导游词用英语怎么说

导游词用英语怎么说


【篇一：浅析导游词英语翻译过程中的差异】

浅析导游词英语翻译过程中的差异

作者：于 君

来源：《现代交际》2010年第11期

［摘要］本文浅析了关于导游词在英语翻译中存在 的问题。通过分
析词语翻译的语境差异，词汇本义与引申的差异，成语阐译的差异
等，反映了导 游词翻译过程中的中英两种语言的不同。通过本文的
论述，我们了解了两种语言的差异，避免在翻译过程 中出现问题。
准确如实地翻译人文或自然景观情况，更好地使外国游客在观光过
程中领略中国独 特的旅游风光和魅力。

［关键词］导游词 英语翻译 语境差异

［中 图分类号］h315［文献标识码］a［文章编号］1009-5349
（2010）11－0048－ 01

一、导游词翻译过程中的语境差异

汉语是世界上最复杂的语言之 一。复杂之一便在于意义“语境”。语
境是各种各样的，所以中文的词义也是千变万化的。例如：“书” 的
英文是book，可是介绍中国女子擅长的“琴棋书画”中的“书”却是
handwriti ng或者callyigraphy。在导游词讲解翻译过程中，不要受
中文的约束，要时时留心意义语 境，这样才能确保译文的准确性。
例：“中国国家旅游局” china’s national tourism administration；
“世界旅游日”world tourist day。

同是旅游，前者和旅游业有关，后者和旅游者有关，只看文字的字
面意义，不注意它的实际含义 不了 解实际情况，不管文字出现的具
体场合，甚至按照字面的直译或意译，就会造成误译，给外国游客
留下错误的印象。翻译时不能受中文的约束，时时留意语境，才能
保证译文的准确性。可见中文的语境 意义是要格外引起注意的。

二、导游词翻译过程中的词汇本义和引申义的差异

在导游词翻译过程中有时会遇到某些词在词典上找不到适当的词义，
如果生搬硬套，不能确切 地表达原意，甚至会造成误解。这时要做
的是根据上下文，从该词的根本含义出发，进一步加以引申。引 申
意义也是脱离不了词的本义。如 “风景如画的西湖 ”。这里的“风景
如画”用什么词好？ “picturesque”是个不错的选择。“嵩山以习武著
称，又是佛教名山，山中寺院林立。”用 “galaxy（星系，银河）”这

个词引申一下表示“多”，这句话可译成：with a galaxy of
temples,the songshan mountain is one of china’s buddhist
shrines as well as a center of chinese material arts。由此可见，
在一定语境下，语言的引申很重要。

三、导游词翻译过程中成语直译与阐译的差异

两种语言毕竟存在差异，还有很多成语直译后得 不到相对应的成语。
当直译有困难或勉强译出，而英语游客又无法理解时，一般应采用
阐译法。 阐译主要是指在翻译时抓住内容和喻义这一重要方面，结
合上下文，比较灵活地表达原意。如：“上有天 堂，下有苏杭”如果
直译便是：heaven above hangzhou and suzhou below，这样外
国游客便会丈二和尚摸不到头脑。原文要表达的是举世无双的意思，
用阐译 法则译成：as there is a paradise in heaven,there are

hangzhou and suzhou on earth。这样外国游客就能 理解了。一
般说来，成语的主要意义并不等于构成该成语的各个单词之义的简
单叠加，而是要大 于它，甚至同它大相径庭。这就是：“熟悉的词用
于表达不熟悉的意思”。如下例中“鸡毛蒜皮”一词的 英译，光译这个
成语的形象是不能达意的，只好又加一句，点名形象的联想意义，
只是不免有些 累赘。例：“我们尽忙着鸡毛蒜皮的事，还没有顾得上
呢。”——“we haven’t had time,we’ve been too busy with
chicken feather and onion skin affairs,with light trivial matters!”

