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初中英语语法知识详解

作者:高考题库网
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2020-10-30 17:07
tags:初中英语语法讲解

天壤之别什么意思-专横跋扈是什么意思

2020年10月30日发(作者:康继昌)



初中英语语法知识详解

虚 拟 语 气
1) 概念
表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等。
可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为 非真实条件句,非真
实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况.通过句
子意思,看假设 的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件
句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条< br>件句,要用虚拟语气。
2)虚拟语气的使用范围
主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从
句、宾语从句等。
3)法则:“后退一步法”
从句:①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式
表示。
②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式
表示。
③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时
形式表示。
主句:用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与
从句一致的动词形式。

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例:If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen
him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my
students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go
out.
4)If虚拟语气的具体分析:
1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的用动词的过
去式(或were),主句用would should could might +
动词原形。
1) If places ______ a like, there would be little
need for geographers(地理学家).(are)
2) If I _____ the meaning of the word, I wouldn't
have to look it up.(know)
2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设,if 从句用过去完成时
即had+过去分词,主句用would should could
might + have +过去分词。
We didn't know his telephone number,
otherwise we _____ him,
A) would have telephoned B) must have
telephoned


C) would telephone D) had
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telephoned
3. 表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If
从句的谓语形式用一般过去式 或用动词过去式were to
should +动词原形,主句用would should could
might +动词原形。
Jean doesn't want to work right away because
she thinks that if she ______ a job she probably
wouldn't be able to see her friends very often. (get)
4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句
if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,将
had , should, were 等词提到主语之前,即用倒装结构。
(这种结构在口语中很少使用)。
Had he worked harder, he _____ the exams. (get
through)
5)宾语从句中的虚拟语气
一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气。按“后退一步法”
处理从句的谓语动词。
二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的
虚拟语气从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成
三、would rather +从句,在这种结构中,从句的位于动词
用过去形式表示虚拟。
6)主语从句中的虚拟语气

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一、It be + 形容词 + that ...(should)...
二、It be + 过去分词 + that ...(should)....
三、It is time(about time, high time)that ...(过
去式动词形式或should+动词原形)....
7)表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气
在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea,
advice, decision等表语从句、同位语从句 中,要使用虚
拟语气。其谓语动词应用:should+原形动词。

翻译练习
1. Why is she looking at me (像是她认
识我似的)? Ihave never seen her before in my life.
2. I avoided mentioning the sensitive subject
lest (触犯他)。
for his wife’s help, he _________________(是不会
成功的)
4. ______________(要不是因为我生病了), I would have
lent him a helping hand.
5. We are all for your proposal that
_____________________(延迟讨论).
6. we did not know his phone number, ______________
(否则我们会给他打电话的).

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倒 装
倒装结构分为全部倒装和部分 倒装。所谓全部倒装是指
整个谓语部分放在主语前面;而部分倒装是指谓语的一部分
(情态动词 或助动词)放在主语之前。
如:now comes the chance. has he
come?
一:表示地点、方向和时间的副词或者介词放在句首时,句子要全部倒装。这些词有:here, there, up, down, out,
away, now, then,
There was a sudden gust of wind and away
went his hat.
In each room are ten students.
注意:在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up
down等副词开头的句子中,且谓语是come, go, be等动
词时,句子一般要全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,主语和
谓语不须倒装。例如:
Now, here goes the story.
There he comes.
Away they hurried. 他们急忙走开了。
二:当含有否定意义的词或短语放在句首时,要用部分倒装。
这类词包括:not, never, neither, seldom, little,

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nowhere, hardly, scarcely, rarely, no longer, not until,
at no time, by no means, on no account, in no case,
under no circumstances, on no account, not only …
but also…。
Nowhere in the world can you find a man who
loves you so much.
Not until he came back did I leave. (注意:只能是
主句的主谓倒装)
On no account will the manager tolerate
rudeness from his employees.
三: as +adj. adv. 以及“to such a degree, to such an
extent, to such a point.”放在句首, 表示程度,句子要
倒装。
To such an extent did his health deteriorate that
he was forced to retire.
So diligently does he work that he often forgets
to eat and sleep.
四:虚拟语气中,省去if 后, 从句需要倒装。
五:“only + 状语”放在句首时,句子需要倒装。
Only by working hard can you achieve your
goal.
Only in this way can we solve this problem

