时态讲解及习题

雅思语法章节
一、一般现在时，现在进行时
二、一般过去时，过去进行时，used to、would
三、一般完成时，完成进行时
四、过去完成时，过去完成进行时
五、将来时 will, going to do
六、将来时 （主将从现， be about to ）、将来进行时，将来完成时，过去将来
时
七、可数名词、不可数名词, many much, a lot of, some, any, a few, few, no
八、冠词，代词（this, that, these, those, both, every, either, neither, none）
九、指示代词
十、形容词、副词
十一、比较级
十二、名词短语
十三、情态动词
十四、情态动词
十五、间接引语
十六、非谓语动词
十七、条件状语从句（if, providing, as long as, in case）
十八、虚拟语气
十九、介词
二十、定语从句
二十一、组织句子
二十二、被动 （have sth done, need to be done）
二十三、连词
二十四、副词（表明立场 evidently, on the whole）
二十五、写作文体正式


1. 主谓一致
2. 时态
3. 被动语态
4. 情态动词
5. 名词性从句
6. 定语从句
7. 状语从句
8. 虚拟语气
9. 倒装句

一、时态
一、一般现在时： She plays tennis. She does not play tennis. Do you play tennis

1. 表示习惯（always, generally, normally, usually, often, sometimes, never, every
day）
. I use the internet almost every day.
2. 事实
. The sun rises in the east.
If you heat water to 100c, it boils.
3. 祈使句
Stand up! Go down the street and turn left.

二、现在进行时 he is living in Thailand. I’m not living in Thailand. Are they living in
Thailand

表示正在进行的动作（at the moment, now, currently, this week.）
I am studying hard for my exams.

下列动词不用于现在进行时：
Agree, believe, think, forget, hope, know…..
Hate, like, want….
Smell, hear, see, smell… the pudding tastes delicious.
Have, own, belong….

三、一般过去时 she worked for the police. She did not work for the police.
Did you work for the police

（不规则动词表）rise, beat, build, break, pay
有时间A few weeks ago a woman called to report a robbery at her house.
可推测How did the burglar break in without knowing anybody hearing him

? What did you do in your last holidays （口语）
I went to Hainan last holiday and stayed there for about ten days. Although the
weather was still cold here, it’s very warm in Hainan. I walked on the beach and
appreciated the beautiful scenery

过去式的特殊句型
It is highabout time (that)……是该做什么的时候了，谓语动词用过去时。
It is high time we made a change.
It is time you went to bed.
主句用完成时态，从句用since引导，从句要用过去时。
I have lived near the West Lake since I changed my job.

四、过去进行时 she is watching the was watching the news.

When, while, as.
He was listening to music when the burglar came into the house.
The students were writing busily when Miss Wang came in.

五、现在完成时 she has started the plan. I have not started the plan.
Have you started the plan
1. 表示一直持续到现在的动作，或者是已经完成的动作对现在的影响。
表持续：与for和since连用
I have worked here since I graduated.
He has been here for more than a month.
I have lived in Hangzhou for about 4 years.
除此之外already, yet, lately, so far, up till (to) now,
You perhaps have made some friends by now.

2. 已经结束的动作对现在的影响（口语）
I have collected plenty of information.

Have you ever traveled by plane
Yes, I do. I would always take the plane when I travel to faraway places.
For example, last summer I went to Hainan by plane and I really enjoyed the flight
because the service was good and it’s really fast, only about four hours.

他已经回来了。
He has come back.
他已经回来三周了。
He has been back for three weeks.
那位作家已经去世了。
The writer has died.
这个作家已经去世两年了。
The writer has been dead for two years

leave→be away, borrow→keep, buy→have,
get up→be up, die→be dead, move to→live in,

特殊句式中完成时的用法
在 This It is the first second…time that……常用完成时。
This It was the first second…time that……中用过去完成时。
? This is my second time that I have seen the movie.
? This was my third time that I had visited the place.

? 这是我第一次尝试考雅思，我相当有信心。

? This is my first time that I have tried to pass the IELTS, and I am fairly
confident about it.

六、现在完成进行时 have been doing 表持续
如for two years, these weeks, since early morning。
LiNa has been playing tennis for years。

? Your Work （口语）
What job (or, what work) do you do

I’m a teacher at an English training center. I’ve been working there for several years.

? 人类一直致力于控制自然。
? Man has been trying to control nature.

I have been preparing for this exam.

七、过去完成时 had done when I arrived, he had left.
The child realized that he had lost his way.
I knew that I had made a mistake at that time.
She told me that she had seen the movie before.

? 那是我第一次去杭州，所以那里的美景给我留下了深刻的印象。
? That was the first time that I had visited HZ, so its beuatiful scenery left me a
deep impression.

