大学四级-1797

大学四级-1797
(总分：710.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)
ions:
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture
below. You should start your essay with a brief account of misbehaviors of Chinese tourists abroad
and then explain what the causes of these uncivilized behaviors are. You should write at least
120 words but no more than 180 words.





（分数：106.50）
_________________________________________________ _________________________________________
正确答案：(
Improper Behavior of Chinese Tourists

Chinese tourists have been frequently reported to have improper behaviors when traveling abroad.
As a result, China's national image is stained. When expressing our detest to these phenomena,
we should also find the reasons behind them and try to figure out ways to avoid the occurrences
of such incidents in the future.
There are three main reasons devoting to these phenomena. First, nowadays, people are lacking
in collectivist awareness. They just care about if they can enjoy the journey to the utmost, without
caring how serious the harm their misbehaviors do to our national image. Second, conformist
mentality also worsens the situation. If a member of a package tour has some uncivilized behavior,
the other members tend to copy what he or she does. Last, weak country mentality makes people
unwilling to obey the laws of other countries.
In conclusion, Chinese tourists have a lot to improve and to learn before going abroad. Every
Chinese should realize we ourselves are part of Chinese nationality. Our national dignity should
be preserved by each individual.)
解析：
二、Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)
（分数：35.50）
(1).A. Have dinner with friends. B. Go out with several friends.
C. Stay home watching football game. D. Stay home and do some housework.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[听力原文]
W: I'm having several friends over for dinner this Saturday. And I was wondering if you have the
time to join us.
M: Saturday? Sorry, I can't go out on this Saturday evening. World Cup final is on that night.
Q: What will the man going to do on Saturday night?

[解析] 推理判断题。男士说周六晚上不能外出，当晚有世界杯总决赛，所 以可以推知他在周六晚上要待在
家里看比赛。故选C。
(2).A. Driving a car. B. Asking the direction.
C. Doing something wrong. D. Looking for the flyover bridge.（分数：7.10）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
M: Where on earth are we? We are completely lost. What did I do wrong? Did I take a wrong turn?
W: I'm not sure, but I think you turned right when you should have turned left on the flyover
bridge.
Q: What is the man doing?

[解析] 推理判断题。男士说“我们已经完全迷路了”，并问女士是不是之 前转错了弯，女士说可能在立交
桥的时候应该往左，而你却往右了，由此不难判断男士是在开车。故选A 。
(3).A. That company is not so good.
B. He is going to study in school.
C. It is far away from his home.
D. He hasn't so much time for that work.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[听力原文]
W: Your last job is so good, but why did you quit that and apply for this one?
M: Because the company is far away from home, and I have to study after work so I can't afford
to waste time on the road every day.
Q: Why did the man leave his last company?

[解析] 细节理解题。男士说之前的公司离家太远，上下班占用时间太多，耽误他的学习时 间，所以他辞职
了。故选C。
(4).A. Go to the pharmacy. B. Take some medicine.
C. Go to bed for sleep. D. Drink plenty cold water.（分数：7.10）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
W: I feel pain here whenever I drink something cold. It's a sharp pain like someone is sticking
a needle in my tooth.
M: Take this prescription to the medicine store for the medication. After taking it, go to bed
right away. There's nothing better for you than plenty of water and sleep.
Q: What is the first thing the woman is going to do?

[解析] 细节理解题。男士(医生)要女士(患者)先拿着药 方去药店拿药，吃完药之后上床休息。所以女士首
先要做的就是去店。故选A。
(5).A. He is glad the woman enjoyed the dinner very much.
B. There is no need to thank him for yesterday's dinner.

C. The woman has had a wrong number.
D. There is something wrong with the telephone.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[听力原文]
W: Mr. Smith, This is Lily. I'm calling to thank you for the wonderful dinner we had yesterday.
I enjoyed it very much.
M: Lady, I don't think I am the right man you want to thank. Maybe you should check the telephone
number.
Q: What does the man mean?

[解析] 推理判断题。女士打电话给男士表示谢意，男士说 自己不是那个她想感谢的人，她应该好好看看有
没有弄错号码，男士其实是委婉地告诉女士她打错电话了 。故选C。
（分数：21.30）
(1).A. The woman wants to find her roommate a boyfriend.
B. The man likes girls with beautiful face and good personality.
C. The man doesn't believe that beautiful girl will fall in love with him.
D. The man has just confronted his love failure.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[听力原文]
W: Are you interested in helping me out and going on a blind date with a roommate of mine? She's
got a beautiful face and very good personality.
M: You really will comfort people; unfortunately you still cannot bring me from the pain of the
love failure.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?

[解析] 推理判断题。女士希望男士能跟她的室友去相亲，并补充说她室友很漂亮，性格很 好。但是男士却
说，虽然你所说的很安慰人，但是这样并不能让我从失恋的痛苦中解救出来。由此可知， 男士刚刚经历失
恋，女士想帮助他走出失恋的痛苦。故选D。
(2).A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent.
C. Pleased. D. Surprised.（分数：7.10）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
W: Look at the news on the front page. A man fell asleep on the sofa and when he woke up, half
his face had been bitten off!
M: Well, I guess he's looking forward to Halloween so he isn't the only one wearing a mask.
Q: How does the man feel about the news?

[解析] 推理判断题。男士面对这样不幸的新闻，竟然还开玩笑说“他肯定很期待万圣节，因为那一天 不再
只有他一个人戴面具了。”说明男士对这个新闻很冷漠，对别人的不幸漠不关心。故选B。

(3).A. 808 dollars. B. 792 dollars.
C. 1,000 dollars. D. 200 dollars.（分数：7.10）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
W: Excuse me, what's the maximum amount that I am allowed to have in an overdraft?
M: The maximum is $$1,000. If you have an overdraft, you will have to pay 1% interest on the amount.
It's a much lower rate than any of our loans and it's much better than owing money to most credit
cards.
Q: If the man overdraft $$800, how much should he pay back in total?

