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大学英语四级 46

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2020-10-29 09:41
tags:大学英语四级考试时间

consumer-波澜不惊的反义词

2020年10月29日发(作者:师秀梅)



大学英语四级-46

(总分:100.00,做题时间:90分钟)

一、Listening Comprehension(总题数:0,分数:0.00)
二、Section A(总题数:3,分数:28.00)

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.
Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.
(分数:8.00)
tions for the global village.
increased melting of icecap in North Pole. √
explorers exploring into the Arctic.
scientific research in Cambridge University.
解析:[听力原文]
Research into the icecap of North Pole has found that it is melting so quickly that the Arctic


Ocean could lose most of its ice during summer time in as little as ten years. Scientists of


Cambridge University say recent exploration to the Arctic led by explorer Pen Hadow found ice
was much thinner than expected and less dense, subject to rapid melting. Mr. Hadow said the finding
should act as a wake-up call.
The long-term view for the global community, this is definitely not good news. But if we can see


this for what it is which is the biggest visual cue that we are going to get to manage our


relationship with the planet better, then that is a good thing.



What is this news item mainly about?

[解析] 主旨大意题。新闻中报道:北极积冰的融化速度太快(it is melting so quickly)导 致北冰洋冰雪将在10个夏
天之后基本融掉。剑桥大学的科学家们说最近的北极探险发现冰块比想象中的 更薄、更稀了。可见新闻主要是说北极冰
雪的快速融化。B项中的The increased mel ting是对原文的同义改写,故答案是B项。A项“建设地球村的建议”在
新闻中没有提到。虽然剑桥 大学的科学家们说最近的北极探险发现冰块比想象中的更薄了,但这是为了引出北极积冰融
化加快这一主 题,C项“探险队员到北极探险”和D项“剑桥大学的科学研究”都不是新闻的主要内容。
maintain the harmony between the human and the earth. √
in the global village do something to stop ice from melting.
researchers in Cambridge University do more researches.
is more and more concern and attention on global community.
解析:[听力原文]
How can the bad news become a good one?



[解析] 新闻 中指出,从长远来看,对于地球来说这绝对不是个好消息。但是,如果我们能把这件事看成对我们最重要
的提示:设法更好地处理人类和地球关系的话(get to manage our relationship with the
planet better),那将是一件好事。 故正确答案是A项。B项“地球人采取某些行动阻止积冰消融”、C项“剑桥大学的
研究人员做更多研究 ”和D项“地球村得到越来越多的关注”均没有在新闻中提到。
Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.
Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.
(分数:8.00)
A.57.
B.54.
√C.3.
D.1.
解析:[听力原文]
Fifty-seven militiamen, including several high-ranking officers loyal to militia leader Gabriel
Tang, were killed when Tangs forces attacked the Sudan Peoples Liberation Army in Southern Sudan,
officials said Sunday.
Tangs forces launched the attack at Kaldak on Saturday, the Sudan Peoples Liberation Army (SPLA)
said in a statement issued on behalf of General Malaak Ayuen of the South Sudan Army. The SPLA
is the military wing of the movement that governs Southern Sudan.
The SPLA killed 57 of Tangs forces, including three major generals, according to the statement.


In addition, one major general was captured, the statement said.
Tang himself
arrowly escaped the fighting, according to the statement.


Officials said it was unclear why Tangs forces attacked the troops, but the SPLA said it believes
he has been in contact with other rebel groups in the region.

How many major generals were killed in the attack?

[解析] 新闻中提到有57个人被杀,包括3名少将(three major generals),选C项。数字题在 听音时要做笔记,在数
字旁标上相应的信息。本题要听清问的是major generals。

captured.
imprisoned.
ed. √
解析:[听力原文]
How was Gabriel Tang after the attack?

[解析] 新闻中指出Tang
arrowly escaped the fighting,意为“幸免于难”,故选D项。
Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.
Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.


