大学英语四级改革适用阅读模拟试卷293

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷293

(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：8，分数：60.00)

III Reading Comprehension
_______________________ __________________________________________________ _________________
解析：
n A
_________ __________________________________________________ _______________________________
解析：
The Mona Lisa is showing her age, museum curators (馆长) in Paris said while announcing a scientific
study of the 500-year-old masterpiece. The thin poplar wood 1around Leonardo da Vinci's painting
is showing signs of warping, causing curators at the Louvre some worry. The museum has 2a study
to evaluate the Mona Lisa's vulnerability (易受攻击) to climate changes. The painting will remain
on 3during the testing, the Louvre said. Its state of preservation is 4the source of some concern,
a statement issued by the museum said. Deterioration (变坏) in its wood panel was greater than
that which has been 5observed, it added. The study, to be conducted by the Centre for Research
and Restoration of Museums of France, will better 6what materials the painting is made of. The
painting, whose 7smile attracts millions of visitors to the Louvre, is displayed behind glass
to protect it from 8changes and camera flashes. It will be put in a specially 9room in the Louvre
early next year. The Mona Lisa was painted between 1503-1506 and was thought to be named after
the sitter, most likely the Florentine wife of Francesco del Giocondo. It moved to France with
da Vinci in the early 16th Century, where it has 10except for a short spell when it was stolen
in 1911. The painting was discovered two years later in a Florence hotel. A. mysterious B.
previously C. dose D. commissioned E. charity F. climatic G. intentionally H. redecorated I.
interfere J. display K. determine L. currently M. panel N. suspicious O. remained
（分数：20.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：M）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：J）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：K）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：O）
解析：解析：此处 应为动词的过去分词，与has构成句子的谓语，表明从16世纪开始，这幅画就一直留在了法国，因
此 remained是合适的单词。
n B
____________________ __________________________________________________ ____________________
解析：

Culture Shock A) Because I've lived in China for a long time, locals often smile and give me the
honorable title of being an Old China-hand. I'm flattered by that, but I know that no matter
how long I live here, I'll still be a lao-wai. But Chinese people are very hospitable, and in
many situations I feel very much at home. But it wasn't always that way. I must admit, it is not
easy to adapt to a new environment. Perhaps by sharing the experiences of one of my friends',
readers will gain some insight into adjustments that they may face in the future. B) My friend
Dr. Dong had a wonderful chance to go to Seattle to present a paper at a professional meeting.
Having attended my course in Intercultural Communications, he consulted me to review some of the
cultural differences he might experience. I also gave him the phone number of a friend of mine
who lived in the area. When he got back, we met to review his experience. Dr. Dong told me that
the course information had helped him. He experienced the typical stages of culture shock. He
arrived expectant (期待的) and happy and enjoyed his first days very much. At the medical
conference, he felt quite confident in his area of research and was able to perform well in his
presentation. But after a few days, he began to feel uncomfortable. His medical English was fine,
but the social interaction skills were different, and he was unsure of the cues and the
communication style. C) He worried more and more that he was misunderstanding simple English
greetings and table talk conventions. When someone greeted him with, Hi, how's it going? he
thought they had asked him where are you going? and answered with the name of the conference
hall, only to get a quizzical (古怪的) stare from them. At a western style dinner, a colleague
asked, So how're you enjoyin' the States? he thought he heard, how are you enjoying your steak?
and answered that he was eating chicken, not beef. That time, they smiled, and patiently repeated
the question, then both laughed at the error. D) Such misunderstandings and miscommunications
were minor. But for Dr. Dong, they were the beginning of a sense of cultural confusion. By the
end of the meetings, he felt a deep sense of cultural stress and was worn out from having to
pay attention to so many new expressions and ways of dealing with things. He felt his handshake
was not as firm as Americans', found that people reacted unusually when he modestly insisted his
English was not good after they complimented him, didn't know how to accept dinner invitations
properly and therefore missed out on going to several lunches, and so on. Eventually, he was so
bewildered that he felt the full impact of culture shock E) What is culture shock and why does
it occur? The term was coined about 50 years ago by the Swedish scholar, Kalvero Oberg. His seminal
(有重大影响的) article, Culture Shock: Adjustment to New Cultural Environments (1960) has been
reprinted and revised for many textbooks and magazines. He called it he occupational disease
of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. His use of the word disease is a pun,
because it implies that it is like an ailment (疾病 ), with its own symptoms and cure, but also
that the root cause is also a feeling of dis-ease, or unsettled uneasiness. F) Think back on
your own experience. Have you ever moved from one context to another? Many students feel some
of this adjustment shock when they change from one school to another, or move from a small town
to a big city. The list of sensations one feels in new surroundings often includes: Feeling like
an outsider, feeling unsure of oneself or even feeling stupid; sensing that one's language skills
aren't good enough, missing jokes, colloquial (口语的) phrases, references to TV shows or pop
songs or other cultural insider information; feeling lonely and wanting to go home, feeling
more and more like a stranger or outcast; feeling overwhelmed, overloaded, daydreaming, staring
blankly at things or even staring at nothing; becoming more and more afraid of communicating and
of making mistakes, worried, anxious. G) These are all symptoms of initial culture shock. With

