中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座(五)----现在完成时精讲和练习(含答案)

中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（四）----现在完成时精讲及练习

考点一：现在完成时的基本用法
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响， 还表示动作从过去某时开始， 一直
延续到现在， 并有可能延续下去。现在完成时是中考英语中重要的 时态考查对象，且
现在完成时对我们中国学生而言比较难以掌握。因此，本讲座主要以表格的形式简化对
现在完成时的理解。
表（一）：现在完成时的基本句式
基
本
句
式
肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句

主语+have(has)+v--ed 主语+have(has)+not+v--ed Have(Has)主语+v--ed...?
特别提醒
①I have worked in the
school for about ten years.
我在这所学校工作了约
示
例
10年了。
①
The train hasn’t arrived yet.
火车还没有到达。
①
Have you read the
当句子主
novel ? 你读过这部小说
吗？
语为第三
人称单数
的时候，现
在完成时
的助动词
使用has。
①
We haven’t seen the movie
before.我们以前没有看过这
部电影。

①
She has already finished
the work .她已经完成了工
作。


①
Has she had dinner yet?
她已经吃过晚饭了吗？

注意：现在完成时要求句中的动词使用过去分词形式。动词 过去分词分为规则与不规则两种
形式，规则动词的过去分词变化规则与动词过去式相同，而不规则动词的 过去分词则须逐一
记忆，详细见课本或考纲后附的不规则动词表。这里就不再列出。
表（二）：现在完成时的用法与对应的时间状语。
用法
(1)表示过去发
对应时间状语 示例 特别提醒
already(已经),
①The high---speed train has just left
要求句中的谓语动词为非延续
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
生的动作对现
在造成的影响
和结果
just(刚才), yet(然
而), ever(曾经),
never(从不), so
far(到现在为止),
up till now(到现在
为止), recently(最
高铁刚离开。
①We haven’t met each other before.
我们以前相符没有见过面。
①Villagers have planted over 1,000
trees on the hill so far.到目前为止，
性动词
近), lately(最近),
村民们已经在山上植了1,000多棵
before(以前), in
树。
the
past(last)…years(
在过去的……年
里)等
①如果现在完成时的时间状语
为“for + 时间段”或“since + 表
过去的时间点或时间段”，则动
词须为延续性动词。
①非延续性动词用于现在完成
①She has lived here for over 30
时的否定句，也可与“for + 时间
years. 她在这儿已经居住了30多(2)表示动作从
过去开始一直
持续到现在，
并有可能继续
下去
“since + 表过去
的时间点或时间
段”
①They have worked in the hospital
since he left medical college. 他从
医学院毕业就在这家医院工作。
年了。
“for + 时间段”
①I have taught English in the school
since 1999.从1999年起，我在这所
学校工作
段”或“since + 表过去的时间点
或时间段”连用，如We haven’t
seen him for a long time.我们已
经很久没有看见过他了。
①用“for+短时间”可以与“since+
过去时间点或段”进行转换，如：
He has studied English since 10
years ago.
=He has studied English for 10
years.
他学英语已经10年了。

【典型考例1】
（2019江苏镇江）---The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days.
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
---Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet,
A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【析】正确答案D。句意是：连续剧《破冰行动》这些日子上映了。哦，真可惜！我一节也
没有看过 。根据句末的副词yet可知，到目前说话人还没有观看，因此，用现在完成时。所
以，正确答案为D。
【典型考例2】
（2019北京） Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.
A. changes B. changed C. will change D. has changed
【析】正确答案D。句意是：从2017年 起，我们的校园生活发生了巨大变化。我们现在有
了更多的活动了。根据句末的时间状语since 2017可知，表示动作从过去一直延续到现在，
应使用现在完成时。所以，正确答案为D。

考点二：have(has)gone to,have(has) been to与have(has)been at(in)的区别

句型
（1）主语+have(has)gone to+
地点
意义
去了某地（不在出发
地）
示例 特别提醒
①Frank has gone to
have(has) gone to如果后
London.弗兰克去了伦
敦。
①They have gone to
Shanghai.他们去了上
海。
面接地点副词there连用
时，不用to。
（2）主语+have(has)been to +
地点
去过某地（现在已经
回到出发地）
①She has been to China.
她去过中国。
①We have been to
have been to常与twice
(两次), several times(几
次), ever(曾经)或
never(从未)等词组或副
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
Xi’an.我们去过西安。
（3）主语+have(has) been 到了某地多久
at(in)+地点
词搭配
The old man has been in
have(has) been at(in)须与
out village for 10 years.
这位老人到我们村已经
10年了。