(分数:12.00)
Paris of the West.
heroism of the survivors.
C.100th anniversary of the Great Earthquake. √
immense destruction.
解析:[听力原文]
Thousands will gather in the city center just after 5:00 am on Tuesday, April 18, to remember
victims of the Great Earthquake. Organizers say they will also celebrate the heroism of the




survivors. One hundred years ago, the first small shock struck at 5:12 in the morning, and the
region shook violently for one minute. A center of culture and commerce, San Francisco was then
known as the Paris of the West. Just hours earlier, Italian tenor Enrico Caruso had appeared in
the opera Carmen at the citys opera house. The singer later recalled trembling with fear as he
looked out of the window of his room at the Palace Hotel. He saw buildings collapse, and heard
the screams of men, women and children. Historian Eileen Keremitsis is a volunteer guide who
describes the tragic story for visitors. The quake was massive and it was centered just off the


coast close to the city. The shaking damaged or destroyed thousands of buildings over a wide area,


but Keremitsis says most of the severe destruction was caused by fires that burned uncontrolled


for three days.

What does the news item mainly report?

[解析] 新闻首句提到,4月18日(星期二),数千人将于早上5点后聚集在市中心来 悼念大地震的遇难者。接着新闻通
过不同人的经历回顾了100年前的旧金山大地震。故C项“大地震1 00周年纪念”正确。新闻提到旧金山以“西方的巴
黎”著称,A项只是指出旧金山的别称,故排除。新 闻中讲述了幸存者在地震时的见闻以及震后的灾难,但这只是给听
众再现了当时的情境,新闻并不是为了 歌颂幸存者的英雄气概或报道震后的损失,故排除B、D项。
earthquake began at 5:00 am.
first small shock lasted for one minute.
ian Eileen Keremitsis survived the earthquake.
earthquake center was in the ocean. √
解析:[听力原文]
What can we learn about the Great Earthquake?

[解析] 新闻后半部分提到,那次地震强度大且震中位于城市附近的海域(just off the coast close to the
city),D项“震中在海洋中”正确。新闻开篇提到的 “五点”是人们在市中心聚集纪念大地震的时间,而不是地震发生
时间,排除A项。第一次轻微的地震是 在5:12,接着开始长达1分钟的剧烈摇动,故B项“一开始的轻微地震持续了1
分钟”错误。历史学 家Eileen Keremitsis给民众叙述了这个悲剧,但原文没有提及他是地震的幸存者,排除C项。
massive shaking degree.
uncontrolled three-day fires. √
panic of men, women and children.


flood caused by the quake.
解析:[听力原文]
According to Keremitsis, what caused the most of the destruction?

[解析] 新闻结尾处提到,Keremitsis说,大多数的毁坏是由失控了3天的大火导致的(caused by fires),故B项正确。
剧烈的摇晃使许多建筑坍塌,但这不是导致损失的主要原因,排除A项。C 项“大人和小孩的恐慌”只是地震时人们的
反应。D项“地震引起的洪水”没有在新闻中提到。

三、Section B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)
四、Conversation One (总题数:1,分数:16.00)

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
(分数:16.00)
phone calls to promote sales.
e business negotiations.
orders over the phone. √
complaints from customers.
解析:[听力原文]
W: So John, I hear you and Arthur share a job, don you?
M: Yeah. Weve shared a sales job at Sonatech for about two years now.
W: Well, how do you divide up your schedule?
M: You know, we are both sales representatives, and we take orders over the phone. When we started


job sharing it was difficult, because we both worked all day Monday. I worked Tuesday and Thursday
and Arthur worked Wednesday and Friday. The problem was that when I was in the office on Tuesday.
I would talk to people, then they would call back on Wednesday with a question. But Arthur couldn
answer the question and he couldn ask me about it because I wasn in the office. So he had
to ask the people to call me back the next day, Thursday. Of course, they didn like to wait


until the next day to have their question answered.


