科林鲍威尔-什么勃勃
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题
2008.11.22 (A卷)
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Directions: There are three passages in this
part. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each
of them there are four choices marked A,
B, C
and D. You should decide on the best choice and
blacken the corresponding
letter on the Answer
Sheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are
based on the following passage:
Scientists in
India have invented a new way to produce
electricity. Their
invention does not get its
power from oil, coal or other fuels. It produces
electricity
with the power of animals. India
has about eighty million bullocks (小牛). They do
all
kinds of jobs. They work in the fields.
They pull vehicles through the streets. They
carry water containers. Indian energy
officials have been seeking ways to use less
imported oil to provide energy. Scientists at
the National Institute for Industrial
Engineering in Bombay (孟买) wondered whether
the millions of bullocks could help.
Many
villages in India lack electricity, but they have
many bullocks. And often the
animals are not
working. One job done by bullocks is to pump water
out of the well.
The animals do this by
walking around and around in a circle. As they
walk, they turn
a heavy stick that makes the
pump move. This simple technology is centuries
old.
Scientists thought that the same
technology could be used to produce electricity.
Bullocks walk in a circle only two or three
times a minute. This is much too slow to
produce electricity, but it can create enough
power to turn a series of gears. A large
gear
sits next to a smaller gear. As the large gear
turns, it causes the smaller gear to
turn.
That gear turns an even smaller one. Each gear
moves faster because it is a little
smaller.
The smallest gear may turn extremely fast. Clocks
operate with gears. So do
cars and so does the
device invented by the Indian scientists to
produce electricity.
According to the
officials in the United Nations, the idea is being
tested at
several places in India. The device
is easy to operate and repair. And it can be moved
easily. It costs about three hundred and seven
dollars now to make such a device, but
production of large numbers of them could cut
the cost of each to about two hundred
dollars.
1. Who first thought of using bullocks to
provide energy?
A. Indian energy officials.
B. Scientists in India.
C. Officials in the
United Nations. D. Researchers in Europe.
2.
Which kind of job that the bullocks do is NOT
mentioned in the passage?
A. Pulling vehicles.
B. Plowing fields.
C. Pumping water out of
wells. D. Carrying food baskets.
3. Why are
bullocks used to provide energy in India?
A.
Because bullocks have long been used by Indian
people.
B. Because bullocks walk slowly and
are easy to control.
C. Because there are few
non-working bullocks in India.
D. Because
there is not enough oil in India.
4. In the
sentence “This simple technology is centuries old”
in Paragraph One, “This
simple
technology” refers to _____.
A. using bullocks
to produce energy
B. using pumps to draw water
out
C. having bullocks walk around to make the
pump move
D. connecting gears of different
sizes to produce electricity
5. Which of the
following is true about the device mentioned in
the passage?
A. It has a large gear and a
smaller gear.
B. It’s easy to use, but
difficult to move.
C. It’s quite cheap.
D.
It’s still being tested.
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following
passage:
On-the-job smoking is a hot issue for
both smokers and non-smokers, and many
managers now see smoking as a productivity
problem. Although some people
question whether
smoking really affects one’s productivity, it has,
in fact, been
proven that a smoker costs a
company more than a non-smoker. According to
Professor William Weis, a smoking employee
costs his or her employer about $$5,700
more a
year than a never-smoker. These costs include
medical care, lost earnings and
insurance. And
absence due to smoking breaks is one of the
productivity problems,
yet it accounts for a
great deal of employer costs.
When the issue
of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps
the most
important problem is the health risk
that smoking causes to both smokers and
never-
smokers. It has long been proven that smoking is
linked to lung cancer. Now
many health experts
warn that passive smoking can cause lung cancer
and other
illnesses in healthy never-smokers.
Passive smoking can be defined as exposure to
second-hand tobacco smoke in enclosed areas.
Anyone who has been with smokers
indeed knows
that their smoke can cause eye irritation,
coughing, headaches and
throat soreness. While
eye irritation may seem a small thing to some
smokers, it
nevertheless is a problem that
occurs every workday in offices and break-rooms
and
can lead to greater health problems.
Employees who do not smoke should not be
subjected to the risks of passive smoking and
need to be able to work in a safe
environment.
Surgeon General Koop states that the right of the
smoker stops at the
point where his or her
smoking increases the disease risk of those
occupying the same
environment.