[解析] 数字计算题。女士告诉男士透支的最高额是1000美元，利息是透支额的百分之一，所以如 果男士
透支800美元的话，他最后一共需要还808美元。故选A。
（分数：28.40）
(1).A. The young people are talking fast with a lot of slang.
B. He doesn't like young people's talking way.
C. He is not familiar with the topic they are discussing.
D. He doesn't know what exactly their stand is.（分数：7.10）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
W: Now you've been in America for a while. Do you watch TV in English or in Chinese?
M: I watch TV in Chinese, but if it's on in English I will watch it in English.
W: Um, how good is your comprehension? How much can you understand?
M: If it's a drama I can understand most of what's happening, and definitely the story, 9but if
a talk show and there're young people on and there're speaking fast, with a lot of slang. I don't
really understand a lot of what they're saying. Although I might know what topic they're discussing.
I won't know what exactly their stand is.
W: Many people claim that they don't have time to work out or cook healthy meals, yet they do
find the time to park themselves in front of the TV. What do you think of that?
M: I think that TV is bad for people. Because instead of reading a book or doing something outside,
or doing something productive, you just sit in front of a TV and absorb bad information or things
that don't really help you learn anything probably, 10although American television I think does
have a lot of good documentaries and a lot of informative television programs.
W: 11If you can't commit to a night out with your friends because you don't want to miss the latest
episode of your favorite show, you may have an addiction to TV. Are you addicted to TV?
M: 12I don't watch TV too much, and have no addiction to it, but the computer is my problem.

Why the man can't really understand a lot of talk shows?

[解析] 事实细节题。男士说脱口秀里有年轻人说的太决，并且 夹带很多俚语，他就不怎么能听懂了，也许
能听出话题是什么，但不知道说话人的立场和观点。故选A。
(2).A. He thinks it is meaningless. B. He is critical about it.
C. He holds an indifferent view. D. He thinks highly of it.（分数：7.10）
A.

B.
C.
D. √
解析：[听力原文]
What's the man's attitude to American TV?

[解析] 事实细节题。男士说美国电视有很多精品纪录片和信息丰富的栏目，由此可推断男士对美国电 视的
评价颇高。故选D。
(3).A. Always find time to park in front of the TV.
B. Stay home just for watching the latest episode of the favorite show.
C. Keep on absorbing bad information or things that don't help.
D. Watching lots of TV drama.（分数：7.10）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
What is the sign of TV addiction according to the woman?

[解析] 推理判断题。女士最后说如 果你为了追一集电视剧而宁愿放弃晚上跟朋友们出去玩，说明你电视上
瘾，所以根据女士的说法，电视上 瘾的表现之一就是为了追电视剧而宅在家里。故选B。
(4).A. He may has an addiction to TV.
B. He likes to watch TV dramas.
C. He may has an addiction to computers.
D. He can't miss the latest episode of his favorite show.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[听力原文]
What can we know about the man from the conversation?

[解析] 理解判断题。男士最后说了一句“我看电视的时间少，我没有对电视上瘾，但是我的问题是电 脑。
由此可以推断，他很有可能对电脑上瘾，要不然电脑不会成为他的问题。故选C。
（分数：21.30）
(1).A. Using the search engine.
B. From the TV commercials.
C. Hearing from someone else.
D. Looking up in International Trade Statistics Database.（分数：7.10）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
M: 13We have learned from Google that you're one of the leading import and export companies in
China.
W: We are importing and exporting a wide range of goods. 14And we have been in this line for more
than 20 years. Our main products are home appliances. In recent years, demands from abroad are
getting much higher.

M: You're right. And quality yet inexpensive consumer goods from China have enriched the markets
of the world and have been well received by people. And people in my country love audio and video
equipments more and more, especially those made in China. This time I hope to place a large order
for Chinese audio and video equipments.
W: I think you've found a fight company. 14Our audio and video equipments enjoy a high reputation
in the southeast Asian market. They also sell very well in the USA and Europe. We offer many
different bands and models, good quality and reasonable prices.
M: 15Can you send me a booklet about your company and your latest audio and video equipments?
I want to know more about your company and your products.
W: OK. I will send you an electronic version of our latest catalogue immediately.
M: Thank you! If the quality proves to be satisfactory, there is no question of large order. 15And
by the way, may I have an indication of the price?
W: Yes, of course, 15I will send you our latest price sheet. As you will see from our price sheet,
our prices are very favorable.

By what means did the man find the Chinese company?

[解析] 事实细节题。男士第一句话直接指出“我们通过Google得知贵公司是中国顶尖的进出口 贸易公司”，
因此男士是通过搜索引擎找到该家中国公司的。故选A。
(2).A. It is a leading import and export company in China.
B. It's been engaged in foreign trade for more than 20 years.
C. Its main products are home appliances.
D. It has excellent reputation in the world market.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[听力原文]
Which of the following is not true about the Chinese company?

[解析] 理解判断题。女士只是说其公司的音频和视频设备畅销东南亚，并且在欧美也卖得不错，但并 没有
说公司享誉全球。故选D。
(3).A. Samples of the audio and video equipments.
B. Audio and video equipments manual.
C. Price-list and catalogue of the audio and video equipments.
D. Electronic version of the company information.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[听力原文]
What is the woman going to send by the man's request?

