主语从句定义

主语从句定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句。
主语从句 是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而
本身放在句子末尾 。
主语从句主要有三类：
（1） 由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。
That you will win the medal seems unlikely.
That you are so indifferent bothers me.
That she survived the accident is a miracle.
（2） 用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。
Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.
（3） 用连接代词引导的主语从句(在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever,
whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当
一定成分).
What you need is more practice.
What I want to know is this.
Whatever we do is to serve the people.
（4）用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)
eg:Where we should leave it is a problem.
When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.
ATTENTION
做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末（尤其是当谓语较短时）。
例如：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.
When the plane is to take off has not been announced .
= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.
(当what引导的主语从句表示“…的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。)
What he wants is a book. 他想要的是本书。
Has it been settled who will be sent to carry out the task
固定用法和译法
（1） It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that… 事实是……
It is good news that … ……是好消息
It is a question that … ……是个问题
It is common knowledge that … ……是常识
类似的名词还有：a pity；a wonder；a good thing； no wonder； surprise等。
例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.
It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.
It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.
（2） It is +形容词+从句
It is necessary that … 有必要……
It is clear that … 很清楚……
It is likely that … 很可能……
It is important that … 重要的是……
类似的形容词还有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite;

unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.
It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry.
It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.
It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you .
It is essential that he should be here by the weekend .
It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.
（3） It is +过去分词+从句
It is said that … 据说……
It is reported that … 据报道……
It has been proved that … 已证明……
It must be proved that… 必须指出……
类似的过去分词还有：known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted; discussed;
required; decided; suggested; demanded; made clear; found out,etc.
It is thought that he is the best player.
It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.
It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.
It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.
It does not matter if I missed my train, because there is another later.
It happened that I saw him yesterday.
当“及物动词 + 宾语”较短时，也可用这种结构。
It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was.
It does not interest me whether you go or not.
2.只用whether不用if引导主语从句.
主语从句三要点
请观察下列句子，注意划线部分句子的意义及用法。
1. What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.
2. Who will go to the concert is not known.
3. That she was chosen made us very happy.
4. Whether she will come or not is still a question.
5. Which book they will choose is still unknown.
6. When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided.
7. It’s strange that he knows nothing about it.
8. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.
9. It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
[小结归纳]
(一)语序
主语从句使用陈述语序，其通常结构为“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”；但当
连接代词同时充当从句主语时，其结构为“连接代词 + 谓语 + 其他成分”，如句1、2。
(二)引导词
① that引导主语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句3；
② whether引导主语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替,如句4；
③ 可以引导主语从句的连接代词主要有：who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever,
whoever等，如句5；
④ 可以引导主语从句的连接副词主要有：where, when, how, why等，如句6。

(三)常见句型
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，代替主语从 句放在句首，而把主语从
句置于句末。常用句型如下：
① It + be + 形容词 + that 从句， 如句7;
② It + be + 名词 + that 从句， 如句8;
③ It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that 从句， 如句9。
[即学即用]
I. 用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。
1. ______ he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday wasn’t quite clear.
2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope ______ the two sides will work towards
peace.”
3. ______ team will win the match is still unknown.
4. ______ comes to the party will receive a present.
5. ______ Mary has left is still a question.
6. It’s reported ______ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.
7. ______ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us.
8. We usually think ______ we can’t get seems better than what we have.
9. It is a fact ______ English is being accepted as an international language.
10. ______ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn’t been decided.

II. 下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。
1. That the old man’s son wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden.
2. It is reported when China has successfully sent Shenzhou VI spaceship into space.
3. If he can finish his task on time is of great importance.
4. Whether the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing excited the whole nation.
5. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, which our astronauts desire to do is
walk in space.
6. Whatever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
7. Why they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided.
8. When will win the English competition is still a problem.
9. How our spring sports meet will be held or not this week is not known yet.
10. It’s strange when he should have gone away without telling us.


主语从句学习指导
[寻规找矩] 请观察下列句子，注意主语从句的用法。
1. That the earth travels round the sun is a well-known fact.
2. It is uncertain whether the artist can do it or not.
3. Who will act the lead in the play has not been decided yet.
4. Where the young man has gone is not known.
5. It is not yet decided when and where the test will be given.
[归纳总结]
1. 引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether；连接代词who, whose, whom, whoever,
what, which等；连接副词where, when, whenever, wherever, how, why等。

2. 有时用it作形式主语，将主语从句后置。

[常见错误展示] 下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。
1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.
2. If she’s coming or not doesn’t matter much.
3. That the professor said is of great importance.
4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.
5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.
6. When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.
7. What were your problems a year ago has now become mine.
8. It was requested that everyone made a speech at the meeting.