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successfully and effectively.
六: 由as 或though 引导的让步状语从句有时也用倒装
句,即把表语或部分谓语提前。
Patient though as he was, he was unwilling to
wait three hours.
Child as though he was, he had a good
command of English.
Try as he might, he couldn’t the box.
七.: so作“也”讲时,引导的句子用倒装语序,作“确实
如此”讲要用正常语序。
He went to the film last night, so did I. 他昨天晚
上去看电影了,我也去了。
His mother told him to go to the film, so he did.
他母亲叫他去看电影,他就去了。
“he is a tall thin man.” “so he is.” “他又高又
瘦。” “确实如此。”
翻译练习:
1. Only by working at evenings and
weekeds________________ (他才能完成报告) by the
deadline.
2. Not until Alice had a baby of her
own (她才了解)how hard it was for

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her mother to have brought up her sister and her on
her own.。
3. Scarcely _______________ (她看见报纸上的广告)when
she booked a package tour with Bright Travel
Service.
4. Under no circumstance ____________ her proposal
that they take a vacation to Australia together.
5._________________________(吵闹的音乐不仅惹人讨), it
could also be the cause of accidents.

定 语 从 句
1. 定义:
定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被 修饰
的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之
后,由关系词(关系代词或关 系副词)引出。关系代词有:
who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有:when,
where, why等。
2. 非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句
意 思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,
去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通 常用逗号分
开,关系代词不能用that,先行词指{人:用who、whom;

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物:which }
This is the house which we bought last month.这
是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
The house, which we bought last month, is very
nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进
行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,由as,
which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主
句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which
在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
He seems not to have grasped what I meant,
which greatly upsets me.
3. 介词+关系词
1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2)that前不能有介词。
3) 某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的介词+关系
词结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years
ago=This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined
our club?= Do you remember the day when you

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joined our club?
4. 关系代词that 的用法
1)先行词是最高级形容词或者它前面有最高级形容词修饰
的时候
2)先行词是序数词,或者它前面有一个序数词修饰的时候
3)先行词既有人又有物,宜用that
4)先行词是all, much, little,few, something,
anything, everything, nothing,none, the one等
5)先行词被不定代词修饰,如all, any, every, few, little,
no, some,no sooner等。例如:
6)先行词前面Only, one of,the only, the same, the
very,the last 等词修饰的时候。
7)主句已有疑问词who或者which的时候
8)有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which, 另外
一个宜用that.
五:区分定语从句与其相似句型。
在实际运用中,要分清到底是定语从句,还是并列句、< br>状语从句、强调句或其它句型,然后再来确定关联词。
1. Mr Wu has two sons, and both of them are
fond of playing gol f.(这里and连接的是并列句,不能
用whom代替them。如去掉and,就必须用whom代 替
them构成定语从句。)

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2. It was last night that the terrible fire broke
out. (这里是被强调部分+that... 构成的强调句
型,故连接词不用when。)

同 位 语 从 句
典型例子:
1. John,my old friend, came this morning.
2. I have no idea what he is doing now.
3. The question who should do the work requires
consideration
定语从句与同位语从句都可位于名词之后,而且都可用
that, when, where, why, who等词引导,但它们
是两种性质完全不同的从句,不可混淆。
区别:
一、 定语从句是形容词从句,其作用相当于一个形容词,
是用来修饰前面 的名词或代词的;同位语从句是名词
从句,其作用相当于一个名词,是对前面的名词作进
一步解 释的。
1. We heard the news that he had told her. 我
们听到他对她说的消息。
2. We heard the news that he had won the
game. 我们听到消息他赢得了比赛。

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二、
定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分,可作主语、
宾语、状语等
同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用,不作任何
句子成分。
1. A plane is a machine that can fly.
2. The fact that they didn't finish the work has
to be faced.
三、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时,可以
省略或被其他词代替;
同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略,更不能被代替。
1. The news (that) she heard is true. 她听到的
消息是真的。
2. The news that she will go abroad is true. 她将
出国这消息是真的。
3. The reason (why =for which或 that)he was
chosen remains unknown. 他为什么被选上的原因还是
不清楚。
4. The idea why he was chosen attracted our
attention. 他为什么会被选上,这一想法引起我们的注意。
四、而同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位,一般没有复数形
式,如:news, fact, promise, idea, word(消息), message,
hope, truth, answer, proposal, suggestion, order,

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information,conception,notion,ability, advice,
belief, doubt, discovery, , fear, , possibility, problem,
question, story, theory, thought。
1. The possibilities that she was offered seemed
very great.她得到的可能性似乎大些。
2. Her mother was worried about the possibility
that her daughter dislike to go to school.
五、when, where, why, how, who, whom, which 如果
引导定语从句, 它们分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、
原因、方式、人和物,否则引导的就是同位语从句。
I still remember the day when he was killed. 我还
记得他被害的那一天。
I have no idea when he was killed. 我不知道他什么
时候被害的。

主 语 从 句
1.主语从句主要有三类:
(1) 由连词that引导的主语从句。
That she survived the accident is a miracle. 她
在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。
(2) 用连接代词或连接副词if, whether 引导的主语从句。
When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.