[解析] 事实细节题。 男士第一次要求女士将其公司音频与视频设备的产品名录发给他一份，后面又提出能
否将价目表也发一份 ，因此女士要发给男士的东西是：音频与视频设备的产品名录和价目表。故选C。
四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)
（分数：21.30）

(1).A. $$9.6 million. B. $$0.27 million.
C. $$0.9 million. D. $$87 million.（分数：7.10）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
Thousands of people began pouring into Las Vegas from other places. They wanted to buy lottery
tickets. 16The tickets cost only $$0.9 each. But that small spending could bring them a reward
of $$90 million. That was the second largest lottery reward in history. More than 87 million tickets
were bought for the Las Vegas lottery drawing. Those who bought tickets had to choose seven numbers
from 1 to 80. The chance of winning was one in 9.6 million, but that little chance certainly didn't
affect ticket sales. 16In the last few days before the drawing, tickets were selling at the
unbelievable rate of 500 per second.
Experts say many people buy lottery tickets because they just want to have a piece of the action.
Others say the lottery is a stock market for poor people. It allows them to dream about wealth
they'll probably never have.
But many people believe lotteries are no better than legalized gambling. Some critics note that
most people who play are poor and may not be able to afford the tickets. There are also many addicts
who take the game seriously. 17They may pour their life savings into lottery tickets. Some clubs
have been formed to help them kick the habit.
18Politicians like lotteries because they provide money that would otherwise have to come from
new taxes. The profits from lotteries are usually used to pay for education or programs for senior
citizens. But critics say this arrangement just allows states to legalize vice, under the name
of social progress. No matter whether you regard state lotteries right or not, you cannot refuse
to accept their extreme popularity with many Americans.

In the last few days before drawing, how much money would the selling of lottery tickets bring
in just 10 minutes?

[解析] 数字计算题。文中提到每张彩票的售价是0.9美元， 在购彩截止最后几天，平均一秒钟可以卖出
500张。所以10分钟就可以卖出0.9×10×60×5 00=27万美元。故选B。
(2).A. Join a support group. B. Kick the habit.
C. Win the lottery. D. Save every cent.（分数：7.10）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
What should people who are addicted to playing lotteries do?

[解析] 推理判断题。文中提到许多彩迷为了购彩已经倾尽所有，社会上已经出现了专门帮助彩迷戒瘾 的机
构，因此不难推测沉迷于彩票的人应该去除掉这。个不良倾向。故选B。
(3).A. Because lotteries can bring a lot of taxes.
B. Because lotteries help the poor get wealth.
C. Because profits from lotteries can be usually used to pay for education.
D. Because they have bought vast quantities of lottery tickets.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.

C. √
D.
解析：[听力原文]
Why do politicians like to see lotteries get their extreme popularity with Americans?

[解析] 综合理解题。文章最后一段说政客们喜欢彩票是因为它可 以带来丰厚的收益，如果没有彩票的话，
他们就得开辟其他征税渠道。故选C。
六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)
（分数：21.30）
(1).A. For five months. B. For two months.
C. For three months. D. For four months.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[听力原文]
Tim, aged 33, and Dom, aged 30, both from England, were keen on sailing. They made a plan to row
across the Pacific Ocean from Japan to San Francisco. The name of their boat was
about seven meters long and two meters wide, with only a small cabin for protection against storms,
sea, sun and wind.
19They set out from Japan on May 17, 2011. They took it in turn to row two hours on two hours
off, non-stop, day and night, 19They had rowed nearly 5,500 miles when their boat was hit by a
fishing ship on September 17, 2011. Luckily they both escaped unharmed, but their boat was badly
damaged and they had to abandon their journey.
In a radio interview, Dom expressed his disappointment and explained how the accident took place.

quickly. I managed to dive into the water. Tim felt it would be safer to stay on board. He was
trapped inside as the boat was driven under the water. Finally some people appeared on the ship
and saw me in the water. I shouted at them to stop the ship and to get Tim out. When the ship
stopped, I eventually saw Tim, and I was very, very happy that we were still alive. We were very
disappointed that we couldn't reach San Francisco. 21But we are alive. That above everything is
the most important.

How long had Tim and Dora been at sea when their boat was hit by a fishing boat?

[解析] 理解计算题。文中提 到他们在2011年5月17日正式从日本出发，航行5500英里后，于2011年9
月17日遇到撞 船。事故，所以他们在出事故之前恰好航行了4个月。故选D。
(2).A. Tim and Dom were too careless.
B. The speed of the fishing ship was too fast.
C. Nobody on the fishing ship saw them.
D. Their rowboat was not strong enough.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[听力原文]
According to Dom, what is the main reason for the accident?

[解析] 事实细节题。Dom在解释事故是怎么发生的时候，说“一艘渔船朝我们开来 。当时渔船的驾驶室里
没有人，所以就把我们撞翻了”，由此可知事故的主要原因是渔船上的人没有看见 他们。故选C。
(3).A. Their rowboat was not damaged.
B. Both of them existed after a dangerous time.
C. They enjoyed this journey.
D. They failed to reach San Francisco.（分数：7.10）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
What is the most important thing in this accident according to Dom?

[解析] 事实细节题。Dom 说他看到自己和Tim都还活着，感到很高兴，并且认为“我们活着是最重要的”。
故选B。
七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)
（分数：28.40）
(1).A. 780 watts. B. 760 watts.
C. 800 watts. D. 600 watts.（分数：7.10）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
Electrical devices could soon use power made by human energy. Scientists say they have developed
an experimental device that produces electricity from the physical movement of a person walking.
British scientist Max and other scientists in Canada and the United States developed the device.
The device connects to a person's knee. As the person walks, the device captures energy each time
the person slows down. The movements of the walking person push parts of a small machine that
produces electricity. Using the device, 22an adult walking quickly could produce thirteen wars
of electricity in just a minute. Max says walking at that speed could produce enough power to
operate a laptop computer for six minutes.
There are several possible uses for the device. Developers say it could help people who work in
areas without electricity to operate small computers. 23The device could also be used in hospitals
to operate heart pacemakers; it could even be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and
legs.
24The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but it is too
costly for most people to buy, but the researchers hope to make a lighter, less costly version,
an improved version should be ready in one year.
A similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome of the University of Pennsylvania; He created
a bag carried on a person's back that also produces power from walking. 25The knee device does
not produce as much electricity as the bag, but the bag requires the walker to carry a load of
twenty to thirty kilograms.