四、导游词翻译过程中的被动句翻译的主、被动差异

在导游词翻译中我们常会碰到被动句。汉语的被动句子，从结构上
来说，大体可以分为两类： 一类带有表达被动意义的标记；另一类
则不带这种标记。普通而常见的是后一类。不论属于哪一类，英译
时基本上仍可运用被动语态。例：“张家界被列入世界自然遗
产。”——

“zhangjiajie has been listed in the world natrual heritage list”。
这一类句子有的说出了动作的主动者，有的则没有说出。但不管哪种情况都着重被动的动作，这也是之所以用被动形式的原因。需要
注意的是中文里表示被动的不要老 在找“被”字，而是更要关注象
“挨”“由”“给”“予以”“遭到”“受到”“为”“所”等词作为被 动符号。例：
她深受大家的尊敬——she is greatly respected by everyone。

五、主动句翻译的主被动差异

在翻译导游词的时 候，不要受到中文主动句约束，有时可有意识地
运用被动语态。有些句子在形式上一般都有主语，也有动 词，但是
主语在实际上是谓语动词的动作承受着者，而不是执行者。动作执

行者 并未出现。这种句子结构上为主动句，而含义上是被动句。这
一类型被动句在汉语中大量存在，英译时一 般也要用被动语态来处
理。例：武汉的黄鹤楼初建于三国时期。——wuhan’s huanghelou
(yellow crane)tower,was originally built in the three kingdoms
period。上面的例句如果用被动语 态翻译比主动语态要更生动，所
以在导游翻译中大量的中文主动句要根据情况灵活地译成英语的被
动句。

六、结语

综上所述，为使旅游翻译同其他行业的翻译一样， 即突出行业特点
——准确如实地翻译，又能使外国游客在观光游览过程中领略中国
独特的旅游资 源，感受中华大地的秀美风光。导游员在导游词讲解
和翻译过程中，为了让国外游客看懂，听懂，使翻译 有针对性，弥
补翻译的不足，符合中国的实际情况，适合外国游客的口味，就要
最大限度地避免 因翻译的差异造成误解和错误，使得导游工作能够
顺利完成。

【篇二：杭州西湖导游词 英文翻译】


hangzhou--- the heaven on earth

--------by day day the great

“it’s the most wonderful place in the world, where makes you
feel in the heaven”, the famous italy traveler macro polo
describes the hangzhou in his memory. the saying goes that in
china---above is heaven, below is hangzhou. the reputation of
hangzhou lies in the picturesque west lake. the lake is
beautiful all year round, and the poet in song dynasty named
dongpo su highly praised the scenery. travelling in the west
lake, you can also wander along the street, try the delicious
dessert, and purchase some local products.

the su dam and white dam are of the most famous scenic
spots in china. they divided the lake into halves, seemed like
two fluttering green ribbons, surrounded by mountain and
forests with some house lets. there are there islands in the
center of the lake: ruangong, huxin, and yingzhou.

hangzhou is one of the six ancient capitals in china, and it
last 2,000 years history. not only famous for the natural
scenery and cultural charm, but also for its delicacy, crafts,
and calligraphy of historical figures.

as the silk city of china, there are all kinds of silk products;
tapestry is the especially beautiful one among them. other
specialties are black- paper-fans, silk umbrella, and west lake
longjing tea.

generally, the appropriate time for going sightseeing near the
west lake in hangzhou should be two days, and the travel
provides you with cheerful mood and cultural enjoyment.

【原文】

杭州--- 人间天堂

苏堤和白堤把西湖一分为二，仿佛两条绿色的缎带，飘逸于碧波之
上。湖 中心有三个小岛：阮公墩，湖心亭和小瀛洲。湖水泛着涟漪，
四周山林茂密，点缀着楼台亭阁，是我国最 有名的旅游景点之一。

杭州是中国著名的六大古都之一，已有两千多年的历史。杭州不仅< br>以自然美景闻名，而且有着传统文化的魅力。不仅有历代文人墨客
的题咏，而且有美味佳

肴和漂亮的工艺品。

杭州是中国的“丝绸之府”，丝绸产品品种繁多，其中以织锦 尤为引
人注目。杭州还生产黑纸扇和檀香扇。其他特产有西湖绸伞和中国
十大名茶之一的西湖龙 井。

一般来说，游览西湖及其周围景点花上两天时间较为合适，到杭州
旅游，既令 人愉悦，又能得到文化享受。

(ps: 祝您的英语学习有趣而丰富多姿o(∩_∩)o~)