6. All the
following cases are on-the-job smoking except that
_____.
A. an employer smokes while working in
the office
B. a taxi driver smokes while
driving the car
C. a worker smokes while
working in the workshop
D. a worker smokes
while reading in the train
7. According to the
passage, on-the-job smoking affects an employee’s
performance
in the office in that _____.
A. he can’t concentrate on what he is doing
while smoking
B. he often goes away from his
desk to smoke in the break-room
C. he
often asks for sick leave as a result of too much
smoking
D. he takes a rest from time to time
because of eye irritation
8. Many managers do
not seem to be in favor of on-the-job smoking
mainly because it
_____.
A. reduces
productivity of the company to a certain degree
B. does harm to the health of never-smokers of
the company
C. affects the relationship
between smokers and non-smokers
D. makes the
break-rooms more crowded and more polluted
9.
Passive smoking means _____.
A. never-smokers
take up the habit of smoking unwillingly
B.
never-smokers have to put up with the active
smokers
C. never-smokers take in smoke
released by a lit cigarette
D. never-smokers
share an enclosed area with smokers
10. In the
second part of the passage, the author suggests
banning on-the-job smoking
so as to _____.
A. cut down costs of medical care and
insurance
B. create a healthy and safe working
environment
C. prevent eye irritation from
becoming a big health problem
D. improve the
smoking employees’ work efficiency
Passage 3
Questions 11to 15 are based on
the following passage:
Not all memories are
sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to
forget
bad experiences. Violence and traffic
accidents can leave people with terrible physical
and emotional scars. Often they relive these
experiences in nightmares.
Now American
researchers think they are close to developing a
pill, which will
help people forget bad
memories. The pill is designed to be taken
immediately after a
frightening experience.
They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase, the
effect of
painful memories.
In November,
experts tested a drug on people in the US and
France. The drug
stops the body releasing
chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far
the research
has suggested that only the
emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not
that
the memories are erased.
The research
has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it
is a bad idea,
while others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that
prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling
memories
after war. They say that there are many people who
suffer from terrible
memories.
“Some
memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back
to you when you don’t
want to have them in a
daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very
painful
emotions,” said Roger Pitman, a
professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.
“This could relieve a lot of that suffering.”
But those who are against the research say
that it is very dangerous to change
memories
because memories give us our identity. They also
help us all avoid the
mistakes of the
past.
“All of us can think of bad events in
our lives that were horrible at the time but
make us who we are. I’m not sure we want to
wipe those memories out,” said
Rebecca
Dresser, a medical ethicist.
11. The passage
is mainly about _____.
A. a new medical
invention
B. a new research on memories
C.
a way of erasing painful memories
D. an
argument about the research on the pill
12.
The drug tested on people can _____.
A. cause
the brain to fix memories
B. stop people
remembering their experiences
C. prevent body
producing certain chemicals
D. wipe out the
emotional effects of memories
13. We can infer
from the passage that _____.
A. people doubt
the effects of the pills
B. the pill will stop
people’s bad experiences
C. taking the pill
will do harm to people’s health
D. the pill
has probably been produced in America
14.
Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree
with?
A. Some memories can ruin people’s
lives.
B. People want to get rid of bad
memories.
C. Experiencing bad events makes us
different from others.
D. The pill will reduce
people’s sufferings from bad memories.
15. The
word “scars” in Paragraph One is close in meaning
to ____.
A. good stories B. pains C.
experiences D. memories
Part II
Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
Directions: In
this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For
each sentence there
are four choices marked A,
B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best
completes
the sentence. Then blacken the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
16.
Don’t be too _____about things you are not
supposed to know.
A. strange B. amusing C.
curious D. conscious
17. He’s got himself
into a dangerous situation _____he is likely to
lose control over
the plane.
A. where B.
which C. while D. why
18. In order to
change attitudes_____ employing women, the
government is bringing
in new laws.
A.
about B. of C. towards D. on
19. The
fact came up_____ specific speech sounds are
recognized by babies as young
as 6 months old.
A. what B. which C. that D whose
20. It is generally believed that teaching
is_____ it is a science.
A an art much as B.
much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an
art as
21. _____, I have to put it away
and focus my attention on study this week.
A.
However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing
the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing
22. For
the sake of her daughter’s health, she decided to
move to a warm ______.
A. weather B.
temperature C. season D. climate
23. Be
careful when you cross this very busy street. If
not, you may get _____ by a
car.
A. run
out B. run over C. run away D. run after
24._____, some famous scientists have the
qualities of being both careful and
careless.
