宣导-一唱一合
Keys to Lesson 1
V. Explain the
following in your own words, bring out any implied
meanings:
1. It is no easy job to educate
a people who have been told over centuries that
they were inferior
and of no importance to see
that they are humans, the same as any other
people.
2. If you break the mental shackles
imposed on you by white supremacists, if you
really respect
yourself, thinking that you are
a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to
take part in the
struggle against racial
discrimination.
3. The liberation of mind can
only be achieved by the Negro himselfherself. Only
when heshe is
fully convinced that heshe is a
ManWoman and is not inferior to anyone else, can
heshe throw
off the manacles of self-
abnegation and become free.
4. Power in the
best form of function is the carrying out of the
demands of justice with love and
justice in
the best form of function is the overcoming of
everything standing in the way of love
with
power.
5. At that time, the way to evaluate
how capable and resourceful a person was was to
see how
much money he had made (or how wealthy
he was).
6. A person was poor because he was
lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of
right and
wrong.
7. This kind of work
cannot be done by slaves who work because the work
has to be done,
because they are forced to
work by slave-drivers or because they need to work
in order to be fed
and clothed.
8. …when
the unfair practice of judging human value by the
amount of money a person has is
done away
with.
9. Those who harbor hate in their
hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only
those who have
love can enjoy the ultimate
happiness in Heaven.
10. Let us be
dissatisfied until America no longer only talk
about racial equality but is unwilling or
reluctant to take action to end such evil
practice as racial discrimination.
VI.
Translate the following into Chinese:
1.
一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。
2.
为了挫败各种蓄意的低人一等的心态,黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。
3.
黑人必须以一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神,大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。
4.
必须懂得没有爱的权利是毫无节制、易被滥用的,而没有权利的爱则是多愁善感、脆弱
无力的。
5. 正是这种邪恶的权利和没有权利的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。
6.
在本世纪之初,这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责,认为它对主动性和责任感起负面作用。
7. 事实上,人
们从事改善人类处境的工作,从事传播知识、增进实力、丰富文学财富以及
升华思想的工作并不是为了谋
生。
8. ……它能够花费几十亿美元帮助上帝的孩子自立于这个世界。
9.
除非主张暴力的少数人得到大多数人的同情与支持, 不和他们对抗, 否则,
暴力革命很
少或者说几乎没有成功的。
10.
我们要懂得道义的苍穹长又长,但它终将落向正义。
Keys to Lesson
2
V. Explain the following in your own
words, bring out any implied meanings.
1. I
imagine myself as different types of prodigy
trying to find out which one suits me best.
2.
She had new thoughts which were filled with a
strong spirit of disobedient, and rebellion. She
decided not to cooperate with her mother’s
plan.
3. The girl was Shirley Temple-like,
slightly rude but in an amusing way.
4. When I
said those words, I felt that some nasty thoughts
had got out of my chest, and so I felt
scared.
But at the same time I felt good and relieved,
because those nasty things had been
suppressed
in my heart for a long time and now they had got
out at last.
5. I could feel that her anger
had reached the point where herself-control
collapsed, and I wanted
to see what my mother
would do when she lost complete control of
herself.
6. When the lid to piano was closed,
it shut out the dust and also put an end to my
misery and
her dreams.
VI. Translate
the following into Chinese:
A. Phrases:
1.
几乎不用首付现款。
2. 过高的希望和达不到的期盼。
3. 短路
4.
我家起居室的唯一的摆设。
5. 不自然的微笑。
6. 力气大的吓人。
7.
自行其事
B. Sentences:
1. 我的头发没做出我要的大卷花,
而是给我弄成一头乱蓬蓬的黑色小卷毛。
2. 在她告诉我答案前,
她对了对手中的杂志,看看赫而辛基是否能这样发音。
3.
她似乎被着音乐吸引住了。这钢琴曲不长,但有点狂乱,
有着迷人的特点,乐曲一开
始是快节奏的,接着是欢快跳动的节拍,然后又回到嬉戏的部分。
4. 如果她的才气和脾气一样大,她早就出名了。
5. 我最喜欢练习的部分是花哨的谢幕
行礼动作:先出右脚,脚尖点在地毯的玫瑰图案上,
身子侧摆,左脚弯曲,抬头,微笑。
6.