This (It) was the first (second……) time that + 过去完成时
那是我第一次参加这么大型的活动，所以我做了充分准备。
That was my first time that I had been in such a large event, so I was fully prepared.

八、一般将来时
1. Willbe going to do
例句We are going to visit Paris this summer.
She will be back in a moment.
? gonna= going to
Nothing's gonna change my love for you

2. be about to do
表示正要，即刻就要发生,tomorrow 之类的副词不可以用在此句型里。

S: I see you are drinking wine.
L: Yes, we are. We are about to go to bed.

3. be+ doing表示意图、安排或者打算。

come, go, leave, arrive, start, die等
We are leaving for New York after the performance.

? 注意：在时间，条件状语从句中，一般现在时态表示将来—即主将从现。
? When two rivals meet, the strong-minded one will win.
? 狭路相逢勇者胜。
? As long as we are patient, misery will turn into joys.
? 只要我们忍耐，痛苦将变为欢乐。

九、过去将来时 would，was going to do, was about to do

I was about to leave it began to rain last night.
I never imagined he would be such an idiot.

十、将来进行时 will be doing
I will be watching the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.

十一、将来完成时
When I get there they will probably have left.
Will have done
By the end of the year, I will have given the same talk at 6 conferences.

综合练习
1. Don’t take his remarks too seriously. He will stop saying in that way if no
notice_ of him.
A. is taken B. takes
C. will be taken D. has taken

2. They will have to decide what to do about the energy crisis before the oil _.
A. is run out B. will be run out
C. runs out D. will run out
3. I’m rather tired, I _ since this morning.
A. was doing homework
B. have done homework
C. did homework
D. have been doing homework
4. Floods and bad farming over the years ruined a land that _ and made it miserably
poor.
A. was once rich B. had once been rich
C. have once been rich D. was once being rich
6. You will hardly believe it, but this is the third time tonight someone _ me.
A. telephoned B. has telephoned
C. had telephoned D. should telephone
7. The car _ at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about
ten o’clock tonight.
A. would go B. went
C. will be going D. goes
8. The company _ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.
A. is promised B. is promising
C. has been promising D. promised
9. It was not until then that I came to know that knowledge _ only from practice.
A. had come B. has come
C. came
10. By the time you get to New York, I _ for London.
A. would be leaving B. am leaving
C. have already left D. shall have left
11. No decision has been made about the matter yet. We _ it.
A. still consider B. have considered
C. are still considered D. are still considering

12. It has been 7 years since they _
A. got married B. got marry
C. get married D. have married
. 13. He left home in 1970 and _ heard of since.
A. hadn’t been B. wasn’t

C. not has been D. has not been
14. He always _ a stomachache, when he ate oyster.
A. had B. has C. is having D. would have
16. He _ TV, when I dropped in last night.
A. was watching B. had watched
C. watched D. have been watching
17. By the time you arrive in London, we _ in Europe for two weeks.
A. shall stay B. have stayed
C. will have stayed D. have been staying

专项练习

一般现在时
1、I ________ (write) to my parents once a month.
2、My sister _________ (read) English alould every morning.
3、He __________ (not look) like his father.
4、My parents ________ (not like ) talking too much.
5、______ he ______ (have)bread for breakfast every day
6、Tom _________(have) medicine twice a year.
7、Who ________ (study) hardest in your class
8、I will go out for a picnic if it __________ (not rain) tomorrow.
9、I will give her the letter as soon as I ___________ (see) her.
10、The teacher told us the earth ________ (turn) around the sun.

【考例】The woman and her husband __________in the same office. [广东省]
A. work B. works C. is working D. has
worked
一般过去时

often _______ (go) for a swim when he was young.
he __________ (begin) to work at the factory.,he ________(be) only twelve years old.
's ten years since I _________(come) here.
Greens ____________(not fly )to America last year.
you__________(lose)your handbag a moment ago

一What did you do after school yesterday
一I ________basketball with my friends．[北京市]
A play B played C will play D．am
playing

一Mr. Green，____you ____Three Lanes and Seven Alleys(三坊七巷)last Sunday
一No．but I'll visit them next week. [福州市]
A． will；go to B have；been to C did；go to
D．have；gone to

His family the zoo last week. [吉林省]
A. visit B. am visiting C. visited D. will visit

一般将来时

___________ (help )the farmers with the apple-picking tomorrow.
't worry! The teacher ____________(tell) us what to do with it .
3. I don't know if he ____________(go) there.

