体型分类-等待英语怎么说
时态讲解:现在完成时
1)现在完成时通常表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在
造成
的影响和结果。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My
daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure
we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has
arrived. 她到了。
2)表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,如recently, already, just, lately,
for…,
since…,yet等。如:
I haven’t heard from
her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t
seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been
away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has
been with us since Monday.
3).
现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内
重复发生的动作.
We
have had four texts this semester.
6. have
been to 和have gone to的区别
have been to
强调“去过”,现已不在那里,如:
He has been to the USA three
times.
他到美国去过三次。(过去“到美国”,现在已“不在美国”)
have
gone to主要强调的是“去了”,现在人不在说话的现场,如:
--Where's your
mother? --你妈妈在哪?
--She has gone to the
hospital. --她去医院了。
一 结构
1.肯定句:主语+havehas+动词的过去分词+其他
2.否定句:主语+havehas+not+动词的过去分词+其他
3.一般疑问句:havehas+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
Yes,
主语+havehas. No , 主语+havehas+not
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+havehas+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
二
常和现在完成时一起连用的时间状语
注意:.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用,(如表示过去的时
间状语)
如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning
、afternoon)等,除非与for, since
连用.
1.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用
如already(肯定),
yet(否定,疑问), just, before, recently, still,
lately,Just, already,
yet, ever, never,
before, twice(重复性时间), for+短时间, since+点时间,
so
far, how long 提问的疑问句中.......
He has
already obtained a scholarship.
I haven't
seen much of him recently (lately).
We have
seen that film before.
Have they found the
missing child yet ?
2. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,
如ever, never, twice, several times等:
Have you ever been to Beijing
I have never
heard Bunny say anything against her.
I
have used this pen only three times. It is still
good.
George has met that gentleman
several times.
3. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,
如up to these few daysweeksmonthsyears, just,
up to present(now),
so far等:
Peter has
written six papers so far.
Up to the
present everything has been successful.
三 当现在完成时与表示短时间的时间状语连用时,谓语动词必
须使用延续性动词。如果谓语动
词是非延续性动词则转化为对应的延
续性动词。 若不是和短时间连用,则不用转化。
英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分,使用中应注意两者的区别。
1.
持续性动词: 表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。
常见的study, play,
do, read, learn, drive, write, clean , sleep,
speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, sit,
stand, lie,
keep等。
2. 瞬间性动词: 表示一个动作发生在一瞬间,非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。
常见的--begin, start, finish, go, come, leave,
find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear,
stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend,
happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up,
set out, put on, get onoff等
3.
瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,通常用意思相
当的持续性动词来替换
He has been in the armya soldier for three
years. (他参军已有3年了。)不用has joined
She has
been up for quite some time. (她起床已有好久了。)不用has got
up
Has your brother been away from home
for a long time? (离家已有好久了吗?)不用
has left
常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系:
1、go—be away 2、come—be
here 3、come back—be back 4、leave—be
away
(be not here) 5、buy—have
6、borrow—keep 7、die——be dead
8、begin——be on 9、finish—be over
10、open——be open 11、close——be
closed
12、lose——be lost 13、get to know—know 14、turn
on—be on 15、
get up——be up 16、sit
down—sitbeseated 17、join—be in(…)或be a…member
18、become—be
4. 瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用
例如:I haven’t seen you for a long
time.(好久没见到你了。)
四 区别下面三组词
Have been to 表示去过某地方,不过现在已经回来
Have gone to
表示去了,还未回来
Have been in 表示一直在某个地方
五现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结
果的确和现在有联系。
动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在;而一般过去时表示过去的事实,
不表示和现在的关系。
I have just been to
London. I went there last month. 我刚去过伦敦,是上个月去的。
1. 过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完
成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2.
过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,
或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last
week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,
this April, now, once,before, already,
recently,lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for,
since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till
until, up to now, in past years, always,
六 现在完成时的反义疑问句的结构
主语+havehas+动词过去分词+其他,
havehas+not+主语
主语+havehas+not+动词过去分词+其他,
havehas+主语
七 现在完成时考点例析
一、考查其构成
助动词have (has)
+动词过去分词构成现在完成时。如:
1. Kate's never seen Chinese
films,____ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't
she D. is she
析:陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式,又因Kate's是Kate
has
的缩写,故选B。
2. His uncle has already
posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)
His uncle
______ posted the photos to him ______.
析:already常用在肯定句中,yet常用在否定句、疑问句中,故填hasn't, yet。
3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her
parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have
析:助系情态
动词+主语结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一
致,又后句的主语为her
parents是复数,故选D。
二、考查其用法与标志词
(一)当句中有never,
ever, just, already, yet, before等时,常用现在完成时。如:
1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?
