宾语从句用法详解复习课程

语从句法详解




宾用

宾语从句用法详解(例句丰富)


一、宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引
导：
1. that引导
We believe that he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。
The doctor insists that I give up smoking医生坚持要我戒烟。
I suggest that we should go tomorrow. 我建议我们明天走。
I suggested that we should go the next day. 我建议我们第二天走。
We learnt from his letter that he was in Spain. 从他的信里我们了解到他在西班牙。
The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days. 卖方要求5日内付款。
2. whether if引导
I don’t know whether he’ll arrive in time. 我不知道他是否能及时到。
I didn’t know whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。
I’ll see whether I can induce him to accept it. 我要看看我是否能劝他接受。
I asked her whether she agreed. 我问她是否同意。
He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish. 他问她父母是否讲西班牙语。
I wonder if it’s large enough. 我不知道它是否够大。
She didn’t say if he was still alive. 她没说他是否还活着。
3. 连接代词引导
I don’t know who [whom] you mean. 我不知道你指谁。
Please tell me which you like. 告诉我你喜欢哪一个。
I’Il do whatever I can do. 我将做我所能做的事。
You can take whichever you like. 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。
We’ll do whatever we can to save him. 我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。
Take whichever seat you like. 你要坐哪个座就坐哪个座位。
Give it to whoever you like. 你把它爱给谁就给谁。
You don’t know what you are talking about. 你在说什么，你自己也不知道。
Tomorrow at this time we’ll know who is elected. 明天这时候我们就会知道谁当选了。
4. 连接副词引导
He asked why he had to go alone. 他问他为什么必须一个人去。
You don’t know when you are lucky. 你身在福中不知福。

I asked how he was getting on. 我问他情况怎样。
He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。
Have you found out how wide the ditch Was? 你了解到那条沟有多宽吗?
I’d like to know when they will let him out. 我很想知道他们什么时候会放他出来。
We didn’t know why he had answered in that fashion. 我们不明白他为什么这样回答。
3. 关系代词what引导

She has got what she wanted. 她要的东西得到了。

I want to tell you what I hear. 我想把听到的情况告诉你。

He could not express what he felt. 他无法表达内心的感受。

They did what they could to console her. 他们尽量安慰她。

They thought they could do what they liked with him. 他们以为他们可以对他为所欲为。

【注意】有 时介词后可接一个宾语从句(但介词后通常不接that和if引导的宾语从
句)：

From what you say, he is right. 根据你所说的，他是对的。

有极个别介词(如but, except)可接that引导的宾语从句：

She remembered nothing about him except that his hair was black. 她对他什么都不记得，
只记得他的头发是黑的。

比较下面两句用what引导的宾语从句，它们的意思不一样：

He began to think about what he should do. 他开始考虑应当怎样做。



二、宾语从句与形式宾语it

当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时 ，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾
语从句移至句末：

I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。

He hasn’t made it known when he is going to get married. 他还没宣布他何时结婚。

She found it difficult to answer the question. 她发现回答这个问题很困难。

He feels it his duty to hetp others. 他认为帮助别人是他的责任。

He thought it best to be on his guard. 他认为他最好还是要警惕。

He made it a rule to speak in Parliament at least once every session. 他规定自己在议会每次
开会时至少发一次言。

I find it interesting talking go you. 我觉得同你谈话很有意思。

I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination. 我认为考试作弊是不对的。

三、连词that的省略问题

引导宾语从句的连词that 通常可以省略：

She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。

I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去。

I hoped (that) I would should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。

He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。

He thought (that) they would give him 3 visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。

I expect (that) the plane will he diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。

I expected (that) the plane would be diverted. 我本料想飞机会改变航线。

Everybody knows (that) money doesn’t grow on trees. 众所周知，金钱是不会从树上长出
来的。

I suggested (that) they should shouldn’t drive along the coast. 我建议他们沿着 不要沿着
海岸开车。

【注】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：

That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。



四、宾语从句与否定转移

当动词think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时，其
否定通常转移到主语：

I don’t suppose that it is true. 我认为那不是真的。

I don’t imagine that he will come. 我想他不会来的。(from )

I don’t think we need waste much time on it. 我想我们不必在这上面花太多时间

We didn’t think we’d be this late. 我们没想到我们会到得这么晚。

I don’t suppose I’ll trouble you again. 我想我不要再麻烦你了。

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宾语从句讲解及其练习题（附答案）

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一，引导词
A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish ,
hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后 。连词that只

起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被 省略，
但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。
例：I told him that he was wrong.
l在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓
语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。
例：I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后
面，而用it做形式宾语。
例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向
每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if
在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
例：I don’t know ifwhether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked ifwhether we had finished the experiment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.

例：I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
C,由wh- 引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连
接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句
的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。
例：Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语)
I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)
二，宾语从句的语序，
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例：I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
二，宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，
既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。

主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在
主 句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。
例:
1)She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she has finished her homework already.
She said that she had finished her homework already.
4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in English.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用
一般现在时态。
例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
He told me that Japan is an island country.
lCould you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过
去。
例：Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?
注意事项：

u由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。
例：She said: “I have been to England before.”
She said that she had been to England before.
She asked me: “Do you like maths?”
She asked me if I liked maths.
u宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句 的主
语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式
”做宾语的简单句结构。
例：I don’t know what I should do next.
I con’t know what to do next.
He didn’t know where he would live.
He didn’t know where to live.
DO SOME EXERCISES:
you see________?
A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading
C. what does he read D. he reads what
Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)
Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan?

3._What did your son say in the letter?
_He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day
visit B. has visited
C. is going to visit D. would visit
didn’t know__________
’s the matter the matter is
C. what was the matter D. what the matter was
dy called you just now,but I didn’t know____
were they B. who they were
C. who was it D. who it was
6.I want to know_____
is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
7.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for?
---Her cousin,susan.
C .who
8.--- What are you searching the Internet for?
---I’m trying to find out____.
is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU
many persons have died in Iraq
to protect our environment
is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea

you know___________?(谁正在唱歌)
you know___________?(她正在和谁谈话)
you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)
The keys: 1 A.2 if ,comes.3D. 4 C. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B
9 who is singing
10 who she is talking with
11 what happened yesterday
1 宾语从句专项练习|英语语法
( ) 1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
( ) 2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone
C. has never been D. had never been
( ) 3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had B. has . C. will have D. are
( ) 4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
( ) 5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled
2
( ) 1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
A. who B. what C. when D. that
( ) 2 I don’t know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
( ) 3 I hardly understand.___ he has told me.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
( ) 4 She didn’t know___ back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be
( ) 5 I don’t know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what
( ) 6 Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
A. what B when C why D how
( ) 7 He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose

3
( ) don’t know ______their parents are.
A that B what C why D which
( ) tell me ______what last year.
does your sister work B where did your sister work
C where your sister works D where your sister worked
( ) asked me if I knew ______.
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was
C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
( ) 4. You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
( ) 5 Did you know ____?
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
( ) 6 Could you tell me ___?
A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing


参考答案：
1. 1-5 A D C B C
2. 1-7 C B B A A A C
3. 1-6 B D B A A C