表示段的时间状语连用。
【典型考例1】
（2019广西百色）Neither my sister nor I _______ been to Xi’an before.
never ever never ever
【析】正确答案B。句意是：我和我姐 姐以前都没有去过西安。Neither..nor...意思是“既不……
也不……”，表示否定意义 ，因此不可再使用否定副词never。Neither...nor...连接两个不同的
词作句子主 语时，谓语动词与nor后的主语保持人称、数上的一致，人称代词I须与现在完
成时的助动词have 连用，所以，正确答案为B。
【典型考例2】
（2019四川遂宁）---Where is your uncle?
---He _____ America and he _____ New York for two weeks.
been to; has been in gone to; will stay in
been in; has been to stayed in has gone to
【析】正确答案：B。句意是：你舅舅在哪儿？他到美国去了，他将在纽约呆两周。Has gone
to意思是“去了某地”；has been to意思是“去过某地”；has been in意思是“到了某地”。根
据句意可知，说话人的舅舅现在不在出发地，因此应选用has gone to。“在纽约呆两周”须
使用延续性动词stay才可与段时间状语for two weeks（两周）连用，因此，本题的正确答案
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
为B。
考点三：非延续性动词的主要用法

所谓非延续性动词，又称瞬 间动词或终止性动词，表示极短暂的动作，没有持续的时间长
度。非延续性动词不能和表示段时间的fo r短语或since短语(从句)连用，也不能出现在how
long引导的疑问句中，但可以和already, never, just, ever, before等连用。那么，非延续性动
词怎样与段时间连用呢？见下表。
表（一）：非延续性动词与段时间连用的方法
方法
（1）用“段时间+ago”替换“for+段时间”，动词使用
一般过去时。
（2）It’s +段时间+since+从句（从句动词用一般过
去时）
（3）段时间+has passed since +从句（从句动词用
一般过去时）
（4）将非延续性动词转换为：be+形容词或副词
示例
They left their hometown three years ago.三年前，他
们离开了他们的家乡。
It is three years since they left their hometown.他们离
开家乡已将3年了。
Three years has passed since they left their hometown.
他们离开家乡已将3年了。
The movie started 10 minutes ago.
=The movie has been on for 10 minutes.
（startbegin=be on）电影10分钟前已经开始了。
（5）非延续性动词转换为同义的延续性动词
He borrowed the book one week ago.
=He has kept the book for one week.他借了这本书一
周了。（borrow→keep）
表（二）：非延续性动词转换为延续性动词或短语对应表

begin (start)→be on（开始）
come back →be back（回来）
open→ be open（打开）
die → dead（死）
finish→ be over（完成）
go there →be there（去那儿）
come here→ be here（到这儿来）
close → be closed（关闭）
marry→ be married（结婚）
go to bed → be in bed（上床）
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
leave→ be away（离开）
get out →be out（外出、出去）
lose →be lost（丢失）
return →be back（返回）
fall asleep→ be asleep（睡觉）
fall ill→ be ill（生病）
join(become)→
get(arrive. reach) →be in at（到达、抵达）
be in be a member of（参加）
borrow →keep(借)
become →be (成为)
buy→ have(own) (买)
receive→ have (收到)
borrow →keep(借)
become →be (成为)
buy→ have(own) (买)
receive→ have (收到)
put on→ wear be on (穿)
get to know→know(认识)
catch a cold→ have a cold (感冒)
go to sleep→ sleep(睡觉)
put on→ wear be on (穿)
get to know→know(认识)
catch a cold→ have a cold (感冒)
go to sleep→ sleep(睡觉)











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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）






【典型考例1】
（2019江苏南通）----Is everyone here, Jonathan?
----No. Sir. Millie is absent. She for two days.
A. has fallen ill B. has been ill C. fell ill D. was ill
【析】正确答案B。句意是：乔纳森，人到齐了吗？ 老师，没有。米莉缺席了。她生病已
经两天了。Fall ill与be ill都表示“生病”，但fall ill为非延续性动词，在现在完成时中不可
与段时间连用，须转换为be ill才可以，所以，正确答案为B。
【典型考例2】
（2019广西玉林）---Jenny, your new tape player looks great.
----Oh, it’s not new. I _____ it for three years.
had bought
【析】正确答案：B。句意是：詹妮，你的新随身听看上很不错啊！哦，它不是新的。 我已
经买了3年了。非延续性动词buy在现在完成时中，不可与段时间状语连用，因此，须转换
为延续性同义动词have或own。所以，正确答案为B 。