If an adult keeps fast walking for one hour, how much power can be produced?

[解析] 数字计算题。文中说一个成年 人快走一分钟可以产生13瓦特的电量，所以一小时可以产生780瓦
的能量。故选A。

(2).A. Helping housewives operate the washing machine.
B. Making it much easier for us to go online.
C. Producing more electricity than that invented by Larry Rome.
D. Being applied in medical fields to operate heart pacemakers.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[听力原文]
From the passage, how can the electrical device be applied?

[解析] 事实 细节题。文章指出该装置可应用于医院来运行心脏起搏器。A选项文中没有提到，B选项找不
到根据(虽 然文章说该装置可以为小型电脑提供电量，但没有说方便人们上网)，C选项是错误的。故选D。
(3).A. It is too heavy for the walker to bear.
B. It is too complex for people to use.
C. It is too expensive for most people to afford.
D. It will slow down one's walking speed.（分数：7.10）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[听力原文]
What is the disadvantage of the experimental version of the device?

[解析] 事实细节题。文章指出该装置的实验版价格昂贵，大部分人负担不起。故选C。
(4).A. It produces power without adding more loads to the walker.
B. It can produce more power in a much shorter time.
C. It needs to be equipped with a battery.
D. It can help the walker walk faster.（分数：7.10）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[听力原文]
Compared with the device designed by Larry Rome, what is the advantage of this new device?

[解析] 理解推断题。文章最后说跟Larry R ome的发明相比，该设备虽然不能收集那么多能量，但是不需
要背负20到30公斤的重负，所以可知 新的装置不需要穿戴者负重太多。故选A。
八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)
Of the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make
friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, and offer him (26) , some give protection, and
some do hard work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which serve man in all three (27) , are
found in various species in all countries of the world. The (28) of certain countries are dependent
for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little (29) , strong and sure-footed,
carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight.
Trained and tamed for many (30) , domestic animals are not accustomed to roaming in search of
food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and (31) these are supplied,
they are content to do what their masters require.
All domestic animals need proper food. It must (32) them, sufficient in quantity, fresh and clean.

The (33) of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it takes. Overfeeding
is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed regularly if the animal
is to maintain good health.
Even well-cared-for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the
best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and (34) are available for sick animals, and in
some countries (35) exist to provide them free or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly, hardworking
animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on them.
Of the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make
friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, and offer him (26) , some give protection, and
some do hard work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which serve man in all three (27) , are
found in various species in all countries of the world. The (28) of certain countries are dependent
for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little (29) , strong and sure-footed,
carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight.
Trained and tamed for many (30) , domestic animals are not accustomed to roaming in search of
food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and (31) these are supplied,
they are content to do what their masters require.
All domestic animals need proper food. It must (32) them, sufficient in quantity, fresh and clean.
The (33) of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it takes. Overfeeding
is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed regularly if the animal
is to maintain good health.
Even well-cared-for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the
best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and (34) are available for sick animals, and in
some countries (35) exist to provide them free or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly, hardworking
animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on them.（分数：71.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：companionship）
解析：[听力原文]
Of the thousands of different kinds of animals that exist in the world man has learned to make
friends with an enormous number. Some are pets, and offer him companionship, some give protection,
and some do hard work which man cannot do for himself. Dogs, which serve man in all three capacities,
are found in various species in all countries of the world. The inhabitants of certain countries
are dependent for their very lives on the camel. In the West Indies the little donkey, strong
and sure-footed, carrying heavy loads even in mountainous places, is a familiar sight.
Trained and tamed for many generations, domestic animals are not accustomed to roaming in search
of food and shelter. They look to their masters to provide for their needs, and as long as these
are supplied, they are content to do what their masters require.
All domestic animals need proper food. It must be suitable for them, sufficient in quantity, fresh
and clean. The quantity of food depends on the size of the animal and the amount of exercise it
takes. Overfeeding is as bad as underfeeding. Containers for food and water must be washed
regularly if the animal is to maintain good health.
Even well-cared-for animals may sometimes fall ill. If this happens, the wise master seeks the
best advice he can get. All sorts of medicines and treatments are available for sick animals,
and in some countries organizations exist to provide them free or at a cheap price. Useful, friendly,
hardworking animals deserve to have some time, money and attention spent on them.
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：capacities）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：inhabitants）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：donkey）
解析：

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：generations）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：as long as）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：be suitable for）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：quantity）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：treatments）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：organizations）
解析：
九、Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)
Public colleges must be stewards (管家) of the public's trust and of students' and taxpayers'
dollars. They should be (36) for containing costs and for spending on what matters most: preparing
students to be active learners, career-ready and engaged citizens. Public colleges are using
myriad strategies to cut costs and keep college (37) . These include (38) administrative expenses;
eliminating low-enrollment programs and student support services; and achieving cost savings in
energy management and employee health care.
Fast-rising tuition increases may make it seem that institutional spending is out of (39) However,
public colleges' collective (40) per full-time student has actually been fiat in recent years.
The primary reason for escalating (逐步上升) tuition prices has been the state-to-student cost
shift that has taken place in who pays for a public higher education. States have gradually (41)
from their public higher education systems, with families picking up more of the tab through
tuition increases. Institutions have first turned to reducing spending, only raising tuition
prices to (42) academic quality.
The best way to mitigate future tuition increases is for state leaders to reinvest in public higher
education. With the Great Recession finally behind us—during which states dramatically reduced
(43) for public colleges and universities—state leaders started reinvesting in public higher
education this year, providing a nearly 6% increase in funding.
Maintaining (44) to affordable public colleges is paramount to our nation's economic security,
social equity and civic vibrancy. It is (45) upon state government, together with public colleges
and universities, to ensure this happens.
A. raise B. disinvested C. fair D. reducing E. reinvest
F. affordable G. tuition H. accountable I. afford J. funding
K. incumbent L. maintain M. access N. control O. spending