[高考链接] 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江 2008)
A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who
2. ____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(2007 全国卷Ⅱ)
A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which
3. ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from
one aspect. (上海 2002 春)
A. What B. That C. This D. Which
4. ____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (NMET 1996)
A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

主语从句练习
单项选择题
1. _____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.
A. The estimate B. The estimate
C. They are estimated D. It is estimated that
2. _____ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.
A. That B. Which C. Who D. What
3. _____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. That
4. _____ you say now can’t make up for what you’ve done.
A. No matter B. Whatever C. However D. That
5. Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it
could occur elsewhere in the world.
A. which B. what C. how D. it
6. _____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.
A. That occurred to her B. She occurred that
C. To her that occurred D. It occurred to her that
7. I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.
A. which B. all C. this D. what
8. We lost our way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that it was
getting dark.

A. that B. which C. it D. what
9. _____ occurred to him that he had forgotten to lock the door when he left home.
A. This B. It C. That D. These
10. _____ or not is still uncertain.
A. He’s coming B. If he is coming
C. That coming D. Whether he’s coming
11. It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.
A. doubt whether B. doubtful C. doubt it D. doubtful whether
12. It is _____ that the bridge has existed for more than three centuries .
A. appeared B. risen C. said D. born
13. _____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.
A. That B. When C. What D. Which
14. _____ is a spell of warm sunshine.
A. What do we all need. B. What all we need
C. What we need D. What we all need
15. _____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.
A. What B. That C. He D. It
16. _____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and
early history of the moon.
A. Remarkable B. Quite remarkably
C. It is remarkable that D. It is remarkable
17. _____ you nominate will be elected.
A. Who B. Which C. Whomever D. That’s
18. _____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.
A. What B. Which C. Whichever D. That’s
19. _____ is troubling me is that I don’t have much experience in international commerce.
A. It B. That C. Which D. What
20. _____they wil go there to try another experiment has not been decided yet.
A. Whether B. If C. About whether D. Why

根据提示，完成句子。
hasn’t been decided yet.(pick)
谁将去接他还没有确定。
remains unknown.(finish)
我们是否能按时完成工作还不知道
is none of my business.(like)
你喜不喜欢他都与我无关。
is being discussed.(abroad)
他将何时出国正在讨论之中。
in learning English is enough practice.(matter)

英语学习中最重要的是足够的练习。
worried her a bit ______________________________________________.(tu rn)
她的头发正在变白让她有些担忧。
Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ___________________________ our
astronauts walk in space. (desire)
杨利伟成功地环绕地球后，我们希望的是宇航员在太空漫步。
8. ________________________________________ should be punished.(break)
任何违法的人都应该被惩罚。
we can learn four foreign languages at the same time.(seem)
我们能同时学四门外语似乎不可能。
was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to the key universities.
让这所学校感到自豪的是超过90%的学生被重点大学录取了。









主语从句
1—5 DDBBB
6—10 DDDBD
11—15 DCCDD
16—20 CACDA
will pick him up
we can finish the work on time
you like him (or not)
he will go abroad
matters most
her hair was turning grey
’s desired that
breaks the law
seems impossible that
10. What made the school proud

Key:

I． 1. Why 2. that 3. Which 4. Whoever

5. Whether 6. that 7. How 8. what
9. that 10. Who
II． 1. That → What 2. when → that
3. If → Whether 4. Whether → That
5. which → what
6. Whatever → Whoever
7. Why → How 8. When → Who
9. How → Whether 10. when → that
[解析与拓展]
1. 在句首加That（并将Light改为light）。that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。
2. 将If改为Whether。if, whether都可表示“是否”，但if不能引导位于主 句之前的主语从句，
它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。
3. 将That改为What。that引导主语从句时无词义。What the professor said表示“教授所说的”。
4. 将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。
5. 将No matter who改为Whoever。引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名 词性从句时
只能用whoever。
6. 将remain改为remains。主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。
7. has要改为have。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。
8. 将made改为（should） make。在“It is requested ordered suggested + that从句”中，从
句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。
1-4 CABB

21-25 BDCAC
26-30 DAADA
31-35 BDDCC
36-240 BCACB
（二）DCBAD BACDA BBCAB
（三）CDCAB DDCCB DABAD ABCAB
（四）CADCC ABDAB ACCBD BDDBA