【强化练习】
一、根据汉语意义或首字母提示，写出正确单词。
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
1.（2019四川广安） I haven’t ________ (收到…来信) from Sally before.
2.（2019浙江杭州）.I’m very hungry . I haven’t e_______ anything since 7:00 this
morning
3.（2019广西北部湾经济开发区） Bob and Jim have been good friends_______(自从)they
joined the same tennis team.
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. （2019山东青岛）The writer is so popular that he _______(sell) more than 200,000 books so
far.
2.（2019江苏连云港）---I____ (have a fever)since last night.
---You’d better go to see a doctor.
3.（2019江苏泰州）So far, the couple ___________ (not change) their flat since they had a second
child.
4.（2019甘肃兰州）Jim has never ________(be) to Mount Tai in China.
5.（2019贵州安顺） Sandy borrowed the novel from the library last week and ________(keep) it
for 5 days.
6.（2019湖北鄂州）Cathy and Linda ( not be) back to their hometown for two years.
7.（2019江苏南通）----Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy?
----Sure. I (finish)my DIY project.
三、单项选择
1.（2019山东临沂） Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels
_________at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.
A. rose B. have risen C. rise
2.（2019安徽）—It's ten years since we came here
—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.
A. work B. worked C. will work D. have worked
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
3.（2019江苏泰州）---Have you ever been to Shanghai?
---Of course. Actually, I _________there for six years but now I live in Taizhou.
A. worked B. was working C. would work D. have worked
4.（2019湖北武汉）. I ate some fruit, which I ______ since I was a child, and the vegetables from
my garden.
A. have enjoyed B. enjoyed C. enjoy enjoyed
5.（2019湖南郴州）---- Where is Mr. Green?
---- He the bookshop. You have to wait for him.
A. was going to B. has gone to C. has been to
6.（2019广东） My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about
panda.
A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work
7.（2019湖北襄阳）.---- Why won’t we play basketball with Class 4 this afternoon?
---Because they _ Longzhong for a study trip.
A. have gone to B. have been to C. had gone to D. had been to
8.（2019湖北随州）—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?
—In July. I _____it for two weeks.
A. had B. have had C. have bought D. bought
9.（2019江苏淮安） ---Where are the teachers now?
--- In the meeting room. They _________ the meeting for 10 minutes.
A. have begun B. have been on C. have had D. have been held
10.（2019湖北黄冈）---Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.
---She Wuhan. She’ll be back next week.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to
11.（2019湖南长沙）I ______ abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final
decision to move back to my motherland.
A．am living B．lived C．have lived
12.（2019四川眉山）---Linda has to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?
---Don’t worry. She will call you as soon as she there.
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
A. been；will get B. been；gets C. gone；will get D. gone；gets
13.（2019四川眉山）---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?
--- In October. I it for two months.
A. had B. bought C. have had D. have bought
14.（2019福建）---Look! My mother _____ a new dress for me.
----Wow, it looks very nice on you.
making made make
15.（2019呼和浩特）The shop in Wanda Square _____ for six years, but I _____ there so far.
opened; haven’t gone been open; haven’t been
been open; haven’t gone been opened; haven’t been
16.（2019湖南湘潭）---Have you ever _____ the Terracotta Army in Xi’an ?
----Yes. I went there last year.
A. gone to to in
17.（2019北京）Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.
A. changes B. changed C. will change D. has changed
18.（2019湖北宜昌）----What progress Huawei _____ in recent years!
----No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.
making made C. makes D. made
19.（2019贵州毕节）---How many letters
--- 109 in all, since 2016.
A. has, written B. have, written C. did, write D. are, writing
you to your mother?
20.（2019湖南湘西）---_____ you ever ______ Hong Kong --ZHuhai ____Macao Bridge ?
---Not yet.
A. Did; visit visit , visited
21.（2019哈尔滨）---Hi, Tom! _____ you ever ____ the Bird’s Nest ?
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
----Yes, I have. It’s fantastic.
A. Have, been to , gone to C. Did, go to
22.（2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔）As an exchange student, Alan_____ Qiqihar for one and a half years.
been to been in gone to
23（2019四川广元）---How long have you__________ your cap? It looks cool.
---About two weeks.
A. borrowed B. bought C. had
24.（2019贵阳）Today, all the erhu masters play and praise Erquan Yingyue. It ____ one of China’s
national treasure.
s become
25（2019贵州黔西南）----How many letters _____ you _____ to your mother?
----109in all, since 2016
, written written ; write writing


四、完成句子
1.（2019四川达州）China has been able to make big planes like C919 with scientists’ great effects.
______ China ______ able to make big planes like C919 with scientists’ great effects?
2.（2019辽宁盘锦）布朗(Brown) 一家人已经在上海生活10年了。

3.（辽宁铁岭）复仇者联盟4》已经上映两个月了。
Avengers:Endgame for two months.
56. 4.（2019辽宁辽阳）他们已经采取行动挽救野生动物了吗？
Have they _____ to save wild animals yet?
Key:
一、, 2eaten, 3since
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中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）----现在完成时精讲和练习（含答案）
二、 sold, had a fever, ’t changed , , kept, ’t been,
finished
三、1---5BDDAB; 6--- 10CABBA;11--15CDCBD; 16--20BDBBC; 21--25ABCCB
四、, been
2. The Browns The Brown family have been lived in Shanghai for 10 years since 10 years ago.
been on
action

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