2013-3-27

【篇三：黄山导游词英文对照翻译】


黄山导游词英文对照

各位游客大家好，欢迎来到美丽的黄山旅游，首先做一下自我介绍，
我是来自安徽旅行社的导 游员王兵。大家可依叫我小王或王导。今
天能有我带领大家一起游览我到十分荣幸。在游览过程中大家有 什
么需求或建议请及时告诉我，我会尽最大努力帮助大家。我旁边的
这位就是我们的司机高师傅 ，高师傅是一位经验丰富也很有责任心
的人，所以乘坐她的车大家可以尽管放心，再次预祝大家旅途愉快 ，
高兴而来满意而归。

时间过得真快，我们的车已经到达目的地了，请大家拿好自 己的物
品随我下车，下车请注意安全。现在我们所在的位置就是黄山的大
门，大家请看这座彩色 牌楼，上面的“黄山”两字看起来刚劲有力，

那是我们陈毅元帅的书法。大家知道黄山这 个名字是怎么来的吗？
对，这位朋友说的对，是唐明皇赐封的。其实黄山原来不叫这个名
字，它 叫“黟山”黟是由黑和多组成，因为黄山上石头又黑又多，所
以取名黟山。相传中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝 在这里采药炼丹，沐浴
汤泉最后得道成仙。唐明皇李隆基非常相信这一传说，于是在唐天
宝六年 也就是公元７４７年改黟山为黄山，并一直沿用至今

俗话说“五岳归来不看山，”，黄山是 魅力有那么大吗？要是领略过
黄山五绝，你就不得不赞美她的美了。朋友们有谁知到黄山五绝是
哪五绝呢？这位朋友说的对，就是奇松，怪石，云海，温泉和冬景。
好了说了这么多大家一定迫不及待想 要目睹她的风采了吧！好了，
大家先排好队，景区交通在等着咱们呢，我们先乘坐公交到云谷寺，
再坐缆车到始信峰，小王将陪同大家去领略黄山美景，请大家排队
上车，注意安全别着急，黄山美景就 在眼前，马上我们就能看到。

云谷寺到了，请大家注意安全随我下车。嗨朋友们这边有个歌 厅想
要唱歌的朋友请到这边来，十分钟后我们到这里集合，排队等候缆
车——哦十分钟过去了， 大家都打起了吧！咱们上缆车，始信峰到
了，请大家拿好自己的行李下车。始信峰海拔１６８３米，在黄 山
３６大峰中排行第３５名，算是个小老弟，但他的风姿卓越，既有
阳刚之气又有阴柔之美，充 满了诗情画意，就连他的名字也充满了
传奇色彩。相传古时候有位先生云游与此，感觉好像进入画境，但
又真真切切确实存在，这才相信黄山风景美丽奇绝，于是题了一幅
对联“岂有此理，说也不信， 真正绝妙，到此方知”。意思就是说到
了始信峰才相信皇上天下奇，于是始信峰这个名字就叫开了

常言道：不到始信峰不见黄山松。是信封上的奇松是最奇妙的，接
下来我就带领大家一起 去欣赏着奇特的黄山松，大家仔细瞧瞧这颗
古松，是不是很像一个人张开着手臂，这就是接迎松，它正在 热情
的欢迎咱们呢！朋友们在卡这棵松树，她的五根粗壮的支根全部裸
露在外，像苍龙的坚爪很 有威严的气势，这就是龙爪松旁边这里还
有一株竖琴松，传说曾有几位仙人在这里饮酒抚琴，自在游乐正 在
欢畅痛饮的时候，突然听见上天的召唤于是立刻返回了天庭，由于
走的匆忙把琴留在了人间， 后来这把仙琴酒化作了松树，也就是我
们眼前这颗竖琴松。听完了

