2020年英语翻译三级笔译英译汉模拟题及答案

2020年英语翻译三级笔译英译汉模拟题及答案

When night falls in remote parts of Africa and the Indian
subcontinent, hundreds of millions of people without access
to electricity turn to candles or kerosene lamps for
illumination.

Slowly through small loans for solar powered devices,
microfinance is bringing light to these rural regions where a
lack of electricity has stemmed economic development, held
down literacy rates and damaged health.

“Earlier, they could not do much once the sun set. Now,
the sun is used differently. They have increased their
productivity, improved their health and socio-economic
status,” said Pinal Shah from SEWA Bank, a micro-lending
institution.

Vegetable seller Ramiben Waghri took out a loan to buy a
solar lantern which she uses to light up her stall at night.
The lantern costs between $$66-$$112, about a week’s income
for Waghri. “The vegetables look better by this light, and
it’s cheaper than kerosene and doesn’t smell,” said Waghri,
who estimates she makes about 300 rupees ($$6) more each
evening with her lantern. “If we can use the sun to save
some money, why not?”

In India, solar power projects, often funded by micro
credit institutions, are helping the country reduce carbon
emissions and achieve its goal to double the contribution of
renewable energy to 6%, or 25,000 megawatts, within the next
four years.

Off-grid applications such as solar cookers and lanterns,
which can provide several hours of light at night after being
charged by the sun during the day, will help cut dependence
on fossil fuels and reduce the fourth biggest emitter’s
carbon footprint, said Pradeep Dadhich, a senior fellow at
energy research institute TERI in India“ They are reaching
people who otherwise have limited or no access to electricity
and depend on kerosene, diesel or firewood for their energy
need,” he said. “The appliances not only satisfy these
needs, they also improve the quality of life and reduce the
carbon emissions.”

SEWA, or the Self-Employed Women’s Association, is
among a growing number of microfinance institutions in India
focused on providing affordable renewable energy sources to
poor people, who otherwise would have had to stand for hours
to buy kerosene for lamps or trudge kilometers to collect
firewood for cooking.

SKS, Microfinance, the largest such institution in India,
offers solar lamps to its 5 million customers, while the
Rural Solar Electricity Foundation helps pay for lamps and
systems for homes and street lighting for villagers in India,
Nepal and Bangladesh.

In neighboring Bangladesh, the state-owned and private-
sector power plants can generate 3,700 to 4,300 megawatts of
electricity a day against a demand of 5,500 megawatts,
according to the state-run power development board. With only
40 percent of the country’s people having access to
electricity, microfinance institutions like Grameen Bank have
made a major push toward expanding the use of solar power.

Since 2001, 350,000 solar home systems have been installed in
Bangladesh and 550,000 solar lanterns have been distributed,
bringing solar power to about 4 million people.

“Right now 2.5million people are benefiting from solar
energy, and we have a plan to reach 10 million people by the
end of 2020,” said Dipal Chandra Barua, managing director of
Grameen Shakti, an offshoot of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize
winner Grameen Bank, which encourages the use of alternative
energy.

参考答案

在印度次大陆的边远地区 ，当夜幕降临的时候，数亿人用不上电，
靠蜡烛或煤油灯照明。用小额短期贷款购买太阳能装置，小额借 贷逐
步地给这些农村地区带来了光明。缺点一直防碍着那些地方的经济发
展，限制了识字率的提 升，损害了人们的健康。

赛瓦银行是一家小额信贷机构，其工作人员皮纳·沙赫说，“ 早
先，太阳一落山，人们就干不了多少事了。现在，采取不同的方法来
利用太阳，人们提升了生 产力，改善了健康状况，提升了社会经济地
位。”

拉米本·瓦格里是一个菜贩 ，她贷款购买了一盏太阳能灯，夜晚
挂在菜摊上照明。一盏太阳能灯标价66至112美元，大约是瓦格 里女
士这样的人一周的收入。瓦格里女士说：“这盏灯一照，蔬菜显得更
新鲜了，而且这还比用 煤油便宜，也没什么气味。”她估计，有了这
盏灯，她每晚可多挣300卢比，合6美元。她说：“要是 能用太阳省
点钱，干嘛不呢?”

在印度，太阳能项目往往能得到小额信贷机构 的资助，这些项目
正协助这个国家减少碳排放，并在未来4年内实现使可再生能源的贡
献率翻一 番的目标，即6%，合25,000兆瓦。

印度能源资源研究所(简称 TERI)高级研究员普拉迪普·达迪奇称，
不靠电网供电的电器，如太阳能灶和在白天吸收太阳能后可 在夜间照
明数小时之久的太阳能灯，将有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖。他还说：
“很多人用不上 电，或只能用少量的电，而用煤油、柴油或柴火满足
其能源需求，现在他们也能用上这些电器了。这些电 器不但能满足他
们的需求，还能提升他们的生活质量，减少碳排放量。”

个体 经营妇女协会(简称SEWA)是印度日益增多的小额信贷机构之
一，其工作重点是向穷人提供廉价的可 再生能源，否则这些穷人只得
排数小时的队去买煤油点灯，或跋涉几公里路去拾柴做饭。

SKS小额借贷公司是印度此类机构中的，它向500万客户提供太
阳能灯，而农村太阳 能电力基金会则为印度、尼泊尔和孟加拉国村民
购买此类家庭用灯和街道照明系统付款。

国家电力发展局提供的数据，在邻国孟加拉，国营和私营发电厂
每天能生产3700至4 300兆瓦的电力，而每天的电需求量则是5500兆
瓦。因为仅有40%的人能用上电，小额借贷机构 如格拉民银行就大力推
广利用太阳能。自2001年以来，已在孟加拉国安装了35万套家用太
阳能设备， 提供了55万盏太阳能灯， 使约400万人用上了太阳能。

格拉民银行曾因提倡使用替代能源而荣获2006年诺贝尔和平奖，
其分支机构格拉民沙克蒂公司总裁迪帕.钱德拉.巴鲁亚说， “当前有
250万人受益于太阳 能，我们还有一个计划，到2020年底前要把太阳
能推广至1000万人。”