A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely
C. Strange enough D. Enough strange
25. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for
the old couple, but it remains _____
whether
they will enjoy it.
A. to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. seen
26. ---You seem to show
interest in cooking.
---What? _____, I’m
getting tired of it.
A. On the contrary
B. To the contrary
C. On the other hand D.
To the other hand
27. These wild flowers are
so special that I would do _____ I can to save
them.
A. whatever B. that C. which D.
whichever
28. Time will_____ whether I made
the right choice or not.
A. see B. say C.
tell D. know
29. Suddenly, a tall man
driving a golden carriage______ the girl and took
her away,
_____ into the woods.
A.
seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared
C. seizing; disappearing D. seized;
disappearing
30. It suddenly _____ me how we
could improve the situation.
A. occurred B.
feared C. shook D. struck
31. Was it
because he was ill _____ he asked for leave?
A. so B. when C. why D. that
32.
John likes Chinese food, but he _____ eating with
chopsticks.
A. is used to B. used to C.
isn’t used to D. didn’t used to
33. Fujian
Province lies _____ the east of China and Taiwan
is _____ the west of
Fujian.
A. in; in
B. to; in C. to; to D. in; to
34. For
John this was the beginning of a new life, _____
he thought he would never
see.
A. what
B. that C. one D. it
35. We stayed for
the night at the foot of the mountain and _____ to
climb it the next
morning.
A. set about
B. set off C. set up D. set out
36. We
should do as much as we can _____ our country
better and more beautiful.
A. make B. to
make C. makes D. making
37. “To put
off something” means “to _____”.
A. look for
it B. put it in place C. postpone it D. cancel
it
38._____, he’ll make a first-class tennis
player.
A. Giving time B. To give time C.
Given time D. Being given time
39. ---Did you
see her off the day before yesterday?
---No,
but I wish I _____.
A. were B. did C. had
D. would
40. Some drivers always drive
carelessly. There is some _____ danger while they
are
driving.
A. painful B. potential
C. probable D. primary
41. You have stayed
at home for two days. It’s time you _____ for a
walk.
A. go out B. went out C. will go out
D. would go out
42. Can you _____ the three
mistakes in this paragraph?
A. turn out B.
bring out C. call out D. pick out
43. This
is much _____ to the one I bought last week.
A. worse B. lower C. inferior D. equal
44._____ their country has plenty of oil, ours
has none.
A. While B. Where C. When D.
Unless
45. There at the door stood a girl
about the same height _____.
A. as me B. as
mine C. with mine D. with me
Part III
Identification (10%)
Directions: Each of the
following sentences has four underlined parts
marked A, B, C
and D. Identify the one that is
not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter
on
the Answer Sheet.
46. The reporter was
(A) very pleased (B) when the chairman (C) allowed
him to ask
(D) few questions.
47. He
(A) tried to learn Greek but (B) soon got (C)
tired of it and (D) gave up it.
48. With
the sun (A) setting, we stopped (B) working, (C)
putting away our tools and
were (D) going to
go home.
49. (A) Polite manners in China
demand that a person (B) stands up when anyone (C)
enters a room or when anyone (D) hands him
something.
50. (A) This is the sportsman
(B) whom everyone (C) says will win the gold medal
(D)
at the Winter Olympic Games.
51.
I (A) heard that you really (B) had a wonderful
time (C) at John’s birthday party,
(D) hadn’t
you?
52. E-mail (A) as well as mobile
telephones (B) are becoming (C) more and more
popular (D) in daily communication.
53. They (A) are going to (B) have
the servicemen (C) installed an electric fan (D)
in
the office tomorrow.
54. Two (A)
woman teachers and four (B) girl students (C) were
praised (D) at the
meeting yesterday.
55. Lesson Three is (A) the most difficult
lesson, (B) but it isn’t (C) the most difficult
lesson (D) in Book Four.
Part IV
Cloze (10%)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in
the following passage, and for each blank there
are
4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end
of the passage. You should choose ONE
answer
that best fit into the passage. Then blacken the
corresponding letter on the
Answer Sheet.
Scientists say that something very serious is
happening to the earth. It will begin
to get
__56__ in the following years. There will be major
changes in __57__ in the
new century. Coastal
waters will have a __58__ temperature. This will
have a __59__
effect on agriculture. In
northern areas, the __60__ season will be ten days
longer by
the year2010. However, in warmer
areas, it will be too dry. The __61__ of water
could __62__ by eighty percent. This would
__63__ a large decrease in agriculture
production.
