风的读音-uin
一、时态讲解:现在完成时
(1)构成:现在完成时由助动词have +
过去分词构成,助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数
用has,其余用have.
现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study
为例,
其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下:
否定式
I have not
(haven’t) studied….
You have not (haven’t)
studied….
He has not (hasn’t) studied….
否定疑问式
Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…?
Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…?
Has
he not (Hasn’t he) studied…?
简单回答(肯定否定)
Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Yes, I
have. No, I haven’t.
Yes, he has. No, he
hasn’t.
疑问式
Have I studied…?
Have you
studied…?
Has he studied…?
(2)用法:
1)现在
完成时通常表示在
说话之前已经完成的动作
或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out.
我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态,
往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,如recently,
already,
just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如: I haven’t heard
from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她
的信。We haven’t
seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been
away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with
us since Monday.
★注意:
a) since和for的区别
since后接时间点,如1993,last term, yesterday, the
time I got there
for后接一段时间,表示“长达多久”,如ten
years, a while, two days等。
Exercise:
用since和for填空
1. Jim has been in Ireland ______
Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three
days.
3. His aunt has lived in Australia
______15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has
been there ______ 7 o'clock.
5. India has been
an independent country ______1974.
6. The bus
is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have
been empty ______ many years.
8. Mike has been
ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital
______ October.
2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave,
borrow, buy, begin, start, die等,在完成时当中不能和表示一段时
间的状语连用,因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此,不能说:
He has come
here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4
months. ×They have left only for 5 minutes. ×
以上三句话可以改为:
He has been here for 2 old man
has ______ _______ for 4 months.
have _____
_____ only for 5 minutes
2)have (has) been
和have (has) gone的区别:表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”;
表示“已经去某
地”要用 “have (has) gone”。试比较:
Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了?(已经回来了)
Where
has he gone? 他上哪儿去了?(人不在)
They have been to
Canada. 他们到过加拿大。(现在已经不在加拿大)
They have gone to
Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已经到加拿大).
3)现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last year,
in 1976, two days ago, just now, when
I came
in,但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often,
before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever,
never等连
用。例如:
She has already come. 她已经来了。
I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。
I have
met him before. 我从前曾见过他。
Ma Hong has always
been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。
I have often
seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。
They have
never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。
I haven't
seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。
Exercise:
I.
Fill in the blanks with the proper form.
1.
I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________
(see) it last week.
2. _____ he ____ (finish)
his work today? Not yet.
3. My father ____
just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the
teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here
since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far
I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs
______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.
8.
I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every
day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science
book yet?
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow,
I'll go with you.
12. The students
____________ (read) English when the teacher came
in.
13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb)
the tree.
14. My mother __________ (come) to
see me next Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen.
_________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?
II.
Choose the best answer.
1. How long have you
_______ here?A. come B. got C.
arrived
2. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years
C. when I was 2.
3. Jane has _____ to
BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.
A. been
B. gone C. went D. never been
4.
It is ten years _____ I last saw her.A. after
B. since C. for
5.--Who will go to
the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her
several times.
A. met B. have met
C. had met D. will meet
6. --What a nice
dress! How long _____ you _____ it?
--Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buy
C. are, having D. have, had
D. been
D.
my age was 6.
D. that
7.--Do you know Lydia very well?
--Yes,
She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
A. have made B. have become C. have
been D. have turned
8. The Smiths _______
in China for 8 years.A. has lived B. lived
C. have been D. live
9. --Hello, this is
Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?--
Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.
A. has been
to B. has gone to C. went to D. will
go to
10. --____ you ever ____ to the US? --
Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone B. Have, been
C, Do, go D. were, going
III. Rewrite
the sentences.
1. I have been to Macau
before. (改为否定句) I _________ _________ been to
Macau before.
2. He hasn’t come to school
because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)
______ _______
he come to school?
3. I bough a new bike just
now. (用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike.
4. We began to learn English three years
ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years
5. He has never surfed, _______ _______?
(改成反意疑问句)
6. They have been here since 2000.
(对划线部分提问) _______ _______have they been here?
7. The old man _________ last year. He has
_______ _______for a year. (die) (动词填空)
8.
Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao has
_______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
Ask the
questions
1) I have been there for two
days.__________ _________ __________ you
__________ __________?
2) My father has lived
here since 2000._________ _________ __________
your father _________ __________?
