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大学英语四级考试写作辅导教程
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6月大学英语四级考试写作辅导教程
记叙文的思路与练习
记叙文是以叙述人物的
经历和事物的发展变
化过程为主要表现形式的一种文体。记叙文既能
够以写人为主,又能够以写
事为主。写记叙文要
注意记叙文的“六大要素”即:
时间(When)——
何时发生,有没有具体时
间?
地点(Where)——
何地发生,有没有地点变
化?
人物(Who)—— 何人参与,谁是主角?
事件(What)—— 发生了什么,有何特点?
原因(Why)—— 事件的起因?
结果(How)—— 事件的经过及结局?
一般说来,在一篇记叙文中这六大要素是缺一
不可的。
记叙文的思路就围绕这六大要素充分展开。
【例】四级考试中,只出现过一次专门的记叙
文体裁的写作,即“An Early
Morning Walk”
(1988.6.),
6月出现过包含记叙文的作文,
即“An Eye-Witness Account of a
Traffic
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Accident”。
对于“An
Early Morning Walk”,知道命题
要求后,我们就要开始构思了。
When:题目已规定了是“清晨”,在这个时候,
“我”去散步。
Where:到哪儿散步?去公园?在校园里?在
街上(街上空气不好,还是不去!)。 Who:在公园里看到晨练的人:中老年人、年
轻人、小孩子;在校园里看到读书背单词的学生。
What:人们热火朝天地做操,随音乐跳舞,打
球,等等。
Why:清晨空气清新,适合锻炼;一日之际在于
晨,背背书,读读单词。
当然,由这个题目能够令人想到很多东西,因
篇幅所限,我们做了删减。
参考范文
An Early Morning Walk
One morning I got up
very early, and
everything around was very
quiet. The sun
had just risen, shining
brilliantly and
everything seemed to be
covered with a layer
of golden silk. There
were only some birds
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singing
occasionally in the tall trees. I
strolled
along the street toward the park,
breathing
the fresh air and feeling
extremely happy.
When I arrived at the park, I found, to
my
surprise, that there were so many people
there. Men and women, boys and girls, all
were enjoying themselves in their various
activities. Some were doing morning
exercises, some were playing badminton and
some old people were having their tea while
talking to each other cheerfully.
I
wandered around the park. To my delight,
I
found a few middle-school students talking
to
each other in English in one corner of the
park. I went up and spoke to them in English.
We soon became friends. I was very glad to
find another opportunity to practice my
spoken English. On the way home, I realized
that an early morning walk really was good
and healthful. Taking early morning walks
makes one healthy and wise.
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【点评】文章按照时间顺序(in
chronological
order),第一句话点明时间(One
morning)、人物(第一人称“I”),并简要描述
了早晨的特点(What was
the setting),接着
第二段第一句话交代地点(in the
park),然后
介绍公园里人们及作者的活动(What was
happening),最后在文章结尾点题,即,归纳中
心思想——Taking
early morning walks makes
one healthy and
wise. 仅仅189个单词既满足
了记叙文的“六大要素”,又有明确的中心思想
和生动的
细节,行文方式符合要求。
1. 以“A Most Unlucky
Day”为题,想想该
怎么写。注意:题目的中心词是“unlucky”。
When:
Where:
Who:
What:
Why:
How:
参考思路
When:哪一天是最倒霉的日子?考前的晚上?
公布成绩的日子?周末?
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