日常英语单词分类

数字
Eleven [i'lev?n] 十一
Twelve [twelve] 十二
Thirteen ['θ?:'ti:n] 十三
Fourteen ['f?:'ti:n] 十四
Fifteen ['fifti:n] 十五
nineteen [,nain'ti:n] 十九
twenty ['twenti] 二十
thirty ['θ?:ti] 三十
first [f?:st] 第一
second ['sek?nd] 第二
third [θ?:d] 第三
forth [f?:θ] 第四
fifth [fifθ] 第五
tenth [tenθ] 第十
hundred ['h?ndr?d] 百
th?usand ['θauz?nd] 千
million ['milj?n] 百万
billion ['bilj?n] 十亿

时间
season ['si:z?n] 四季
meridiem [m?'ridi:?m] 正午
A.M. (a.m.)
（ante meridiem）
morning上午
P.M. (p.m.)
（post meridiem）
afternoon下午
spring [spri?] 春天
summer ['s?m?] 夏天
fall [f?:l] 秋天
winter ['wint?] 冬天
yesterday ['jest?di,-dei] 昨天
tomorrow [t?'m?r?u, -'m?:-] 明天
Monday ['m?ndi] 星期一
Tuesday ['tju:zdi; -dei] 星期二
Wednesday ['wenzdi; -dei] 星期三
Thursday ['θ?:zdi; -dei] 星期四
Friday ['fraidi] 星期五
Saturday ['s?t?di; -dei] 星期六
Sunday ['s?ndei] 星期天
weekend [,wi:k'end, 'wi:kend] 周末
Jan.(January) ['d??nju?ri] 一月
Feb. (February) ['febru?ri] 二月
Mar. (March) [ma:t?] 三月
Apr. (April) ['eipr?l] 四月
May [mei] 五月
June [d?u:n] 六月
July [d?u:'lai] 七月
Aug. (August) [?:'g?st] 八月
Sept. (September) [sep'temb?] 九月
Oct. (October) [?k't?ub?] 十月
Nov. (November) [n?u'vemb?] 十一月

Dec. (December) [di'semb?] 十二月

饮食
nutrition [nju:’tri??n] 营养
appetite [‘?pitait] 胃口
hunger [‘h??g?] 饥饿
thirst [θ?:st] 口渴
hungry [‘h??gri] 饥饿的
thirsty [‘θ?:sti] 口渴的
gluttony [‘gl?t?ni] 暴食
greed [gri:d] 贪嘴
overfeeding 吃得过多
diet [‘dai?t] 食谱
banquet [‘b??kwit] 宴会
breakfast [‘brekf?st] 早餐
lunch [l?nt?] 午餐
dinner [‘din?] 正餐
supper [‘s?p?] 晚饭
s?up [su:p] 汤
entree [‘?ntrei] 正菜
dessert [di’z?:t] 甜点
snack [sn?k] 点心小吃
can [k?n] 罐头
tin [tin] 听，罐头
fruit [fru:t] 水果
vegetable [‘ved?it?bl] 蔬菜
beancurd ['bi:nk?:d] 豆腐
crisp [krisp] 炸土豆片
chips [t?ips] 炸薯条
milk [milk] 奶
egg [eg] 蛋

肉类
meat [mi:t] 肉
beef [bi:f] 牛肉
veal [vi:l] 小牛肉
lamb [l?m] 羔羊肉
mutton [‘m?t?n] 羊肉
sirloin [‘s?:l?in] 牛里脊肉
steak [steik] 牛排
chop [t??p] 排骨
cutlet [‘k?tlit] 肉条
stew [stju:, stu:] 炖；焖；炖肉
roast [r?ust] 烤肉
pork [p?:k] 猪肉
ham [h?m] 火腿
bacon [‘beik?n] 培根；咸肉；熏肉
sausage [‘s?sid?] 香肠；腊肠
chicken [‘t?ikin] 鸡肉
turkey [‘t?:ki] 火鸡

duck [d?k] 鸭
fish [fi?] 鱼
broth [br?θ] 肉汤

调料
spice [spais] 调料
salt [s?:lt] 盐
vinegar [‘vinig?] 醋
sauce [s?:s] 酱油
oil [?il] 油
salad ['s?l?d] 色拉
salad oil 色拉油
pepper [‘pep?] 辣椒；胡椒；胡椒粉
mustard [‘m?st?d] 芥末
clove [kl?uv] 丁香
cheese [t?i:z] 奶酪
butter [‘b?t?] 奶油

主食
noodle [‘nu:dl] 面条
rice [rais] 米饭
loaf [l?uf] 长面包
biscuit [‘biskit] (英)饼干；(美)小甜品
cracker ['kr?k?] 饼干（美）
Pizza ['pi:ts?] 比萨饼
bread [bred] 面包
crust [kr?st] 面包皮
cake [keik] 蛋糕
cookie [‘kuki] 甜饼干，曲奇饼（美）
mooncake [‘mu:nkeik] 月饼
pie [pai] 馅饼
hamburg [‘h?mb?:g] 汉堡包
pancake ['p?nkeik] 薄煎饼
sandwich ['s?nwid?] 三明治；夹肉面包

饮料
tea [ti:] 茶
coffee ['k?fi] 咖啡
juice [d?u:s] 果汁
wine [wain] 葡萄酒
beverage ['bev?rid?] 饮料
drink [dri?k] 酒，饮料
mineral water ['min?r?l 'w?:t?] 矿泉水
lemonade [,lem?’neid] 柠檬水
beer [bi?] 啤酒
claret [‘kl?r?t] 红葡萄酒
cider [‘said?] 苹果酒
champagne [,??m’pein] 香槟酒
cocktail [‘k?k,teil] 鸡尾酒
vodka [‘v?dk?] 伏特加

whisky [‘wiski] 威士忌
brandy [‘br?ndi] 白兰地
martini [ma:’ti:ni] 马提尼酒（鸡尾酒）

餐具
menu [‘menju:] 菜单菜谱
bowl [b?ul] 碗
table [‘teibl] 餐桌
tablecloth [‘teiblkl?θ] 桌布
napkin [‘n?pkin] 餐巾
cutlery [‘k?tl?ri] 餐具
fork [f?:k] 叉
spoon [spu:n] 匙，勺子
teaspoon [‘ti:spu:n] 茶匙
ladle [‘leidl] 长柄勺
knife [naif] 刀
glass [gla:s] 玻璃杯
bottle [‘b?tl] 瓶子
cup [k?p] 杯子
saucer [‘s?:s?] 茶碟，咖啡碟
teapot [‘ti:p?t] 茶壶
coffeepot [] 咖啡壶
tray [trei] 托盘


甜食
honey [‘h?ni] 蜂蜜
sugar [‘?ug?] 糖
chocolate [‘t??k?lit] 巧克力
candy [‘k?ndi] 糖果
compote [‘k?mp?ut] 蜜饯，糖煮水果
jam [d??m] 果酱

味觉
s?ur [‘sau?] 酸的
sweet [swi:t] 甜的
bitter [‘bit?] 苦的
hot [h?t] 辣的
salty [‘s?:lti] 咸的
delici?us [di’li??s] 美味的

水果
apple [‘?pl] 苹果
pear [pε?] 梨
apricot [‘eiprik?t] 杏
peach [pi:t?] 桃
grape [greip] 葡萄
banana [b?’na:n?] 香蕉
pineapple [‘pain,?pl] 菠萝
plum [pl?m] 李子

watermelon ['w?:t?mel?n, 'w?-] 西瓜
orange [‘?rind?] 橙，桔子
lemon [‘lem?n] 柠檬
mango [‘m??g?u] 芒果
strawberry [‘str?:b?ri] 草莓
loquat [‘l?ukw?t] 枇杷
mulberry [‘m?lb?ri] 桑椹
cherry [‘t?eri] 樱桃
pomegranate [‘p?mgr?nit] 石榴
fig [fig] 无花果
persimmon [p?’sim?n] 柿子
walnut ['w?:ln?t, -n?t] 胡桃，核桃
hazelnut [‘heiz?ln?t] 榛子
peanut [‘pi:n?t] 花生
date [‘deit] 枣
chestnut [‘t?esn?t] 粟子
coconut [‘k?uk?n?t] 椰子，可可果
guava [‘gwa:v?] 番石榴
sugarcane [‘?ug?,kein] 甘蔗

蔬菜
tomato [t?’ma:t?u] 番茄，西红柿
asparagus [?’sp?r?g?s] 芦笋
cucumber [‘kju:k?mb?] 黄瓜
eggplant ['egpla:nt,-pl?nt] 茄子
bean [bi:n] 豆，菜豆
beetroot [‘bi:t,ru:t] 甜菜根
potato [p?’teit?u] 马铃薯
carrot [‘k?r?t] 胡萝卜
cauliflower ['k?li,flau?] 花菜
pumpkin [‘p?mpkin] 南瓜
cabbage [‘k?bid?] 圆白菜，卷心菜
chilli [‘t?ili] 红辣椒
capsicum [‘k?psik?m] 辣椒
garlic [‘ga:lik] 蒜
fennel [‘fenl] 茴香
melon [‘mel?n] 香瓜，甜瓜
celery [‘sel?ri] 芹菜
onion [‘?nj?n] 葱
leek [li:k] 韭菜
radish [‘r?di?] 萝卜
mushroom [‘m??ru:m] 蘑菇
lettuce [‘letis] 莴苣，生菜
pea [pi:] 豌豆
spinach ['spinid?, -it?] 菠菜

