现在完成时态-考点汇总(初二英语下)

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现在完成时态-- 练习资料

结构：助动词havehas + 过去分词
句型转换：否定句：
一般疑问句:
特殊疑问句：


一、 表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,（强调结果现在还存在）例如
I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。
（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）
I have just had my breakfast. (对现在的影响：不饿)
Has he had his breakfast? Yes, he has.

将一般过去时的句子改写为现在完成时的句子。
1. My father bought many books for me yesterday .
Now , I have a lot to read because ________________________________
2. I saw this film last week.
Now, I know this film because I_____________________.
3. I did my homework yesterday.
Now, I can give it to the teacher because I______________

二、通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just (谓语动词之前) （刚刚）， already（已经(肯定句) ）, before
（之前）, yet（一般疑问(句末）,已经；否定句：还） never（从不）, ever (疑问句) twice（两次）,recently(近
来）等状语连用，可以和瞬间动词和持续性动词连用,
1 Tom has already finished his homework.
Tom hasn’t finished his homework yet.
2 I have just had my lunch.
She hasn’t seen you before.
3 Have you ever eaten fish?
I have never eaten fish

三、体会时间状语：
① I have never heard of that before.
② Have you ever ridden a horse?
③ She has already finished the work.
④ Have you milked the cow yet?
Yes, I have done that already.
⑤ I’ve just finished my homework.
⑥ He has not come yet.


四、请先圈出时间状语，再用词的适当形式填空
1. I ________(have) lunch already.

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2. the train_______ (arrive) yet?
____ never_______ (be ) to China.
4. The twin ______just _____(see) my father.
5. The twins ____(see) my father just now.
6.______ you ever _______(ride) a horse? Never.
7._____ you ________(clean) the room?
Yes, we__________(do) that already.
When _______ you ______(do) it?
We _______(do) it an hour ago.
8._____ he ______(see) this film yet? No.
When _____ he _____(see) it?
He ______ it tomorrow.
9. How many times _____you______(come) here?
Once.

五、翻译句子：
1 你已经问过这个问题两边了，别再烦我了。
2我能借你的字典用一下吗？对不起，已经借给tom了。
3 你以前见过她吗？不，从来没有过。
4 你曾经去过北京吗？是的我去过那儿三次。
5 你已经看完那本小说了吗？是的，我已经把它还给图书馆了。


表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。
A 动词使用延续性动词。
B 和表时间段的时间状语连用。

常与for或since引导的时间连用，so far, up totill now到目前为止, in the lastpast+一段时间，all one’s life
某人的一生中, by now, these days目前，for two years、since 1984、since he came here
I haven’t seen her these days.
She has learnt English for 3 yearssince 3 years ago.
They have lived here since 1990.
What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?

一、注 意：
(1)since＋一段时间＋ago＝for＋时间段;
since two weeks ago=for two weeks;
I have kept the library book for a week.=
I have kept the library book since a week ago.
(2)since + 时间点＝for＋时间段
since 2000=for 13 years
(3) since+从句(常用一般过去时)

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The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris
(4)It is has been +一段时间 + since 从句.
自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is has been two years since my brother joined the army.

二、用for 或since填空。
1. Jill has been in Ireland________Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland__________three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Australia_______15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there_____7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country________1974.
6. The bus is late. We've been waiting________20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.
8. Mike has been ill________a long time. He has been in hospital ________October
9. It’s ten years ______ we met each other last time.
10. He has taught English _______ 25 years.
11. The Greens have lived on the farm ______ 1990.
12. They have been practicing the guitar _______ two hours.
13.－How long have you been a reporter? －_____ 8 years ago.
14. I haven’t gone for a walk in the park ________ a long time.
15. He’s been collecting stamps _______ he was in primary school.
16. Peter has been to summer camp ________ 3 times.

非延续性动词与现在完成时
短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用。为了表述意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替
非 延续性动词。
他入党五年了。He joined the Party five years ago .
——He has been in the Party for five years.
——He has been a Party member for five years.
——It is five years since he joined the Party
电影开始五分钟了。 The film began five minutes ago.
——The film has been on for five minutes.
——It is five minutes since the film began

一、三类型：
第一类：动词 → be + adj. : Die，finish ，openclose，fall illasleep， marry sbget married to
第二类：动词→ be + 介词.: startbegin，leave，Join，
第三类：动词→另一个动词 : Buy，Borrow，getbegin to延续性v，.Become，put on，

二、巧记瞬间性动词的转换
“开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家，穿衣入睡要感冒，开开关关变结束

1 begin be on 6 return be back

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2 leave
3 go
4 borrow
5 come
10 reach
be away from
be off
keep
be here
be here
7 join
8 die
9 buy
10 arrive
11put on
13catch a cold
15close
be in
be dead
have
be here
wear
have a cold
be closed
Fall asleep Be asleep
14open

be open
三短暂性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语
① arrive at in sp get to reach sp come go move to sp
→ be in sp at school at home on the farm be here be there
He got to Beijing five minutes Beijing for .
2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I the USA since .
3) I went home yesterday. I home for .
4)They came here last week. They ___________ here since _____________.