一股凉气从头顶开始,然后一点点传到全身。但我却不能停止演奏,双手好像着了魔
似的。我不停地想,
我的手指会调整好的,就像火车会被扳到正确的轨道上。
7. 她的脸部失去了表情,嘴巴紧闭,双臂
无力地垂下。她退出房间,神色惊异,好像一
小片枯黄的树叶被风吹走了,那样的单薄、脆弱、毫无生气
。
8. 我第一次,或好像感觉是第一次,注意到右边的乐曲。它的名称是‘心满意足’。我也
试着弹这首曲子。它的曲调比较轻松,但节奏同样流畅,不是很难,‘乞求的孩子’叫
短、较慢,而‘
心满意足’更长、更快一些。在我弹了几遍后,我意识到,原来这两
个曲子是同一首歌的两个组成部分。
Keys to Lesson 3
V. Explain the
following in your own words, bring out any implied
meanings:
? 1. Yet globalization
is not something that you can accept or reject, it
is already a matter of
life which you will
encounter and have to respond to every day.
?
2. Political groups with broad support have come
into being to take advantage of existing
worries and uneasiness among the people about
foreign “cultural assault”.
? 3. … in China,
the two trends of closed-door and open-door
policies have long been
struggling for
dominance.
? 4. The Chinese people should
continue to live a backward life while we live
comfortably
with all modern conveniences.
? 5. …westernization is a concept full of
self-contradiction and held by people of very
different backgrounds or views.
? 6. In
trying to find out what will be the future trend,
you do not need to be fashionable
yourself.
All you need is awareness, that is to say, you
need to be on the alert, to be
observant.
? 7. He was moving around, playing a game
through the Internet with people living in
different time zone, thus their activity on
the computer broke down time zone limit.
? 8.
The Gucci store did not expect that in the first
two weeks of its opening in Shanghai
business
could be so good.
? 9. From the very beginning
I know I need some theory as guideline to help me
in my
study of global cultures as
globalization, to guide me through such a variety
of cultural
phenomena.
? 10. The way of
showing repentance might be peculiar to the Jews,
but the strong desire of
gaining forgiveness
from God is common, shared by all.
VI.
Translate the following into Chinese:
?
1.今天我们正经历着一种世界范围文化剧变的阵痛,
一种习俗与追求的结构性变
化,用社会科学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化,就叫“全球化”。
? 2.不管他们的背景和纲领如何,这些对全球化持反对态度的人深信西方的影响-----
往往等同于美国的影响-----会把所有文化上的差异一一压平,就像一位观察家所说,
最终产生一个
麦当劳世界,一个充斥美国货和体现美国价值观的世界。
?
3.不过我也发现文化就如同构成文化的民族一样, 善于随机应变,富有弹性而且不
可预测。
?
4.现今原创极为困难。因此,最容易的办法就是把现存的东西结合在一起,拿出一
个新玩意儿来。
? 5.26万中国妇女每个月都在读《时尚》杂志,那些开领低胸的画面及其他内容。
?
6.灯光熄灭,有一阵子,黑暗中唯一的声音就是一部价格昂贵的照相机自动倒卷时
发出的声音。
? 7.他们从当地文化吸收了不少东西,但仍然保持了自己的本色。
?
8.相互联系是人类自有的欲望,是共同的命运。
? 9.这种连接靠的是强有力的心灵的纽带。
Keys to 5-4
课文练习答案:
I.
Vocabulary
A. Look up the following words and
phrases. Select the meaning that best suits the
sentence in
which each appears.
1. the
theater, drama, or acting as a profession
2.
in a good repute; having a good reputation; well-
thought-of; respectable
3. ghostly image or
figure; ghost
4. a messenger of God; a person
regarded as being as beautiful, good, innocent,
etc. as an angel,
esp. said of women or
children
5. a current of air in a room
6.
1 ) ability, skill or application of a skill;
2) (pl) sly, cunning tricks fine skill or
aptitude in creating or expressing what is
beautiful, esp. in
visual form
7. praise;
approval for an act; ability or a quality
8.
(pl) the money or profit derived from a sale,
business venture, etc.
9. (fml) to cause a
particular physical condition
10. to look
closely and inquisitively
11. a state in which
you behave as if you were asleep but are still
able to hear and understand what
is said to
you, similar to the unconscious state
12. in
name only
IV. Questions on Appreciation
language that Virginia Woolf uses in the essay is
highly figurative and colloquial. She uses a
lot of metaphors in the essay to present the
obstacles facing professional women.
