爸爸英语怎么写的-日文翻译
完成时专项练习
一 完成时态结构
1.肯定句:主语+havehas+动词的过去分词+其他
2.否定句:主语+havehas+not+动词的过去分词+其他
3.一般疑问句:havehas+主语+动词的过去分词+其他 Yes,
主语+havehas. No , 主语+havehas+not
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+havehas+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
二
常和现在完成时一起连用的时间状语
注意:.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用,(如表示过去
的时间状语)如yesterday(morning、
afternoon),last(morni
ng、afternoon)等,除非与for, since连用.
1.
现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用
如 already(肯定),
yet(否定,疑问),
just, before, recently, still,
lately,Just, already, yet, ever, never,
before,
twice(重复性时间), for+短时间, since+点时间, so
far, how long 提问的疑问句中.......
He
has already obtained a scholarship.
I
haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
We have seen that film before.
Have
they found the missing child yet ?
2.
现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,
如 ever, never, twice,
several times等:
Have you ever been to
Beijing
I have never heard Bunny say
anything against her.
I have used this pen
only three times. It is still good.
George
has met that gentleman several times.
3. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,
如 up to
these few daysweeksmonthsyears, just, up to
present(now), so far等:
Peter has written
six papers so far.
Up to the present
everything has been successful.
三
完成时的时间状语
当现在完成时与表示短时间的时间状语连用时,谓语动词必须使用延续性动词。
如果谓语动词是非延续性动词则转化为对应的延续性动词。
若不是和短时间连用,则不用转化。
英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分,使用中应注意两者的区别。
1. 持续性动词: 表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。
常见的study, play, do, read, learn, drive,
write, clean , sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly,
stay, sit, stand, lie, keep等。
2. 瞬间性动词:
表示一个动作发生在一瞬间,非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。常见的
-begin, start,
finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive,
reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close,
become, buy,
borrow, lend, happen, join,
lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put
on, get onoff等
3.
瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,通常用意思相当的持续性动词来替换
He has been in the armya soldier for three
years.
(他参军已有3年了。)不用has joined
She
has been up for quite some time.
(她起床已有好久了。)不用has got up
Has your
brother been away from home for a long time?
(离家已有好久了吗?)不用has left
常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系:
1、go—be away 2、come—be here 3、come back—be
back 4、leave—be away(be not here)
5、buy—have 6、borrow—keep 7、die——be dead
8、begin——be on 9、finish—be over
10、open——be open 11、close——be closed
12、lose——be lost 13、get to know—know
14、turn on—be on 15、get up——be up 16、sit
down—sitbeseated 17、join—be in(…)或be a…member
18、become—be
4.
瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用
例如:I haven’t seen you
for a long time.(好久没见到你了。)
四
区别下面三组词
Have been to 表示去过某地方,不过现在已经回来
Have gone to 表示去了,还未回来
Have been in
表示一直在某个地方
五现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时用来
表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去,但
它的影响现
在还存在;
而一般过去时表示过去的事实,不表示和现在的关系。
I have
just been to London. I went there last month.
我刚去过伦敦,是上个月去的。
1.
过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;
现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2. 过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last
week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight, this
April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever,
never, just, yet, till until, up to now, in past
years, always,
六 现在完成时的反义疑问句的结构
主语+havehas+动词过去分词+其他,
havehas+not+主语
主语+havehas+not+动词过去分词+其他,
havehas+主语
七 现在完成时考点例析
一、 考查其构成
助动词have
(has) +动词过去分词构成现在完成时。
如:
1. Kate's never
seen Chinese films,____ ?
A. hasn't she B.
has she C. isn't she D. is she
析:陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式,又因Kate's是Kate
has的缩写,故选B。
2. His uncle has already
posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)
His uncle
______ posted the photos to him ______.
析:already常用在肯定句中,yet常用在否定句、疑问句中,故填hasn't, yet。
3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So
______her parents.
A. has B. had C. did
D. have
析:助系情态动词+主语结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致,又后句的主语为her
parents
是复数,故选D。
二、考查其用法与标志词
(一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet,
before等时,常用现在完成时。
如:
1. -Mum, may I go
out and play basketball? -______you______ your
homework yet?
