【教育资料】新目标八年级下UNIT-10-语法现在完成时态语法学案(无答案)学习精品

现在完成时语法专题与练习
导学一：重点语法
知识点讲解 1：现在完成时态的结构
基本结构 定义
（适用情况）

例句 常用提示词汇
或时间状语







havehas +P.P

1. 表示过去发生或完
She has already finished her
成的动作对现在的影
work.
响
2. 表示动作从过去已经
开始，一直持续到现
在。

already, yet, never,
ever, just, for, since,
these days, so far, up


(动词过去分词)
We have been here for six years. to now, in the past 2
years等








PS: 1）当主语是第三人称单数时用has，其余人称用have.
2）过去分词：规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同，不规则动词需要特殊记忆。
1. 参照列子写出下列动词的四种形式

e.g. come-
（1）rain -
came - come - comes - coming
- ___________

- -

（2）try -



-


- - ___________
- ___________
- ___________
（3）begin -

-

-
（4）shop -

-

-

2. 选用have或has填空。
（1） I

visited the museum.
（2）


you ever been to Beijing?
（3） My mother

（4）


made a lot of apple juice.
he watched the film?
（5） Mrs Brown

bought some read and milk.
知识点讲解 2：现在完成时态的句式
句式 例句


肯定陈述句
1. They have visited Guangzhou.
2. He has visited Guangzhou.



否定陈述句
1. They haven’t visited Guangzhou.
2. He hasn’t visited Guangzhou.



一般疑问句
1. Have they visited Guangzhou?
2. Has he visited Guangzhou?



回答
1. Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.
2. Yes, he has. No, he



hasn’t.
特殊疑问句
1. Where have they visited?
2. Where has he visited?




PS: 缩略形式：
I have = I’ve

you have = you’ve

we have = we’ve

they have = they’ve he has = he’s she has = she’s

have not = haven’t it has = it’s has not = hasn’t
我爱展示

1. （1）Peter has told me the news. (改为否定句)
________________ _________________________________________________
（2）Edwin and Alex have watched the football game. (改为一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答)
_____________________ ____________________________________________
_ __________________________________________________ ______________
（3）Timmy hasn’t come here yet. (改为肯定句)
______________________________________ ___________________________
导学二：现在完成时知识点辨析
知识点讲解 1：since与 for
表示发生在过去某一时刻并持续到现在的情况，常与“for+一段时间”，since+ 过去某个时间点或从句” 等时间状语连用。
Mary has been ill for three days. 玛丽病了三天了。
I have lived here since 2019. 从2019年起我就一直住在这里。
我爱展示

1. 选词填空（since, for）
（1） I have been here ____________ 2019.
（2） Tom has studied English ____________ five years.
（3） We have been friends ____________ we met in the park last year.
知识点讲解 2：ever 与 never
ever 表示“曾经”。用于陈述句或疑问句。 never 表示“永不，从不”，是一个否定词。
我爱展示

1. 选词填空（ever, never）
（1） We have ___________ seen the film UP(飞屋环游记)，have we?
（2） --- Have you ____________ been to Berlin?
--- No, not yet.
知识点讲解 3：already与yet
already“已经”，一般用于肯定句，常放在助动词与过去分词之间，也可放在句末。
yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句，位于句末。在疑问句中意为“已经”，否定句的意为“仍未”。
我爱展示
1. 选词填空（already, yet）
（1）The boy over there has ____________ finished his homework.
（2）The boss will arrive in an hour, but the clerks haven’t got everything ready _____________.
知识点讲解 4：
have gone to, have been to, have been in

1）havehas been to 去过某地（现在已回来），
常与once, never, several times等词连用。例如：I have been to Haiwaii twice.
2）havehas gone to 去了某地（还没回来），常用于第三人称。例如：My mother
isn’t at home. She has gone to Hawaii.
3）has been in+ 地点+ for + 一段时间，意为“待在某地多长时间了”例如：The foreigner can speak Chinese very
well because she has been in China for seven years.
我爱展示

1. --- Where is Darning?
??? He ________ the teacher's office. He’ll be back soon.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. will go to
2. --- Excuse me, is Mr Green in the office?
--- No. He