2. To
discuss professions for women in general, Virginia
Woolf talks about her own professional
experiences. She begins by telling her story
how she became a book reviewer by overcoming big
obstacles. The purpose of telling her own
story is to make the description authentic and
vivid.
From Para 3 the author alerts her
audience that a woman has to overcome great
difficulties in
order to have her own
profession by using a vivid metaphor
3. In
recounting her first professional experience the
author uses a metaphor the Angel in the
House.
She compares the phantom she has to fight against
to the Angel in the House. She uses the
vivid
metaphor
woman's role as a sympathizer to men.
The original meaning of the word
of God and a
supernatural being to whom are attributed greater
than human power, intelligence,
etc. The
conventionalized image of an angel is one of a
white-robed figure in human form with
wings
and a halo. When used figuratively, the word means
a person regarded as being as beautiful,
good.
innocent, etc. as an angel, especially said of
women and children. Since an angel is
supernatural and often female, it is
appropriate for the author to call the phantom an
angel.
4. The author makes the transition
between the discussion of her first professional
experience and
her second one by introducing
and answering the question
5.
the author
uses to describe her second experience as a
novelist.
6. In Para 7, the author concludes
her speech by raising some important questions
concerning the
new role of women and the new
relationship between men and women. The metaphor
used in
this paragraph is room of one's ownA
room is a space, not only for living, but also for
creative activity. Here a room is compared to
freedom, while the house is compared to the whole
society. The implied meaning of the
sentence is that through fighting against the
Angel in the
House, through great labor and
effort, some women have gained a position or
certain freedom in
society which has been up
to now dominated by men.
7. The author
concludes her speech by raising some questions
which are phrased figuratively. By
these
questions, the author alerts her audience that
women are now faced with a set Of new
questions as What should be the relationship
between men
and women'?
attempting to
answer them.
8. The whole speech is well
organized, clearly presented and vividly
illustrated. To discuss
professions for women
in general, the author talks about her own
professional experiences. Sire
begins by
telling her story how she became a book reviewer
by overcoming big obstacles. She
outlines the
ways in which gender-consciousness affected, or
threatened to affect, her writing
career. She
uses a vivid metaphor
avoid the traditional
woman's role as a sympathizer to men. As a
novelist, she faces a second
challenge.
Wishing to remain
the imaginationshe was
thrown into state of the most acute and difficult
distressby the
conflict between her own
approach to art and the conventional approach
which male critics
expected her to take.
dreams on the verge of a deep lakeAngel in the
House, the author points out
that the
obstacles against a woman
defineIn conclusion,
she states: ou have won rooms of your own in the
house hitherto
exclusively owned by men... But
this freedom is only a beginning; the room is your
own, but it is
still bare. It has to be
furnished; it has to be decorated; it has to be
shared.
author gives a clear and convincing
presentation of the obstacles facing professional
women.
V. Explain the following in your
own words, bring out any implied meanings.
1.
If you want to be a musician or a painter, you
must own a piano or hire models, and you have to
visit or even live in cultural centers like
Paris, Vienna and Berlin. And also you have to be
taught
by masters and mistresses. However, if
you want to be a writer, you don't need all this.
2. Those conventional attitudes would have
taken away the most important part of my writing,
the
essence of my writing.
3. Thus,
whenever I felt the influence of the Victorian
attitudes on my writing, I fought back with
all my power.
4. It was a sensible thing
for men to give themselves great freedom to talk
about the body and their
passions. But if
women want to have the same freedom, men condemn
such freedom in women.
And I do not believe
that they realize how severely they condemn such
freedom in women, nor do
I believe that they
can control their extremely severe condemnation of
such freedom in women.
5.It will take a long
time for women to rid themselves of false values
and attitudes and to
overcome the obstacle to
telling the truth about their body and passions.
6. Even when the path is open to women in name
only, when outwardly there is nothing to prevent
a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil
servant, inwardly there are still false ideas and
obstacles impeding a woman's progress.
7.
(Through fighting against the Angel in the House,
through great labor and effort, ) you have
gained a position or certain freedom in a
society Which has been up to now dominated by men.
VI. Translate the following into
Chinese.