（分数：35.50）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H）
解析：[解析] 此 处需填形容词。由空缺处前后的be和for可以看出，此处缺的是以这个形容词为中心的
短语。本句的 意思是他们应该为成本控制和当务之急的花费负起责任。Be accountable for是“对……负
责”的意思，故选H。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）
解析：[解析] 此 处需填形容词。根据前面的keep可知此空应该是keep作为系动词，后面跟形容词。该句
的意思是 他们正在采取各种策略精简开支，以确保其经费担负得起日常开销。根据前半句的精简开支及选
项意义可 以确定正确答案。故选F。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）

解析：[解析] 此处需填动词。从后面的eliminating和achievin g可知，此空为其平行结构，所以应该为
动词。本句意是：主要包括以下措施：削减行政管理的开支，取 消低入学率的项目和学生资助服务，节约
能源管理和员工卫生保健的成本。故选D。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）
解析：[解析] 此处需填名词。由out of可知此处需填名词。该句的句意为快速上涨的学费或许会让人们
觉得机构 开支似乎已经不受控制。根据选项词性将答案锁定在名词范围，然后由短语out of control锁定
答案。故选N。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：O）
解析：[解析] 此处需填名词。从collective可知此处需填的是名词。 本句的意思是然而近年来，公立大
学中每一个全日制学生的集体消费水平其实是偏低的。通过对选项中名 词的排除，很容易根据意义排除其
他答案，spending本身就是消费、花费的意思。故选O。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）
解析：[解析] 此 处需填动词。本句明显缺少谓语。其完整句意为现在，各州已经逐步从公共高等教育系统
减资，在这一方 面家庭也做出了不少贡献。根据选项的词性归类可知，只有动词disinvest符合“从某处
撤资” 的意思，且与前一句的意思相符。故选B。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L）
解析：[解析] 此处需填动词。根据only...to...可知此处缺的是动 词。该句的意义是：各机构也首次致
力于减少开支，因为只有学费涨价才能维持学术质量。由于选项中所 剩的动词不多，可以通过排除法来确
定答案。只有maintain符合句意。故选L。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：J）
解析：[解析] 此 处需填名词。该句的句意是大萧条期间，各州为公立学院和大学提供的资金明显减少，而
在彻底摆脱大萧 条后，今年国家领导人开始重新投资公共高等教育，增加了6%的资金投入。根据前后的句
意得知。此处 缺的是名词，且应该是“资金”一词。故选J。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：M）
解析：[解析] 此处需填名词。由前后的maintaining和to可知此处 缺少的是名词。本句意是想方设法维
持公立大学经费的正常运转，对于国家的经济安全、社会公正和民间 活力都是至关重要的。access本身有
“通道、途径”之意，故选M。
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）
解析：[解析] 此处需填形容词。It is incumbent upon是固定短语，具有“义不容辞”之意。该句的意< br>思是：政府和公立大学应该义不容辞地确保这一切正常发生。根据选项排除和意义可以将答案定位在
incumbent上，尽管它可能是一个生词。故选K。
十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)
A Battle is Looming over Renewable Energy, and Fossil Fuel Interests are Losing
A. In state capitals across the country, legislators are debating proposals to roll back
environmental rules, prodded by industry and advocacy groups eager to curtail (缩减) regulations
aimed at curbing greenhouse gases.
B. The measures, which have been introduced in about 18 states, lie at the heart of an effort
to expand to the state level the battle over fossil fuel and renewable energy. The new rules would
trim or abolish climate mandates—including those that require utilities to use solar and wind
energy, as well as proposed Environmental Protection Agency rules that would reduce carbon
emissions from power plants.
C. But the campaign—despite its backing from powerful groups such as Americans for
Prosperity—has run into a surprising roadblock: the growing political clout of renewable-energy
interests, even in rock- ribbed Republican states such as Kansas.
D. The stage has been set for what one lobbyist called
both sides wrestle over some of the strongest regulations for promoting renewable energy. And
the issues are likely to surface this fall in the midterm elections, as well, with California
billionaire Tom Steyer pouring money into various gubernatorial (州长的) and state and federal
legislative races to back candidates who support tough rules curbing pollution.