Singaporefor a meeting. He will be back in a few days.
A. have gone to

B. has gone to C. have been to
D. is going to

D. has been to
3 --- Jane, when did you come here?
--- In 2019. I ___________ here for two years.
A. have been to

4. --- Where is your father?
B. have gone to


C. have come

D. have been

--- He ________ Xiamen on business.
A. will go to

C. has gone to

D. has been to

B. goes to
5. My father ________ to Shanghai many times.
A. goes

C. has gone D. would go

B. has been
导学三：现在完成时易错点




知识点讲解 1：持续性动词与非持续性动词间的转换

非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的词连用。若和表示时间段的状语连用，转换如下：

非延续性动词


延续性动词

非延续性动词

延续性动词
keep

buy



have

borrow
leavego

die





be dead
be back

be away (from)
be open

comego back

fall asleep

open
marry



be asleep
be on

be married
be over

begin



finish
join


arriveget to
reachcome





be inbe atstay


be a … member


例如：

The dog died five years ago. --- The dog has been dead for five years.
He left Beijing in 2019. --- He has been away from Beijing since 2019.
我爱展示

1. [单项选择] （2019年东营中考试题） The Dongying-Hainan airline
three times.
A. is open

for about 5 months. I have taken the flights

B. has opened

D. has been opened C. has been open

2.
[单项选择] （2019年青岛中考试题） The astronaut is so tired that he _________ for eleven hours.
A. has been asleep B. has fallen asleep C. has gone to bed
Luzhou for three months.
C. has gone to
for ten years.
C. got married
D. has gone to sleep
3.
[单项选择] （2019年沪州中考试题） He

D. has been away from A. has left B. has come to
4. [单项选择] （2019年雅安中考试题） He




知识点讲解 2：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
A. has been married B. married
试对比以下四组句子：
I saw this film yesterday.

D. has married
强调看的动作发生过了
强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知了

I have already seen this film.

Ann visited her uncle last weekend.

visit这个动作在过去已经停止

They have lived here since 1983.

live
here 这个动作从1983年开始，一直延续到现在
join是短暂动词

He joined the League three years ago.

He has been in the League for three years.

be
in表状态，在团内的状态可延续

Tim wrote a letter to his brother last night.

last
night 为具体的过去时间状语

I’ve learned English for three years.


for
three years为时间状语，是个时间段，时间跨度
大，不具体



我爱展示

1.

一般过去时

现在完成时


强调过去某时发生的动作





过去开始的动作可一直延续到现在
常用非延续性动词，如borrow, buy, come等
与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语

2.
[单项选择] ??? Hasn’t Alice come yet?
--- No, and I _________ for her for about 2 hours.
A. wait B. waited


C. have waited

D. had waited
3.
[单项选择] （2019年湖北中考） Her grandpa _______ in 2019. Though he _______ for about ten years, she still misses him.
A. dies? has died B. died? has been dead C. died? was dead D. died? has died
-- Have you ever been to Shanghai, Mary?
4.
[单项选择] （2019年安徽中考试题） -
--- Yes. I ________ there for three days with my parents last month.
A. have gone B. have been C. went


D. was
5.
[单项选择] （2019年河北中考试题） My brother left school in 2009, and since then he _________ in Beijing.
A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived
6. [单项选择] （2019年临沂中考试题） I must return the dictionary to Allen now. I _________ it for three weeks already.
A. kept B. will keep C. keep D. have kept
知识点总结
基础巩固（现在完成时）
现在完成时基本知识点回顾：
1）现在完成时的概念：_______________ 发生的事情对_______________ 产生影响；或者表示_______________的动作一
直延续到_______________，有可能继续持续下去。
2）现在完成时的基本结构：____________________________。
3）现在完成时常见的时间状语：__________________________________ ________________________。
4）去过某地：_____________ _____________________；去了某地： _______________________________；
一直呆在某地：_________________________________。
5）当短暂性动词与一段时间连用时，短暂性动词要转变为_____________________。
6）常见的短暂性动词的转变有：
leave ??? _______________? die ??? _______________? begin start??? _______________?
finish??? _______________? join??? _______________? fall asleep??? _______________? go out??? _______________? become???
_______________? borrow??? _______________? buy??? _______________.
1.
[单项选择] （2019年日照中考英语试卷） ??? The paper says Iron Man 3 is on this evening. Let’s go and see it.
--- But I ________ it.
A. see

