现在完成时态

现在完成时态 详细讲解及其练习
一、现在完成时由“havehas+过去分词” 构成，主要有两个含义：①表示过去发生的动作对现
在造成的影响和结果，常用的时间状语有many times，just，yet，ever，never，just，already，
so far, by now等。
I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了。（现在我对它不感兴趣了）
——Have you found your lost pen yet?
——No, I haven’t found it yet.（我很着急）
②表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持续下去。用于延 续性动词，
常常与so far、for或者since短语连用。since + 时间点 从句，for + 时间段，如for two months
等。
二 、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别
1）现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现 在完成时表示过去动作对现
在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；
2）而一 般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。
因此现在完成时不能 与表示明确的过去时间如：in1949，yesterday，last week等的状语连用，
并 且用when或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只用一般过去时。
三、在“it is firstsecond...time that...。”或在“itthisthat is the +最高级+名词+that...。”结构中，
that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it + be ...+since从句”这一结构中，be可用一般现在
时或现在完成时，since从句一般 用过去时。
现在完成时可以和带有 since 或 for 等表示“一段时间”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某
一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：
I haven't seen him for two years.
但是，像 come, arrive, buy 等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改
为“be（ 在）”等延续性动词来表述。
现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换
arrive→be here die →be dead begin(start)→be on come back→be
back fallill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) leave →be away get up→be up finish →be
over open →be open close →be closed borrow →keep 或 be on →be in 或 be a member
of… go to school→be a student buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) begin to
study→study get to know →know come to work→work 等
如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。
We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。
几点注意事项
（1）have been(to)与 have gone( to)的区别：have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，
可用于 各人称；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，
前者可与 once , never, several times 等连用，后者则不能。
He has been to Beijing.他去过北京（已经回来了）
He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 （还没有回来）
havehas been in 待在某地
如：They have been in Beijing.他们呆在北京。
（2）终止性 动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段
时间的状语连 用。 如：

I haven't left here since 1997.自从 1997 年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。
现在完成时态练习题
一 选择填空。
( ) 2. Her father ______in1990 and her husband ______for more than five years.
(A) died ,dead (B) has died, dead
(C) died ,has been dead (D) has died, has died
( ) 3. I have _____this nice watch for two years.
(A) had (B) bought (C) borrowed (D) lend
( ) _____his home for ten years.
(A)has left (B)left from
(C)has been away from (D)was away from
( ) _____a league member for three years
(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become
( ) 's brother has _______for two years
(A)joined the army (C)become a soldier
(B)been an army (D)been in the army
( ) hasn't _____Quanzhou ever since he left school
(A) left (B)been away (C)been (D)away
二 选择填空
( ) 1. ——Have you finished your homework ——Yes, I _______it last night
(A) finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish
( ) 2.—— ________you ever _______to Nanjing ——Yes, I ______there last year.
(A)Have…gone, have gone (B)Did…go, went (C)Have…been , went (D)Did…go, has , been )
( ) 3.——When _______you ________Lucy in New York?
——I _________her for two years
(A) did…meet, haven't seen (B)did…meet, don't see
(C) have…met, haven't seen
( ) ______finished his homework yet .
( A) didn’t (B)haven’t (C) hasn’t (D) doesn’t have
( )5.——Have you ________traveled on the banch?
——Yes, I have.
(A)just (B)yet C)never (D)ever
( )6..——Have you finished your homework ——Not__________
(A)ever (B)already . (C)yet (D)just .
( ) 7 We haven't finished our homework，_____.
(A) already ( (B)ever (C)yet (D)never
( )8.——Have you__________ learned English?
——Yes, I've ________learned a lot.
(A)never, ever (B)ever, never
(C)ever, already (D)already. ever
( ) 9.——Have you finished your homework ________?
——Yes, I've _____done that.
(A) yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just
( )'s father _______borrowed some pictures

(A ) has just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)have already
( ) mother has worked in this factory _____2 years.
（A）about ( (B)for (C)in (D)since
（ )2. His father joined the party_________
(A)since three years ago (B)in two years' time
(C)for three years (D)three years ago
3. The students have cleaned the classroom , ________?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
came to Nanjing three years ago, so we ________ here for three years.
A. have been to B. have been in
C. have been D. have gone
5.- How long ______you_______ your dictionary?
- About two months.
A. did; buy B. have; get C. have; had D. have; bought
6. He tells me he________ China for over five years
. A. has been B. has been in
C. has been to D. has gone to China
7.________has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to Nanjing?
A. How soon , comes B. How often, got
C. How long , came D. How far, arrived
8. His uncle________ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
9. He has never surfed, __________(改成反意疑问句）?
10. They have been here since 2000 . (对划线部分提问)
__________ have they been here?
11. The old man _________last year. He________ for a year.(die)
12. This factory opened twenty years ago.(改写句子，句意不变)
I.