A.Phrases
1.指导我向前走 2.家庭财力经济
3.扼住她的喉咙
4.在无意识的最深层 5.不用修辞手段、直截了当地说
6.男性极端的因循守旧 7.以什么为条件在什么样的条件下
B.Sentences
1.就是她,在我写评论时,总是在我和我的写作之间制造麻烦。
2.下面我要说说多少是我自己决定做的一件事情,当然做此事的功劳主要还应归功于我那
了不
起的祖先,是他们给我留下了一笔财产——比如说每年500英镑吧——这样我就不必完
全靠女人的魅力
去谋生了。
3.我相信,只有妇女在人类知识所涉及的全部文艺艺术和专业领域中用创造形式表达自己
的情感后,她们才知道什么是妇女。
4.他希望在他写作时,每天见的人、读的书、做的事都
是相同的,这样任何事物都不会打
破他生活的幻想,也不会扰乱他的四处探求以及对那令人难以捉摸的东
西即想像力的突然发
现。
5.尽管如此,我请你们想像我在迷睡的状态中写小说。
6.她意识到男人们会如何议论一个敢讲有关激情真话的女人,这使她从艺术家的无意识状
态了。 7.从内心精神方面看,情况颇为不同。妇女还要与许多鬼怪展开斗争,还有许多偏见需要
克服。
8.讨论和界定这些障碍是十分重要的,因为只有如此我们才能共同努力克服困难。
9.那些目的是什么,对这个问题我们不能想当然,而要不断地提出疑问和进行审视。
Ⅷ.Make corrections in the following sentences
where wrong prepositions are used.
1.in her
way 2.in a draught 3.to that
achievement
4. befalling US 5.by the
throat 6.of shackles of feudalism
7.at
the dog 8.on the verge of tears 9.upon
equal terms
10.to paper
Keys to
Exercises of
5-5
I . Vocabulary
A, Look up the following words and
phrases, Select the meaning that best suits
the sentence in which each appears,
1.
(colloq) a long time
2. to offer as an
opinion; to suggest; to propose
3. the action
of fleeing or running away from (Here it means the
narrator suddenly
stopped. )
4. conforming
to the current fashions, or active in the main
current of affairs
5. (American colloquialism)
designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness
makes her
a subject for the kind of pictures
often pinned up on walls
6. the word
applies to posture, specifically stresses the
physical aspects of a person's
bearing, e.g.
an erect carriage
7. (American slang)good,
fine, excellent, etc., a general term of approval
8. to lessen the force of; to weaken, as by
euphemism
9. (American colloquialism or
slang') a pleasure
10. (formal and
humorous)to put, lay or set down
11. a concise
statement of the main points of a law case, usu.
field by counsel for the
information of the
court
12. (American slang) an exclamation of
disgust, scorn, disappointment, refusal, etc.
13. stopping; relaxing
14. (American
slang) rich, prosperous
IV. Questions on
Appreciation
1. When is taken in its ordinary
sense the title means: is a
deceptive or
delusive quality about as a specific term in
logic the
title means: from a set of given
implication
of the author is therefore that is
an error, a deception and an emotion that does
not follow the principle of logic.
2. The
theme of the story is that
have anything
to do with life.
3. The story goes forward at
a fast pace with racy dialogues full of American
colloquialism and slang. It reaches its climax
in Paras 147---150 when Polly refuses to
go
steady with the narrator because she had already
promised to go steady with Petey
Burch.
4.
The raccoon coat was given by the narrator to
Petey Burch for the privilege of
dating his
girl The raccoon coat which the narrator disliked
and abhorred, was the
instrument of his
undoing. Polly Espy promised to go steady with
Petey Burch
because he owned a raccoon coat, a
coat that all fashionable people on campus were
wearing.
5. The purpose of this narration
is to tell the readers that love does not follow
the
principle of logic. The whole story is
good evidence.
6. Para 4 brings out the
pomposity of the narrator. was I and logical.
Keen, calculating,
perspicacious, acute
and astute --I was all of these. My brain was as
powerful as a
dynamo, as precise as a
chemist's scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. is
not often
that one so young has such a giant
intellect.
satire of the narrator humorous.
7. The writer deliberately makes Polly Espy
use a lot of exclamatory words like
forms like
marvy, sensaysh
create the impression of a
simple and rather stupid girl. This contrasts
strongly with
the language of the narrator,
thus increasing the force of satire and irony.