W: Yes, that sounds like a problem.
afternoons.
the in work would I and mornings the in work would Arthur that decided we finally So, M:
Now if someone calls with a question for me in the morning, Arthur tells them to call me in the


afternoon. This way, people get their questions answered the same day.
W: What do you do about vacations?
M: Well, Sonatech gives the usual two weeks of vacation to full-time employees, I take a week




and Arthur takes a week.


W: It sounds like job sharing has worked out well for you.
M: Yes, it has. We are both happy with it.



What do John and Arthur do at Sonatech?

[解析] 通过选项中的Make phone calls,Arrange business negotiations,Take orders,Handle complaints可推
测问 的是工作职责方面的问题。男士在谈到两个人如何分配工作的时候说到他们是通过电话接订单,由此判断选C。A
的“促销”、B的“商务谈判”以及D的“客户投诉”在对话中均未提及。男士在对话中提到we take orders over the
phone,符合“长对话听到什么选什么”的答题原则。
ers questions could not be answered on the same day. √
cts between them could not be properly solved.
ers often mistook one for the other.
had different business strategies.
解析:[听力原文]
What problem did John and Arthur have when they started job sharing?

[解析] 根据选项中的could not be answered,could not be properly solved,mistook可推测本题可能会问他们工
作中存在的问题。男士说他们工作的问题就是 他周二上班,而客户在周三打电话回来的时候却是Arthur接电话,而Arthur
没法回答问题, 只能让客户周四再打电话过来,但客户不喜欢等到第二天才得到答复。由此判断问题在于客户的问题无
法 当天得到解答,所以选A。在谈到问题的时候,男士说客户不喜欢问题要第二天才能得到解答,也就是说问题是客 户
的问题当天得不到解答,A是男士所说内容的同义替换,B的“冲突”、C的“把一个人误认为另一个 ”和D的“不同的
商业策略”均未在对话中提及。
answers it all by himself.
asks them to call back in the afternoon. √
has the question answered.
tells them that he can
解析:[听力原文]
What is Arthurs final solution when someone call with a question for John?

[解析] 根据各选项中的answers,call back和question可推测提问可能与如何回答电话问题有 关。男士说最后他们
决定Arthur上早上的班,John(对话中的男士)上下午的班,如果有人早 上打电话来问John问题,Arthur会告诉他们下
午再打电话过来,可见Arthur最后的解决 方法是叫他们下午再打电话过来,B符合对话原意。Arthur并没有自己回答
问题,也没有让别人回 答问题,也没有直接说他帮不上忙,可排除A、C和D。
are given two weeks each.
like to spend it together.
have to take it by turns.
each take a week. √
解析:[听力原文]
What does John say about their annual vacation?

[解析] 通过选项中的given two weeks,spend it togetther,take it by turns,each take a week可推断本题可
能会问如何休假。当被问及似期时 ,男士说全职员工有两周假期,他休一周,Arthur休一周, 休一周”,符合“长对话
听到什么选 什么”的答题原则。Arthur。对话中提到“我休一周,D因此选.

offer any help.
五、Conversation Two (总题数:1,分数:16.00)

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.


(分数:16.00)
a road crossing.
a school. √
e a police station.
front of a kindergarten.
解析:[听力原文]
W: May I see your license, please?
M: But officer, did I do something wrong?
W: Do you mean to say you didn see the speed limit sign back there?


M: Um, no, maam , I guess I didn .


W: In other words, you drove by too fast to read it. The sign says 35mh. A school is just nearby,


you know?
M: Don get me wrong, but my speedometer didn read much faster than that.
W: Then, why is it that my radar showed you were going 45? Let me put it another way. Im going
to have to give you a ticket. Again, may I see your license, please?
M: Here it is, officer. But let me explain. I was late for an important appointment and I was
worried that I wouldn make it on time. So...
W: Um ha, just a minute, here. Your license is no longer valid. You should have renewed it two


weeks ago. Im going to have to write you up for that, too.
M: What? Really?
W: Your license becomes invalid on your birthday and that was two weeks ago according to the date
here. You are in violation of the law—driving without a valid license.
M: Im sorry, maam. I hadn realized that.
W: Heres the ticket for not having a valid license. But Im only going to give you a warning


about exceeding the speed limit. Be careful next time.
M: Yes, maam, officer, I will. Thank you.