a new context comes new ways of doing things. So being uninitiated (不被接纳的) and unsure of
what to do, this sense of displacement is often very strong at the beginning. But the good news
is that humans are very good at adapting. Though everyone undergoes some degree of psychological
stress in transition, after a few weeks or months, we learn how to
ead our new context. We
become aware of the new cues, the new expectations, errors, and with a lot of patience with oneself,
most people succeed in overcoming culture shock and learn to enjoy their new context. H) Dr. Dong's
visit to the US was only three weeks long, but by the end of the 5-day medical conference, he
was already starting to feel more confident. Sure he felt a little foolish about some of the
mistakes he had made, but he quickly learned to laugh at his errors and found his colleagues smiled
with him. This broke down the barriers to communication and helped him build some good professional
relationships. And after the conference, he contacted the family I had referred him to and had
a very nice time visiting them. There were some new cultural surprises, but he discovered he could
better understand and adapt to them. I) By the time he returned to China, he was feeling quite
positive about his American trip, and was glad for the new experiences and new skills it had given
him. He had become successful in the initial transitions to a new culture. Though he had gone
through some embarrassing or trying culture stresses, each had proven to be valuable learning
experiences, and in the end had helped him overcome culture shock. Of course, there were a hundred
other adjustments. Some were the ones most difficult at first. Getting used to new things is a
normal part of any transition—I wish you good luck in your future adjustments!（分数：20.00）
(1).When Dr. Dong was complimented for his English, he felt he didn't deserve it（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：D）
解析：解析：根据题目中的complimented定位到第D段第 4句。该句中第2个分句中的insisted his English
was not good表明Dr．Dong觉得自己的英语并没有别人称赞的那么好，题目信息与此相符，故D段为本题出处。
(2).Feeling like an outsider is one of the sensations one feels in a new environment.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：F）
解析：解析：根据Feeling like an outsider定位到第F段。该段第4句列举了人们在新环境下的一些情感， 首先提
到的就是感觉像外来者，因此本题信息来自于F段。
(3).Culture shock is defined as the occupational disease of people who have been suddenly
transplanted to foreign countries.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：E）
解析：解析：根据题目的occupational disease定位到E段。该段第4句引述一位 瑞典学者对该名词的定义，题目与
原文表述相符，故选E。
(4).For Dr. Dong, the embarrassing or trying culture stresses had turned out to be valuable
learning experiences.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：I）
解析：解析：根据题目中的embarrassing or trying culture stresses定位到I段第3句。该句中的each指代上半
句提到的embarrassing or trying culture stresses，而proved to be和题目中的turned out
to be对应，由此可见，I段为本题出处。
(5).When Dr. Dong was greeted with Hi, how's it going?, he responded with the name of a conference
hall.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：C）
解析：解析：根据题目中的“Hi，how's it going?”定位到C段。该段第2句提到，当人们问董博士“Hi，how's it going?”，
他回答了会议厅的名字，据此可判断题目信息来自于C段。