B. saw

C. have seen

D. will see
-- _________ your son _________ a camera?
2.
[单项选择] （2019年威海中考英语试卷） -
--- No. He _________ one this summer vacation.
A. Has.. .bought? will buy B. Did...buy? bought


D. Does ...buy? will buy

C. Does ...buy? bought
-- How long has Robert _________?
3.
[单项选择] （2019年济南中考英语试卷） -
--- Since 2019.
A. came to Beijing B. become a policeman C. joined the art club
4. [单项选择] --- _________ you _________ Jeremy Shu-How Lin?

D. studied in this school

--- Yes. The once-nameless young man became a basketball hero suddenly.
A. Did? hear B. Do? listen to C. Have? heard of

D. Have? listened to
5. [单项选择] --- Will you go and see the movie Net Mother with me?
--- Thank you. But I _________ it already.
A. saw B. have seen
6. [单项选择] --- Do you know the Englishman?
--- Yes. I _________ him for two years.
A. get to know B. have known


C. see D. will see
C. knew D. got to know
7. [单项选择] Our foreign teacher Mr. Green __________ us English since three years ago.
A. has taught B. is teaching C. taught

D. teaches
8. [单项选择] Miss Lin _________ a lot of work for the poor area since 2019.
A. does B. did C. has done

D. will do
9. [单项选择] Don’t return the video to Peter, I _________ it.
A. don’t watch B. won’t watch

C. haven’t watched

D. wasn’t watch
10. [单项选择] ??? Your shoes are so old. Why don’t you buy a new pair?
--- Because I ________ all my money on an MP5.
A. spend B. have spent


C. am spending D. was spending
11. [单项选择] --- Do you know the pregnant woman (孕妇) in Zhenjiang who caught H7N9 has got well?
--- Yes. The virus H7N9 doesn't seem so serious. But I _________ chicken for over two months.
A. didn’t eat B. hadn’t eaten C. haven’t eaten

D. don't eat
12. [单项选择] Julie's father _________ to London last month. He __________ there three times.
A. went? had gone B. has gone: has been C. went? has been D. has been? had gone
13. [单项选择] A number of tourists _________ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.
A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to
14. [单项选择] --- Why are you worried?


D. has come in
??? I’m expecting a call from my daughter. She _________ New York for three years.
A. has gone to B. has been to
15.
[单项选择] ??? I’ve got the final Harry Potter book.
--- You will love it. I
reading
16.
[单项选择] By the time I
A. eats
C. has been in


it twice already.
B. have read

C. was reading

D. will read

my breakfast, it’s eight o’clock, time to leave for the office.
C. ate D. was eating B. have eaten
-- Do you know her well?
17.
[单项选择] -
--- Sure. We ________ friends since ten years ago.
A. were B. have made


C. have been


D. have become
-- Have you ever _________ Australia?
18.
[单项选择] -

C. been to? play


D. gone to? playing
??? Yes, I have. It’s really interesting __________ with kangaroos.
A. been to? to play B. gone to? played

19.
[单项选择] Hi! Mr. Smith. I didn’t know you were in New York. How long _________ here?
A. have you come B. were you C. have you been D. will you come
20. I __________________ (visit) many zoos in my life but none is suitable for animals to live in.
21.
I ________________ (expect) the big match for 4 years.

22.
The children here _________________ (study) with E-textbooks since last September.

23.
He _______________ (be) a volunteer in Ya-an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.

24.
Maybe you __________________ (hear) of The Chinese Speak English program before.

25.
I _________________ (be) very naughty since I became a student in the school, and the headmaster is very

angry with me. He is going to write to you.
26. I ___________________ (keep) the dog for almost ten years.
27.
Mr. Cadbury made their first milk chocolate bar in 1897. Their most famous chocolate, Cadbury Milk Bar, was

made in 1905. It _______________ (be) popular for over 100 years.
28. Mr Liu isn't here now．He ___________________ (go) to Beijing.
29.
Mr. King __________________ (tour) six countries over the years.