Where was the man stopped by the police officer?

[解析] 选项都是关于地点的介词短语,因此判断本题可能会问 与地点相关的问题。女警官说男士开车太快,没有注意
到一个35mh的告示牌,接着用反问句说明限速 的原因:一所学校就在附近,因此选B。其他三项关键词“十字路口”,
“警察局”以及“幼儿园”在对 话中均未提及。
did not notice it. √
drove too fast to read it.
says 45 miles an hour.
is not clearly visible.
解析:[听力原文]

What did the man claim about the speed limit sign?



[解析] 根据选项中的not notice,too fast to read it,not clearly v isible可推测本题可能会问跟“没有看到某
个东西”有关的问题。当被问及是不是没注意到限速告 示牌时,男士回答说他没有看到,因此选A。B是女警官说的,
并非男士,答非所问;“45英里小时” 是女士雷达上显示的男士的车速,并非男士对限速告示牌的说法,C也不对;D
“限速牌不是很清晰”, 对话中未提及。
should have been renewed two months ago.
actually belongs to somebody else.

is no longer valid. √
is not genuine.
解析:[听力原文]
What did the woman say about the mans driving license?

[解析] 根据选项should have been renewed,no longer valid,not genuine可推测本题可能会问It存在的问题。
女警官说男士的驾照已经过 期了,两周前就应该更新了,因此选C。A的two months与录音中的two weeks不符;B的
“属于别人”和D的“假的”在对话中没有提及。
was fined $$35.
got a ticket. √
had his drivers license canceled.
had to do two weeks community service.
解析:[听力原文]
What was the mans penalty?

[解析] 根据选项中的was fined,got a ticket,license canceled可推测本题可能会问男士受到的惩 罚是什么。女
警官因为男士的驾照过期给他开了张罚单,但对他的超速行车只是口头警告,并叮嘱他下次 小心,因此答案为B。A的
“35美元”和D的社区服务”女警官都没有提及;对话中也没有提及“女警 官吊销男士的驾照”,因此C也不对。

六、Section C(总题数:0,分数:0.00)
七、Passage One (总题数:1,分数:16.00)

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
(分数:16.00)
behave as if their memories have failed totally. √
grab whatever they think is a good bargain.
become excited as if they had never been there.
care more about an items price than its use.
解析:[听力原文]
Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than
someone who buys something. To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he


or she starts to push a shopping cart. One of the first things customers forget is how to count.


Theres no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly


marked 15 items or less, with 20, 25 or even a cart load of items. Customers also forget why they


came to the store in the First place. Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say,


Oops, I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you don nfind waiting while I go get


it. Five minutes later, hes back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper


towels. Strange is it seems customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries.
Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, my
customer will wait until I announce the total. Then, in surprise, she says, Oh no, what did I
do with my check book? After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because
shes forgotten hers. But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary, and thats




something I can afford to forget.

What does the speaker say about customers entering the grocery store?

[解析] 根据选项中的behave,grab,become excited,care more about可推测本题是关于某类人行为的描述。录音
提到,顾客就是那种一旦开始推购物车 就会完全丧失记忆的人,因此本题答案为A。B的“拿便a
录音提到的“关心价格多于用途”在录音中均未提及。D的“兴奋得像头一次去一样”以及C宜东西”,
person whose memory fails entirely“一个完全丧失记忆的人”,符合“短文听力听到什么选什么”的答题原则。
with a VIP card.
paying in cash.
needing assistance.
with 15 items or less. √
解析:[听力原文]
Which customers are supposed to be in the express line?