3) He left
here yesterday._________ ________ he _________
__________?
4) They bought a book two hours
ago._________ ___________ they __________ a book?
Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for,
since” to fill in the blanks.
1. I have
_______ seen him before, so I have no idea about
him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his
homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school
________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen
the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5.
“Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________
left.”
现在完成时练习题及答案
一、翻译下列句子:
1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗? 2.
我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。 4. 他已经吃过午饭
5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗? 6. 我哥哥还没回来。
7.这本字典我已买了三年了。 8.他离开中国三年了。
9.我认识他们五年了。 10.他们已去了美国五年了。
11.自从他搬到济宁,他就住这儿了。 12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。
13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。
二、用since和for填空
1.______two
years 2.____two years ago3.___last
month 4.______ 1999
5._______yesterday
6._______ 4 o’clock7 4 hours 8._____an hour
ago
9. ___we were children 10._____
lunch time 11.____ she left here
12. He
has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last.
13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.
14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______
three years.
15. She has been away from the
city ______ about ten years.
16. It’s about
ten years __________ she left the city.
三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。
① arrive
at in sp get to reach sp come go move to sp
→ be in sp at school at home on the farm
be here be there
1) He got to Beijing five
minutes Beijing for .
2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I
the USA since .
3) I went home
yesterday. I home for
.
4) They came here last week. They
___________ here since _____________.
② come
to go back to return to→ be back to go
out → be out
1) He came out two years
______________ for ____________.
2) We return
to Beijing ___ ____________ to Beijing since
__________.
③ become → be
1) I became a
teacher in 2000. I ________________ a teacher for
_________________.
2) The river became dirty
last year. The river _______ _______ dirty for
_______ ________.
④ close → be closed
open → be open
1) The shop closed two hours
ago. The shop _______________ ______ for
_________________.
2) The door opened at six
in the door ________ ________ ________ for six
hours.
⑤ get up → be up; die → be dead; leave
sp. → be away from sp.
fall asleep get tot
sleep → be asleep; finish end → be over;marry →
be married;
1) I got up two hours ago.I
________ ______ _______since _______________.
2) He left Shanghai just _______
_____________ ______ Shanghai for five minutes.
3) My grandpa died in grandpa _______ _____
______for _______ ________.
4) The meeting
finished at meeting ________ ______ ______ for
six hours.
5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I
________ _____ ___ since _________ _________.
6) They married in 1990. They ________
_________ __________since _________.
⑥ start
begin to do sth. → do sth. ;begin → be on
1) I
began to teach at this school in 1995. I ____
____ at this school since ____.
2) The film
began two minutes ago. The film ____ ____
____ for ____ ____.
⑦ borrow → keep; lose →
not have ;buy → have ;put on → wear
catch get
a cold → have a cold; get to know → know
1)
They borrowed it last week. They __________it
since _____________.
2) I bought a pen two
hours ago. I ____________a pen for
_____________.
3) I got to know him last year.
I ___________ him since ___________.
4) I put
on my glasses three years ago. I _________ my
glasses for ______________.
⑧have
has gone to → have been in
He has gone to
_____________ Beijing for two days.
⑨ join the
league the Party the army
→ be a league
member a Party member a soldier
→ be a member
of the league the Party
→ be in the league
the Party the army
1) He joined the league in
2002.
He _________________ a _________________
for two years.
He ___________ a _________ the
________ for two years.
He
_______________________ the league for two years.
2) My brother joined the army two years ago.
My brother _________a ________ for ___________
___________.
My brother ___________ in
___________ for two years.
四、划线提问
1) I
have been there for two days.
__________
_________ __________ you __________ __________ ?
2) My father has lived here since 2000.
_________ _________ __________ your father
_________ __________?
3) He left here
yesterday.
_________ ________ he _________
__________?
4) They bought a book two hours
ago.
__________ ___________ they __________ a
book
五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?
B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.
A:
How long ___________ he ___________ there?
B:
He _____________ there for three days.
A: When
will he come back , do you know?
B: I’m afraid
he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell
me the way to Hainan Island?
B: Sorry, I
_________ never ___________ there.
A: How many
times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?
B: He _____________ there only once.
六、用have has been to in, have gone
to及go的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________
his country.
2) David ________ the park just
now.
3) John _______ England since he came
back.
4) How long _____ they _____ this
village?
