模具设计与制造毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献

资源管理）、MIS（模具制造管理信息系统）及 INTERMET 平台等信息网络技术的
应用、推广及发展。 （4）高速、高精、复合模具加工技术的研究与应用。例如
超精冲压模具制造技术、精密塑料和压铸模具制造技术等。 （5）提高模具生产
效率、降低成本和缩短模具生产周期的各种快速经济模具制造技术。 （6）先进< br>制造技术的应用。例如热流道技术、气辅技术、虚拟技术、纳米技术、高速扫描
技术、逆向工程、 并行工程等技术在模具研究、开发、加工过程中的应用 （7）
原材料在模具中成形的仿真技术。 （8）先进的模具加工和专有设备的研究与开
发。 （9）模具及模具标准件、重要辅件的标准化技术。 （10）模具及其制品的
检测技术。 （11）优质、新型模具材料的研究与开发及其正确应用。 （12）模
具生产企业的现代化管理技术。 模具行业在“十一五”期间需要解决的重点关键
技 术应是模具信息化、数字化技术和精密、超精、高速、高效制造技术方面的突
破。 随着国民经济总量和 工业产品技术的不断发展，各行各业对模具的需求量越
来越大，技术要求也越来越高。虽然模具种类繁多 ，但其发展重点应该是既能满
足大量需要，又有较高技术含量，特别是目前国内尚不能自给，需大量进口 的模
具和能代表发展方向的大型、精密、复杂、长寿命模具。模具标准件的种类、数
量、水平、 生产集中度等对整个模具行业的发展有重大影响。因此，一些重要的
模具标准件也必须重点发展，而且其 发展速度应快于模具的发展速度，这样才能
不断提高我国模具标准化水平，从而提高模具质量，缩短模具 生产周期，降低成
本。由于我国的模具产品在国际市场上占有较大的价格优势，因此对于出口前景
好的模具产品也应作为重点来发展。根据上述需要量大、技术含量高、代表发展
方向、出口前景好的原 则选择重点发展产品，而且所选产品必须目前已有一定技
术基础，属于有条件、有可能发展起来的产品。 根据“十一五”模具行业发展规
划，“十一五”期间模具产品发展重点主要有如下几类： （1）汽车覆盖件模具 冲
压模具占模具总量的 40以上。汽车覆盖件模具主要为汽车配套，也包括为 农用车、
工程机械和农机配套的覆盖件模具，它在冲压模具中具有很大的代表性，模具大
都是大 中型，结构复杂，技术要求高。尤其是为轿车配套的覆盖件模具，要求更
高，可以代表冲压模具的水平。 此类模具我国已有一定的技术基础，已为中档轿
车配套，但水平还不高，能力不足，目前满足率只有一半 左右。中高档轿车覆盖
件模具主要依靠进口，已成为汽车发展的瓶颈，极大的影响着车型开发。 （2）
精密冲压模具 多工位级进模和精冲模代表了冲压模具的发展方向，精度要求寿命
要求极 高，主要为电子工业、汽车、仪器仪表、电机电器等配套。这两种模具，
国内已有相当基础，并已引进了 国外技术及设备，个别企业生产的产品已达到世
界水平，但大部分企业仍有较大差距，供应总量不足，进 口很多。 （3）大型精
密塑料模具 塑料模具占模具总量近 40，而且这个比例还在上升。塑料模具 中为
汽车和家电配套的大型注塑模具，为集成电路配套的塑封模，为电子信息产业和
机械及包装 配套的多层、多腔、多材质、多色精密注塑模，为新型建材及节水农
业配套的塑料异型材挤出模及管路和 喷头模具等，目前虽然已有相当技术基础并
正在快速发展，但技术水平与国外仍有较大差距，总量供不应 求，每年的进口额

达几亿美元。 （4）主要模具标准件 目前国内已有较大产量的模具 标准件主要是
模架、导向件、推杆推管、弹性元件等。这些产品不但国内配套大量需要，出口
前 景也很好，应继续大力发展。氮气缸和热流道元件主要依靠进口，应在现有基
础上提高水平，形成标准并 组织规模化生产。 （5）其他高技术含量的模具 占模
具总量给 8的压铸模具中，大型薄壁精密压铸 技术含量高，难度大。镁合金压铸
模具目前虽然刚起步，但发展前景好，有代表性。子午线橡胶轮胎模具 也是发展
方向，其中活络模技术难度最大。与快速成型技术相结合的一些快速制模技术及
相应的 快速经济模具具有很好的发展前景。这些高技术含量的模具在“十一五”
期间也应重点发展。