服饰
clothes [kl?u?z] 衣服，服装
clothing ['kl?u?i?] 服装
suit [sju:t,su:t] 男西装，男外衣

dress [dres] 女装，连衣裙
uniform ['ju:nif?:m] 制服
coat [k?ut] 外套
jacket ['d??kit] 夹克，短上衣
pocket ['p?kit] 衣袋，口袋
sleeve [sli:v] 袖子，衣袖
shirt [??:t] 衬衫，内衣
sweater ['swet?] 毛衣，运动衫
tr?users ['trauz?z] 裤子
belt [belt] 腰带
skirt [sk?:t] 裙子
slip [slip] 长衬裙；肩带式女长内衣
handkerchief ['h??k?t?if,-t?i:f] 手帕
shoe [?u:] 鞋
sole [s?ul] 鞋底
heel [hi:l] 鞋后跟，脚后跟
boot [bu:t] 靴子
glove [gl?v] 手套
tie [tai] 领带
cotton ['k?t?n] 棉花
ring [ri?] 戒指
necklace [’neklis] 项链
perfume [p?’fju:m] 香水
purse [p?:s] 手提包，钱包，女用包
muffler [’m?fl?] 围巾
jeans [d?i:nz] 牛仔裤
shorts [??:ts] 短裤，内裤
sandal ['s?d?l] 凉鞋，拖鞋，便鞋
vest [vest] 背心，汗衫
sneaker ['sni:k?] 运动鞋
pants [p?nts] 裤子；短裤
bra [bra:] 乳罩
stocking [’st?ki?] 长袜，长筒袜
sock [s?k] 短袜，袜子
apron [’eipr?n] 围裙
slipper [’slip?] 拖鞋
earring [’i?ri?] 耳环，耳饰
lipstick [’lipstik] 口红，唇膏
tissue ['ti?ju:, -sju:] 纸巾，面纸
raincoat [’reink?ut] 雨衣
button [’b?t?n] 纽扣
collar [’k?l?] 衣领，领子
wallet [’w?lit] 钱包，皮夹
bl?use [blauz] 女衬衫

天气
meteorology [,mi:ti?'r?l?d?i] 气象学
atmosphere [‘?tm?,sfi?] 大气
climate [‘klaimit] 气候
weather [‘we??] 天气

fine [fain] adj.晴天
clear [kli?] adj.晴朗的
sunny [‘s?ni] adj.晴朗的，暖和的
rainy [‘reini] adj.下雨的，多雨的
dull [d?l] adj.阴天的，多云的
windy [‘windi] adj.刮风的，有风的
temperature [‘temp?rit??] 气温，温度
season [‘si:z?n] 季节，四季
spring [spri?] 春天
summer [‘s?m?] 夏天，夏季
autumn [‘?:t?m] 秋天，秋季
fall [f?:l] （美）秋天，秋季
winter [‘wint?] 冬天，冬季
frost [fr?st] 霜
hail [heil] 冰雹
snow [sn?u] 雪
thunder [‘θ?nd?] 雷
wind [wind] 风
mist [mist] 薄雾
cl?ud [klaud] 云，阴云
haze [heiz] 阴霾，薄雾
rain [rein] 雨
downp?ur [‘daunp?:] 暴雨
shower [‘?au?] 阵雨
storm [st?:m] 暴风雨，风暴
lightning [‘laitni?] 闪电
hurricane [‘h?rik?n] 飓风，暴风
cyclone [‘saikl?un] 旋风，飓风
typhoon [tai’fu:n] 台风
tornado [t?:’neid?u] 龙卷风
gale [geil] 季节风，大风，狂风
breeze [bri:z] 微风
monsoon [m?n'su:n] 季风，雨季，季候风
fog [f?g] 浓雾
dew [dju:, du:] 露水
humidity [hju:’mid?ti] 潮湿，湿度
freeze [fri:z] 冰冻
dr?ught [draut] 干旱
rainbow [‘reinb?u] 彩虹
flood [fl?d] 洪水
tide [taid] 潮汐，潮水
earthquake [‘?:θkweik] 地震
sunlight [‘s?nlait] 阳光，日光，日照
sunshine [‘s?n?ain] 阳光，日光，日照

身体
head [hed] 头
hair [hε?] 头发
face [feis] 脸
cheek [t?i:k] 脸颊

ear [i?] 耳朵
eye [ai] 眼睛
lid [lid] 眼睑
nose [n?uz] 鼻子
m?uth [mauθ] 嘴
lip [lip] 嘴唇
throat [θr?ut] 咽喉，嗓子
tonsil [’t?nsil] 扁桃体，扁桃腺
tooth [tu:θ] 牙齿
denture [’dent??] 假齿
gum [g?m] 牙龈
tongue [t??] 舌头
neck [nek] 脖子
skull [sk?l] 颅骨，头盖骨
brain [brein] 脑
chin [t?in] 下巴
forehead [’f?rid] 额头，前额
temple [’templ] 太阳穴，鬓角
mustache [m?'stɑ:?, 'm?st??] 小胡子
beard [bi?d] 山羊胡，胡须
whisker [’hwisk?] 络腮胡，胡须
sidebums [] 鬓角
sideburns ['saidb?:nz] 鬓脚；连鬓胡子
baldhead ['b?:ldhed] 秃头，秃顶
wrinkle [’ri?kl] 皱纹
mole [m?ul] 痣
freckle [’frekl] 雀斑
dimple [’dimpl] 酒涡
pimple [’pimpl] 粉刺，疙瘩，青春痘，丘疹
nipple [’nipl] 乳头
chest [t?est] 胸部
navel [’neiv?l] 肚脐
abdomen [?b'd?umen, '?bd?men] 腹部，腹腔
sh?ulder [’??uld?] 肩，肩膀，肩部
back [b?k] 背部；手背
waist [weist] 腰，腰部
hip [hip] 臀部
buttock [’b?t?k] 屁股，半边臀部
finger ['fi?g?] 手指
thumb [θ?m] 大拇指
forefinger [’f?:,fi?g?] 食指
middle finger [] 中指
third finger [] 无名指
little finger [] 小指
palm [pa:m] 手掌
nail [neil] 指甲
fist [fist] 拳头
knuckle [’n?kl] 指关节
wrist [rist] 手腕，腕关节
elbow [’elb?u] 肘部

armpit [’ɑ:mpit] 腋下，腋窝
thigh [θai] 大腿
kneecap [‘ni:k?p] 膝盖骨
knee [ni:] 膝盖，膝
shank [???k] 小腿
calf [ka:f, k?f] 小腿肚
foot [fut] 脚
instep [’instep] 脚背
toe [t?u] 脚趾；足尖
ankle [’??kl] 踝，踝关节
heel [hi:l] 脚后跟；鞋后跟
sole [s?ul] 脚底；鞋底
arch [a:t?] 脚掌心，足弓

日用品
comb [k?um] 梳子
glass [gla:s, gl?s] 玻璃杯
umbrella [?m’brel?] 雨伞
bag [b?g] 袋子，包
handbag [‘h?ndb?g] 手提包
handkerchief [‘h??k?t?if] 手帕；头巾，围巾
purse [p?:s] 钱包
wallet [‘w?lit] 钱包，皮夹
watch [w?t?] 手表
match [m?t?] 火柴
chair [t?ε?] 椅子
armchair [,a:m't?ε?, 'a:m-] 扶手椅
bench [bent?] 长椅子，长凳
rug [r?g] 小地毯，地毯
carpet [‘ka:pit] 大地毯，地毯
desk [desk] 书桌，办公桌
fan [f?n] 风扇
furniture [‘f?:nit??] 家具
bed [bed] 床
bedclothes ['bedkl?u?z] 铺盖，床上用品
blanket [‘bl??kit] 毛毯，毯子
pillow [‘pil?u] 枕头
quilt [kwilt] 棉被，被子
sheet [?i:t] 床单
mat [m?t] 席子
cushion [‘ku??n] 垫子
curtain [‘k?:t?n] 窗帘，帘子
suitcase [‘sju:tkeis] 手提箱；衣箱
cupboard [‘k?b?d] 碗柜，橱柜
drawer [dr?:] 抽屉
stool [stu:l] 凳子
clock [kl?k] 时钟
light [‘lait] 灯
lamp [l?mp] 灯
needle [‘ni:dl] 针

thread [θred] 线
bathroom [‘ba:θrum] 浴室，厕所
mirror [‘mir?] 镜子
soap [s?up] 肥皂
towel [‘tau?l] 毛巾，手巾
lavatory [‘l?v?t?ri] 洗脸盆，厕所
toothpaste [‘tu:θpeist] 牙膏
closet [‘kl?zit] 壁橱
screen [skri:n] 屏风，屏幕
shelf [?elf] 架子，搁板
rack [r?k] 行李架
toilet [‘t?ilit] 卫生间，厕所
tap [t?p] 水龙头
bath [ba:θ] 浴缸，浴盆
sponge [sp?nd?] 海绵
thermometer [θ?’m?mit?] 温度计，体温计
bulb [b?lb] 灯泡
switch [swit?] 开关
plug [pl?g] 插头
telephone [‘telif?un] 电话
hook [huk] 挂钩，衣钩
toothbrush [‘tu:θbr??] 牙刷
perfume [p?’fju:m] 香水
torch [t?:t?] 手电筒，火把
battery [‘b?t?ri] 电池
lock [l?k] 锁
trunk [tr??k] 大衣箱；车后行李箱（美）
antique [?n’ti:k] 古玩，古董
cradle [‘kreidl] 摇篮
television [‘teli,vi??n] 电视机
radio [‘reidi?u] 收音机
microphone [‘maikr?f?un] 麦克风，话筒
refrigerator [ri’frid??reit?] 冰箱
stereo [‘steri,?u] 立体音响系统(或设备)
glue [glu:] 胶水，胶
eraser [i’reiz?] 橡皮擦