E. The multi-pronged conservative effort to roll back regulations, begun more than a year ago,
is supported by a loose, well-funded confederation that includes the U.S． Chamber of Commerce,
the National Association of Manufacturers and conservative activist groups such as Americans for
Prosperity, a politically active nonprofit organization founded in part by brothers David and
Charles Koch. These groups argue that existing government rules violate free-market principles
and will ultimately drive up costs for consumers．
F. The proposed measures are similar from state to state. In some cases, the legislative language
matches or closely resembles model bills and resolutions offered by the American Legislative
Exchange Council (ALEC), a free-market-oriented group of state lawmakers underwritten in part
by Exxon Mobil, Koch Industries, Duke Energy and Peabody Energy. more than ever is the time
for states to lead the way,
G. The coalition campaigns have achieved only symbolic victories in a few states. Nonbinding
resolutions critical of the EPA power plant proposals have been approved in Alabama, Georgia,
Nebraska, West Virginia and Wyoming. Three other states—Louisiana, Missouri and Ohio—are
weighing legislation similar to the ALEC model.
H. Only one of the 18 state legislatures has approved a more substantive measure that would replace
the EPA's power plant rules. And even that bill, in Kentucky, could backfire by giving up a chance
for the state to design its own program and forcing it to accept a federal compliance program.
I. energy is beginning to become mainstream,said Gabe Eisner, executive director of the
Energy and Policy Institute, a clean-energy think tank in Washington. energy is popular
and has increased political power now,
resources of the fossil fuel industry.
A surprisingly tough fight
J. Kansas might be the best place to see how these dynamics are unfolding.
K. The state was a promising choice for a foray (攻击) against rules known as renewable-energy
standards, which set minimum levels of renewable-energy use by electric utilities. Variations
of these rules have been adopted in about 30 states, even though Congress did not pass a federal
version of the requirement. In Kansas, a law passed in 2009 requires utilities to use wind and
solar power to generate at least 15 percent of their electricity by 2016 and 20 percent by 2020.
L. The coalition seeking the repeal of the renewable mandate had all the ingredients for success.
Financial muscle came from the Kansas Chamber of Commerce, which lobbied heavily for repeal. In
addition, the state is home to Koch Industries, the Koch brothers' Wichita-based energy
conglomerate (集团). The state representative for Wichita, Republican Dennis Hedke, has called
the company
positive contributions.
M. Koch Industries, along with the utility industry's Edison Electric Institute and the nation's
biggest coal company, Peabody Energy, have supported ALEC, which advised state lawmakers on repeal
strategy.
N.
relates to energy policy,
Companies Public Sector, said in a statement, citing the company's opposition to the renewable
fuel standard, wind production tax credit and ethanol (乙醇) mandate.
mandate the allocation or use of natural resources and raw materials in the production of goods.
O. The ideological case was supported by conservative think tanks. Kansans for Liberty supported
repeal, and the state branch of Americans for Prosperity told supporters that
mandates replace the free-market with bureaucratic government oversight, driving up costs for
hard-working Kansas families.
the rollback of renewable standards.
P. Connections to key Kansas politicians also were strong. Both the Kansas state Senate's president,

Susan Wagle, and the speaker of the state House, Ray Merrick, are members of the ALEC board and
backed repeal. repeal of the RPS [Renewable Portfolio Standards] fits in line with the goals
of the organization,
opposition to health-care reform led by Hillary Rodham Clinton, then the first lady.
Q. Moreover, the Kansas economy relies heavily on fossil fuels. The state is the nation's
10th-largest producer of crude oil and 12th-largest of natural gas, according to the federal Energy
Information Administration. In 2013, coal-fired power plants provided 61 percent of the state's
electricity, well above the national average. But the strong winds that blow across Kansas have
carried new interests into the state. Kansas ranks sixth in the country in wind output, which
jumped by a third last year and equaled 19 percent of the state's electricity, the EIA says.
R. The growing number of wind farms not only generates power but royalties for landowners. Dorothy
Barnett, executive director of the Climate and Energy Project, said that Kansas landowners receive
more than $$13 million a year.
a lot of rural Kansas legislators,

（分数：71.00）
(1).Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have
been accepted in many states such as Alabama and Georgia.（分数：7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：G）
解析：[解析] 联 系上下文可知，这些非约束性的决议对EPA关于发电厂的建议感到不满，而且这些决议也
得到了阿拉巴 马，佐治亚，内布拉斯加等州的支持。本题是对该句的同义转换。故选G。
(2).It is hopeful to gain success if Kansas is chosen as the foray against the rules of
renewable-energy standards which minimize the renewable-energy use by power plants.（分数：7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）
解析：[解析] 根 据上下文可知，堪萨斯州主要依靠化石燃料发展经济，因此对规定了发电厂最低可再生能
源使用量的可再 生能源标准的反对声也较高，在选择该地区的话很有希望成功。本题是对该句的同义转换。
故选K。
(3).Koch Company's Philip Ellender cited the company's opposition to the renewable rules to
approve its objection to all energy-policy- concerning subsidies and mandates, and advised that
government let go of the allocation or use of materials used in goods production.（分数：7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）
解析：[解析] 结合上下文可知，科氏公司公共部门的部长兼运营长菲利普·埃兰 多援引公司的例子发表声
明证明了该公司特别反对一切跟能源政策有关的资助和授权，并指出政府应该放 任在生产中对材料的使用。
本题是对该段话的大意概括。故选N。
(4).The issue is a problem that concerns the benefits of people in the rural Kansas, and we have
a great many lawmakers from rural parts of Kansas.（分数：7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：R）
解析：[解析] 由该段可知，堪萨斯州风力电厂数量日益增多不仅关系到发电量， 也关系到了土地拥有者的
利益。这一问题已经涉及到堪萨斯州农村地区居民的利益，而且立法人员中有很 多人是来这些地区的。本
题是对该句的同义转换。故选R。
(5).The requirement to abolish the RPS complies with the organization's targets.（分数：7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：P）
解析：[解析] 结 合上文可知，韦格尔是废除规定的支持者同时也是ALEC的成员，ALEC是以自由市场为导
向的团体 ，因此也要求废除规定，因为这些规定与自由市场准则相抵触。本题是对该句的同义转换。故选
P。
(6).The methods adopted by the 18 states are the kernel of the attempts to level up the battle
between fossil fuel and renewable energy.（分数：7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）

