初中现在完成时态讲解带练习知识讲解

初现在完成时态讲
解带练习
中

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一. 现在完成时的含义及用法
1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。
2. 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
现在完成时的基本句型：
肯定式：
主语 + 助动词havehas + 动词的过去分词.
否定式:
主语 + 助动词havehas + not + 动词的过去分词.
疑问式：
助动词HaveHas + 主语 + 动词的过去分词?
用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。
Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)
I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙)
I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容)
I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)
此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助
动词之后，过去分词之前。
already: 常用于肯定句中.
yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经
1. 你已经找到你的书了吗?

2. 他们在这个城市建了许多房子.

3. Judy还没到达.
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4. 你吃过早饭了吗?


用法②
现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
She has learned English for 5 years.
He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born .
Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock?
for+ 时间段
since+时间点 , since+ 句子
①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years.
②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month.
③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month .
④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday.
⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long time .
⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years.
⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old.


二. have been 与have gone 的用法比较


了。
have been in “呆在某处一段时间了”
have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。
have gone to “去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿

三. 实义动词分为: 瞬间动词 、延续动词
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瞬间动词：borrow, die, join, begin, start, finish, end, leave, buy, arrive, come
在现在完成时的肯定句中，瞬间动词不能与表示短时间的句子连用，否定句中可以。
瞬间动词若要连用可替换成别的表达方式:
1. 瞬间动词可用于“段时间 + ago ” 的一般过去时句型
2. 瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语.与段时间连用

动作
die
Borrowbuy
leave
arrive
begin
Endfinish
join
marry
例句：
他的爷爷已经去世2年了。
Nick 参军3年了.


他离开深圳好长时间了。
这本书我已借了4个月了.
状态
Be dead
Keephad
Be away
Be here
Be on
Be over
Be in
Be married

1. The famous writer _____ a new book in the past two year .
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
2. Have you met Mr. Li ____？
Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago
long have you ____ here ? — About two months .
Ａbeen Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
4. —Our country ____ a lot so far . —Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed; well Ｂ. changed; good Ｃ. has changed; better Ｄ. changed; better
5. —______ you ___ your homework yet ? Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
Ａ.Did; do; finished Ｂ.Have; done; finished Ｃ.Have; done; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish
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6. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. Knew
7. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice.
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
farmers have been to the United States . ——Really? When _____ there ?
Ａ. will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
9. Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was studying Ｂ. will study Ｃ. has studied Ｄ. are; studying
father ______ the Party since 1998 .
Ａ.joined Ｂ.has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
11.—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago
Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
12. He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ?
Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
13. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
14. It ___ ten years since he left the army .
Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
15. Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.
Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
16. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
17. The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they

答案:
一．
用法①
Have you found your book yet?
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They have built many buildings in this city.
Judy hasn’t arrived yet.
Have you had breakfast ?
用法②
For; since; for; since; for; for; since
三．
①His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.
It is 2 years since his grandpa died.
②Nick has been in the army for 3 years.
It is 3 years since Nick joined the army.
③He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.
It is a long time since he left Shenzhen.
④I have hadkept the book for 4 months.
It is 4 months since I borrowed the book .
选择题：
1-5 DCACB
6-10 CBBCD
11-15 BBCAA
16-17 BD
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