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现在完成时态由have加动词的过去分词构成

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2020-10-30 07:53
tags:完成时态

背对背信用证-平禹四矿

2020年10月30日发(作者:卞永春)



现在完成时态由 have 加动词的过去分词构成,主语是第三人称单数时,要将 have 改
为 has。
例句:I have seen the film already.我已经看过那部电影了(现在我知道电影的内容了。)
Have you seen my bag? 你看到我的手提包了吗? (你知道它在哪里? )
She has been a dancer for ten years. 她已当了十年的舞蹈演员了。
We’ve planted thousands of trees in the past few years. 过去几年我们种了成千上
万棵树。
时态详解及专项练习专题
对于初接触现在 完成时的人来说,往往会产生一种茫然,因为它似乎与一般过去时相似。
那就是,这两种时态描述的动作 都始于过去。其实不然,现在完成时主要表示,发生在过去
的动作延续到现在刚刚完成、或许还要延续; 侧重于这个动作对现在带来的结果、产生的影
响、积累的总和等等。而一般过去时则只不过是表示动作发 生在过去的什么时候。弄清了这
一区别,就很容易理解现在完成时了。它主要适用于下面的几种情况:
1)表示截止现在业已完成的动作 By now, I have collected all the data that I
need .到现在为止,我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。
She has read 150 pages today .她今天已看了150页。
We haven't met for many years .我们已多年没见了。
They have developed a new product .他们研制成功了一种新产品。
2)表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作
Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗?
She has been to the United States. 她已去美国了。
You have grown much taller.你长高了许多。
3)表示过去发生的动作持续到现在,并可能还要延续
It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
They have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了。



So far we've only discussed the first five chapters.至今我们还只讨论了前五章。
几点注意1)一个句子应该用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思,以及它所处的语言
环境。例如:
He speaks English .(一般现在时,说明动作发生的经常性。)
He spoke English when he was in New Zealand .(一般过去时,说明动作发生的时间。)
He is speaking English.(现在进行时,说明动作正在进行。)
He has spoken English for three years since he came to the USA.(现在完成时,
这里说明动作的总和。)
He has been speaking English since he came to the USA. (现在完成进行时,强
调动作的连续性。)
2)在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主 从复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是一般
将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时 ;如果主句的谓语动词是
过去将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。
例如:I will not play tennis if it rains tomorrow.
I would not play tennis if it rained the next day.
3) 有些动词表示无法持续的动作,它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。这类动词常见的有:
be , believe , consist , find , forget , hate , have , hope , hear , know , li
ke , love , notice , prefer , remember , see , seem , smell , suggest , taste ,
understand , want , wish , sit down , stand up 等等。
Be动词若是用于进行时态,可表示暂时、短暂的情况或表现。例如:
Tom is being a good boy today .汤姆今天很乖。
He is being childish .他这样做是耍孩子气。
You are not being modest .你这样说不太谦虚。
4)关于现在完成时的时间状语问题
A. 凡是完成时态都表示,不知道也不管动作发生的具体时间, 所以在使用现在完成
时的句子里,不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语,如:yesterday , last week ( month ,



year , etc. ) , two weeks ago , in 1999等;但常和有些副词连用,如: just , bef
ore , already , often , never , ever , not…yet , always等等。
B. 在以when提问的特殊疑问中不能用现在 完成时。另外,ago不能用于现在完成时的
句子里,因为它表示从现在算起的以前某个时间,属于表示 具体过去时间的状语。但是可以
用before 来表示以前的意义,因为它只表示以前,而不知什么时候的以前。
C. 如果是不表示连续性的动 词用于现在完成时的句子,不可以和以for表示的一段时
间的状语连用。在这种情况下,应该用 ;since…
He has joined the army for five years. (错误)
It has been five years since he joined the army.(正确)
一、单项选择
1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _________what's happen
ed to him .A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
2、He has _____ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B.never
C.ever D. still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______?A.just B. ago C.beforeD. a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written
5、-Our country _____ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed well B. changed good
C. has changed better D. changed better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was studying B. will studyC. has studied D. are studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know B. had known C. have known D. Knew



8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
9、-These farmers have been to the United States .
-Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go B. did they go
C. do they go D. have they gone
10、-______ you ___ your homework yet ?
-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Did ; do finished B. Have done finished
C. Have done have finished D. will do finish
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
12、-Do you know him well ?
- Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
13、-How long have you _ here ? -About two months .A been B.goneC.comeD
arrived14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been onD. began
15、It __ ten years since he left the army .A. is B. has C.will D. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she______ to the library .
A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .



A. have been in B. have been to
C. have gone to D. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they B. don't they C. have they D. haven't they
19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
二、句型转换
3、The old man _________ last year. He for a year. (die) (动词填空)
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一
个句子)

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