工具
toolbox [‘tu:l,b?ks] 工具箱
bench [bent?] 工作台，钳工台
vice [vais] 老虎钳
saw [s?:] 锯
plane [plein] 刨子
file [‘fail] 锉
square [skwε?] 直角尺，丁字尺
hammer [‘h?m?] 锤子
nail [neil] 钉子
brad [br?d] 平头钉，无头钉，曲头钉
screw [skru:] 螺丝钉
screwdriver [‘skru:,draiv?] 螺丝刀，改锥

ruler [‘ru:l?] 尺
sandpaper [‘s?nd,peip?] 砂纸
spanner [‘sp?n?] 扳手（英国）
wrench [rent?] 扳手（美国）
drill [dril] 钻，钻头
nut [n?t] 螺母，螺帽
bolt [b?ult] 螺栓
pin [pin] 大头针，针
spade [speid] 铁锹，铲子
fork [f?:k] 叉子
shovel [‘??v?l] 铁锹，铲
rake [reik] 耙子
roller [‘r?ul?] 滚筒；滚轴
sickle [‘sikl] 镰刀
brush [br??] 刷子，毛笔，画笔
scissors [‘siz?z] 剪子，剪刀
pickaxe ['pik?ks] 丁字镐，鹤嘴锄
axe [?ks] 斧子
lever [‘li:v?] 杠杆
crank [kr??k] 曲柄，曲轴
lathe [lei?] 车床
clip [klip] 回形针；夹子
compass [‘k?mp?s] 指南针，罗盘
ladder [‘l?d?] 梯子

公共设施
school [sku:l] 学校
university [,ju:ni’v?:s?ti] 大学
college [‘k?lid?] 学院
institute [‘institjut] 学会，协会；学院
hospital [‘h?spit?l] 医院
clinic [‘klinik] 诊所
shop [??p] 商店（英）
store [st?:] 商店（美）
bookshop [‘buk??p] 书店
bookstore [‘bukst?:] 书店
market [‘ma:kit] 市场，集市
supermarket [‘sju:p?,ma:kit] 超级市场，超市
hotel [h?u’tel] 旅馆，客栈
restaurant [‘rest?r?nt] 餐厅，饭馆
bar [ba:] 酒吧
cafe [‘k?fei] 咖啡馆
dining-room [‘daini?ru:m] 餐厅，食堂
bank [b??k] 银行
c?urt [k?:t] 法院
port [p?:t] 港口
laboratory [l?’b?r?t?ri] 实验室
library [‘laibr?ri] 图书馆
airport [‘ε?p?:t] 飞机场
church [t??:t?] 教堂

kindergarten [‘kind?,ga:t?n] 幼儿园，幼稚园
museum [mju:’zi?m] 博物馆
station [‘stei??n] 车站
cinema [‘sin?m?] 电影院，电影
theater [‘θi?t?] 剧院，戏院
club [kl?b] 俱乐部
gymnasium [d?im’neizi?m] 体育馆，健身房
gym [d?im] 体育馆，健身房
park [pa:k] 公园，停车场
zoo [zu:] 动物园
post office ['p?ust'?fis] 邮局

交通工具
ambulance [‘?mbjul?ns] 救护车
bike [baik] 自行车（口语）
bicycle [‘baisikl] 自行车
motorcycle [‘m?ut?,saikl] 摩托车
cart [ka:t] 二轮马车
carriage [‘k?rid?] 四轮马车
car [ka:] 小汽车
jeep [d?i:p] 吉普车
tractor [‘tr?kt?] 拖拉机
lorry [‘l?:ri] 重型卡车
truck [tr?k] 卡车
bus [b?s] 公共汽车
coach [k?ut?] 四轮大马车
van [v?n] 厢式货车
taxi [‘t?ksi] 计程车，出租汽车
subway [‘s?bwei] 地铁
railway [‘reilwei] 铁路
train [trein] 火车
locomotive [‘l?uk?,m?utiv] 火车头，机车
express [ik’spres] 快客列车，快车
boat [b?ut] 小船
ship [?ip] 船
yacht [j?t] 游艇
vessel [‘ves?l] 大船
warship [‘w?:?ip] 军舰，战船
aeroplane [‘ε?r?plein] 飞机
plane [plein] 飞机
aircraft [‘ε?kra:ft] 飞机
airplane [‘ε?plein] 飞机
jet [d?et] 喷气式飞机
spaceship [‘speis?ip] 宇宙飞船
space shuttle [spies '??tl] 航天飞机
helicopter [‘helik?pt?] 直升飞机

颜色
pink [pi?k] 粉红色；粉红的
brown [braun] 褐色，棕色；褐色的 棕色的

chocolate [‘t??k?lit] 深褐色，红褐色；深褐色的
camel [‘k?m?l] 驼色；驼色的
green [gri:n] 绿色；绿色的
blue [blu:] 蓝色；蓝色的
red [red] 红色；红色的
purple [‘p?:pl] 紫色；紫色的
violet [‘vai?l?t] 紫色；紫色的，紫罗兰色的
white [wait] 白色；白色的
ivory [‘aiv?ri] 乳白色；乳白色的
gray [grei] 灰色；灰色的
scarlet [‘ska:l?t] 猩红色；猩红色的
golden [‘g?uld?n] 金（黄）色的
orange [‘?rind?] 橙色；橙色的
silver [‘silv?] 银色，银白色；银色的，银白色的
yellow [‘jel?u] 黄色；黄色的

家庭亲属
family [‘f?mili] 家庭，亲属
marriage [‘m?rid?] 婚姻，结婚
c?uple [‘k?pl] 夫妇，夫妻
parent [‘pε?r?nt] 父母
single [‘si?gl] 单身的
male [meil] 男的
female [‘fi:meil] 女的
husband [‘h?zb?nd] 丈夫
father [‘fa:??] 父亲
foster [‘f?st?] 领养的
mother [‘m???] 母亲
wife [waif] 妻子
son [s?n] 儿子
grandson [‘gr?nds?n] 孙子；外孙
granddaughter [‘gr?n,d?:t?] 孙女；外孙女
daughter [‘d?:t?] 女儿
child [t?aild] 孩子，儿童，子孙
heir [ε?] 继承人
brother [‘br???] 兄弟
sister [‘sist?] 姐妹
twin [twin] 双胞胎的
grandfather [‘gr?nd,fa:??] 祖父
grandmother [‘gr?nd,m???] 祖母
granny [‘gr?ni] 奶奶；外婆
grandma [‘gr?ndma:] 奶奶；外婆
grandad ['gr?nd?d] 爷爷；外公
grandpa [‘gr?ndpa:] 爷爷；外公
son-in-law ['s?nin,l?:] 女婿
daughter-in-law ['d?:t?rinl?:] 儿媳妇
father- in-law [‘fa:??inl?:] 岳父（公公）
mother-in-law ['m???rinl?:] 岳母（婆婆）
stepfather ['step,fa:??] 继父
stepmother [‘step,m???] 继母

uncle [‘??kl] 叔叔，伯父，舅父，姨夫，姑父
aunt [a:nt] 阿姨，伯母，舅妈，姑妈
nephew [‘nefju:] 侄子，外甥
niece [ni:s] 侄女，外甥女
c?usin [‘k?z?n] 堂兄弟姐妹，表兄弟姐妹
generation [,d?en?’rei??n] 一代人；一代
descent [di’sent] 血统
offspring [‘?(:)fspri?] 后代，子孙