② come to go back to return to→ be back to go out → be out
He came out two years ______________ for ____________.
2) We returned to Beijing ___ ____________ to Beijing since __________.

③ become → be
I became a teacher in 2000. I __________ a teacher for___________.
2) The river became dirty last year. The river ____ ___ dirty for ____ _____.

④ close → be closed open → be open
The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _____ ____ for ________.
2) The door opened at six in the morning. The door _____ ____ ____ for six hours.

⑤ get up → be up; die → be dead; leave sp. → be away from sp.
fall asleep get tot sleep → be asleep finish end → be over marry → be married;
1) I got up two hours ago.I ________ ______ _______since _______________.
2) He left Shanghai just _______ _____________ ______ Shanghai for five minutes.
3) My grandpa died in grandpa _______ _____ ______for _______ ________.
4) The meeting finished at meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.
5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I ________ _____ ___ since _________ _________.
6) They married in 1990. They ________ _________ __________since _________.

⑥ start begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on
1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I ____ ____ at this school since ____.
2) The film began two minutes ago. The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.

⑦ borrow → keep; lose → not have buy → have put on → wear
catch get a cold → have a cold; get to know → know
1) They borrowed it last week. They __________it since _____________.
2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I ____________a pen for _____________.

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3) I got to know him last year. I ___________ him since ___________.
4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I _________ my glasses for ______________.

⑧have has gone to → have been in
He has gone to _____________ Beijing for two days.

⑨ join the league the Party the army
→ be a league member a Party member a soldier
→ be a member of the league the Party
→ be in the league the Party the army
1) He joined the league in 2002.
He ______ a _____ for two years.
He _____ a ____ the ________ for two years.
He _____ the league for two years.
2) My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother _________ a ________ for _______ ___________.
My brother _____ in _______ for two years.

注意：have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法
1、have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：
Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗来上海已经有三天了。
They have been in Canada for five years. 他们到加拿大有五年了。
2、have( has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，例如：
I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。
Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。
Have you ever been to Hangzhou before? 你以前曾经去过杭州吗？
Have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：
They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。
3、have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现
场，例如：
----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。
Jack Johnson has gone to London. 杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了
用have has been to和have has gone to填空
— Hi，Lucy， you ever Beijing？
— No，I .
— What about your sister，Lily？
— Oh，she Chengdu，
she will come back next week.
— Ok，thanks.
— You’re welcome.


现在完成时强调现在的情况，而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，可以和表示过去的时间状语
连用。和现在不发生关系。

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试比较：
The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）
The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）
I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。
（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）
I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）

用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1. Mary _______(lose) her pen. ______ you ______ (see) it here and there?
2. ______ you ______ (find) your watch yet?
3. ---Are you thirsty? ---NO, I ______ just _______ (have) some orange.
4. We ________already ______ (return) the book.
5. ______ they _____ (build) a new school in the village?
6. ---Has Tom taught you English?
---Yes, he ______ (teach) us English for two years.
7. I ______(not finish) my homework yet. Can you help me?
8. What ______ they _____ (do) with the newspaper? They have read them.
9. --- The door is open. Who ______ (open) it? Do you know?
--- Sorry, I don’t know.
10. My father _____ (read) the novel twice.
11. Wu Dong _____(be) a soldier for one year.
12. The students ______(study) in the middle school since last month.
13. How long ______ you ______(know) him?
14. Mike ______ (make) quite a few friends since he came to China.
15. I _____(give) my friend a nice book recently.
16. Li Ping and Wu Dong ______(see) the old man three times.
17. _____ she ever _____(teach) you English?
18. These children _____ (stay) in the park for two hours.