解析：[解析] 结合下文可知，为了将化石燃料和可再生能源之间 的战争抬升到州级层面，被18个州采用
的这些回滚环境规定的措施是关键因素。本题是对该句的同义转 换。故选B。
(7).The stage is established for the so-called
both parts have been violated by the most powerful rules to spread renewable energy.（分数：
7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）
解析：[解析] 结合上文可知，一些推广可再生能源的强硬规则损害了双方的金钱 利益(支持可再生能源方
和反对可再生能源方)，因而这个舞台就成了“堑壕战”的基地。本题是对该句 的同义转换。故选D。
(8).The league which requires abolishing the renewable mandate had all the factors to achieve
success.（分数：7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L）
解析：[解析] 根 据下文可知，要求废除规定的联盟得到了各大化石燃料公司的支持，并且有充足的资金支
撑，甚至得到了 堪萨斯州议员的拥护，因而很有可能取得成功。本题是对该句的同义转换。故选L。
(9).However, the winds that sweep across Kansas have brought new benefits to the state.（分数：
7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Q）
解析：[解析] 根据本段话第二句可知，横扫堪萨斯州的强风为该州带来了强大的 风能，使该州的风能输出
及风力发电量都有所上升，是一种新的利益。本题是对该旬的同义转换。故选Q 。
(10).The all-sided efforts which roll back the renewable rules have been backed by a confederation
with abundant capital, the members of which go against the existing government rules.（分数：
7.10）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E）
解析：[解析] 该 段话指出，这种全面的回滚规定的努力得到了由美国商会、NAM、以及AFP这些团体组成
的联盟的支 持，虽然松散但资金充足。并且这些团体都反对现行的与自由市场原则相背离的政府规定。本
题是对该段 意思的概括。故选E。
十二、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
十三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)
Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in the US found higher levels of protein
S1PR2 (磷酸鞘氨醇受体蛋白) in tests on the brains of female mice and dead women with MS than in
male equivalents. Four times more women than men are currently diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis
(多发性硬化症).
Experts said the finding was interestingMS affects the nerves in the brain and spinal
Cord, which causes problems with muscle movement, balance and vision. It is a major cause of
disability, and affects about 100,000 people in the UK. Abnormal immune cells attack nerve cells
in the central nervous system in MS patients. There is currently no cure, although there are
treatments that can help in the early stages of the disease.
Researchers in Missouri looked at relapsing remitting (复发缓解型) MS, where people have distinct
attacks of symptoms that then fade away either partially or completely. About 85% of all people
with MS have this type. Scientists studied the blood vessels and brains of healthy mice, mice
with MS, and mice without the gene for S1PR2, a blood vessel receptor protein, to see how it affected
MS severity. They also looked at the brain tissue samples of 20 people after they had died. They
found high levels of SIPR2 in the areas of the brain typically damaged by MS in both mice and
people. The activity of the gene coding for S1PR2 was positively correlated with the severity
of the disease in mice, the study said.
Scientists said S1PR2 could work by helping to make the blood-brain barrier, in charge of stopping
potentially harmful substances from entering the brain and spinal fluid, more permeable. A more
permeable barrier could let attacking cells, which cause MS, into the central nervous system,
the study said. This link [between MS and S1PR2] is completely new—it has never been found before.
Dr Emma Gray, of the MS Society, said:

than men, and it's an area that's intrigued scientists, and people with MS, for many years. She
said understanding the causes of MS was a


（分数：71.00）
(1).What can we infer from the last sentence in Para.1?
A. Women are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.
B. Men are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.
C. Male mice are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.
D. Female mice are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.（分数：14.20）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 细节理解题。由于文中说得很明确，目前，被诊断出患有多发性硬化 症的女性人数是男性的
4倍。这说明相比于男性，女性更易患多发性硬化症。因此选项B，C和D均可以 被排除。故选A。
(2).What problem does MS mainly cause?
A. Ill-natured muscle movement. B. Bad balance.
C. Disability. D. Bad eyesight.（分数：14.20）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[解析] 细节理解题。从文章的论述中可以迅速将答案锁定在第二段。文中提到，多发性 硬化症会影
响大脑和脊髓中的神经，引起肌肉运动、平衡性及视力方面的问题。它是造成残疾的主要原因 。A，B和D
选项是MS可能引起的问题，并非其主要起因。故选C。
(3).What is the relationship between the severity of MS and level of S1PR2?
A. A. The level of S1PR2 is higher, the MS is less severe.
B. The level of S1PR2 is higher, the MS is more severe.
C. The level of S1PR2 is lower, the MS is less severe.
D. The level of S1PR2 is lower, the MS is more severe.（分数：14.20）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 推理判断题。根据问题可以将答案定位在第三段。他们发现，由于多发性硬化， 老鼠和人脑
中含有高水平磷酸鞘氨醇受体的部分都严重受到损害。这项研究表明，老鼠身上的病症的严重 程度与S1PR2
的基因编码活跃度是呈正相关的。根据此论述不难得出结论，那就是S1PR2水平越 高，MS越来越严重。故
选B。
(4).What role does S1PR2 play in helping the permeability of blood-brain barrier?
A. It can make blood-brain barrier impermeable.
B. It can make blood-brain barrier less permeable.
C. It can make blood- brain barrier permeable.
D. It can make blood- brain barrier more permeable.（分数：14.20）
A.
B.
C.
D. √