A. Do; finish B. Are;
finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished
2. -______ you ______anywhere before?
-Yes, but I can't remember where I______
A.
Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have
surfed
析:据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时,故1题选D,2题选D。
(二)当句中有段时间或点时间等时,主句常用现在完成时,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,若
是非延续
性动词,要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。
如:
1. His
brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he
came to Yunnan
A. after B. before
C. since D. for
析:主句用的是现在完成时,而从句用的是一般过去时,故选C。
2.
Tom______the CD player for two weeks.
A. has
lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D.
has had
析:A、B、C均为非延续性动词,在肯定句中不与表段时间的短语连用,故选D。
3. I______a letter from him since he left.
A. didn't receive B. haven't got C.
didn't have D. haven't heard
析:据since可知,应排除A、C,意为收到某人的来信,B。
(三)、考查havehas been (to, in)havehas gone
(to)的区别。
如:
1. -Have you
ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?
-Yes, I have.
A. went to B. gone to
C. been in D. been to
析:据句中的have,排除A,B项意
为去某地了,C项意为一直呆在某地,D项意为去过某地,故选D。
2. My
parents ______ Shangdong for ten years.
A.
have been in B. have been to C. have gone to
D. have been
析:本题句中有段时间结构,据此可排除C,B项意为去过某地,不合题意,D项缺介词,故选A。
(四)、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。
如:
1.
Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子)
析:非延续性动词与段时间连用时,除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外,还可把动词改为一般过去<
br>时或借助句型段时间+since+从句进行句子转换。故答案为:
Sun's aunt
has been there for ten years. Sun's aunt went
there ten years ago. It's ten years since Sun's
aunt went there.
2. Susan has been in
this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句)
________more than ten years ____Susan ______to
this city.
析:据上题分析,且since引导的从句要用一般过去时,故填It
is, since, came。
3. I won't go to the
concert because I ____my ticket.
A. lost
B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming
析:
因我丢了票的动作发生在过去,而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果,符合现在完成时的含意, C。
现在完成时的练习
一、 单项选择
1、Both his
parents look sad. Maybe they _______what’s
happened to him .
A. knew B. have known
C. must know D. will know
2、He has _______
been to Shanghai, has he?
A. already
B. never C. ever D. still
3、Have you met Mr. Li ______?
A. just
B. ago C.before D.a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the
past two year .
A. is writing B.was
writing C.wrote D.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes. I hope it will be even ____
A. has
changed well B. changed; good
C. has changed better D.
changed; better
6、Zhao Lan ______already
______in this school for two years .
A. was;
studying B. will; study C.
has; studied D. are;
studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a
little girl .
A. know B. had known
C. have known D. knew
8、Harry Potter is
a very nice film. I_______ it twice .
A.
will see B. have seen C. saw
D.see
9、—These farmers have been to the
United States
—Really? When _____ there?
A. will they go B. did
they go C. do they go D.
have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your
homework yet ? —Yes. I _____ it a moment
ago.
A. Did; do; finished
B. Have; done; finished C. Have; done; have
finished D. will; do; finish
11、
His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A.
joined B. has joined C. was in
D. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ?
—Sure .We _________ friends since ten
years ago .
A. were B. have been
C. have become D. have mad
13、—How long have
you ____ here ? —About two months.
A.
been B. gone C. come
D. Arrived
14、Hurry up! The play __________
for ten minutes.
A. has begun B. had
begun C. has been on D. Began
15、 It
_____ ten years since he left the army .
A.
is B. has C. will
D. Was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office.
she _______ to the library.
A. has gone
B. went C.will go D. has
been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten
years.
A. have been in
B. have been to C. have gone to
D. have been
18、The students have cleaned the
classroom, ?
A. so they B.
don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19 has Mr White been a member of Greener
China since he to China?