-______you______ your homework yet?
A. Do;
finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D.
Have; finished
2. -______ you ______anywhere
before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______
A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed;
surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have;
surfed; have surfed
析:据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时,故1题选D,2题选D。
(二)当句中
有段时间或点时间等时,主句常用现在完成时,谓语动
词必须是延续性动词,若是非延续性动词,要改为
延续性动词或表状态的词(短
语)。如:
1. His brother has been
to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan.
A. after B. before C. since D. for
析:主句用的是现在完成时,而从句用的是一般过去时,故选C。
2.
Tom______the CD player for two weeks.
A. has
lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D.
has had
析:A、B、C均为非延续性动词,在肯定句中不与表段时间的短语连用,故选
D。
3. I______a letter from him since he left.
A. didn't receive B. haven't got C.
didn't have D. haven't heard
析:据since可知,应排除A、C,意为
收到某人的来信,故选B。
三、考查havehas been (to, in)havehas gone
(to)的区别。如:
1. -Have you ever______Lintong to
see the Terra Cotta Warriors? -Yes, I have.
A. went to B. gone to C. been in D.
been to
析:据句中的have,排除A,B项意为去某地了,C项意为一直呆在某地,D项意为去过某地,符合题意,故选D。
2. My parents ______
Shangdong for ten years.
A. have been in
B. have been to C. have gone to D. have
been
析:本题句中有段时间结构,据此可排除C,B项意为去过某地,不合题
意,D项缺
介词,故选A。
四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如:
1. Sun's
aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子)
析:
非延续性动词与段时间连用时,除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外,
还可把动词改为一般过去时或借
助句型段时间+since+从句进行句子转换。故
答案为:Sun's aunt has been
there for ten years. Sun's aunt went there ten
years ago. It's
ten years since Sun's aunt
went there.
2. Susan has been in this city
for more than ten years.(改为同义句)
________more
than ten years ____Susan ______to this city.
析:据上题分析,且since引导的从句要用一般过去时,故填It is, since,
came。
3. I won't go to the concert because I
____my ticket.
A. lost B. don't lose C.
have lost D. is coming
析:因我丢了票的动作发生在过去,而且对现在
造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果,
符合现在完成时所表示的含意,故选C。
11.
动词的时态
11.1 一般现在时的用法
1)
经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语: every…,
sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for
school at 7 every morning.
2)
客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the
sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of
China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a
fall. 骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don’t want
so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but
does not speak well.
比较:Now I put the sugar in
the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。
再如:Now
watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.
第二句中的now是进行时的标志,
表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
11.1 一般现在时的用法
1)
经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语: every…,
sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for
school at 7 every morning.
2)
客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the
sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.
骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don’t want
so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but
does not speak well.
比较:Now I put the sugar in
the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。
再如:Now
watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.
第二句中的now是进行时的标志,
表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现
在时。
11.2 一般过去时的用法
1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other
day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was
a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit,
they were given a warm welcome.
3)句型:
It is time for sb. to do sth
到……时间了 该……了
It is time sb. did sth. 时间已迟了
早该……了
It is time for you to go to bed.
你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁愿某人做某事’
I’d rather you came tomorrow.
4)
wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较:
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含义:她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid
all her life.
(含义:她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby
lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in
Kentucky for seven years.
(
含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)
注意:
用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。
1)动词want, hope, wonder,
think, intend 等。
Did you want anything
else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2)情态动词 could, would.
Could you lend me
your bike?
11.3 used to be used to
used to + do:过去常常表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步)
be used to + doing:
对……已感到习惯,或习惯于,to是介词,后需加名词或动名词。
He is used to
a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to
taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)
典型例题
----
Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It’s 69568442.
A. didn’t B.
couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t
答案A.
本句虽没有明确的时间状语,但从语意上看
出,在听的时候没有听懂这个动
作发生在过去,因此应用过去时。
11.4 一般将来时
1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。
will
在陈述句中用于各人称,在争求意见时常用于第二人称。
Which paragraph
shall I read first.
Will you be at home at
seven this evening?
2) be going to
+不定式,表示将来。
a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。
What are
you going to do tomorrow?
b. 计划,安排要发生的事。
The play is going to be produced next
month。
c. 有迹象要发生的事
Look at the dark
clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3)
be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We are to discuss
the report next Saturday.
4) be about to
+不定式,意为马上做某事。
He is about to leave for
Beijing.