World temperature could __64__
two degrees centigrade by the year2040.
However, the increase could be three times as
great in the Arctic and Antarctic areas.
This
could cause the __65__ sheets to melt and raise
the __66__ of the oceans __67__
one to two
meters. Many coastal cities would be __68__ water.
Why is this happening? There is too __69__
carbon dioxide in the air. __70__ oil,
gas and
coal burn, they create large amounts of carbon
dioxide. This carbon dioxide
lets __71__ enter
the earth’s atmosphere and __72__ the earth.
However, it doesn’t let
as much heat __73__
the atmosphere and enter space. It’s like a
blanket. The heat
__74__ the sun can pass
through the blanket to warm the earth. The heat
__75__ there
and can’t escape through the
blanket again.
Scientists call this the green-
house effect.
56. A. warmer B. colder C.
better D. worse
57. A. land B.
agriculture C. climate D. weather
58. A.
lower B. higher C. normal D. proper
59.
A. good B. general C. serious D. useful
60. A. getting B. playing C. taking D.
growing
61. A. much B. many C. amount
D. number
62. A. fall B. decrease C.
refuse D. rise
63. A. lead B. keep C.
make D. cause
64. A. increase B. drop
C. lift D. realize
65. A. water B. rain
C. stone D. ice
66. A. degree B. level
C. coast D. area
67. A. by B. to
C. of D. with
68. above B. under C.
below D. over
69. A. little B. many C.
few D. much
70. A. If B. Because C.
When D. Why
71. A. sunlight B. air C.
rain D. gas
72. A. cold B. protect C.
hurt D. heat
73. A. enter B. get C.
leave D. reach
74. A. through B. by C.
from D. on
75. A. stores B. arrives C.
stands D. stays
Part V Translation (20%)
Section A
Directions: In this part, there
are five sentences which you should translate into
Chinese. These sentences are all taken from
the 3 passages you have just read in the
part
of Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to
the passages so as to identify
their meanings
in the context.
76. Indian energy officials
have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to
provide
energy.
77. Clocks operate
with gears. So do cars and so does the device
invented by the
Indian scientists to produce
electricity.
78. When the issue of
smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the
most
important problem is the health risk that
smoking causes to both smokers and
never-
smokers.
79. Now American researchers
think they are close to developing a pill, which
will
help people forget bad memories.
80. So far the research has suggested that
only the emotional effects of memories may
be
reduced, not that the memories are erased.
Section B
Directions: In this part, there
are five sentences in Chinese. You should
translate them
into English. Be sure to write
clearly.
81.
我想说的是,在奥运会上做志愿者(volunteer)对于年轻人是有意义的事。
82. 简而言之,每个人都应该为自己的行为负责。
83.
我下决心一个月之内在功课上要赶上同学们。
84. 在我看来,他们很难掩盖事实真相。
85. 直到会议结束那位经理一直保持沉默不语。
参考答案(2008.11.22 A卷)
一、阅读
1-5 BDDCD 6-10 DB ACB 11-15DCDCB
二、词汇语法
16-20 CACCD 21-25 CDBAB 26-30
AACDD
31-35 DCDBD 36-40 BCCCB 41-45
BDCAB
三、挑错
46-50 DDCBB 51-55 DBCAA
四、完形
56-60 DCBCD 61-65 CBDAD 66-70
BABDC 71-75 ADCCD
五、翻译
一、英译汉
76.
印度能源官员已经在寻找一些可以使用更少的进口石油来生产能源的方法。
77.
钟表是由齿轮来驱动的。汽车和这种印度科学家发明的发电设备也是一样
的。
78.
当讨论工作场所吸烟的问题时,也许最重要的问题是,吸烟对吸烟者和不吸
烟者的健康造成的危害。
79. 现在美国研究者认为马上就可以发明出来一种药丸,能够帮助人们忘记坏的
记忆。
80. 迄今为止,研究已经显示,能够被减少的只是记忆的情感影响,而不是记忆
被删除。
二、汉译英
81. What I want to say is that
it is meaningful for the young to be volunteer in
the
Olympic Games.
82. In short, everybody
should take responsibility for their actions.
83. I am determined to catch up other
classmates in study in a month.
84. In my
view, it is very difficult for them to hide the
truth.
85. The manager keeps silence till the
conference end.