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他们什么时候来还不知道。
Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter
too much. 她来不来都无关紧要。
(3) 用关系代词引导的主语从句。
例如:What you need is more practice. 你所需要的是
更多的训练。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这
事。
注意:
主语从句可以直接放在主语位置上,也可以用it作形式主
语, 而将从句放在句末(尤其是当谓语较短时)。
例如:That light travels in straight lines is known to
all. 光沿直线传播,这是众所周知的事。
=It is known to all that light travels in
straight lines. 众所周知光沿直线传播。
2.固定用法和译法
(1) It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that… It is good news that … … It is a
question that …… It is common knowledge
that … …类似的名词还有:a pity;a wonder;a good
thing; no wonder; surprise等。
例如: It is common knowledge that the whale is not

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a fish. 鲸鱼不是鱼,这是常识。
(2) It is +形容词+从句
It is necessary that…… It is clear that…… It is
likely that … It is important that …
类似的形容词还有:strange; natural; obvious; true;
good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite; unusual;
certain; evident; worth-while; surprising;
interesting; astonishing, etc.
例如: It was really astonishing that he refused to
talk to you . 他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。
(3) It is +过去分词+从句
It is said that … It is reported that … It has been
proved that … It must be proved that…
类似的过去分词还有:known; estimated; expected;
believed; thought; hoped; noted; discussed;
required; decided; suggested; demanded; made
clear; found out,etc.
例如:It is thought that he is the best player. 大家都
认为他是最好的选手。
(4) It +不及物动词+从句
It seems that … 好像是 It happened that… 碰巧
It follows that … 由此可见 It has turned out that …

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结果是…
类似的不及物动词还有:seem, appear, occur, follow,
happen, turn out, etc.
例如: It now appears that they are in urgent need of
help. 看起来他们急需帮助。
当“及物动词 + 宾语”较短时,也可用这种结构。
例如:It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody
where he was. 让我吃惊的是彼得没有告诉任何人他在哪
里。
It +某些固定结构+ 主语从句。
例如: It does not make any difference whether it
rains or not . 下不下雨没什么分别。
It does not make the least difference to me what
you do. 对我来说你做什么都无关紧要。

宾 语 从 句
定义:一个句子在复合句中作动词或介词的宾语,在主
句与从句之间有一个引导词
结构:“主语+谓语动词+引导词+从句
一:引导词
1. that常被省略。
She said (that) she would leave the book on his

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desk. 她说她会把那本书放在他的桌子上。
2. 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时,用if或
whether来引导从句,意为“是否”。
Alice wanted to know if whether her
grandmother liked the bag.
在下列几种情况下,只能用whether, 不能用if:
● 当or not 紧随连词之后时。如:
I don't know whether or not he will come on time.
我不知道他能否按时来。
● 从句用作介词宾语时。如:
I am interested in whether he joined the army. 我
对他是否入伍很感兴趣。
● 在带to的动词不定式前。如:
She doesn't know whether to go to the cinema or
to watch TV at home. 她不知道是去看电影还是在家看
电视。
● 当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。如:
Whether this is true or not, I'm not sure. 这是否
真实,我不敢肯定。
3. 宾语从句具有特殊疑问含义时用连接代(副)词引 导,
它们在宾语从句中充当一定成分,因此不能省略。如:
Did you hear what he said? 你听见他说的话了吗?

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(作宾语)
I don't know whose that is. 我不知道那是谁的。(作
表语)
Could you tell me how I get to the post office? 你
能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗?(作状语)
二:宾语从句的语序:宾语从句一律用陈述语序,即“引导
词+主语+谓语+其它”。
Could you tell me where Wei Fang lives?
三:宾语从句的时态
● 如果主句是祈使句或主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时
或将来时,则宾语从句可根据句意的需要而选用任何一种时
态;若主句是一般过去时 ,宾语从句用表示过去的某种时
态。
I know he lives here. I know he lived here
ten years ago.
● 如果宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、
现阶段存在的客观事实、现在经常性或习惯性的动作 、谚语、
格言等,不论主句用何 种时态,从句一律用一般现在时。
如:
The teacher told us that light travels much faster
than sound. 老师告诉我们光比声音传播快。
He said time is money. 他说时间就是金钱。

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四:宾语从句的否定转移
当主句谓语动词为think, suppose, guess, believe等
词时,并且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定词应转 移到主句
谓语动词上来。如:
I don't believe that he will come tomorrow. 我相
信他明天不会来。
五:宾语从句中的虚拟语气
一、wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气。
wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气,按“后退一步法”处
理从句的谓语动词。
二、表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的
虚拟语气从句中用“should + 动词原形”构成。而且should
可以省去。用于此结构的动词有:advise, direct, agree,
ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer,
propose, request, suggest等。
注意:当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,
显示”时,不用虚拟语气。
The look on his face suggested that he was quite
satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.