体育运动
dash [d??] 短跑（美）
race [reis] 赛跑
high jump [] 跳高
long jump [] 跳远
throwing ['θr?ui?] 投掷
walk [w?:k] 竞走
football [‘fut,b?:l] 足球（美式橄榄球）
basketball [‘ba:skitb?:l] 篮球
volleyball [‘v?lib?:l] 排球
badminton [‘b?dmint?n] 羽毛球
tennis [‘tenis] 网球
table tennis [] 乒乓球
baseball [‘beisb?:l] 棒球
wrestling [‘resli?] 摔跤，格斗
boxing [‘b?ksi?] 拳击
soccer [‘s?k?] 足球，英式足球
chess [t?es] 国际象棋
bridge [brid?] 桥牌
marathon [‘m?r?θ?n] 马拉松
pole vault ['p?ulv?:lt] 撑竿跳
shot put [] 推铅球
discus [‘disk?s] 铁饼
hammer [‘h?m?] 链球
javelin [‘d??vlin] 标枪
gymnastics [d?im’n?stiks] 体操
horizontal bar [] 单杠
parallel bars [] 双杠
rings [ri?z] 吊环
weight-lifting ['weit,lifti?] 举重
judo [‘d?u:d?u] 柔道
fencing [‘fensi?] 击剑
skiing [‘ski:i?] 滑雪
skating [‘skeiti?] 滑冰，溜冰
figure skating [] 花样滑冰
bobsleigh [‘b?bslei] 雪橇
handball [‘h?ndb?:l] 手球
hockey [‘h?ki] 曲棍球
golf [g?lf] 高尔夫球
cricket [‘krikit] 板球
ice hockey [] 冰球

swim [swim] 游泳
breaststroke ['breststr?uk] 蛙泳
backstroke [‘b?kstr?uk] 仰泳
freestyle ['fri:stail] 自由泳
diving [‘daivi?] 跳水
polo ['p?ul?u] 马球；水球
water polo [] 水球
rowing [‘r?ui?] 划船，赛艇
canoe [k?’nu:] 划艇，独木舟
sailing [‘seili?] 帆船运动
rally [‘r?li] 汽车拉力赛

植物鲜花
azalea [?’zeilj?] 杜鹃花
begonia [bi’g?unj?] 秋海棠
cactus [‘k?kt?s] 仙人掌
camellia [k?’mi:li?] 山茶花
canna [‘k?n?] 美人蕉
carnation [ka:'nei??n] 康乃馨
chrysanthemum [kri's?nθ?m?m] 菊花
dahlia [‘deilj?] 大丽花
daisy [‘deizi] 雏菊
datura [d?’tju?r?] 曼陀罗
hawthorn [‘h?:θ?:n] 山楂，山楂树
jasmine [‘d??smin] 茉莉
lilac [‘lail?k] 丁香花
lily [‘lili] 百合
morning glory [] 牵牛花
narcissus [na:’sis?s] 水仙花
orchid [‘?:kid] 兰花
peony [‘pi?ni] 牡丹花；芍药花
poppy [‘p?pi] 罂粟花
redbud [‘redb?d] 紫荆
rose [r?uz] 玫瑰；月季
tulip [‘tju:lip] 郁金香
violet [‘vai?l?t] 紫罗兰
sunflower [‘s?nflau?] 向日葵
lotus [‘l?ut?s] 荷花；莲花
dandelion [‘d?ndilai?n] 蒲公英

树木
pine [pain] 松树
larch [la:t?] 落叶松
cypress [‘saipris] 柏树
bamboo [b?m’bu:] 竹，竹子
poplar [‘p?pl?] 白杨
willow [‘wil?u] 柳树
birch [‘b?:t?] 白桦
maple [‘meipl] 枫树
fir [f?:] 冷杉，枞树

eucalytus [] 桉树
locust [‘l?uk?st] 洋槐
camphor tree [] 樟树
sandalwood ['s?d?lwud] 檀香木
elm [elm] 榆树，榆木
oak [?uk] 橡树
ginkgo ['gi?k(g)?u] 银杏，银杏树
holly [‘h?li] 冬青树
coco [‘k?uk?u] 椰树
date [‘deit] 枣椰树
hickory [‘hik?ri] 山核桃树
beech [bi:t?] 山毛榉
baobab [‘bei?ub?b] 猴面包树
palm [pa:m] 棕榈树
laurel [‘l?r?l] 月桂树
ivy [‘aivi] 常春藤
olive [‘?liv] 橄榄树

家畜
bitch [bit?] 母狗，雌狗
horse [h?:s] 马
mare [mε?] 母马，母驴
pony [‘p?uni] 矮种马；小马
mule [mju:l] 骡
equus ['ekw?s] 马属（包括马，驴，斑马等）
ass [?s] 驴
donkey [‘d??ki] 驴
ox [?ks] 牛；公牛
buffalo [‘b?f?l?u] 水牛；野牛
bull [bul] 公牛
cow [kau] 奶牛，母牛
calf [ka:f] 小牛，犊
heifer [‘hef?] 小母牛
pig [pig] 猪
swine [swain] 猪
piglet [‘piglit] 小猪，尤指乳猪，猪崽
sheep [?i:p] 羊，绵羊
goat [g?ut] 山羊
lamb [l?m] 小羊，羔羊
dog [d?g] 狗
cat [k?t] 猫
kitten [‘kit?n] 小猫
kitty [‘kiti:] 小猫
rabbit [‘r?bit] 兔子，野兔
mouse [maus] 家鼠，老鼠
mice [mais] 老鼠（mouse的复数）
cock [k?k] 公鸡
hen [hen] 母鸡
chicken [‘t?ikin] 鸡；小鸡
turkey [‘t?:ki] 火鸡

goose [gu:s] 鹅
rooster [‘ru:st?] 公鸡
chick [t?ik] 雏鸡，小鸟
tomcat [‘t?mk?t] 雄猫

野生动物
zebra [‘zi:br?] 斑马
antelope [‘?ntil?up] 羚羊
gazelle [g?’zel] 小羚羊；瞪羚
deer [di?] 鹿
reindeer [‘rein’di?] 驯鹿
giraffe [d?i’ra:f] 长颈鹿
baboon [b?’bu:n] 狒狒
camel [‘k?m?l] 骆驼
elephant [‘elif?nt] 象
rhinoceros [rai'n?s?r?s, ri-] 犀牛
hippopotamus [,hip?’p?t?m?s] 河马
panda [‘p?nd?] 熊猫；猫熊
lion [‘lai?n] 狮
lynx [li?ks] 猞猁
panther [‘p?nθ?] 豹；美洲豹；黑豹
puma [‘pju:m?] 美洲狮
leopard [‘lep?d] 豹；金钱豹
tiger [‘taig?] 虎
wildcat [‘waildk?t] 野猫
bison [‘bais?n] 美洲野牛；欧洲野牛
yak [j?k] 牦牛
badger [‘b?d??] 獾
weasel [‘wi:z?l] 鼬鼠；黄鼠狼
otter [‘?t?] 水獭
fox [f?ks] 狐狸
hyena [hai’i:n?] 鬣狗，土狼
wolf [wulf] 狼
squirrel ['skw?:r?l, 'skwi-, 'skw?-] 松鼠
beaver [‘bi:v?] 河狸，海狸
marmot [‘ma:m?t] 旱獭；土拨鼠
bear [bε?] 熊
hare [hε?] 野兔
rat [r?t] 鼠
gopher ['g?uf?] 黄鼠；囊地鼠
mole [m?ul] 鼹鼠
monkey [‘m??ki] 猴子
chimpanzee [,t?imp?n’zi:] 黑猩猩
gorilla [g?’ril?] 大猩猩
orangutan [?:,r??u:'t?n, ,?:r??'u:t?n] 猩猩
gibbon [‘gib?n] 长臂猿
anteater [‘?nt,i:t?] 食蚁兽
platypus ['pl?tip?s, -pus] 鸭嘴兽
kangaroo [,k?ng?'ru:] 袋鼠
koala [k?u'a:l?] 考拉，树袋熊

hedgehog [‘hed?h?g] 刺猬
porcupine [‘p?:kjupain] 箭猪，豪猪
bat [b?t] 蝙蝠
whale [hweil] 鲸
dolphin [‘d?lfin] 海豚
seal [si:l] 海豹
walrus ['w?:lr?s, 'w?l-] 海象

鸟类
phoenix [‘fi:niks] 凤凰
eagle [‘i:gl] 鹰
condor [‘k?nd?:] 秃鹫，秃鹰
hawk [h?:k] 鹰
falcon ['f?lk?n] 猎鹰；隼
heron [‘her?n] 鹭，苍鹭
kite [kait] 鸢
vulture [‘v?lt??] 秃鹫，秃鹰
peacock [‘pi:k?k] 孔雀
duck [d?k] 鸭
pelican [‘pelik?n] 鹈鹕
cormorant ['k?:m?r?nt 鸬鹚
swan [sw?n, sw?:n] 天鹅
wild goose [] 雁，野鹅
pigeon [‘pid?in] 鸽子
pheasant [‘feznt] 雉，野鸡
quail [kweil] 鹌鹑
ostrich ['?:strit?, '?-] 鸵鸟
stork [st?:k] 鹳
seagull ['si:g?l] 海鸥
albatross [‘?lb?tr?s] 信天翁
kingfisher [‘ki?,fi??] 翠鸟
woodpecker [‘wud,pek?] 啄木鸟
parrot [‘p?r?t] 鹦鹉
cuckoo [‘ku:ku:] 杜鹃，布谷鸟
crow [kr?u] 乌鸦
magpie [‘m?gpai] 喜鹊
swallow [‘sw?l?u] 燕子
sparrow [‘sp?r?u] 麻雀
nightingale ['naiti?geil, -t?n-] 夜莺
canary [k?’nε?ri] 金丝雀
starling [‘sta:li?] 八哥
thrush [θr??] 画眉
goldfinch [‘g?uldfint?] 金翅雀
robin [‘r?bin] 知更鸟
lark [la:k] 云雀，百灵鸟
penguin ['pe?gwin] 企鹅
owl [aul] 枭，猫头鹰
throstle [‘θr?sl] 画眉鸟