Mold design and manufacture
The mold is the manufacturing industry important craft foundation in
ourcountry the mold manufacture belongs to the special purpose
equipmentmanufacturing industry. China although very already starts to
make the mold and theuse mold but long-term has not formed the industry.
Straight stabs 0 centuries 80slater periods the Chinese mold industry only
then drives into the developmentspeedway. Recent years not only the
state-owned mold enterprise had the very bigdevelopment the three
investments enterprise the villages and towns individual themold
enterprises development also quite rapid . Although the Chinese mold
industrial development rapid but compares with thedemand obviously falls
short of demand its main gap concentrates precisely tolarge-scale is
complex the long life mold domain. As a result of in aspect and so onmold
precision life manufacture cycle and productivity China and the
internationalaverage horizontal and the developed country still had a
bigger disparity thereforeneeded massively to import the mold every year .
The Chinese mold industry except must continue to sharpen the
productivityfrom now on will have emphatically to the profession internal
structure adjustmentand the state-of- art enhancement. The structure
adjustment aspect mainly is theenterprise structure to the specialized
adjustment the product structure to center theupscale mold development to
the import and export structure improvement centerthe upscale automobile
cover mold forming analysis and the structure improvementthe multi-purpose
compound mold and the compound processing and the lasertechnology in the
mold design manufacture application the high-speed cutting
thesuperfinishing and polished the technology the information direction
develops . The recent years the mold profession structure adjustment and
the organizationalreform step enlarges mainly displayed in large-scale
precise was complex the longlife center the upscale mold and the mold
standard letter development speed is higherthan the common mold product
The plastic mold and the compression casting moldproportion increases
Specialized mold factory quantity and its productivity increasequotThe
three investmentsquot and the private enterprise develops rapidly The joint
stocksystem transformation step speeds up and so on. Distributes from the
area lookedtake Zhujiang Delta and Yangtze River delta as central southeast
coastal areadevelopment quickly to mid-west area south development quickly

to north. Atpresent develops quickest the mold produces the most
centralized province isGuangdong and Zhejiang places such as Jiangsu
Shanghai Anhui and Shandong alsohas a bigger development in recent years .
Although our country mold total quantity had at present achieved the
suitablescale the mold level also has the very big enhancement after but
design manufacturehorizontal overall rise and fall industry developed
country and so on Yu De Americadate France Italy many. The current existence
question and the disparity mainlydisplay in following several aspects: 1
The total quantity falls short of demand Domestic mold assembling oneself
rate only about 70. Low-grade mold center upscale mold assembling oneself
rate only has 50 about . 2 The enterprise organizational structure the
product structure the technicalstructure and the import and export
structure does not gather Iin our country mold production factory to be
most is from the labor moldworkshop which produces assembles oneself branch
factory from producesassembles oneself the proportion to reach as high as
about 60 but the overseas moldultra 70 is the commodity mold. The
specialized mold factory mostly is quotlarge andcompletequot quotsmall and
entirequot organization form but overseas mostly is quotsmall
butquotquotis specially small and finequot. Domestic large-scale precise
complex the long lifemold accounts for the total quantity proportion to
be insufficient 30 but overseas in50 above 2004 years ratio of the mold
import and export is 3.7:1 the import andexport balances the after net
import volume to amount to 1.32 billion US dollars isworld mold net import
quantity biggest country . 3 The mold product level greatly is lower than
the international standard The production cycle actually is higher than
the international water broadproduct level low mainly to display in the
mold precision cavity aspect and so onsurface roughness life and structure .
4 Develops the ability badly economic efficiency unsatisfactory our
countrymold enterprise technical personnel proportion low The level is
lower also does not take the product development frequently is inthe passive
position in the market. Our country each mold staff average year
creationoutput value approximately ten thousand US dollars overseas mold
industrydeveloped country mostly 15 to10000 US dollars some reach as high
as 25 to10000US dollars relative is our country quite part of molds
enterprises also continues to usethe workshop type management with it truly
realizes the enterprise which themodernized enterprise manages few To
create the above disparity the reason to be very many the mold long-term
hasnot obtained the value besides the history in as the product which should

have as wellas the most state-owned enterprises mechanism cannot adapt the
market economy butalso has the following several reasons: . 1 Country to
mold industry policy support dynamics also insufficiently Although the
country already was clear about has promulgated the moldprofession
industrial policy but necessary policy few carried out dynamics to beweak.
At present enjoyed the mold product increment duty enterprise nation 185
themajority enterprise still the tax burden is only overweight. The mold
enterprise carrieson the technological transformations introduction
equipment to have to pay theconsiderable amount the tax money affects the
technology advancement moreoverprivately operated enterprise loan
extremely difficult . 2 Talented person serious insufficient the scientific
research development andthe technical attack investment too urine Mold
profession is the technology the fund the work crowded industry alongwith
the time progress and the technical development grasps the talented
personwhich and skilled utilizes the new technology exceptionally short
the high-qualitymold fitter and the enterprise management talent extremely
is also anxious. Becausethe mold enterprise benefit unsatisfactory and
takes insufficiently the scientificresearch development and the technical
attack the scientific research unit and theuniversities colleges and
institutes eye stares at is creating income causes the moldprofession
invests too few in the scientific research development and the
technicalattack aspect causes the mold technological development step not
to be bigprogresses not quick . 3 The craft equipment level to be low also
necessary is not good the use factorlow recent years our country engine
bed profession progressed quickly has been ableto provide the quite
complete precision work equipment but compared with theoverseas equipment
still had a bigger disparity. Although the domestic manyenterprises have
introduced many overseas advanced equipment but the overallequipment level
low are very more than the overseas many enterprises. As a result ofaspect
the and so on system and fund reason introduces the equipment not
notnecessary the equipment and the appendix not necessary phenomenon are
extremelycommon the equipment utilization rate low question cannot obtain
the comparativelyproperly solu.