注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next
week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
11.5 be going to
will
用于条件句时, be going to 表将来
will 表意愿
If you are going to make a journey,
you’d better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we
will fit the new clothes on you in front of the
mirror.
11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。
be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。
I am to play football
tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排)
I’m going to
play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)
11.8 用现在进行时表示将来
意为:意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为 come, go, start, arrive,
leave, stay
等。
I’m leaving tomorrow.
Are you staying here till next week?
11.9 现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状
态,其结果的确和现在有联系。动
作或状态发生在过去
但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或 状态。其构
成: have (has)
+过去分词。
11.10 比较过去时与现在完成时
1)
过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过
去发生的,强调过去
的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2)过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时
间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:
yesterday, last
week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语:
this morning, tonight,this
April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for, since, so far, ever,
never, just, yet, till until, up to now, in
past years, always,
不确定的时间状语
3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach,
learn,
work, study, know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish,
become, get married等。
举例:
I saw this
film yesterday.
(强调看的动作发生过了。)
I have
seen this film.
(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)
Why did you get up
so early?
(强调起床的动作已发生过了。)
Who hasn’t
handed in his paper?
(强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League
member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He
joined the League three years ago.
(
三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my
homework now.
---Will somebody go
and get Dr. White?
---He’s already been sent
for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week,
in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成
时,要用过去时。
(错)Tom has
written a letter to his parents last night.
(对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
11.11 用于现在完成时的句型
1)It is the
first second time…. that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been
late.
2)This is the… that…结构,that
从句要用现在完成时.
This is the best film that I’ve
(ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is
the first time (that) I’ve heard him sing.
这是我第一次听他唱歌。
典型例题
(1) ---Do you know
our town at all?
---No, this is the first
time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came
D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time
后面所加从句应为现在完成时,故选B。
(2) ---Have you ____
been to our town before?
---No, it’s the
first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even,
have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D.
ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。 This is the
largest fish I have ever seen. It is was the
first time +that-clause 的句型中,从句要用完成时。
注意:非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态
是可以持续的。
(错)I have received his letter for a month.
(对)I haven’t received his letter for almost a
month.
11.12 比较since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。
I have
lived here for more than twenty years.
I
have lived here since I was born..
My aunt
has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some
new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little
girl.
My brother has been in the Youth
League for two years.
I have not heard from
my uncle for a long time.
注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here
for more than twenty years.
(我现在已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.
(现在我仍在这里工作。)
小窍门: 当现在完成时+一段时间,这一结构
中,我们用下面的公式转化,很容易就
能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。
1)
(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and
is still studying it now.
2) (错) Harry has
got married for six years.
= Harry began
to get married six years ago, and is still getting
married now.
显然,第二句不对,它应改为 Harry got married
six years ago. 或 Harry has been married
for
six years.
11.13 since的四种用法
1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month,
half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段时间+ ago
I have been
here since five months ago.
3) since +从句
Great changes have taken place
since you left.
Considerable time has
elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句
It is two years
since I became a postgraduate student.
11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词
1) 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结 果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。
He
has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)
I’ve known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)
2) 用于till until从句的差异
延续动词用于肯定句,表示做……直到……瞬间动词用于否定句,表示到……,
才……
He didn’t come back until ten o’clock.
他到10 点才回来。
He slept until ten o’clock.
他一直睡到10点。
典型例题
1. You don’t
need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several
times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。
2.---I’m
sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all.
I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been
B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A.
等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时。
11.15 过去完成时
1) 概念:表示过去的过去
----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2) 用法
a.
在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过
去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think,
intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时
表示原本…,未能…
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.
3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when,
after, once, as soon as。
He said that he had
learned some English before.
By the time he
was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by
himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of
the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
典型例题
The students ___ busily when
Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the
office.
A. had written, left B,were writing,
has left C. had written, had left D. were
writing, had
left
答案D. 把书忘在办公室发生在去取书这一过去
的动作之前,因此忘了书这一动作
发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点
,表示在同学们正忙
于……这一背景下,when所引导的动作发生。因此
前一句应用过去进行时。
注意: had no … when
还没等…… 就……
had no sooner… than 刚…… 就……
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold
it.
11.16 用一般过去时代替完成时
1)
两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but 等连词时,多用一般过
去时。
When she saw the mouse,she screamed.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.
2 )
两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3) 叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。
Our
teacher told us that Columbus discovered America
in 1492.
11.17 将来完成时
1)
构成will be going to do sth.
2) 概念
a.
状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。
b.
动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或一获得的
经验。
They will have been married for 20 years by
then.
