高考英语一轮复习——完成时态(附答案)

高考英语一轮复习——完成时态（附答案）
I. 考点分析
1． 完成时态中的考查点通常有现在完成时（have +done）、现在完成进行时(have+been doing)、
过去完成时(had + done)、过去完成进行时（had +been doing）和将来完成时(willshall +have done)
等，其中将来完成时和过去完成时出现的频率相当高，几乎达到每次一题。
A 关于现在完成
1.现在完成时表示对现在仍有影响的某一已发生的动作，常与already, yet, recently, lately或频度副词
often, never, ever, seldom, twice等连用，例如：
We have been to the Great Wall many times.
He hasn’t translated the novel yet.
2. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在的动作，常与for +一段时间, since, in recent years, so far等词或词
组连用；例如：He has lived in Beijing for 20 years.
The essence of music has not changed since the beginning of time.
is (has been)…since这一结构也常用于现在完成时。例如：
It has been (也可用is) a long time since they last met each other.
4. “This is the first (second) time that…”句型中，从句常用现在完成时态。例如：
Is this the first time that you have visited Hong Kong?
This is the second time that I have broken a cup this week?
5.可用于if, unless, when, as, until等引导的条件和时间状语从句中，表示将来完成的动作。例如：Come
here when you have finished your work.
B关于现在完成进行时
由have (has) + been +现在分词构成，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到 现在，可能还要继
续下去，通常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如for hours, since this morning….例如：
They have been watching TV for two hours.
He has been working on this essay since this morning.

现在完成进行时和现在完成时 的第二种（即表示动作延续）的用法相似，并常常可以互换。它们的区
别在于：现在完成进行时比现在完 成时更强调动作的延续性，前者可以说是后者的强调形式。
C 关于过去完成时
1.由had +过去分词构成，表示在过去某一时刻以前已经完成的动作，常与由by, before，until等介词
或连词引起的表示到过去某一时间为止的时间状语连用。例如：
The girl had learned a lot of English words before she went to school.
By the end of last month, we had finished half of the work.
2.这一时态也常用于宾语或定语从句中。例如：
He found the book that he had lost.
She thought she had locked the door.
3.用在表示与过去情况相反的虚拟句的从句中，例如：
If he had studied hard last term, he would have passed the examination.
I wish I had gone to the party last night.
D 关于过去完成进行时
由had been +现在分词构成，主要表示过去某时以前一直在进行的一个动作，例如：
It had been raining for two day. The fields were all under water.
At last they got the telegram they had been expecting.
E 关于将来完成时
由shall (will) + have +过去分词构成，表示将来某个时间之前会发生或可能完成的事情，常与by,
before, when等介词或连词引导的表示将来的时间短语或从句连用。例如：
When we get there they’ll probably have left.
By the end of this century China will have become one of the strongest and wealthiest country in the world.
II. 练习：
1. By the end of this month, we surely ______ a satisfactory solution to the problem.

A) have found B)will be finding C) will have found D) are finding
2. By the end of the year all but two people ______.
A) have left B) will leave C) will be leaving D) will have left
3. We _____ to start our own business, but we never had enough money.
A) have hoped B) hope C) had hoped D) should hope
4. It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory ______ by about 10%.
A) will have risen B) has risen C) will be rising D) has been rising
5. Until then, his family ______ from him for six months.
A) didn’t hear B) hasn’t been hearing C) hasn’t heard D) hadn’t heard
6. The conference ______ a full week by the time it ends.
A) must have lasted B) will have lasted C) would last D) has lasted
7.“May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o’clock tonight?”
“I’m sorry. Mr. Williams ______ to a conference long before then.”
A) will have gone B) had gone C) would have gone D) has gone
the time you get to New York, I ______ for London.
A) am leaving B) shall have left C) have already left D) would be leaving
III. 答案及详解
1. C) 题意：到这个月底，我们肯定已经找到了令人满意的解决该问题方法。
解析：表示将来某个时间之前发生的事情，动词用将来完成时，所以选项C是正确答案。
2. D) 题意：到今年年底，除了两人以外所有的人都将已离开。
解析：本句也是表示将来某个时间之前发生的事情，动词用将来完成时，所以选项D是正确答
案。
3. C) 题意：我们曾希望开设自己的企业，但我们从未有过足够的钱。

解析：根据but引出的句子的时态判断，希望开企业的动作发生在“过去的过去”，因此用过去
完成时 。故选C.
4. A) 题意：据报道，到本月底，该厂水泥的产量将增加10%左右。
解析：同第1题。
5. D) 题意：直到那时为止，他的家人已有6个月没有受到他的来信了。
解析：表示过去某时之前发生的情况，动词用过去完成时，所以D)hadn’t heard是正确答案。
6. B) 题意：会议到结束时将持续整整一周。
解析：by the time it ends表示将来某个时间之前发生的动作，用将来完成时，所以选项B是正确
答案。
7. A) 题意：“今天下午5点我可以和您的经理威廉先生谈谈吗？”“抱歉威廉先生到那时早已去参加
一 个会议去了。”
解析：同第1题。
8. B) 题意：等你到达纽约的时候，我将早已动身去伦敦了。
解析：同第6题。