表 语 从 句

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一:定义: 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
结构:主语+连系动词+表语从句
连系动词:be, look, remain, seem, sound, appear
become……..
二:连接词:that, what, who, when, where, which, why,
whether,how. (that常可省略)
常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等
结构
三 注意:
A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the
hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the
hotel.
B 不可以用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例
外)。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching
towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is
marching towards us.
C 不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态
和从句时态可以不一致。

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Right: The question is who will travel with me to
Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

从句翻译练习:
1. __________________(我想强调的)is not the process
but the result.
news ___________________ (她儿子比赛获胜)made
her so excited that she could hardly wait to tell it to
the neighbors and relatives.
destruction of these treasures was a loss for
mankind that _________________(是多少金钱都无法弥补
的).
4.Stressful environments lead to unhealthy
behaviors such as poor eating
habits,_____ ____________________(这进而增加了得心脏病
的危险).
5.A survey was carried out on the death rate of
new-born babies in that region, _______________(调查
结果令人吃惊).


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独 立 主 格
独立主格结构是由 一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上
非谓语动词、形容词(副)词、或介词短语构成的一种独立
成 分。该结构不是句子,也不是从句,所以它内部的动词不
能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化,它与其主句之 间既不能通
过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导,常用逗号与其主
句隔开。独立主格结构在 很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语
从句或其他状语形式,但很多时候不能转化为分词形式,因
为 它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。在做这类题目
时一定要小心判断,不能粗心大意。
一. 独立主格结构的特点:
1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存
在。
2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介
词等是主谓关系。
3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
二、独立主格结构的构成形式
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;
名词(代词)+形容词;
名词(代词)+副词;
名词(代词)+不定式;

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名词(代词) +介词短语构成。
1. 名词或代词+现在分词 现在分词表示前面的名词或代
词主动进行的动作或状态。如:
The man lay there, his hands trembling.
有时,现在分词being或having been在独立主格结构中
可以省略。如:
The weather (being) fine,we decided to go
swimming.
2. 名词或代词+过去分词 过去分词表示前面的名词或代
词被动完成的动作。如:
The girl sat there silent,her head bent low.
All things considered, her paper is of greater value
than yours.
3. 名词或代词+不定式(短语) 不定式表示将来的动作。
如:
He suggested going for a picnic,Mary to provide
the food.
Time is pressing, two hours to go only.
4. 名词或代词+名词(短语) 如:
Many people joined in the work, some of them
women and children.
5. 名词或代词+形容词(短语) 形容词(短语)说明前

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面名词或代词的性质或状态。如:
The floor wet, we had to stay outside for a while.
6. 名词或代词+副词 副词也多是说明前面名词或代词的
状态。如:
The meeting over, we all went home.
7. 名词或代词+介词短语 如:
The teacher came in, a book in his hand.
有时,独立主格结构中名词前面的定语可以省略。如:
The boy lay silently on the grass, (his) eyes closed.
A girl was walking in the street, (a) flower in (her)
hand.
三. 独立主格结构的作用
1. 作状语
1) 表示时间 如:
Her homework done (=After her homework was
done),Lucy decided to go shopping.
2) 表示原因 如:
There being no buses (Because there were no
buses),we had to walk home.
3) 表示条件 如:
Weather permitting (If weather permits), we will go
to play football.

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4) 表示方式或伴随 如:
He rushed into the room, his face covered with
sweat.
2. 作同位语 如:
There are two doors, one leading to the bedroom,
the other (leading) to the kitchen.
四.Withwithout 引导的独立主格结构
A. with+名词代词+形容词
He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet.
B. with+名词代词+副词
Our school looks even more beautiful with all the
lights on.
C. with+名词代词+介词短语
He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand.
D. with+名词代词+动词的-ed形式
With his homework done, Peter went out to play.
E. with+名词代词+动词的-ing形式
The man felt very happy with so many children
sitting around him.
F. with+名词代词+动词不定式
The little boy looks sad, with so much homework
to do.