用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ___ (see) it last week.

2. ___ he ____(finish) his work today ? Not yet .

3. ___ you ____(be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I _____ (be) there twice .

4. He _______ just ______ (finish) his homework.

5. _______ the young woman ever _______(travel) to England?

6. _______ each of you _______(read) “Gone with the wind” yet?

7. Have you _______(get) any new CDs?

8. My family have never _______ (be) to Sanya
9. They _______ ever _______ (eat) fish and chips.

10. I _______ just _______ (lose) my science book.

11. Has Tom _______ (finish) his work?

12. I have already _______ (read) this book.

13. She hasn't _______(return) her book yet.

14. _________ you ever ____(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? No, never.

15. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.

16. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.

17. Shanghai _____ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it _________ (become) a
large city.

18. I _______________ (work) here since I ______________ (move) here in 1999.

19. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.

20. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.

21. I ____ just ___________ (finish) my homework.

22. He ____ (go) to school on foot every day.

23. ____ you ____________ (find) your science book yet?

24. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.

25. She doesn't like the children _______________ (play) in the room.

26. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.

27. Look! The monkey ______________ (climb) the tree.

28. My mother ____________ (come) to see me next Sunday.

29. How many sheep ____ you _______________ (get)? Only one.

30. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?

II.句型转换(每空一词)。
1. Miss Zhang has traveled to Beijing.（改为否定句）
Miss Zhang________ ________ to Beijing.
2、Have you ever wanted to visit the Summer Palace?（作肯定回答） _______, I ______.
3、He has answered all the questions.（对划线部分提问） _______ ________ he _______?
4、He has found something in the room.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ he found ________ in the room？
5、I didn't see him last year.（改为现在完成时）
I ______ _____ him for a long time.
6、The old man dide last year.（同义句改写）
He _____ ______ for a year.
7、This factory opened twenty years ago.（改写句子，句意不变）
This factory _____ _______ for twenty years.
8、Miss Gao left an hour ago.（改写句子，句意不变）
Miss Gao _____ ______ _______ ______ an hour ago.
9、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.（改写句子，句意不变）
______ two years ______ the Green Family moved to France.
10、The bus has arrived arrived ten minutes ago (改写句子，句意不变）
11、They have known each other for 6 years (改写句子，句意不变）
They have known each other______6 years______
12、I bought the bike last year I___________the bike for_______ _______
13、David has already got something to eat (改为否定句）
David_________ _________ __________to eat______________.
14 .I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句) I ___ ____ been to Macau before.

15 .He hasn’t come to school because he’s ill (就划线部分提问) ____ _____ he come to
school?

16He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问) ____ ___ ____ ____ learned English ?

17.I bough a new bike just now.(用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike.

began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____threeyears

III. 填入has have been 或has have gone.

1. Harry： I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night.

Diana： No, it wasn't me. I never there.

2. Sam： Sally and Tim are on holiday, aren't they? Where they ?

Sue： To Florida, again.

Sam： How many times they there?

Sue： This is their third visit.

3. Joe： Can I have an apple, please?

Mary： We haven't got any. I not to the shops today.

4. Alan： Where's Tony?

Mary： He's got a headache so he to bed.

5. Steve： Can I speak to Jill, please?

Lynn： She's out, I'm afraid. She to the cinema this evening.

Steve： Again? She already to the cinema three times this week.

IV. 用for 或since填空。
1) ______ two years _______ two years ago 2) _______ last month 3) _______
yesterday 4) _______ an hour ago 5) ______ she left here 6) _______ 4 o’clock 8) ______
1999 9) ______ 4 hours 10) _____ lunch time
11. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.
12. I’ve known him __________ we were children.
13. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.
14. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.
15. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
16. Jill has been in Ireland Monday.

17. Jill has been in Ireland three days.

18. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.

19. Margaret is in her office. She has been there 7 o'clock.

20. India has been an independent country 1974.

21. The bus is late. We've been waiting 20 minutes.

22. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.