_______________(go) by bus if it rains.
5.——How soon ____________ the train ___________(arrive)
——In ten minutes.
6. ___________ you ____________(visit) your uncle next month

】I the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow．[北京市]
A. will return B returned C have returned D
return

】Jack has never been to Disneyland before，but he ____there this summer．[沈阳
市]
A． has been． B is going C went D．goes

现在进行时
1. Listen! They ___ _____ in the next room.
A. sing B. is singing C. are singing D. were singing
2. Lucy is always busy. She _____ only five hours every day.
A. is sleeping B. will sleep C. would sleep D. sleeps
3. It’s eight o’clock. The students ______ an English class.
A. have B. having C. is having D. are having
4. ---Is your father a doctor
---Yes, he is. He _______ in Town Hospital.
A. has worked B. is working C. works D. worked
5. Physics ______ much harder than English, I think.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
6. ---Mary, could you help me
---Wait a moment. I _____.
A. read a book B. did my homework
C. was watching TV D. am cooking dinner.
7. The final exam _____ next Thursday.
A. will take place B. take place
C. is taking place D. takes place
8. ---Can your father drive
---Yes, and he usually ______ to school.
A. drove B. is driving C. drives D. has driven

9. ---Excuse me, where is Jim
---Oh, he ______ dumplings in the kitchen.
A. makes B. will make C. is making D. made
10. ---Hurry up! It’s time to leave.
---Ok, ______.
A. I come B. I’ve come C. I’ll come D. I’m coming
用所给词的适当形式填空
11 Look! The children __________(play) football on the playground. They play

(play) football every Sunday afternoon.
12. Please be quiet! We are ______ ( listen ) to the song You and Me.
13. ---Mrs. Green likes children very much, doesn’t she
---Yes, that’s true. She _______( write ) a children’s book these days.
14 . How many lessons does Peter _____ (have) on Monday
20. It’s fine today. The sun ____ ( shine).
将下列句子转换为现在进行时
21. He talks to a friend.
22. They don’t play computer games.
23. Do they swim
24. Does she write a letter
25. What do they look at


现在完成时

're late ,The film _______ already ________ (begin)
2. They moved to Canada in 1977 and ____________ (live) there ever since.
3. __________ you _______(see) Mr Smith I'm looking for him all the morning.
4. In the past ten years, great changes ___________(take ) place in Guang dong.
5. How long ______ you _________ (be) in China
6. Please give the book back to me if you ______________ (finish) reading it.
7. Miss Zhou isn't here. She ______________ (go) to the library.
8. Mary________________ (be)to England twice.
二.完成句子。
1.我来到河口中学17年了。
I __________________ HeKou Middle School______________________.
2. 他已经去了北京。He ________________________Bei jing .
3. 你曾经去过上海吗 ___________________________Shanghai

——It's raining! When did it start
一I don't know exactly．In fact，it _________all this afternoon. [北京市]
A1asts B has 1asted C．1asted
1ast

--Are you going to see the film with us
--No, thanks. I _________ it. [广东省]
A. saw B. have seen C. see
seeing

--Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr. Black
--Sorry. He _________ the Xuanwu Lake Park. [南京市]
A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to
D. will go to
D．will
D. was

Jane _________. I'm waiting for her. [成都市]
A. came back B. has come back C. hasn't come back

过去进行时
——Dick gave me a note while I ___________in the library．
一I guess he made it to say“sorry”to you．[黄冈市]
A． are reading B was reading C reads D．will
read

--I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer.
--Oh, sorry. I ________ with my cousin in the supermarket. [安徽省]
A. shop B. was shopping C. shopped D. will shop

1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.
2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.
4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.
5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all,
work) in the fields.

1. I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me.
a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rang c. was cooking, were
ringing d. cooked, rang
2. He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.
a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try
3. While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.
a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched,
heard d. was watching, heard
4. They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.
a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching
5. What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon
a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were,
reading, was seeing
6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England.
a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got
7. Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.
a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was,
thinking, was
8. A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.
a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was
passing
9. We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.
a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited,

wait
10. He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping

7.被动语态考查

一.初中阶段，根据时态的不同，被动语态的基本结构有以下几种形式。
1.一般现在时：amisare+过去分词
2.一般过去时：waswere+过去分词
3.一般将来时：1)willshall be+过去分词，2)is am are going to be +过去分词
4.现在完成时：havehas been +过去分词
5.现在进行时：am is are +being+过去分词
6.过去进行时：was were being +过去分词
7.过去将来时：1)would be +过去分词，2)was were going to be +过去分词
8.过去完成时：had been +过去分词
9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+be+过去分词
（情态动词：can， could， may， might， will， would ，shall， should， must，
二．练习
一）把下列句子变为被动语态。
listened to the policeman carefully.
ate up the pears.
take care of the Children every day.
gave back this book to the library yesterday.
gave me a card.
often buys me milk.
asked me to help him.
let me know the news .
(注： make ……do … 变为 be made to do ……
see……do … 变为 be seen to do ……
hear……do … 变为 be heard to do …
let……do … 变为 be let to do …
watch……do … 变为 be watched to do …
feel……do … 变为 be felt to do …
notice……do … 变为 be noticed to do …)
wrote this book
broke the window
didn't see us go into the shop.
12. Do you hear her sing Russian songs
doesn't let her son swim in the river.
14. He showed me the way to the post office.
二.完成句子
1.这些花必须每天都浇水吗
________ these flowers __________ every day
2. 老年人应得到很好的照顾.
need，）