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翻译练习:
1. ____________ (其他条件相同的情况下),a man who
expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed
more rapidly than a man whose command of
language is poor.
2._____________________(所有的航班被取消)because of
the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing
but take the train.

分 词
1.分词的时态和语态
1)一般式和完成式。一般式用来指和谓语动词所表示的动
作 同时发生的行为;完成式(having + 过去分词)用来指
在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如:
Being a student, he was interested in books.
Having studied in university for 3 years, he knows
the way very well.
2)主动语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是分词动 作的承受
者时,分词用被动语态;如果强调分词的动作先于谓语的动
作,就用分词完成式的被动 形式。如:
The question being discussed is important.
Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave

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up smoking.
2.分词的用法
1)作定语
The man standing by the windows is our teacher.
The excited people rushed into the building.
2)作状语,分词或分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原
因、行为方式、伴随状况等。如:
Being a student, I must study hard. (原因)
While reading the book, he nodded from time
to time. (时间)
The teacher stood there, surrounded by the
students. (方式)
注意:分词短语作状 语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主
语一致。如果分词与句子的主语是主动关系,用doing表示
与谓语动词同时发生或进行的动作,用having done表示
在谓语动词之前发生的动作。如果 分词与句子的主语是被动
关系,则用done强调在谓语动词之前发生的动作,也可用
havi ng been done. 表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连
接词while或when引出。有 时“with(without) + 名
词(或代词宾语) + 分词”的结构,表示伴随状况。如:
He lay half dead, with all his ribs broken.
The bridge being built will be completed in May.

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(一般式被动语态)
Having lived in Nanjing for forty years, he
knows the city very well.(完成式)
Having been asked to stay for supper, she
couldn't very well leave.(被动完成式)
Not knowing his telephone number, I can't call
him.不知道他的电话号码,我无法给他打电话。(否定式)
3.独立主格结构和分词的区别:
分词短语作状语:从句的主语当分词的逻辑主语与主句
的主语相同时,
独立主格结构作状语:从句的主语当分词的逻辑主语与
主句的主语不同时,有独立的的主语
如:Time permitting, I will finish another lesson.
Weather permitting, we will hold our yearly
sports meeting next week.
翻译练习:
1. Last week, Tom and his friends celebrated his
twentieth birthday, (尽情地唱歌跳舞).
2.___________________(屈服于金钱的诱惑), he sold out
the new design of the company to their opponent.
3._________________(有了那一堆堆稻草的保护), the
bushes are not buried by moving sand.

第 28 页 共 32 页



4.___________________(和原来的计划比起来), this plan is
far more complete.


1.表示倍数的句型
1.倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as
This tree is three times as tall as that one.
2.倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than
The dictionary is exactly five times more
expensive than that one. 这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。
3.倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B
The newly broadened square id four times the
size of the previous one.
新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
4.名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B

The size of the newly broadened square is four
times that of the previous one.
新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。
5.其它
I'm twice double his age.
I've paid five times the usual price for the

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stamp.
The average income of the staff has been
increased by 50 percent compared with last year.
与去年相比,该单位职工的收入增加了50%.

练习:
Prices are going up rapidly. Petrol
now (现在汽油的价格是几年前的两倍).
2.“the more..., the more...”句型
1.表示“越……就越… …”,是一个复合句,其中前面的句子是
状语从句,后面的句子是主句。the用在形容词或副词的比较
级前,more代表形容词或副词的比较级。 例如:
The more he gets, the more he wants. 他越来越贪。
The more she learns, the more she wants to learn.
她越学越想学。
2.主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。例如:
The higher the ground is, the thinner air
becomes.
The harder he worked, the more he got.
3.若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,从句的谓语动词要用一
般现在时表示将来。
The harder you work, the greater progress you

第 30 页 共 32 页



will make.
The longer the war lasts, the more the people
there will suffer.
4.若比较级作表语且不位于句首时,可以不用the。例如:
When we are more in danger, we should be
braver.
5.主句在程度上随着从句变化而变化,常把被强调部分提前。
例如:
The faster you run, the better it will be.
6.这种句型 的特点是前后都可以有所省略。特别是谚语、俗
语,只要意义明确,越简练越好The more , the better.
7.这种句型中的比较部分通常是状语、宾语、表语,也可以是
主语。例如:
The more English you practise, the better your
English is.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
The more air there is inside the tyre, the greater
pressure there is in it.
8.若表示“越……越不……”时,常用“the more..., the
less...”句型。
The more she flatters me, the less I like her. 她越
逢迎我,我越不喜欢她。

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9.若表示“越不……就越……”时,常用“the less..., the
more...”句型。
The less he worried, the better he worked.








第 32 页 共 32 页

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