23 Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October.

Ｖ．单项选择

1. Li Hong has ________ the army for 2 years.

A. joined B. joined to C. been in D. joined in

2. We have been friends since ______.

A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before

3. Mike ___________ the story for a month.

A. Has bought B. Has had C. had had D. has borrowed

4. You ______ that question three times.

A. already asked B. have already asked C. already have asked D. asked already

5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou __________.

A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago

6. I _____ at this school for two years already.

A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have studied

7. They _________ in the city since last summer.

A. live B. didn’t live C. have lived D. live

8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _________ 1992.

A. since B. from C. after D. in

9. Mr. Black _________ China since the summer of 1998.

A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to

10. You’d better go on ________ English.

A. study B. studied C. studying D. to study

11. You have never been to the Great Wall, ________ you?

A. do B. don’t C. have D. haven’t

12. His father _______ for years.

A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies

13. Mary ________ to see the films because she __________ it twice.

A. won’t go, saw B. won’t go, will see C. won’t go, has seen D. didn’t go, sees

14. ________ you ________ some more food? Thank you. I _______ enough.

A. will have B. have had C. Do, have , have D. Do, have, had

15. ______ you ______ England? Yes, it _____ a beautiful country.

A. Will , gone to, was , been to, is C. had ,been to, is D. Have ,gone to, is

16. ----_______ you _______ to the capital?

---No, I ______.I ______ there early next month.

A. Have,been, haven’t, am going B. Had, been, hadn’t, am going

C. Have, gone, haven’t, was going D. Did,go, didn’t, was going

17. ---You sister ______ to London to study English. Is that true?

---Yes , she ___ there for two months.

A. has been, has been B. will go, has gone

C. gone, will be D. has gone, has been

18. Bruce ____ how to use a computer. He____a computer of his own. He ____ it two days ago

A. learns, will get, bought B. is learning, has got, bought

C. learned, has got, bought D. is learning, got, has bought

19. --You haven’t read the book before, have you? --_______.

A. Yes , I haven’t. B. No, I have. C. Yes, I do. D. No, I haven’t.

20. —Where is Li Lei? —He ___ Shanghai.

A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to

will write to us as soon as he _______ there.

A.. gets B. will get C. got

, the boy _______ !

A.. smile B. smiled C. is smiling

is busy now. She _______ pictures.

A.. draws B. drew C. is drawing

_______ his homework and is now listening to music.

A.. finishes B. has finished C. finish

are going to take some pictures if _______ tomorrow.

A.. it will rain B. it rains C. it doesn't rain

kind of bike _______ in China.

A.. makes B. made C. is made

h _______in many countries.

A.. is speaking B. is spoken C. has spoken

TV set _______ in Japan.

A.. made B. makes C. is made

floor of our classroom _______ every day.

A.. is cleaned B. cleaned C. has cleaned

story_______ down and became world famous.

A.. was written B. has written C. wrote

30._______ I get up at six tomorrow? No, you needn’t.

A.. May B. Can C. Must

_____return the book now. You can keep it until next week.

A.. can't B. mustn't C. needn't

are very ill, so you _______ stay in bed for a week.

A. can B. need C. must

33.I'll give the letter to her _______ she comes back.

A.. as soon as B. before C. since

Tom was born ______ May 3rd, 1985.

A.. in B. at C. on

you let me ________home a little earlier?

A.. go B. going C. to go

teacher told us _________ in the street.

A.. not to play B. not play C. don't play

36. Have you ever _____ to a foreigner?

A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. to speak

37. She's never read the book before, _____ ?

A. has she B. hasn't she C. isn't she D. wasn't she?

ＶＩ．翻译下面句子。

1. 我从来没有听到过他。 _____________________________________

2． 你到哪儿去了？ ______________________________________________

3． 你父亲买了新手表给你。是吗？ ______________________________________

4． 我已经对英语感兴趣了。 ______________________________________________

5． 自从他来到我们学校，我们就交了朋友。_________________________ _____________

6． 他来到这儿许多年了。 ______________________________________________

7． 那位老太太已经死了两年了。 _______________________________________

8． 他们离开上海多久了？。 ______________________________________

9． 她曾去过青岛两次。 ________________________________________

10. 我哥哥去北京了。 ______________________________________________

11．我还没有做完作业呢 _________