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初二英语现在完成时态的讲解及习题答案

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2020-10-30 08:04
tags:完成时态

什么是陈述句举例说明什么-研究生考点查询

2020年10月30日发(作者:阚凤岗)


成都少年时教育 劝君莫惜金缕衣 劝君惜取少年时
周末重难点
现在完成时的讲解和练习题
一、 构成:主语 + havehas + 过去分词+其他
否定式:主语 + haven'thasn't + 过去分词 + 其他。
疑问式: Have Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?
简略答语: (肯定)Yes, 主语 + havehas. (否定)No, 主语 + haven'thasn't.(否定)
二、 用法:现在完成时既涉及过去,又联系现在
(一)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或 结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现
在的动作或状态
常与just(刚刚),alr eady(已经),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),before(以前),yet(仍然,还),once(一次),twice(两次),many times(很多次),how many times(多少次),so far(迄今
为止),up to now ,till now 等时间状语连用。如:
※副词的位置:①just常用于肯定句中,放在have has后,He has just come .
②never表示否定,放在have has后, He has never visited the Great Wall.
③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have Has+主语+ever +过去分词?“…曾经……过吗?”用于询问某人
过去的经历。 Have you ever been to the farm?
④before用于句末, The woman has never heard of that before.
⑤yet用于句末或not之后. Has the train arrived yet? No, not yet.
⑥already用于肯定句, have has之后或句末.We have already finished it.
⑦so far用于句首或句末. So far, we have visited the moon.
(二):表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语有:
①for+表示一段时间的词语 I have taught English for 19 years。
②since+表示过去时间点的词语 He has been at this schoolsince 1986.
③since+表示过去的时间状语从句 I have lived here since I was born.
④since+一段时间+ago. I have known him since 20 years ago.
三、现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间状语(for,since,how long, all one’s life)连用的动词必须用延
续性动词(肯定句)。如:be,h ave,know,live,work,study,learn,teach,keep,speak,ta lk,draw,
wait,wear,walk,sleep,drive,write,do,cl ean等。
Eg. I have been a teacher for nearly 20 years. How long has he lived here?
常见终止性动词和延续性动词的相应转换形式如下:
1、borrow lend→keep, 2、buy→have, 3、finish end→be over,

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成都少年时教育 劝君莫惜金缕衣 劝君惜取少年时
4、begin start→be on 5、open→be open 6、 close→be closed, 7、die→be dead
8、arrive come go move reach get to→be in at be here be there,
9、leave→be away(from) 10、go to school→be in school be a student,
11、get up→be up, 12、fall asleep→be asleep 13、fall ill→be ill
14、get to know→know, 15、lose→be lost 16、become→be 17、begin to study→study,
18、return come back get back→be back 19、join→be in be a…member,
20、join the army→be in the army be a soldier
21、receive get a letter→have a letter 22、 catch get a cold→have a cold
Eg. 他参军已有三年.He has joined the army for three years.(错)改为:
He has been in the army for three years since three years ago.
Hehas been a soldier for three years since three years ago.
四、现在完成时中应注意的几个问题
1. have been to和have gone to的区
have been to强调“曾经去过…”,现已不在那里,已经回来了
have gone to主要强调的是“去了…”,可能在去的途中,或在去的目的地。
2. have been to和have been in的区别
have been to强调人“已回到原地”,后面可接表示“次数”的状语。
have been in表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间,现仍在那里”,其后常带表示一段时间的状语
练习题
I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet?
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.
12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.
13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.
14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?
II. Choose the best answer.

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成都少年时教育 劝君莫惜金缕衣 劝君惜取少年时
( )1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________what's happened to him .
A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
( )2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A. already B.never C.ever D. still
( )3、Have you met Mr Li ______?
A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago
( )4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .
A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written
( )5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed well B. changed good
C. has changed better D. changed better
( )6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was studying B. will study
C. has studied D. are studying
( )7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
( )8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
( )9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really ? When _____ there ?
A. will they go B. did they go
C. do they go D. have they gone
( )10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Did do finished B. Have done finished
C. Have done have finished D. will do finish
( )11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
( ) 12、—Do you know him well ?
— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
( )13、—How long have you ____ here ?
—About two months .
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
( ) 14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
A. has begun B. had begun
C. has been on D. began
( )15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .
A. is B. has C. will D. was
( )16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .
A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been
( )17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .
A. have been in B. have been to

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成都少年时教育 劝君莫惜金缕衣 劝君惜取少年时
C. have gone to D. have been
( )18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
( )19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
( )20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
( )21. How long have you _______ here?
A. come B. got C. arrived D. been
( )22. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.
( )23. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.
A. been B. gone C. went D. never been
( )24. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.
A. after B. since C. for D. that
( )25.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times.
A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet
( )26. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it?
--Just 2 weeks.
A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had
( )27.--Do you know Lydia very well?
--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned
( )28. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.
A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live
( )29. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?-- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to
( )30. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going
III. Rewrite the sentences.
1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I _________ _________ been to Macau before.
2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)
______ _______ he come to school?
3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike.
4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years
5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? (改成反意疑问句)
6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______have they been here?
7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) (动词填空)
8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
四、用have has been to in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country.
2) David ________ the park just now.

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成都少年时教育 劝君莫惜金缕衣 劝君惜取少年时
3) John _______ England since he came back.
4) How long _____ they _____ this village?
5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.
6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.
7) I _____ this school since three years ago.
8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.
9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.
10) Would you like to _____ to the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before.
11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ to the zoo.
12) He often _____ swimming.
13) _____ you ______ there last year?
14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter?
五、 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”




参考答案:
一、单项选择。
1、现在完成时主要强调过 去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持续到现在
或将来,重点在于对现在 的影响。这种考查难度较大,往往无时间状语,需要从上下文分析、推理才行。
故上两侧根据上下文分析 、推理,正确答案是B。
2、现在完成时常与already(已经),just(刚刚,正好), ever(曾经),never(从来,也不;从不),
before(以前),yet(仍然)等连用 。故2应选B。
3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently(近来),so far(到目前为止),in the past“last + 一段时间”等时间状语
连用。因 为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持
续到现在 的。故4应选D。
5、C
6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用(含从句,从句过去时)。故6应选C。
7、C
8、现在完成时还与once(一次),twice(两次),three times(三次),several times(几次)等表示
重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。
9、现在完成时与一般过去 时容易混淆,就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区别:一般
过去时表示过去某个时间 发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事
情,与现在没有关系;现 在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语(如
yesterday , last week , a moment ago等)连用。故9的正确答案为B。
10、B

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成都少年时教育 劝君莫惜金缕衣 劝君惜取少年时
11、现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导 的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延
续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为:D。
12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。
16、“havehas gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地(还未回来)”,指主语所指的人不在这儿。“havehas
been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”,常与表示时间的状语连用。“havehas been to +地点”
表示“曾经去过某地(但现在已不在那儿)。”故16的正确答案为A。
17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C


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