioneer deer beer
[ei] eight neighbour they
eiey
[i:] either key
euew在
[ju:] new few newspaper
j l r s后
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ieei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oaroor [:] roar board door floor
oioy [i] noise point boy toilet
[u:] broom food tooth school
oo
[u] book look cook foot good
ouow [au] flower house count down
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[ou] know row throw though
[] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
[:] course your four
our [au] our hour ours
[:] journey
ui
[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
在j l r s后
[u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词
aiay eiey [i] Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[]音或[i]。例如:neighbour serious famous
biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [n] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [n] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [n] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
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-sure [] pleasure measure
-ture [] picture culture

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音 字母或元音字组
仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如： everyday[ei] handbag[?] blackboard[:]
有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失 去其单独存在的意义，
融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如：
sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday[i] 假日
break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[] 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[:] ＞ cupboard[] 碗柜

九、辅字组的读音
辅字组 读 音 例 词
[b] bike bus bag
b
[] bomb tomb
c
[k] cake picture coat music
c在e前或在iy前
[s] face decide cinema
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[] much chick rich teacher
ch [k] school headache chemistry
[] machine Chicago
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
g
[] bag gardon go
g在e iy前
[] orange large German
[f] cough enough
gh
[] light daughter high
gu- -gue
[] guess league dialogue
gu在非重读音节中
[w] language anguish
[h] hot head house hand
h
[] hour honest
j [] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
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m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
n
[n] not shine ten note
n在[k] [g]音前
[] uncle thank hungry
-ng [] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前
[s] sit sleep desk
元音字母间或浊辅音前
[z] music husband
[sk] scarlet
sc-
[s] muscle science
sh [] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下
[t] ten letter meet
在弱读字母ia ie io前
[] patient nation
tch [] watch
th在通常情况下
[θ] thin thirty method
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
[] the these with than
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在词尾-the -ther中
tr-
v
[]
[tr]
[v]
[w]
clothe father weather
tree train country truck
very voice love leave
week win wake sweet wait
answer two
what when white why
who whose whole
box text exercise
examle exist exact
write
yes yard yellow young
puzzle zero zoo
w
[]
wh-
wh-在字母o前
x
在重读元音前
wr-
y-
z







十、英语语音名词解释
1．音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音
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[w]
[h]
[ks]
[gz]
[r]
[j]
[z]

节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [] [l]例外）。从单词拼写形
式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。
2．音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面
的音节，一个属于后面的音节。
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两 个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅
字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面 一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前
面一个音节。
例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
3．重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读
音时，应使用重 读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重
读符号。
4．开音节 ①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：
no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.
②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不 发音字母e构
成的重读音节。例如：nam
e
thes
e
bik
e
hom
e
ex-cus
e
.
5．闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读
音节。例如：ba
g
e
gg
fi
sh
no
t
cu
p

6．双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如：?stu-dent ?Chi-na ?sec-ond ?au-tumn in-?deed
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含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往 往是在第二个音节上重
读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：
a?bout be?fore ex?cuse re?pair for-?get-ful in-?ven-tor
7．多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如：?el-e-phant con-grat-u-?la-tion
词尾有- ic或-tion,-sion的词，在-ic或- sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。
例如：scien?tific im?pression ?nation


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