Old people should ________________________________________.
3.书看完后要放好.
After you finish reading the books,______________________________.
4.必须采取措施阻止人口迅速增长.
Something _________ __________ ____________ to stop the population from increasing.
四.选择正确答案
( ) workers _________ day and night by the boss.
A. are making to work B. are made to work C. made to work D. are made work
( )2. Two cakes were made ________ him by her last night.
A. with B. in C. for D. at
( )3. I wasn't at home yesterday . I ____________ to help with the harvest on the farm.
A. asked asked C. was asking D. had asked.
( )4. The Children are often asked __________ loudly. in the library. They must keep quiet.
A. to speak B. not to speak C. don't speak D .not speak
( )5. Something must be done _________ these animals.
A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved.

—Susan, why are you still here They are all ready to start.
–I’m sorry, but I _____ when to meet. (江西)
A. don’t tell B. didn’t tell C. haven’t told D. wasn’t told
[答案]：D
[命题立意]：本题考查时态的用法。
[试题解析]：依据句意：对不起，但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过
去，I 和tell之间是被动关系。
Many old houses around our school ____ next year and a large green area will
appear. (上海)
A. pull down B. will be pulled down C. will pull down D. are
pulled down
[答案]：B
[命题立意]：本题考查时态和语态的用法。
[试题解析]：由题干时间next year 科知识将来时态，句子主语是old houses ,应
用被动语态。故选B。
--- My watch ______.
--- Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Lost & Found. (浙江)
A. is lost B. is broken C. has found D. has
stopped
[答案]：A
[命题立意]：本题考查交际用语中时态、语态的用法。
[试题解析]：由Let’s go to the Lost & Found.可知，说明表丢失了。故选A。
---Did you go to Sam’s weekend party
---No, I___________. (年湖北宜昌)
A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’t
invite
[答案]：B

[命题立意]：本题考查时态和语态的用法。
[试题解析]：由Did you go to Sam’s weekend party可知陈述过去的动作的发生，I
和invite之间存在着被动关系。故选B。
-- How often ______ your school sports meeting ______ (南通)
-- Once a year.
A. does; hold B. was; hold C. is; held D. did;
hold
[答案]：C
[命题立意]：本题考查时态和语态的用法。
[试题解析]：How often+一般疑问 句此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个
动作的次数，表示“多长时间一次”。往往针对频度副词如 ：always, seldom, usually,
once a month,
sometimes, every five minutes.等提问，常用于现在时或过去时。由题干your school
sports meeting 作主语，谓语应用被动语态。故选C。
On May 30
th
, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝) _______ at the price of million
Hong Kong dollars. (泰州)
A. sell B. sold C. is sold D. was
sold
[答案]：D
[命题立意]：本题考查时态和语态的用法。
[试题解析]：由On May 30
th
, ,可知动作发生在过去；其主语是one bowl与sell存
在被动关系。
The by many people as the best performance at
CCTV's Spring Festival Evening. (徐州)
A. has been regarded B. are regarded C. has regarded D. regards
[答案]：A
[命题立意]：本题考查时态的用法。
[试题解析]：依据题意： “千手观音” 被许多人 认为是中央电视台春节联欢晚
会最好的节目。表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在的影响或产生的 结
果，应用现在完成时。其主语是The ，要用被动语态。
故选A。
—Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful.
—Yes, they ______ in Hangzhou. (杭州)
A. painted B. were painting C. were painted D. had painted
[答案]:C
[命题立意]：本题考查被动语态的用法。
[试题解析]：they指代Those eggs of different colors，主语是物，故用被动语态。依据结构，
应选C.。
------Don’t litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:: “Rubbish into the dustbin.”
-------Sorry. (2004年襄樊市)
A, has throw B, was throw C, must throw D ,
must be thrown
[答案]: D
[命题立意]：本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态的用法。
[试题解析]：依据句意：垃圾必 须扔进垃圾箱里。表示“命令”，句子主语是垃

圾，应用被动语态。