(6).Dr. Dong quickly learned to laugh at his own oral mistakes, which helped him break down the
barriers to communication.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：H）
解析：解析：根据题目的laugh at及barriers to communication可定位到H段。该段第2、3句意思综合在一起，即
为题目意思，故选H。
(7).Since we are good at adapting, we can learn to
ead our new context in a period as short
as a few weeks or months.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：G）
解析：解析：根据题目中的“read”our new context定位到G段第4、5句。第4 句提到人们善于适应环境，而第5句
说几周或者几个月后人们学会了理解新环境，题目信息结合了这两句 的内容。
(8).Dr. Dong attended a course of Intercultural Communications in order to get to know some of
the cultural differences.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：B）
解析：解析：根据关键词Intercultural Communications定位到B段。B段第2句与本题意思相同，故选 。B．
(9).It was the social interaction skills that troubled Dr. Dong during his visit to the US.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：B）
解析：解析：根据the social interaction skills定位到B段最后一句 ，该句表示董博士的医学英语并没有问题，转
折词but后所谈到的social interaction skills才是困扰他的问题，故选B。
(10).On many occasions I feel very much comfortable in China, because Chinese people are very
hospitable.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：A）
解析：解析：根据题目中的Chinese people are very hospitable 可定位到A段。该句提到，中国人很好客，在许多
情况下，“我”都觉得很轻松，题目信息与此相符，故 选A。
n C
________________________________ __________________________________________________ ________
解析：
In only two decades Asian Americans have become the fastest-growing U.S. minority. As their
children began moving up through the nation's schools, it became clear that a new class of academic
achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation's best universities, where
mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This
special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American
students who began their educations abroad arrived in the U.S. with a solid grounding in
mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promises of
a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics
and science because they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in
education is more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree. Most
Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that
their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An
effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their
children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something
in Asian culture that breeds success, such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize
education. Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that
they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants

were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving
all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.（分数：10.00）
(1).While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian- American students _____.（分数：2.00）
they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English
afraid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian character √
worry about unfair treatment in academic areas
lly feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents
解析：解 析：推理判断题。从最后一段的第1句可推断选项B。本文并未讨论选项A亚裔美国人受歧视的原因，也未讨论选项D，选项C与第1段倒数第2句不符。
(2).What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?（分数：2.00）
foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.
work and intelligence.
work and a limited knowledge of English.
culture and the American educational system. √
解析：解析：事实细节题。文章第2段第1句说明了第一个原因是American educational system，最后一句说明了第
二个原因为Asian culture，即选项D。选项A中的solid foundation in basic mathem atics在文章第1段提到，但
这只是亚裔美国学生偏爱数学和理工科的部分原因，选项B和C无原文 依据，且选项C后半部分也不合情理。
）2.00（分数：(3).Few Asian- American students major in human sciences mainly because _____.
English is not good enough
are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas √
is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures
know little about American culture and society
解析：解析：推理判断题。本题解题的关键在于理解human sciences指的是人文科学，而不是数学、物理等自然科学
(natural sciences)，因此，可以从第1段倒数第2句推断出答案B，其他三项均无原文依据。
(4).Why do the two explanations (Line 1, Para. 3) worry Asian Americans?（分数：2.00）
are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general. √
would think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.
Americans would be a threat to other minorities.
an academic achievements have taken on too strong an Asian character.
解析：解析：推理判断题。本题考查因果关系。本题仍然是针对最后一段的首句，because of指出了原因，结合下一句
的social isolation等词，可以推断亚裔美国人担心自己 的种族形象太突出，最终被社会所孤立，由此可见，A为正确
选项。本题最具干扰性的是选项D，该选项 中的character与原文的racial image意思相近，但与其说选项D是亚裔美
国人担 心的问题，不如说这是本土美国人应该担心的问题。
(5).The author's tone in this passage is_____.（分数：2.00）
hetic
ul
al
ive √
解析：解析：观点态度题。纵观全文 都找不到任何表露作者个人情感倾向的词语，也并未出现第一人称代词I。作者的
态度非常客观，只是在 陈述事实及现象，因此语气应为客观的，即选项D。
The struggle against malnutrition (营养不良) and hunger is as old as man himself, and never across
the face of our planet has the outcome been more in doubt. Malnutrition tortures an estimated
400 million to 1.5 billion of the world's poor. Even in the rich U.S., poverty means malnutrition
for an estimated ten to twenty million. Hardest hit are children, whose growing bodies demand