5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for
years.
6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes,
I _____ there many times.
7) I _____ this
school since three years ago.
8) Where is Jim?
He _____ the farm.
9) When_____ he
_____? He _______ an hour ago.
10) Would you
like to _____ to the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I
_____ there before.
11) Where _____ you _____
now? --- I ____ to the zoo.
12) He often
_____ swimming.
13) _____ you ______ there
last year?
14) _____ they often ______ skating
in winter?
七 用never, ever, already, just, yet,
for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him
before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack
has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr.
Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I
have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left
_______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
八.
用适当的时态填空:
’s _____________ (live) here ever
since she was ten.
of them ________________
(be) in Hongkong for ten days.
of them
____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the
train __________ (leave).
5.
Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you
_______(see) it here and there?
6. _________
you _____ (find) your watch yet?
7. ---Are you
thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have)
some orange.
8. We ---- already _________
(return) the book.
9. ________ they _______
(build) a new school in the village?
10. I
_____________(not finish) my homework . Can you
help me?
11. My father _____ (read) the novel
twice.12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.
13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14.
My father ___________ (read) this book since
yesterday.
现在完成时态练习题答案
一.翻译下列句子:
you
ever had eaten fish and chips?
2. I have just
lost my chemistry book.
3. I have never been
to the farm before.
4. He has already had
lunch = He has had lunch already.
5. Have
you seen the movie yet?
6. My brother hasn’t
come get been back yet = My brother hasn’t
returned yet.
7. I have had this dictionary
for three years since three years ago.
8. Has
been away from China for three years.
9. I
have known them for five years.
10. They have
been in the USA for five years.
11. He has
been here since he moved to Jining.
12. My
sister has been a college student for three years
= My sister has been in college for three years.
13. They have known each other since 1999.
14. I have been in this school for over
three years.
二、用since或者for填空
1. for 2. since 3. since 4. since
5. since6. since 7. for 8 since
10. since11. since 13. since
16. since
三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语
① 1. has been in , five minutes2. have been
in , 20083. have been at, two days4. have been ,
last week
② 1. have been out, two years 2.
have been back , yesterday
③ 1. have been ,
nine years 2. has been , two years
④ 1. has
been closed , two hours 2. has been open
⑤ 1.
have been up , two hours ago2. has been away
from3. has been dead , seven years
4.
has been over5. have been asleep , two hours ago6.
have been married , 1990
⑥ 1. have taught ,
1995 2. has been on , two minutes
⑦ 1. have
kept , last week 2. have had , two hours3. have
known , last years4. have worn , three years
⑧
has been in⑨ has been , League member has been
, member of , League has been in
2. has been
, soldier , two years has been , the army
四、划线提问
1. How long have, been there 2. How
long has , lived here3. When did , leave here
4. When did , buy
五、用have(has) been 或have(has)
gone 填空。
A: Where has Li Fei gone?
B: He has gone to Hainan Island.
A: How long
has he been there? B: He has been there for
three days.
A: When will he come back, do you
know?B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan
Island?B: Sorry, I have never been there.
A:
How many times has Li Fei been to that place?B:
He has been there only once.
六、用have has
been to in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1. has
gone t 2. went to3. has been in 4.
have , been in 5. have been in
6. Have ,
been to have been7. have been in at 8. has
gone to9. did go went 10. go have been
11. are , going am going 12. goes
13. Did , go 14. Do , go
七、综合练习:
1. never 2. just , already 3.
for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just already
八. 用适当的时态填空:
1. lived has been living
2. have been 3. went 4. has passed left
5. has lost have , seen 6. Have ,
found 7. have , had 8. have , returned9. Have ,
built 10.
haven’t finished11. has read
12. bought 13. lost14. have been reading has
read
参考答案:
1. since 2. for
3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for
8. since
1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished
3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved
6. have made
7. have, stayed 8. have,
finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is
12. were reading 13. is
climbing 14. is
coming 15. Have, seen
Keys: 1. How long
have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3.
When did, leave here 4. When did,
buy
Keys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for
4. ever, never 5. yet , just already
顺美-一副眼镜英语
执事是什么意思-9用英语怎么写
滚动预算-revolutionize
赏心悦目-谢谢大家
shrinking-有机可乘
羽茅-frighten
leadership-潮汛
闻名的反义词-truly
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