解析：[解析] 细节理解题 。科学家们说S1PR2可以有效阻止潜在的有害物质进入大脑和脊髓液中，促使血
脑屏障更具渗透性。 因此，可以排除选项A，B和C。故选D。
(5).What can we infer from the whole passage?
A. Four times more women than men are currently diagnosed with MS.
B. The level of S1PR2 was positively correlated with the severity of MS.
C. The reason why MS affects more women than men is unknown.
D. Multiple sclerosis discovery may explain gender gap.（分数：14.20）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 综合理解题。选项中的A，B和C均是文章中的直接论述或者同义转换，并非推论，因 此可
以排除。D选项需要从文中的论述进行推断。文中说到多发性硬化症更易发生在女性身上，甚至是雌 性小
鼠也不例外。所以说这一发现可以解释性别的差异。故选D。
十四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)
Real-time web search—which scours only the latest updates to services like Twitter—is currently
generating quite a buzz because it can provide a glimpse of what people around the world are
thinking or doing at any given moment. Interest in this kind of search is so great that, according
to recent leaks, Google is considering buying Twitter.
The latest research from the internet search giant, though, suggests that real-time results could
be even more powerful—they may reveal the future as well as the present.
Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian combined data from Google Trends on the popularity
of different search terms with models used by economists to predict trends in areas such as travel
and home sales. The result? Better forecasts in almost every case. It works because searches reveal
something about people's intentions. Google has demonstrated before that search data can predict
flu outbreaks, and last week World Bank economist Erik Feyen said he could cut errors in a model
that forecasts lending to the private sector by 15% using Google search data.
But real-time results could have even more predictive power: knowing what people are actually
doing, not just thinking, at a particular instant gives a strong hint of the future consequences.
Johan Bollen of Los Alamos National Laboratory and Alberto Pepe of the University of California,
Los Angeles, applied a mood rating system to the text from over 10,000 Future Me emails sent in
2006 to gauge people's hopes, fears and predictions for the future. They found that emails directed
at 2007 to 2012 were significantly more depressed in tone than messages aimed at the subsequent
six years. Could they have predicted the world's current economic slump?
Without more data, that is no more than an intriguing possibility. So Bollen plans to look at
more Future Me emails, as well as Twitter messages, to search for mood swings that foreshadow
other economic changes. If he finds any such links, the same sources might be used to try and
predict future economic fluctuations.
So will our online footsteps become a central part of economic forecasting? We'll have to wait
and see—or perhaps do a quick web search.

（分数：71.00）
(1).What is real-time web search, like Twitter?
A. It tells us what people did in past days. B. It generates quite a buzz in recent days.
C. It provides latest news about everything. D. It informs what people do in the future.（分
数：14.20）
A.
B.
C. √

D.
解析：[解析] 细节理解题。既然题目是问什么是实时网络搜索，所 以应该准确理解“实时”一词。实时性
网络搜索是当前的一大热门，如Twitter，它可以使最新的 消息为我们所用，可以使我们对世界各地的人
们在任何特定时间的所思所做有一些了解。由此可知，选项 C最符合文章的意思。故选C。
(2).What is the result of research established by Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian?
A. They gain nothing special from the combination of data and models.
B. They indeed reveal something about people's intentions in such areas.
C. They find that the future trends cannot be predicted from the research.
D. They totally understand the future trends of these areas from research.（分数：14.20）
A.
B. √
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 细节理解题。根据问题可以将答案定位在第三段。结果如何呢?几乎每一个案例 都会有较好
的预测结果。努力最终没有白费，因为研究人员确实解读到人们的一些意图。其他三个选项均 不对。故选
B。
(3).What can we infer from Para.5?
A. It is possible for researchers to get some hints from the Future Me emails.
B. There is no relationship between the depression and economic slump.
C. There is a potential relationship between depression and economic slump.
D. The Future Me emails may indicate people's reaction about future prediction.（分数：14.20）
A.
B.
C.
D. √
解析：[解析] 推理判断题。他们发现，与后来六年的相比，2007到2012年之间的 邮件在语调方面明显更
加沮丧。难道是他们已经预测到当前世界的经济衰退了吗?这说明这些邮件中人们 的情绪可以作为预测未来
的参考。A和C选项意义不够明确。B选项不符合文章的意思。故选D。
(4).What's the meaning of
A. More data are necessary to turn this possibility to be reality.
B. The possibility is just an intriguing possibility without data.
C. No amount of data cannot be a strong proof for the possibility.
D. More data are needed to turn it out to be a pure possibility.（分数：14.20）
A. √
B.
C.
D.
解析：[解析] 细节理解题。对于这句话的理解需要结合上下文。没有更多的 数据，那就只能是一个有趣的
可能性。上一段提到邮件中人们的情绪可以作为预测未来的参考，本段后面 又说如果发现其中的联系，那
么同样的数源就可以用来尝试着预测未来的经济波动。所以A选项是最符合 文章的理解。故选A。
(5).What's the attitude of author to real-time search?
A. Negative. B. Critical.
C. Optimistic. D. Indifferent.（分数：14.20）
A.
B.
C. √
D.
解析：[解析] 综合理解题。文章是 围绕实时搜索能否为预测未来有所帮助，并且已经有了初步的成果。因
此A、B和D选项显然不是作者应 有的态度。作者对此很有兴趣，且期待其能有所作为。故选C。

十五、Part Ⅳ Translation(总题数：1，分数：106.50)
2.中国坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和 平外交政策，这一政策的基本目标是维护中国的主权(sovereignty)
和领土完整，为中国的 发展创造良好的国际环境，维护世界的和平与繁荣。中国积极发展与周边国家的友
好关系，重视改善和发 展与发达国家的关系。中国主张各个国家应相互尊重，求同存异，促进世界的繁荣
与进步。中国愿与国际 社会加强合作，共同应对人类发展面临的全球性问题。


（分数：106.50）
______________________________________________ ____________________________________________
正确答案：(China unswervingly pursues an independent foreign policy of peace, with the fundamental
goal of safeguarding China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, creating a favorable
international environment for China's development as well as maintaining world peace and
prosperity. China actively promotes good friendship with surrounding countries and thinks highly
of improving and developing its relations with developed countries. China advocates that countries
should respect one another, seek common ground and shelve differences to boost the prosperity
and progress of the world. China is desire, together with the international community, to enhance
cooperation to address global issues facing mankind.)
解析：