A. How soon,
comes B. How often, got C. How
long, came D. How far, arrived
20、
His uncle for more than 9 years.
A.
has come here B. has started to
work C. has lived there D. has left
the university
二、 句型转换。
1、He has
never surfed, ?(改成反意疑问句)
2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
have they been here?
3、The old man _________
last year. He for a year. (die)
(动词填空)
4、This factory opened twenty years
ago.(同义句转换)
This factory
________ for twenty years.
5、Miss Gao left an
hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______
________ ________ an hour ago.
6、Her mother
has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________
7、The Green Family moved to France two years
ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the
Green family moved to France.
8、The bus has
arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago.
(把两个句子合并成一个句子)
___________________________________________
三、 汉译英。
1. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。(just)
2. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。(never)
3.
你已经看过这部电影了吗?
4. 我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
5. 他们已去了美国五年了。(for)
现在完成时练习(二)
I. Fill in the
blanks with the proper form.
1. I____ already
____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last
week.
2. _____ he ____
(finish) his work today? Not yet.
3. My
father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is
tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming ?
He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______
(move) here in 1999.
6. So far
I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs
______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my
homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on
foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book
yet?
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll
go with you.
12.
The students ____________ (read) English when the
teacher came in.
13. Look! The monkey
__________ (climb) the tree.
14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next
Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen. _________ you
________ (see) it anywhere?
II. Choose
the best answer.
1. How long have you
_______ here?
A. come B. got
C. arrived D. been
2.
My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of
my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2.
D. my age was 6.
3. Jane has _____ to
BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.
A. been
B. gone C. went D. never been
4.
It is ten years _____ I last saw her.
A.
after B. since C. for D. that
5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?
--I will. I _____ her several times
A. met
B. have met C. had met D. will meet
6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you
_____ it? --Just 2 weeks.
A. will,
buy B. did, buy C. are, having D.
have, had
7.--Do you know Lydia very well?
--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were
very young.
A. have made B. have
become C. have been D. have turned
8.
The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.
A.
has lived B. lived C. have been D.
live
9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking.
Can I speak to Mr. Black? -- Sorry. He ______
the Bainiao Park.
A. has been to B. has
gone to C. went to D. will go to
10.
--____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go
D. were, going
III. Rewrite the
sentences.
1. I have been to Macau before.
(改为否定句) I _________ _________ been to Macau
before.
2. He hasn’t come to school because
he was ill. (就划线部分提问) ______ _______ he come to
school?
3. I bough a new bike just now.
(用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike.
4.
We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ____ ____English ____three years
5. He has
never surfed, _______ _______? (改成反意疑问句)
6.
They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______have they been here?
7. The
old man _________ last year. He has _______
_______for a year. (die) (动词填空)
8. Miss Gao
left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao has
_______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
Ⅳ.
Ask the questions
1) I have been there for
two days.
__________ _________ __________ you
__________ __________?
2) My father has lived
here since 2000.
_________ _________
__________ your father _________ __________?
3) He left here yesterday.
_________
________ he _________ __________?
4) They
bought a book two hours ago.
__________
___________ they __________ a book?
Ⅴ.
Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since”
to fill in the blanks.
1. I have _______ seen
him before, so I have no idea about him.
2.
Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3.
Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten
years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?”
“No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the
bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
六、用have has been to in, have gone
to及go的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________
his country.
2) David ________ the park just
now.
3) John _______ England since he came
back.
4) How long _____ they _____ this
village?
5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for
years.
6) _____ you ever ____ America? --
Yes, I _____ there many times.
7) I _____
this school since three years ago.
8) Where
is Jim? He _____ the farm.
9) When_____ he
_____? He _______ an hour ago.
10) Would you
like to _____ to the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I
_____ there before.
11) Where _____ you _____
now? --- I ____ to the zoo.
12) He
often _____ swimming.
13) _____ you ______
there last year?
14) _____ they often ______
skating in winter?
七 用never, ever,
already, just, yet, for, since填空
1. I
have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea
about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his
homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this
school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you
________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen
it.”