一、完成句子
1.A：你收集贝壳有多长时间了？ B:自从我上中学以来。
A：How long ______ you _______ __________ shells?
B：________ I _________ to middle school.
2.我滑冰已有五个小时了。
I ______ _______ _______ _______ 5 hours.
3.A:这是你首次参加滑冰马拉松吗?B:不,去年我参加过。
A: Was this your ________ _________ _____________?
B: No，I ___________ in a ______________ last year.
4.A:你什么时候得到第一双溜冰鞋？ B: 3年前。
A: When did you ______ your first _____ ______ _______?
B: Three years ago.
5. A:他游泳有多长时间了？ B: 他已游了半小时了。
A: How long _______ he ________ ______________ ?
B: He ______ _______ _______ _______ half an hour.
6. 你上网多久了?

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7. 我上网三小时了。
8. 你什么时候开始集邮的？
9. 我五年前开始集邮的。
10. 他收集贝壳十年了。
6. 你上网多久了?
7. 我上网三小时了。
8. 你什么时候开始集邮的？
9. 我五年前开始集邮的。
10. 他收集贝壳十年了。


动词的过去分词
一、规则变化
在动词后加ed，规则变化有以下四种：
①原形+ed 如：worked, passed
②词尾是e时，直接加d 如：liked lived
③若词尾为“辅音字母加y”，则改y为i加ed。词尾 为“元音字母+y”时，直接加d；
如: played stayed studied cried
④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节是，双写最后一个辅音字母加ed. 如： stopped dropped

二、不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词
巧记规律
AAA: put– put –put let—let –let
ABA: become—became—become
ABB: stand—stood—stood
ABC: eat— ate—eaten
现在完成时练习
[Exercises7]A） 用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?
B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.
A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?
B: He _____________ there for three days.
A: When will he come back , do you know?
B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?
B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.
A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?
B: He _____________ there only once.

B） 用havehas been toin, have gone to的各种形式填空。
Where is Jack? He __________ his country.
John _______ England since he came back.
How long _____ have _____ this village?
The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.
_____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.
I _____ this school since three years ago.

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C）选择填空
( )'s been to the Great wall before ,__________he?
(A)isn't (B)wasn't (C)hasn't (D)doesn't
( )'s never been to England, _______she?
(A)has (B)hasn't (C)isn't (D)is
( )2.___________has Hanmei been in the library.
(A)How long (B)How soon (C)How far (D)How often
( ) long ___he______ the library book .
(A)has, borrow (B)has ,kept (C)has, bought (D)did, buy
( ) Green isn't in the office , He __________to the library
(A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go
( ) smith _______to Tokyo and he will be back in a week
(A)has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has gone
( )_________China for two years
(A)have been to (B)have been in (c)have gone to (D)have come to

[Exercises10]A）按要求把短暂性转换为延续性动词
①arrive atin sw. get toreach sw. comegomove to sw.
→ be in schoolat homeon the farmbe herebe there
He got to Beijing five minutes ago.
He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.
I moved to the USA last year.
I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.
I went home yesterday.
I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.
They came here last week.
They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.
②comego back, return → be back comego out → be out
He came out two years ago.
He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.
We return to Fuzhou yesterday.
We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.
③become → be
I became a teacher in 2000.
I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.
The river became dirty last year.
The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.
④close → be closed open → be open
The shop closed two hours ago.
The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.
The door opened at six in the morning.
The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.
⑤get up → be up die → be dead
leave sw. → be away from sw.
fall asleepget tot sleep → be asleep
finishend → be over marry → be married
I got up two hours ago. I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.

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He left Fuzhou just now. He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.
My grandpa died in 2002. My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.
The meeting finished at six. The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.
I got to sleep two hours ago. I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.
They married in 1990. They ________ _________ __________since _________.
⑥startbegin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on
I began to teach at this school in 1995. I ____ ____ at this school since ____.
The film began two minutes ago. The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.

⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have put on → wear catchget a cold →
have a cold get to know → know
They borrowed it last week.
They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.
I bought a pen two hours ago.
I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.
I got to know him last year.
I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.
I put on my glasses three years ago.
I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.
⑧havehas gone to → have been in
He has gone to Beijing.
He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.
⑨join the leaguethe Partythe army
→ be a leaguea Party membera soldier
→ be a member of the leaguethe Party
→ be in the leaguethe Partythe army
He joined the league in 2002.
He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.
He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years.
He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.
My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________.
My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years.
C）选择填空
( )her ______in1990 and her husband ______for more than five years
(A)died ,dead (B)has died, dead(C)died ,has been dead (D)has died, has died
( )3.I have _____this nice watch for two years
(A)had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend
( ) _____his home for ten years
(A)has left (B)left from (C)has been away from (D)was away from
( ) _____a league member for three years
(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become
( )'s brother has _______for two years
(A)joined the army (B)been an army
(C)become a soldier (D)been in the army
( ) hasn't _____Quanzhou ever since he left school
(A)left (B)been away (C)been (D)away