You will have reached Shanghai by
this time tomorrow.
11.18 现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法:
a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
b.
习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is
writing another novel.
(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go,
begin等。
The leaves are turning red.
It’s getting warmer and warmer.
d. 与always,
constantly, forever
等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往
带有说话人的主观色彩。
You are always changing your mind.
典型例题
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it
everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost,
don’t find B. is missing, don’t find C. has
lost, haven’t found D. is
missing, haven’t
found.
答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响
仍然存在,
应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。
11.19
不用进行时的动词
1) 事实状态的动词
have, belong,
possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain,
matter, weigh, measure, continue
I have two
brothers.
This house belongs to my sister.
2) 心理状态的动词
Know, realize, think
see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize,
remember, want, need,
forget, prefer, mean,
understand, love, hate
I need your help.
He loves her very much.
3 )
瞬间动词
accept, receive, complete, finish, give,
allow, decide, refuse.
I accept your
advice.
4) 系动词
seem, remain,
lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become,
turn
You seem a little tired.
11.20 过去进行时
1) 概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2)
过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动
作发生。
3) 常用的时间状语
this morning, the whole
morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last
evening, when, while
My brother
fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt
himself.
It was raining when they left the
station.
When I got to the top of the
mountain, the sun was shining.
典型例题
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同
时,when表时间的同时性,玛丽
在做衣服时提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___
asleep.
read; was falling B. was reading;
fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为当……之时。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去
进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。
句中的
fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。
11.21
将来进行时
1)
概念:表示将来某时进行的状态或动作,或按预测将来会发生的事情。
She’ll be
coming soon.
I’ll be meeting him sometime
in the future.
注意:将来进行时不用于表示意志,不能说 I’ll be
having a talk with her.
2)常用的时间状语
Soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by
this time,tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening
By this time tomorrow,
I’ll be lying on the beach.
11.22
一般现在时代替将来时
时间状语从句,条件句中,从句用一般现在时代替将来时
When, while, before, after, till, once, as
soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case
(that), unless,
even if, whether, the moment,
the minute, the day, the year, immediately
He is going to visit her aunt the day he
arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨妈。
典型例题
(1)He said he________me a present unless
I_______ in doing the experiment.
A. had not
given; had not succeeded B. would not give;
succeed
C. will not give; succeed D.
would not give; will succeed.
答案B.
在时间,条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有He
said,故为过去式。
主句用将来时,故选B. 此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时。
(2) 表示现在已安排好的未来事项,行程等活动。
The museum
opens at ten tomorrow. 博物馆明天10点开门。(实际上每天如此。)
11.23 一般现在时代替过去时
1 )书上说,报纸上说等。
The newspaper says that it’s going to be cold
tomorrow.
报纸上说明天会很冷的。
2) 叙述往事,使其生动。
Napoleon’s army now advances and the great battle
begins.
11.24 一般现在时代替完成时
1)
有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时:
hear, tell, learn, write ,
understand, forget, know, find , say, remember.
I hear (= have heard) he will go to London.
I forget (=have forgotten) how old he is.
2) 句型 代替
3) It is (= has been) five years
since we last met.
11.25 一般现在时代替进行时
1) 句型:Here comes… ; There goes…
Look,
here comes Mr. Li.
11.26 现在进行时代替将来时
1) 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。
Are
you staying with us this weekend? 这周和我们一起度周末吗?
We are leaving soon. 我们马上就走。
2)
渐变动词,如:get, run, grow, become, begin及die。
He
is dying.
11.27 时态一致
1)
如果从句所叙述的为真理或不变的事实,则永远用现在时。
At that time,
people did not know that the earth moves.
He
told me last week that he is eighteen.
2) 宾语从句中的助动词ought, need, must, dare 时态是不变的。
He thought that I need not tell you the
truth.
11.28 时态与时间状语
时间状语
一般现在时 every …, sometimes, at …, on
Sunday,
一般过去时 yesterday, last week, an
hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now
一般将来时 next…, tomorrow, in+时间,
现在完成时
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,
tilluntil, up to now, in past years, always,
recently
过去完成时 before, by, until,
when, after, once, as soon as
过去进行时 this
morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday,
from nine to ten last
evening… when, while
将来进行时 soon, tomorrow, this evening, on
Sunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days,
tomorrow evening
一模一样的近义词-外星人英语
遥远的英文-幼儿早教英语
碧月-出典
旁蒂克-觥筹交错
陟罚臧否不宜异同翻译-开钻
进货-了解的近义词
奔丧的意思-调虎离山计
add名词-exhausted
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