[解析] 根据选项中的with a VIP card,paying in cash,needing assistance,with 15 items or less可推测本题
可能问某些人具备的某种资格。录音提到,很多顾客带着20件、25件甚至一整购物车的东西进入超市 的快速结账通道,
而这个通道是专门给购买15件及15件以下商品的顾客准备的,因此答案是D。A的 “贵宾卡”、B的“现金支付”以及
C的“需要帮助”在录音中完全没有提到,均属于随意捏造的选项。
the items they have picked up.
back and pick up more items. √
out some unwanted purchases.
ate the total cost of the groceries.
解析:[听力原文]
What does the speaker say some customers do when they arrive at the check-out counter?

[解析] 四个选项都是动词原形 短语,可推测本题可能问某些人的具体行为或打算。说话人提到,有的顾客会在结账时
突然想起忘了买某 样东西,于是走回去拿,结果回来的时候还多拿了其他东西,也即挑了更多的商品回来,因此选B。


说话人没有提到A的“更换商品”和C的“拿出不需要的商品”;D的“计算 总的花费”是利用说话人在录音中提到的I
announce the total而制造的干扰项。此题需要做简单的推理,根据顾客拿了更多的商品回来这一信息来判断。
requires tolerance. √
calls for carefulness.
involves communication skills.
needs a good knowledge of math.
解析:[听力原文]
What does the speaker say about his job at the end of the talk?

[解析] 四个选项均是关于It需要某些技能,可推测问题可能与某事需要具备什么能力有关。说话人 最后提到要容忍顾
客,因为是顾客付给他工资,这一点是他不能忘,也不敢忘的,因此选A。B的car efulness,C的communication skills
以及D的math这些关键词说话 人均未提及。A的tolerance!是录音中tolerant的名词形式,符合“短文听力听到什么
选什么”的答题原则。另外,转折词But后往往是考查重点。

八、Passage Two (总题数:1,分数:12.00)

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
(分数:12.00)
A.A short presentation clearly delivered.
B.A package of ideas formally presented.
C.A clever use of visual aids in presentation.
D.A natural and spontaneous style of speech. √
解析:[听力原文]
The speech delivery style of Europeans and Asians tends to be very formal. Speakers of these
cultures often read oral presentations from carefully written manuscripts. On the other hand,
American speakers are generally more informal relative to speakers in other cultures. American
audiences prefer natural, spontaneous delivery that conveys a lively sense of They
communication.




don relate well to speakers who read from a manuscript. If you use an outline of your ideas
instead of a prepared text, your speech will not only sound more natural, but you will also be
able to establish better relationship with your listeners and keep their attention. The language


and style you use when making an oral presentation should not be the same as the language in style


you use when writing. Well-written information, that is meant to be read, does not work as well


when it is heard. It is, therefore, important for you to adapt written texts or outlines for
presentations. Good speakers are much more informal when speaking than when writing. They also
use their own words and develop their own speaking styles. Whenever possible, they use short words.
Listeners are appreciated when speakers use simple, everyday words in a presentation. One
advantage is that it is much easier for speakers to pronounce short words correctly. Another is
that long and sophisticated vocabulary choices make listening more difficult.



What does the speaker say American audiences prefer?

[解析] 四个选项都是名词短语的形式,都是讲演讲的呈现形式,可大概推测问题可能与 演讲有关。录音提到,美国听
众喜欢自然而发的、能够传递一种生动交流感的演讲,因此选D。A的sh ort presentation“简短的演讲”是利用录音
中they use short words“他们使用简短的词汇”制造干扰;B的A package of
ideas“一系列观点”是利用录音中的an outline of your ideas“你观点列成的提纲”制造干扰;C的clever use of
visual aids“聪明地运用视觉辅助”在录音中并未提及。D的关键词natural and
spontaneous为录音的原词,此题符合“短文听力听到什么选什么”的答题原则。
skillful use of gestures and facial expressions.
ences in style between writing and speaking. √
importance of preparation.
ent preferences of audiences.
解析:[听力原文]
What should one pay attention to when making an oral presentation?