8. The result of the story is that the self-
conceited man is finally refused by the
girl whom he has despised. That is, the
so-called clever man is refused by the
so-
called stupid girl, because love, a matter of
emotion, does not follow the principle
of
logic. Therefore the story is made humorous.
9. The topic sentence is was a torn manThe
idea expressed in the topic
sentence is
developed by illustrative examples of the behavior
of the torn man.
10. The language in this
paragraph is more formal. The narrator felt
depressed
after the first date with Polly. To
bring this feeling out, and to create a humorous
effect,
the writer uses formal phrases such as
heavy heartunderestimated
the size of the task
11. This is a final desperate attempt to make
Polly forget the fallacies he taught
her. He
might yet be able toconvince Polly that he loves
her and that she should go
steady with him.
You know that the (foolish and worthless) things
you learn in school
have no real use in life.
12. These two allusions are well chosen. He
planned to be Pygmalion, to
fashion an ideal
wife for himself; but he became Frankenstein for
Polly (his student)
ultimately rejected him
(her teacher). For Pygmalion and Frankenstein see
Notes 8
and 9 in the textbook.
13. The
story ends with Polly's answer
irony complete.
14.
V. Explain
the following in your own words, bringing out any
implied meanings:
1. I believe following
passing crazes shows a complete lack of sound
judgment.
2. One afternoon, when I went back
to my dorm, Petey was lying on his bed. He wore
such a depressed look that I came to the
conclusion at once that he was suffering from
appendicitis.
3. My brain, which is as
precise as a chemist's scales, began to work at
high speed.
4. She was beautiful and
attractive enough to arouse the desires and
passions of men,
but 1 would not let feelings
or emotions get the upper hand of reason or good
sense.
5. She was not yet fully developed like
pin-up girls but 1 felt st, re that, given time,
she would fill up and become just as
glamorous.
6. In fact, she went in the
opposite direction. This is a sarcastic way of
saying that she
was rather
stupid.
7. If you're no longer involved with her (if
you stop dating her) others would be free
to
compete for her friendship.
8. His head turned
hack and forth (looking at the coat then looking
away from the
coat). Every time he looked, his
desire for the coat grew stronger and his
resolution
not to give away Polly became
weaker.
9. To teach her to think appeared to
be a very big task, and at first I even thought of
giving her back to Petey.
10. There
is a limit to what any human being can bear.
VI. Translate the following into Chinese:
A. phrases:
1. 愚蠢至极 2. 吃惊地低语 3. 神情不安 4.
坚定地咬紧牙关
5. 限制这种前提 6. 对逻辑一点儿都不开窍 7. 紧锁眉头凝神思索
8. 一道智慧的光芒 9. 使波利变成一个逻辑学家 10. 极大的意志力
B.
Sentences:
1. 查尔斯.兰姆是一个世所罕见的性情欢快、富有进取心的人,他那笔下<
br>的散文《古瓷器》和《梦中的孩子》无拘无束、自由奔放,实在令人难忘。
2. 那么就读读下
面这篇文章吧,它将向我们展示逻辑并不是一门枯燥乏味、
迂腐不堪的学科,恰恰相反,逻辑是一个活生
生的事物,充满美丽、激情和心灵
的创伤。
3.
我的大脑像发电机一样发达,像化学家的天平一样精确,像手术刀一样
锋利。
4.
她婷婷玉立,落落大方,泰然自若,一眼就看得出她很有教养。
5.
我猛地打开皮箱,那件肥大、毛茸茸、散发着怪味的东西露了出来,…
6.
……像她这么好商量的人是不多见的。
7. 可是,如果我不坚持下去,我就太没有用了。
8. 我皱了皱眉头,但还是接着讲下去。
9.
说不定她头脑里的死火山口中的什么地方,还有些火星会喷射出来呢。
10.
我交叉着双手站在那里,心想这下子可打动了她。
VII. Analyze the
logical fallacy in each of the following
statements:
1. Hasty Generalization
2.
Post Hoc
3. Hypothesis Contrary to Fact
4.
Dicto Simplicitor
5. Ad Misericordiam
6.
Post Hoc
7. Dicto Simplicitor
8. Hasty
Generalization
9. False Analogy
10.
Contradictory Premises
11. Poisoning the Well
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训斥的反义词是什么-说的英语单词
nervous名词-会师什么意思
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horse是什么意思-不解之缘
诘难的意思-知晓的意思
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