two and a half times more protein, than those of adults. Nutrition experts estimate that 70 percent
of the children in low-income countries are affected. Badly-shaped bodies tell the sad story of
malnutrition. Medical science identifies two major types of malnutrition which usually occur in
combination. The first, kwashiorkor, is typified by the bloated (肿胀的 ) look, the opposite of
what we associate with starvation. Accumulated fluids pushing against wasted muscles account for
the plumpness (丰满) of hands, feet, belly and face. Caused by an acute lack of protein, kwashiorkor
can bring brain damage, irritability, loss of appetite and so on. On the other hand, stick limbs,
a bloated belly, wide eyes, and the stretched-skin face of an old person mark victims of marasmus,
a word taken from the Greek o waste away. Lacking calcium (钙) as well as protein, sufferers
may weigh only half as much as normal. With fat gone, the skin hangs or draws tight over bones.
Children, whose growing bodies require large amounts of protein, suffer in greatest numbers, but
perhaps only three percent of all child victims suffer the extreme stages described. Scientists
are working hard to develop new weapons against malnutrition and starvation. But two thirds of
the human population of 3.9 billion live in the poorest countries which also have the highest
birth rates. Thus, of the 74 million people added to the population each year, four out of five
will be born in a have-not country—a country unable to supply its people's nutritional needs.（分数：10.00）
(1).Malnutrition is_____.（分数：2.00）
as serious as before
as serious as before
serious than before √
ed to be less serious

解析： 解析：事实细节题。本题考查双重否定句的理解。依据是文章第1句话，其中never…been more in
doubt则表示“从未(像现在这样)更令人置疑”，也就是说，现在营养不良的问题比以往 任何时候都更严峻，因此选C。
(2).The phrase waste away (Line 2, Para. 3) means _____.（分数：2.00）
thinner √

pe
calcium
解析：解析：词义推断题。本段第1句中的marasmus实际上等同于waste away，因此，要推断waste away的意义，只
要对照本句对患了marasmus的病人的描述，就可以判断waste away应与瘦弱有关，故选A。选项B、C、D均未抓住这
种病“瘦”的典型特征。
(3).Compared with adults, children are usually more seriously affected by malnutrition because
_____.（分数：2.00）
growth demands more protein than adults √
bodies demand more calcium than adults
do not have as much fat as adults
do not eat as much food as adults
解析：解析：事实细节题。第1段倒数第2句开头的分词结构首先指出了儿童受害最深，该句接着解释了 原因是因为儿
童的成长需要更多的蛋白质，由此可见，选项A正确。其他选项根据常识有一定的道理，但 在文中都并未明确指出，因
此不能选。
(4).Both of the two major types of malnutrition_____.（分数：2.00）
caused by lack of protein and calcium
happen to sufferers at the same time

cause malformation to sufferers' bodies √
damage sufferers' brain and their mood
解析：解析： 推理判断题。第2段首句概括了两种营养不良病症的共同特点，然后在第2段和第3段分别说明了两个病
症各自的特点。选项C中的malformation与首句的badly-shaped body是同义替换 ，因此C为正确选项。选项A不正
确，因为文中虽指出两种病症均由缺乏protein引起，并未说明 它们都由缺乏calcium引起。选项B与第2段第2句的
陈述相反，因此也不正确。选项D是夸希奥 科病可能造成的后果。
(5).It can be inferred from the passage that the struggle against malnutrition is _____.（分数：2.00）
n to succeed
to succeed
n to fail
to succeed √
解 析：解析：推理判断及观点态度题。解答本题的一个重要线索是最后一段，特别是该段第2句开头表示转折的信号 词
but，表示作者对于和营养不良的斗争态度并不乐观。选项A(必定成功)、B(可能成功)、C( 必定失败)都与作者态度不符。