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[Exercises 11] 选择填空
( )1. ——Have you finished your homework ( )2.——Have you finished your homework
——Yes, I _______it last night ——Not__________ .
(A)finish (B)finished (C)have finished (A)ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just
( )2.—— ________you ever _______to Nanjing ( )3. We haven't finished our homework .
——Yes, I ______there last year. (A)already (B)ever (C)yet (D)never
(A)Have…gone,have gone (B)Have…been , went
( )4.——Have you__________ learned English?
(C)Did…go, went (D)Did…go, has , been ——Yes, I've ________learned a lot.
( )3.——When _____you _____Lucy in New York? (A)never, ever (B)ever, never (C)ever,
——I _________here for two years already (D)already. ever
(A)did…meet, haven't seen (B)did…meet, haven't seen
( )5.——Have you finished your
(C)did…meet, don't see (D)would…meet, hadn't seen
homework ________?
( )_ you to Beijing?
——Yes, I've _____done that
( ) ______finished his homework. yet (A)yet, already (B)already, yet
(A)doesn’t (B)haven’t (C) hasn’t (D) doesn’t have
(C)ever, never (D)still, just
( )1.——Have you ________traveled on the train. ( )'s father _______borrowed some pictures
——Yes, I have. (A)have already (B)has just
(A)never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet (C)have ever (D)has yet
[Exercises4] A）用since和for填空
1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month
4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock
7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children
10) _____ lunch time 11) ______ she left here

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B）用since和for填空
1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.
2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.
3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.
4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.
5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
( )1.I've been like this ever since _________
(A)last week (B) for a week (C) a week before (D)the last week
( ) mother has worked in this factory _____2 years.
(A)about (B)for (C)in (D)since
( )3. I haven't heard from him ______last week.
(A)since (B) for (C)ago (D)before
( ) father joined the party_________
(A)for three years (B)since three years ago (C)three years ago (D)in two years' time

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1. – Where is Mr. Liu? ----- He _______the library.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in
2. The students have cleaned the classroom , ________?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
3. I like Hainan. I ________there three times.

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A. went B. go C. have been D. have gone
came to Nanjing three years ago, so we ________ here for three years.
A. have been to B. have been in C. have been D. have gone
5.- How long ______you_______ your dictionary? - About two months.
A. did; buy B. have; get C. have; had D. have; bought
6. He tells me he________ China for over five years.
A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has gone to
7.________has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to
China?
A. How soon , comes B. How often, got C. How long , came D. How far, arrived
8. His uncle________ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university


现在完成时与中考题

选择填空。
1．I_______ a letter from him since he left．（天津市）
A．didn't receive B．haven't got C．didn't have D．haven't heard
2．—Where have you _______ these days？ —I have to Dazhu with my friends．（重庆市）
A．been；gone B．been；been C．gone；been D．gone；gone
3．How long have you _______ this book？（哈尔滨市） A．bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent
4．—Where's Peter？ —He _______ to Nanjing．（沈阳市） A．is going B．has been C．has gone D．went
5．You've never seen such a wonderful film before，_______ ？（河北省）
A．haven't you B．have you C．do you D．don't you
6．We have lived here _______ five years ago．（河南省） A．when B．since C．before D．after
7．—I have watched the game． —When you _______ it？（长沙市）
A．have；watched B．do；watch C．did；watch D．will；watch
8．—How do you like Beijing，Mr Black？ —Oh，I _______ such a beautiful city．（江西省）
A．don't visit B．didn't visit C．haven't visited D．hadn't visited
9．The old people _______ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week．（广州市）
A．don't feel B．hasn't felt C．haven't felt D．didn't feel
10．My grandfather_______ in the small town all his life．He always says he likes the town．（四川省）
A．lived B．have lived C．has lived D．is living
11．Miss Brown _______ to the Great Wall twice．（贵阳市）
A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has gone
12．His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _______ he came to Yunnan．（昆明市）
A．after B．before C．since D．for
13．His grandpa _______ for two years．（广西） A．was died B．has been dead C．was dead D．has died
14．—Have you ever_______ to Haikou？ —Yes，I_______ there with my family last August．（海南省）
A．gone；went B．been；went C．been；went to D．been；was in
15．His sister _______ her hometown for three years． She'll return next year．（合肥市）
A．left B．has left C．has been away D．has been away from