[解析] 录音提到,做口头演讲的 时候,使用的语言和语体不应该和书面所用的一样,题目问的是做口头演讲应注意什
么,B说“书面与口 头语体的不同”,符合录音内容,故选B。只有B提及写作和口头表达的语体差异,此题判断的重要
依据 就是选项中的writing一词。A“熟练使用手势语和面部表情”、C“准备的重要性”和D“不同听众的偏 好”在录音
中均未提及。
key to becoming a good speaker. √
increasing importance of public speaking.
significance of cross-cultural communication.
differences between American and Asian cultures.
解析:[听力原文]
What does the speaker focus on in the talk?

[解析] 此题为主旨题,通过文中多次提到的presentation,speakers等关键词,以及文中给出的如 何成为一个好的演
讲人的建议,可以判断说话人关注的是如何成为一名好的演讲人,因此选A。B“公众 演讲日益重要”在录音中并未提及;
录音开头讲的是来自不同文化的人演讲风格不同,C“跨文化交际的 重要性”和D“美国和亚洲的文化差异”都是利用这
个信息拼凑出来的干扰项,均应排除。

九、Passage Three (总题数:1,分数:12.00)

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
(分数:12.00)
being given constant praise.
observing what their teachers do.
being repeatedly corrected by adults.

comparing his performance with others. √
解析:[听力原文]
Let children learn to judge their own work

A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much,


he will stop talking. He compares a thousand times a day the difference between language as he
uses it and language as those around him use it. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to
make his language like other peoples. In the same way, kids learning to do all the other things


they learn without adult teachers, to walk, run, climb, ride a bike, play games, compare their


own performance with what more skilled people do, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school


we never give a child a chance to detect his mistakes. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought


he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him. Soon he becomes dependent on


the expert. We should let him do it himself. Let him figure out, with the help of other children
if he wants it, what this word says, what is the answer to that problem, whether this is a good
way of saying or doing this or that.
If right answers need to be given, as in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let
him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such tedious work? Our job should
be to help children when they tell us that they can fend a way to get the right answer.

How does a child learn to do something according to the speaker?

[解析] 根据选项中的“by+v.-ing”结构,可推断本题可能问某人做某事的方式。录音提到 ,孩子是通过将自己的表现
和其他做得更好的人的表现进行比较,并慢慢做出改变来学做事情的,并不需 要成年老师,故本题答案为D。A的praise
“表扬”在录音中未被提及;B“观察老师做什么”和 C“不断被成年人纠正”跟录音中的they learn without adult teachers
相冲突,均应排除。
children should have equal opportunities.
is only natural for children to make errors.
en cannot detect their own mistakes. √
best students are usually smart by nature.
解析:[听力原文]

What belief do teachers commonly hold according to the speaker?

[解析] 录音提到,学校 的老师们仿佛认为孩子永远也发现不了错误,除非给他指出来,因此答案为C。A的“平等机会”
和D“ 好学生天生就聪明”在录音中没有提及;B“孩子犯错是很自然的”,与录音中老师对孩子的看法不一致,所以排
除。C的关键词detect mistakes是录音的原词,符合“短文听力听到什么选什么”的答 题原则。此外,转折词But之
后往往是出题重点。
is unhelpful to students learning. √
is unhealthy to students upbringing.
is beneficial to independent children.
is favorable to knowledge accumulation.


解析:[听力原文]
What does the speaker imply about the current way of teaching?

[解析] 此题需要一定的逻辑推理。录音说孩 子通过跟别人比较,从而改进自己的缺点,而学校的老师却不给孩子发现
自己缺点的机会,意即现在的教 学方式不利于学生的学习,因此答案为A。B的关键词upbringing、C的independent
children及D的knowledge accumulation在录音中均未提及,均应排除。

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