其他动物
snake [sneik] 蛇
cobra [‘k?ubr?] 眼镜蛇
python ['paiθ?n, -θ?n] 蟒蛇，大蟒，巨蟒
rattlesnake [‘r?tlsneik] 响尾蛇
lizard [‘liz?d] 蜥蜴
chameleon [k?’mi:li?n] 变色龙
wall lizard [] 壁虎
crocodile [‘kr?k?,dail] 鳄鱼
turtle [‘t?:tl] 龟，甲鱼；海龟
tortoise [‘t?:t?s] 龟，乌龟
frog [fr?g] 青蛙
tadpole [‘t?dp?ul] 蝌蚪
toad [t?ud] 蟾蜍；癞蛤蟆
snail [sneil] 蜗牛
cuttlefish [‘k?tl,fi?] 乌贼；墨鱼
squid [skwid] 枪乌贼；鱿鱼
octopus [‘?kt?p?s] 章鱼
clam [kl?m] 蚌；蛤，蛤蜊
mussel [‘m?s?l] 河蚌；淡菜，贻贝
oyster [‘?ist?] 牡蛎，蚝
scallop ['sk?l?p, 'sk?-] 扇贝
sea urchin [] 海胆
urchin ['?:t?in] 海胆
goldfish [‘g?uldfi?] 金鱼
carp [ka:p] 鲤鱼
crucian [‘kru:??n] 鲫鱼
chub [t??b] 白鮭；鲢鱼
eel [i:l] 鳗鱼；鳝鱼
herring [‘heri?] 青鱼；鲱鱼
mullet [‘m?lit] 鲻鱼；胭脂鱼
perch [p?:t?] 鲈鱼
salmon [‘s?m?n] 鲑鱼，大马哈鱼
trout [traut] 鲑鱼，鳟鱼
anchovy [‘?nt??vi] 凤尾鱼；鳀鱼
codfish [‘k?d,fi?] 鳕鱼
sardine [‘sa:di:n, sa:’di:n] 沙丁鱼
sailfish [‘seilfi?] 旗鱼
sea horse [] 海马
shark [?a:k] 鲨鱼
tunny [‘t?ni] 金枪鱼
prawn [pr?:n] 对虾，明虾
shrimp [?rimp] 虾，小虾
crayfish [‘krei,fi?] 小龙虾
lobster [‘l?bst?] 龙虾
crab [kr?b] 蟹
ant [?nt] 蚂蚁
termite [‘t?:mait] 白蚁
bee [bi:] 蜜蜂，蜂
honeybee [‘h?nibi:] 蜜蜂

wasp [w?sp] 黄蜂；胡蜂
beetle [‘bi:tl] 甲虫
fly [flai] 苍蝇
horsefly [‘h?:sflai] 马蝇；虻
flea [fli:] 跳蚤
louse [laus] 虱子，虱
spider [‘spaid?] 蜘蛛
mosquito [m?’ski:t?u] 蚊子
wiggler [‘wigl?] 孑孓（蚊子的幼虫，[jié jué]）
ladybug [‘ledib?g] 瓢虫
firefly [‘fai?flai] 萤火虫
cicada [si'ka:d?,-'kei-] 蝉
dragonfly [‘dr?g?nflai] 蜻蜓
cricket [‘krikit] 蟋蟀
locust [‘l?uk?st] 蝗虫，蚂蚱
grasshopper ['gra:s,h?p?, 'gr?s-] 蚱蜢，蝗虫
mantis [‘m?ntis] 螳螂
caterpillar [‘k?t?pil?] 毛虫
centipede [‘sentipi:d] 蜈蚣
butterfly [‘b?t?flai] 蝴蝶，蝶
moth [m?θ, m?:θ] 蛾，飞蛾
bug [b?g] 臭虫，小虫
cockroach ['k?kr?ut?] 蟑螂
scorpion ['sk?:pj?n] 蝎子
earthworm [‘?:θw?:m] 蚯蚓
fishworm [‘fi?w?:m] 蚯蚓
leech [‘li:t?] 蚂蝗，水蛭
roundworm [‘raundw?:m] 蛔虫

职业
actor ['?kt?] 男演员
actress ['?ktris] 女演员
singer ['si??] 歌手，歌唱家
dancer ['da:ns?] 舞蹈家，舞女
musician [mju:'zi??n] 音乐家
pianist ['pi?nist, pi'?nist] 钢琴家
painter ['peint?] 画家；油漆匠
teacher [‘ti:t??] 教师；导师
professor [pr?u’fes?] 教授
headmaster [‘hed’ma:st?] 中小学校长
headmistress [‘hed’mistris] 中小学女校长
headteacher [‘hedti:t??] 校长
director [di’rekt?] 导演；主任；理事
editor [‘edit?] 编者
writer [‘rait?] 作家
reporter [ri’p?:t?] 记者
announcer [?’nauns?] 播音员，广播员
journalist [‘d??:n?list] 新闻工作者；新闻记者
worker [‘w?:k?] 工人
farmer [‘fa:m?] 农夫；农场主

fisherman [‘fi??m?n] 渔夫
chemist [‘kemist] 化学家，药剂师
engineer [,end?i’ni?] 工程师
explorer [iks’pl?:r?] 探险家
researcher [ri:’s?:t??] 研究员
doctor [d?kt?] 医生；博士
nurse [n?:s] 护士；保姆
surgeon [‘s?:d??n] 外科医生
sailor [‘seil?] 水手，海员
seaman [‘si:m?n] 船员，水手；水兵
pilot [‘pail?t] 飞行员；领航员
astronaut ['?str?n?:t] 宇航员，航天员
driver [‘draiv?] 驾驶员
athlete [‘?θli:t] 运动员
policeman [p?’li:sm?n] 警察
detective [di’tektiv] 侦探
judge [d??d?] 法官
lawyer [‘l?:j?] 律师
attorney [?’t?:ni] 律师
cook [kuk] 厨子厨师
baker [‘beik?] 面包师
waiter [‘weit?] 服务员，侍者
waitress [‘weitris] 女服务生
butcher [‘but??] 屠夫
clerk [kla:k kl?:k] 办事员；店员；书记
typist [‘taipist] 打字员
secretary [‘sekr?t?ri] 秘书；书记；部长；大臣
salesman [‘seilzm?n] 售货员；推销员
shopkeeper [‘??p,ki:p?] 零售商，店主
bookseller [‘buk,sel?] 书商；售书员
tailor [‘teil?] 裁缝
soldier [‘s?uld??] 军人，战士
postman [‘p?ustm?n] 邮差，邮递员
mailman [‘meilm?n] 邮递员
firefighter ['fai?fait?] 消防人员
conductor [k?n’d?kt?] 乘务员
librarian [lai’brε?ri?n] 图书管理员
baby-sitter ['beibi,sit?]当临时保姆
apprentice [?’prentis] 学徒
artisan [,a:ti'z?n, 'a:tiz?n] 工匠；手工业工人
craftsman ['krɑ:ftsm?n, 'kr?ft-] 工匠；手艺人
specialist [‘spe??list] 专家；专科医生
employer [im’pl?i?] 雇主，老板
receptionist [ri’sep??nist] 接待员
operator [‘?p?reit?] 电话接线员；经营者；操作员
interpreter [in’t?:prit?] 翻译员
photographer [f?’t?gr?f?] 摄影师
playwright [‘pleirait] 剧作家
linguist [‘li?gwist] 语言学家
botanist [‘b?t?nist] 植物学家

economist [i:’k?n?mist] 经济学家
scientist [‘sai?ntist] 科学家
philosopher [fi'l?s?f?, f?-] 哲学家
politician [,p?li’ti??n] 政治学家；政客
physicist [‘fizisist] 物理学家；唯物论者
archaeologist [,a:ki'?l?d?ist] 考古学家
geologist [d?i’?l?d?ist] 地质学家
mathematician [,m?θ?m?’ti??n] 数学家
biologist [bai’?l?d?ist] 生物学家
zoologist [z?u'?l?d?ist, zu:-] 动物学家
statistician [,st?ti'sti??n] 统计学家，统计员
physiologist [,fizi’?l?d?ist] 生理学家
futurologist [,fju:t??'r?l?d?ist] 未来学家
artist [‘a:tist] 艺术家；美术家
composer [k?m’p?uz?] 作曲家
designer [di’zain?] 设计家
sculptor [sk?lpt?] 雕刻家
designer [di’zain?] 服装设计师
model [‘m?d?l] 模特
poet [‘p?uit] 诗人
merchant [‘m?:t??nt] 商人
stewardess ['stju:?dis, 'stju-] 女乘务员，女服务员
porter ['p?:t?, 'p?u-] 守门人；行李夫；搬运工人
architect [‘a:kitekt] 建筑师
druggist [‘dr?gist] 药剂师
pharmacist ['f a:m?sist] 药剂师
guide [gaid] 导游；向导
dentist [‘dentist] 牙科医生
supervisor [‘sju:p?vaiz?] 监工