竖琴松的传说，我 们再来看看更有魅力的黑虎松，相传早先有位僧
人路过这里忽然看见一只黑虎卧于松顶，一转眼这只黑虎 便不知去
向留下这颗古松，于是便给它取名黑虎松。看完了黑虎松我们再来

欣赏 享有松魅之称的连理松这颗古松象征爱情的忠贞不渝，看扣栏
上已被扣了千万把锁，大家可以在这拍照留 恋。好了 看了这么多相
信大家都累了吧？希望大家中午吃好喝好，下午我们将继续我们的
行程。

huangshan mountain

hello, every visitor. welcome to beautiful huangshan mountain.
at first, please allow me to introduce myself. i’m your tour
guide wang ping from anhui travel service. you can call me
xiao wang or guide wang. i’m honored to lead you to visit
today. if you have any demand or advice during this tour,
please tell me immediately. i’ll do my best to help you. next to
me is our driver master gao. she is a highly experienced and
responsible person, so you can rest assured on her bus. again
wish you a happy tour. you came here joyfully and you will
have a satisfying trip.

as the saying goes, “return from the five great mountains and
then you won’t go to see other mountain; return from
huangshan mountain and then you won’t go to see the five
great mountains”. is it so charming of huangshan mountain? if
you have experienced the five wonders, you’ll have to admire
her beauty. does anyone know what the five wonders really are?
you get it right. they are strangely-shaped pines, grotesque
rock

formations, seas of clouds, hot springs and winter scenery.
well, everyone must want to see her beauty in haste after the
introduction. ok, please stand in line. the transportation of the
scenic area is waiting for us.

we’ll take bus to cloud valley temple, and get to shixin peak by
cable car. i will accompany you to have a taste of the beautiful
scenery. please get on the bus in line. don’t worry and keep
safety. the beautiful scenery is right before your eyes and we’ll
see it right away.

here is cloud valley temple. please get off the bus following
me. there is a singing hall. anyone who wants to sing could
come this way. we’ll assemble here in ten minutes and queue
up for cable car. now, ten minutes have passed. everybody is
here. we get on the cable car and now here is shixin peak.
please take your belongings and get off the car.

shixin peak is 1683 meters above sea level, ranking 35th in 36
main peaks of huangshan mountain and being the little brother
of all the peaks. however, its charm is very remarkable, having
both masculine and feminine characteristics, full of poetic
beauty. even the name of it is legendary. it is said that in
ancient times, a man wandered here, feeling like coming into a
picture. however, everything was just real. only then did he
believe the wonder of the beautiful scenery. so he wrote a
chinese couplet “岂有此理，说也不信，真正绝妙，到此方知”
which means that he didnt believe the wonder of huangshan
mountain until he saw shixin peak. since then the name shixin
peak spread widely.

as the saying goes, you won’t see huangshan pine until in
shixin peak. the pines in shixin peak are really grotesque. next
i will lead you to admire the grotesque huangshan pines.
everybody, please watch carefully. is this ancient pine like a
man opening his arms? this is greeting pine with a hearty
welcome for us. look at this pine and you will find its five
strong rootlets are exposing in the air, just like the firm claws
of black dragon, having a dignified air. this is the dragon claw
pine. over here is a harp pine. legend has it that several
immortals were drinking and playing the harp here, just
amusing themselves. when they drank happily, they heard the
sudden call of heaven. therefore they returned to the court of
heaven immediately. in a hurry they left the harp there. then
this harp turned into a pine, namely this harp pine before us.
having heard the story of the harp pine, we can have a look of
this charming black tiger pine. according to legend in the past
a monk passed here and saw a black tiger lie on the top of a
pine. in a second the black tiger disappeared without a trace
and the pine was left. so he named the pine black tiger pine.
next we will see the couple pine with the reputation of being
the spirit of the pine. this ancient pine symbolizes unswerving
loyalty of love. the fences have been buckled tens of
thousands of locks. we can take photos here.

well, i believe that everybody must be tired now. have a good
lunch and we will continue in the afternoon.