国家和语言
america [?’merik?] 美国；美洲
Arab [‘?r?b] 阿拉伯人
Australia [?’streilj?] 澳洲，澳大利亚
Austria [‘?stri?] 奥地利
Britain [‘brit?n] 英国
Canada [‘k?n?d?] 加拿大
China [‘t?ain?] 中国
Egypt [‘i:d?ipt] 埃及
England [‘i?gl?nd] 英国
France [‘fra:ns] 法国
Germany [‘d??:m?ni] 德国
Greece [gri:s] 希腊
Holland [‘h?l?nd] 荷兰
India [‘indi?] 印度
Ireland [‘ai?land] 爱尔兰
Italy [‘it?li] 意大利
Japan [d??’p?n] 日本
Spain [spein] 西班牙
Sweden [‘swi:d?n] 瑞典

Swiss [swis] 瑞士人
Switzerland [‘swits?l?nd] 瑞士
Brazil [br?’zil] 巴西
Finland [‘finl?nd] 芬兰
Norway [‘n?:wei] 挪威
Russia [‘r???] 俄罗斯
Belgium [‘beld??m] 比利时
Arabic [‘?r?bik] 阿拉伯语
Chinese [,t?ai’ni:z] 中国人；汉语
Egyptian [i’d?ip??n] 埃及人
English [‘i?gli?] 英语；英国人
French [frent?] 法国人；法文
German [‘d??:m?n] 德国人；德语
Greek [gri:k] 希腊人；希腊文
Irish [‘ai?ri?] 爱尔兰人；爱尔兰语
Italian [i’t?lj?n] 意大利人；意大利语
Japanese [,d??p?’ni:z] 日本人；日文
Spanish [‘sp?ni?] 西班牙人；西班牙语
Dutch [d?t?] 荷兰人；荷兰语

货币
dollar [‘d?l?] 美元
cent [sent] 分
quarter [‘kw?:t?] 二十五美分
buck [b?k] 一美元
mark [ma:k] 马克(德国)
pound [paund] 英镑
coin [k?in] 硬币
bill [bil] 纸币
franc [fr??k] 法郎
pence [pens] 便士（penny的复数）
penny [‘peni] 便士

山河湖海
abyss [?’bis] 深渊
continent [‘k?ntin?nt] 大陆；洲
mountain [‘mauntin] 山；山脉
peak [pi:k] 山顶；巅
ridge [rid?] 山脊
slope [sl?up] 斜坡
volcano [v?l’kein?u] 火山
plateau [‘pl?t?u] 高原
plain [plein] 平原
hill [hil] 小山；山岗
rock [r?k] 岩石
island [‘ail?nd] 岛；岛屿
valley [‘v?li] 山谷
bank [b??k] 河岸
current [‘k?r?nt] 水流
stream [stri:m] 小溪

source [s?:s] 源头
spring [spri?] 泉水
bed [bed] 河床
flood [fl?d] 洪水
flow [fl?u] 泛滥
basin [‘beis?n] 流域
canal [k?’n?l] 运河
lake [leik] 湖泊
pond [p?nd] 池塘
marsh [ma:?] 沼泽
swamp [sw?mp] 沼泽
desert [‘dez?t] 沙漠
forest [‘f?rist] 森林
coast [k?ust] 海岸
sea [si:] 海
ocean [‘?u??n] 大洋；海洋
inlet [‘inlet] 小湾
bay [bei] 海湾；湾
gulf [g?lf] 海湾
cliff [klif] 悬崖；峭壁
bay [bei] 海湾
beach [bi:t?] 海滩
shore [??:] 海滨
coral [‘k?:r?l] 珊瑚
tide [taid] 潮
wave [weiv] 浪
shore [??:] 海岸；海滨
strait [streit] 海峡
waterfall [‘w?:t?f?:l] 瀑布
cascade [k?s’keid] 小瀑布
brook [bruk] 小溪；小河
mainland [‘meinl?nd] 大陆
prairie [‘prε?ri] 大草原；牧场
peninsula [pi’ninsjul?] 半岛
iceberg [‘aisb?:g] 冰山
glacier [‘gl?sj?] 冰川，冰河

学科
mathematics [,m?θ?’m?tiks] 数学
arts [a:ts] 文科
science [‘sai?ns] 理科
history [‘hist?ri] 历史
geometry [d?i’?mitri] 几何
geography [d?i’?gr?fi] 地理
geology [d?i’?l?d?i] 地质学
biology [bai’?l?d?i] 生物
chemistry [‘kemistri] 化学
physics [‘fiziks] 物理
literature [‘lit?r?t??] 文学
sociology [,s?usi’?l?d?i] 社会学

philosophy [fi’l?s?fi] 哲学
psychology [psai’k?l?d?i] 心理学
engineering [,end?i’ni?ri?] 工程学
medicine [‘medisin] 医学
agriculture [‘?grik?lt??] 农学
astronomy [?’str?n?mi] 天文学
economics [,i:k?’n?miks] 经济学
politics [‘p?litiks] 政治学
law [l?:] 法学
finance [fai’n?ns] 财政学
architecture [‘a:kitekt??] 建筑学

普通形容词
able ['eibl] 有能力的
acid ['?sid] 酸的
angry ['??gri] 发怒的
automatic [,?:t?'m?tik] 自动的
beautiful ['bju:tiful] 美丽的
(boil) boiling ['b?ili?] 沸腾的
bright [brait] 明亮的
broken ['br?uk?n] 损坏的
cheap [t?i:p] 便宜的
chief [t?i:f] 首要的
clean [kli:n] 干净的
clear [kli?] 清澈的
common ['k?m?n] 普通的
complex ['k?mpleks] 复杂的
conscious ['k?n??s] 有意识的
cut [k?t] 切过的
deep [di:p] 深的
dependent [di'pend?nt] 依靠的
elastic [i'l?stik] 有弹性的
electric [i'lektrik] 电的
equal ['i:kw?l] 相等的
fertile ['f?:tail] 多产的
fixed [fikst] 固定的
flat [fl?t] 平的
frequent ['fri:kw?nt, fri'kwent] 频繁的，经常的
general ['d?en?r?l] 一般的
great [greit] 伟大的
hanging ['h??i?] 悬挂的
hard [ha:d] 硬的；困难的
healthy ['helθi] 健康的
hollow ['h?l?u] 空的，空心的
important [im'p?:t?nt] 重要的
kind [kaind] 亲切的
living ['livi?] 活的
male [meil] 男性的
married ['m?rid] 已婚的
material [m?'ti?ri?l] 物质的

medical ['medik?l] 医学的
military ['milit?ri] 军事的
natural ['n?t??r?l] 自然的
necessary ['nesis?ri] 必要的
normal ['n?:m?l] 正常的
parallel ['p?r?lel] 平行的
past [pa:st, p?st] 过去的
physical ['fizik?l] 身体的；物质的
political [p?'litik?l] 政治的
poor [pu?, p?:] 贫穷的；可怜的；贫乏的
possible ['p?s?bl] 可能的
present ['prez?nt, pri'zent] 在场的；现在的
private ['praivit] 私人的，个人的；私有的
probable ['pr?b?bl] 很可能的
quick [kwik] 快的
quiet ['kwai?t] 安静的
regular ['regjul?] 定期的；有规律的；整齐的
responsible [ri'sp?ns?bl] 负责任的
separate ['sep?reit, 'sep?rit] 分开的
serious ['si?ri?s, 'si:r-] 严重的；严肃的
sharp [?a:p] 锋利的
smooth [smu:?] 平滑的
sticky ['stiki] 粘的
stiff [stif] 呆板的；僵硬的
straight [streit] 直的
strong [str??, str?:?] 强壮的；坚固的
sudden ['s?d?n] 突然的
sweet [swi:t] 甜的
thick [θik] 厚的
tight [tait] 紧的
tired ['tai?d] 疲倦的
true [tru:] 真实的
violent ['vai?l?nt] 激烈的；暴力的
warm [w?:m] 温暖的
wet [wet] 湿的
wide [waid] 宽阔的
wise [waiz] 聪明的；明智的
young [j??] 年青的

有反义词的形容词
awake [?'weik] 清醒的
bent [bent] 弯曲的
bitter ['bit?] 苦的
certain ['s?:t?n] 肯定的
complete [k?m'pli:t] 完整的
cruel ['kru:?l] 残酷的
dark ['da:k] 黑暗的
dead [ded] 死的
expensive [ik'spensiv] 昂贵的
delicate ['delik?t] 纤弱的；微妙的

different ['dif?r?nt] 不同的
dirty ['d?:ti] 脏的
dry [drai] 干的
false [f?:ls] 假的
female ['fi:meil] 女性的
foolish ['fu:li?] 愚蠢的
future ['fju:t??] 未来的
loose [lu:s] 松的
loud [laud] 大声的
low [l?u] 低的
mixed [mikst] 混合的
narrow ['n?r?u] 窄的，狭窄的
opposite ['?p?zit, -sit] 相反的；对面的；对立的
public ['p?blik] 公众的
rough [r?f] 粗糙的；粗暴的
sad [s?d] 悲哀的
safe [seif] 安全的
secret ['si:krit] 秘密的
short [??:t] 短的；矮的
shut [??t] 关闭的
simple ['simpl] 简单的
slow [sl?u] 慢的
small [sm?:l] 小的
soft [s?ft, s?:ft] 柔软的
solid ['s?lid] 固体的；结实的；纯的
special ['spe??l] 特殊的
strange [streind?] 奇怪的
thin [θin] 薄的
weak [wi:k] 弱的
wrong [r??, r?:?] 错误的

经济
trust [‘tr?st] 托拉斯
investment [in’vestm?nt] 投资
bank [b??k] 银行
cheque [t?ek] 支票 (美作:check)
transfer [tr?ns’f?:] 转让；转帐，过户
cash [k??] 现金
change [t?eind?] 零钱
bill [bil] 钞票，纸币
saving [‘seivi?] 存款
quotation [kw?u’tei??n] 报价单
share [?ε?] 股份；股票（英）
bond [b?nd] 债券
interest [‘intrist] 利息
discount [‘diskaunt] 折扣
insurance [in’?u?r?ns] 保险
mortgage [‘m?:gid?] 抵押
drawing [‘dr?:i?] 取出存款；提款
allowance [?’lau?ns] 补贴；津贴

subsidy [‘s?bsidi] 补贴；补助金；津贴
output [‘autput] 产出；产量
productive [pr?u’d?ktiv] 生产的
goods [gudz] 商品，货物
supply [s?’plai] 供应；补给
input [‘input] 投入
productivity [,pr?d?k'tiv?ti, ,pr?u-] 生产率；生产力
cost [k?st] 成本；费用
expenditure [iks’pendit??] 开支；支出
income [‘ink?m] 收入，收益
earnings [‘?:ni?z] 收入；利润；收益
duty [‘dju:ti] 【税收】关税
tax [t?ks] 税
commerce [‘k?m?:s] 商业；贸易
trade [treid] 贸易
import [im’p?:t, ‘imp?:t] 进口
export [ik’sp?:t, ‘eksp?:t] 出口
item [‘ait?m] 项目；细目
manufacturer [,m?nju’f?kt??r?] 制造商；制造厂
merchant [‘m?:t??nt] 商人
consumer [k?n’sju:m?] 消费者；用户
client [‘klai?nt] 顾客；客户
customer [‘k?st?m?] 顾客；客户
purchase [‘p?:t??s] 购买
sale [seil] 销售
competition [,k?mpi’ti??n] 竞争
competitive [k?m’petitiv] 竞争的
consumption [k?n’s?mp??n] 消费
demand [di’ma:nd] 需求
outlet [‘autlet] 销路
offer [‘?f?] 提供；报盘；发价
monopoly [m?’n?p?li] 垄断
forecast [‘f?:ka:st] 预测
budget [‘b?d?it] 预算
plan [pl?n] 计划
estimate [‘estimeit] 估价
journal [‘d??:n?l] 日记；日志；日记账
turnover [‘t?:n,?uv?] 营业额；销售额
deficit [‘defisit] 亏空；亏损；赤字
sum [s?m] 总数；全额
amount [?’maunt] 总数；总值
bill [bil] 汇票 (美作:check)
receipt [ri’si:t] 收据

法律
law [l?:] 法律
draft [dra:ft] 草案
bill [bil] 法案；议案
clause [kl?:z] 条款
legislation [,led?is’lei??n] 立法

legal [‘li:g?l] 法律的；合法的；依法的
abolish [?’b?li?] 废除，废止；取消
prescription [pris’krip??n] 剥夺公权
judge [d??d?] 法官；审判员；判决；审理
jury [‘d?u?ri] 陪审团
lawyer [‘l?:j?] 律师；法律顾问
attorney [?’t?:ni] 律师；代理人
inquiry [in’kwai?ri] 询问；调查
hearing [‘hi?ri?] 审讯；审问
examination [ig,z?mi’nei??n] 讯问；质问
evidence [‘evid?ns] 证据
arrest [?’rest] 逮捕
responsibility [ri,sp?ns?’biliti] 责任；职责
liability [,lai?’bil?ti] 责任；债务；负债
sue [sju:] 起诉；控告
action [‘?k??n] 诉讼
claim [kleim] 索赔
complaint [k?m’pleint] 控告；申诉
justice [‘d??stis] 法官；司法；正义
trial [‘trai?l] 审理；审讯；审判
plead [pli:d] 辩护
plea [pli:] 辩护；抗辩
proof [pru:f] 证据；证词
evidence [‘evid?ns] 证据；证词
dock [d?k] 被告席
sentence [‘sent?ns] 宣判，判决
convict [k?n’vikt] 囚犯，罪犯
appeal [?’pi:l] 上诉
crime [kraim] 罪行；犯法
offence [?’fens] 违法 (美作:offense)
criminal [‘krimin?l] 罪犯
attempt [?’tempt] 未遂罪
threat [θret] 恐吓；威胁
menace [‘men?s] 恐吓；威胁
murder [‘m?:d?] 谋杀；杀人
plot [pl?t] 密谋；阴谋；策划
theft [θeft] 盗窃；偷
fraud [fr?:d] 欺骗；骗子
penalty [‘pen?lti] 罚款；罚金；处罚
prison [‘priz?n] 监狱 (美作:jail[d?eil])
prisoner [‘priz?n?] 囚犯
gaol [d?eil] 监狱 (美作:jail)
fine [fain] 罚款
allowance [?’lau?ns] 津贴，补贴
lease [li:s] 租约
transfer [tr?ns’f?:] 转让；过户
assignment [?’sainm?nt] 转让
file [fail] 文件
will [wil] 遗嘱
heir [ε?] 继承人

tutor [‘tju:t?] （未成年人）监护人
guardian [‘ga:di?n] 监护人

宇宙
earth [?:θ] 地球
moon [mu:n] 月亮
sun [s?n] 太阳
star [sta:] 星
planet [‘pl?nit] 行星
Venus [‘vi:n?s] 金星
Jupiter [‘d?u:pit?] 木星
Mercury [‘m?:kjuri] 水星
Mars [ma:z] 火星
Saturn [‘s?t?n] 土星
Uranus [‘ju?r?n?s] 天王星
Neptune [‘neptju:n] 海王星
Pluto [‘plu:t?u] 冥王星
constellation [,k?nst?’lei??n] 星座
Taurus ['t?:r?s] 金牛座
Aries ['ε?ri:z] 白羊座
Cancer ['k?ns?] 巨蟹座
Gemini ['d?eminai] 双子座
Scorpio ['sk?:pi?u] 天蝎座
Leo ['li:?u] 狮子座
Libra ['laibr?, 'li:-] 天秤座
Virgo ['v?:g?u] 处女座
Aquarius [?'kwε?ri?s] 宝瓶座，水瓶座
Capricorn ['k?prik?:n] 魔蝎座，山羊座
Sagittarius [,s?d?i'tε?ri?s] 射手座，人马座
Pisces ['pisi:z; 'pai-] 双鱼座
asteroid [‘?st?r?id] 小行星
comet [‘k?mit] 彗星
equator [i’kweit?] 赤道
galaxy [‘g?l?ksi] 银河系
gravity [‘gr?viti] 重力
latitude [‘l?titju:d] 纬度
longitude [‘l?nd?itju:d] 经度
meteor [‘mi:ti?] 流星
meteorite [‘mi:ti?rait] 陨星
nebula [‘nebjul?] 星云
orbit [‘?:bit] 轨道
revolution [,rev?’lu:??n] 公转
satellite [‘s?t?lait] 卫星
solar system [‘s?ul?’sistim] 太阳系
shooting star [] 流星
space [speis] 太空
spaceship [‘speis?ip] 宇宙飞船
sphere [sfi?] 天球；球体

文学
author [‘?:θ?] 作者
essay [‘esei] 随笔
reportage [,rep?:’tɑ:?] 报告文学
criticism [‘kriti,siz?m] 评论
anthology [?n’θ?l?d?i] 选集
edition [i’di??n] 版本
work [w?:k] 作品
masterpiece [‘ma:st?pi:s] 杰作
copyright [‘k?pi,rait] 版权 著作权
humanities [hju:'m?nitiz] 人文学科
writer [‘rait?] 作家
volume [‘v?lju:m] 卷
theatre [‘θi?t?] 戏剧
drama [‘dra:m?] 戏剧，话剧；剧本
comedy [‘k?midi] 喜剧
tragedy [‘tr?d?idi] 悲剧
farce [fa:s] 滑稽剧
play [plei] 剧本
playwright [‘pleirait] 编剧；剧作家
performance [p?’f?:m?ns] 演出
act [?kt] 幕
scene [si:n] 场；情景
plot [pl?t] 情节
intrigue [in’tri:g] 错综复杂的剧情
story [‘st?:ri] 故事
episode [‘epis?ud] 插曲；一段情节
denouement [deinu:'m??] 终场；结局
poetry [‘p?uitri] 诗歌
poet [‘p?uit] 诗人
poem [‘p?uim] 诗
ode [?ud] 颂歌
sonnet [‘s?nit] 十四行诗
verse [v?:s] (诗)节
line [lain] (诗)行
rhyme [raim] 韵脚；押韵
metrics [‘metriks] 韵律学；格律学
prose [pr?uz] 散文
novel [‘n?v?l] 小说
biography [bai’?gr?fi] 传记，传记文学
allegory [‘?lig?ri] 寓言
science fiction [‘fik??n] 科幻科学；幻想小说
satire [‘s?tai?] 讽刺文学
essay [‘esei] 散文；杂文
composition [,k?mp?’zi??n] 作文；学术著作
rhetoric [‘ret?rik] 修辞学
oratory [‘?r?t?ri] 讲演术
declamation [,dekl?’mei??n] 朗诵；朗诵技巧
improvisation [,impr?vai’zei??n] 即席讲演
criticism [‘kriti,siz?m] 批判主义

critic [‘kritik] 批评家；评论家
eloquence [‘el?kw?ns] 文才；口才
lyricism [‘lirisiz?m] 抒情性

绘画雕塑
gallery [‘g?l?ri] 画廊；美术馆
salon [‘s?l?:n] 沙龙
exhibition [,eksi’bi??n] 展览
collection [k?’lek??n] 收藏
inspiration [,insp?’rei??n] 灵感；启发
artist [‘a:tist] 大师；艺术家
pigment [‘pigm?nt] 颜料
painter [‘peint?] 画家
oil painting [] 油画
watercolor ['w?:t?,k?l?, 'w?-] 水彩画
wash [w??] 水墨画
engraving [in’greivi?] 版画
tracing [‘treisi?] 临摹
sketch [sket?] 素描；草稿
portrait [‘p?:trit] 肖像；人像；画像
model [‘m?d?l] 模特
caricature [‘k?rik?tju?, -t??] 漫画
nude [nju:d] 裸体画
profile [‘pr?ufail] 轮廓
landscape [‘l?ndskeip] 风景画；山水画
seascape [‘si:,skeip] 海景画
frame [freim] 画框
chassis [‘??si] 画布绷架
canvas [‘k?nv?s] 画布
studio [‘stju:di?u] 画室
pinacotheca [,pin?k?u’θi:k?] 画廊，美术馆
sculptor [sk?lpt?] 雕塑学；(男)雕塑家；(男)雕刻家
carving [‘ka:vi?] 雕刻
statue [‘st?tju:] 雕像，塑像，铸像
figure [‘fig?] 塑像
bronze [br?nz] 铜像

音乐
alto [‘?lt?u] 女低音
anthem [‘?nθ?m] 圣歌；赞美诗
baritone [‘b?rit?un] 男中音
bass [beis] 男低音；贝司
bassoon [b?'su:n] 低音管
brass [bra:s] 铜管乐器
classical ['kl?sik?l] 古典音乐
classical music [] 古典音乐
conductor [k?n’d?kt?] 指挥
flute [flu:t] 长笛
harmonica [hɑ:’m?nik?] 口琴
jazz [d??z] 爵士乐

opera [‘?p?r?] 歌剧
orchestra [‘?:kistr?] 管弦乐队
rhapsody [‘r?ps?di] 狂想曲
solo [‘s?ul?u] 独奏；独唱
soloist [‘s?ul?uist] 独唱者
soprano [s?'prɑ:n?u, -'pr?-] 女高音
symphony [‘simf?ni] 交响乐
tenor [‘ten?] 男高音
pop [p?p] 流行歌曲
rock [r?k] 摇滚乐

政治
colony [‘k?l?ni] 殖民地
democracy [di’m?kr?si] 民主主义；民主政治
dynasty [‘din?sti] 朝代，王朝
extinction [ik’sti?k??n] 消灭
feudalism ['fju:d?liz?m] 封建制度；封建主义
administration [?d,mini’strei??n] 行政
aggression [?’gre??n] 侵略
ambassador [?m’b?s?d?] 大使
anarchy [‘?n?ki] 无政府状态
announcement [?’naunsm?nt] 公告
aristocracy [,?ri’st?kr?si] 贵族；贵族统治
autonomy [?:’t?n?mi] 自治
ballot [‘b?l?t] 选票
bill [bil] 法案
bloodshed [‘bl?d?ed] 流血；屠杀
bureaucracy [bju?’r?kr?si] 官僚主义；官僚政治
candidate ['k?ndideit, -d?t] 候选人；候补人
cession [‘se??n] 割让（土地）
commotion [k?’m?u??n] 骚动；暴乱
community [k?’mju:niti] 社区
compact [k?m'p?kt, 'k?mp?kt] 合同；契约
congress ['k??gres, k?n'gres] 国会
congressman [‘k??gresm?n] 国会议员
conspiracy [k?n’spir?si] 阴谋
conspirator [k?n’spir?t?] 阴谋者；同谋者
constitution [,k?nsti’tju:??n] 宪法
consul [‘k?ns?l] 领事
convention [k?n’ven??n] 惯例
cooperation [k?u,?p?’rei??n] 合作
custom [‘k?st?m] 习惯；风俗；海关
delegate ['delig?t, -geit, 'deligeit] 代表
delegation [,deli’gei??n] 代表团
demonstration [,dem?n’strei??n] 示威；示威游行
deposition [,dep?’zi??n] 革职；免职
despot [‘desp?t] 暴君
dictator [dik’teit?] 独裁者
dictatorship [dik’teit??ip] 专政；独裁政权
diplomacy [di’pl?um?si] 外交

diplomat [‘dipl?m?t] 外交官
discrimination [dis,krimi’nei??n] 岐视
dominion [d?’minj?n] 领土；主权；统治
embassy [‘emb?si] 大使馆
emperor [‘emp?r?] 皇帝
empire [‘empai?] 帝国
ferment [‘f?:ment] 动乱
government [‘g?v?nm?nt] 政府；内阁
governor [‘g?v?n?] 总督；统治者
hegemony [hi'gem?ni, hi'd?em-] 霸权
ideology [,aidi’?l?d?i] 意识形态
kingdom [‘ki?d?m] 王国
legion [‘li:d??n] 军团
monarch [‘m?n?k] 帝王
monarchy [‘m?n?ki] 君主制；君主政体
motion [‘m?u??n] 动议
movement [‘mu:vm?nt] 运动
nationality [,n???n’?liti] 国籍
oligarchy [‘?liga:ki] 寡头政治
pact [p?kt] 协定；条约
petition [pi’ti??n] 请愿
philanthropy [fi’l?nθr?pi] 博爱，仁慈
policy [‘p?lisi] 政策，方针
poll [p?ul] 民意测验
prejudice [‘pred?udis] 偏见
proposition [,pr?p?’zi??n] 建议
rebel [‘reb?l, ri’bel] 反叛者，叛乱者
rebellion [ri’belj?n] 叛乱
regime [rei’?i:m] 政权
republic [ri’p?blik] 共和国
revolution [,rev?'lu:??n] 革命
slogan [‘sl?ug?n] 口号；标语
sovereignty ['s?vr?nti, 's?v-] 主权；独立国
spokesman [‘sp?uksm?n] 发言人；代表者
statesman [‘steitsm?n] 政治家
treaty [‘tri:ti] 条约
tumult [‘tju:m?lt] 骚动
turbulence [‘t?:bjul?ns] 骚动
turmoil [‘t?:m?il] 骚动，混乱
tyranny [‘tir?ni] 暴政
tyrant [‘tair?nt] 暴君
upheaval [?p’hi:v?l] 巨变；动乱
uprising [‘?p,raizi?] 起义
usurper [ju:’z?:p?] 篡位者；篡夺者
usurpation [,ju:z?:'pei??n] 篡夺；篡权
vote [v?ut] 投票，选举

艺术流派
Byzantine [bi’z?ntain] 拜占庭式
Romanesque [,r?um?’nesk] 罗马式

Gothic [‘g?θik] 哥特式
Baroque [b?’r?k] 巴洛克式
classicism [‘kl?sisiz?m] 古典主义；古典风格
romanticism [r?u’m?ntisiz?m] 浪漫主义
realism [‘ri?liz?m, 'ri:-] 现实主义
symbolism [‘simb?liz?m] 象征主义
impressionism [im’pre??niz?m] 印象主义
expressionism [ik'spre??niz?m] 表现主义
fauvism [‘f?uviz?m] 野兽派
abstract art [] 抽象派；抽象主义
cubism [‘kju:biz?m] 立体派；立体主义
naturalism [‘n?t??r?liz?m] 自然主义
existentialism [,egzis'ten??liz?m] 存在主义
futurism [‘fju:t??riz?m] 未来主义