高中英语语法知识点形容词和副词

考点06 形容词和副词


高考频度：★★★★★
考向一 形容词、副词的基本用法
1.形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动作的方式。
After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired.
经过长时间旅行后，他们三个回到家，又饿又累。
2.有些副词还可以作连词，作副词时常放在句末。如：though，(ever)since，in case等
He is old. He works hard，though.
＝Though he is old，he works hard.
虽然他年事已高，但他工作还是很努力。
3.有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语。 如：obviously，naturally，surprisingly
等
Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.
幸运的是，他没被淹死，被解放军给救了。
Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her.
高兴的是，她的继母对她很好。
notnever 与enough 或too连用表示：无论怎样都不过分；越??越好。
—I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden，a car cut in and knocked
me down.
——我正在大街上独自一人骑自行车，突然一辆小汽车强行超车把我撞倒了。
—You can never be too careful in the street.
— —在大街上你越小心越好。

1. ________，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
A. Shy and cautious
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B. Sensitive and thoughtful

C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic
【解析】句意：她无忧无虑、积极 乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。本题考查形容
词作伴随状语。shy and cautious 害羞的、小心的；sensitive and thoughtful 敏感的、
多思的；honest and confident 诚实的、自信的。
【答案】 D
went to answer the phone.________，Harry started to prepare lunch.
A. However
C. Besides








B. Nevertheless
D. Meanwhile

【答案】 D
only had $$100 and that was________to buy a new computer.
A. nowhere near enough
C. enough near nowhere




B. near enough nowhere
D. near nowhere enough
【解析】 句意：我们只有100美元，离买台新电脑的钱还差得远呢。本题考查修饰词顺序。
not anywhere near
或nowhere near：far from，not at all远非，绝不是，为固定短语。
【答案】 A
it was his turn to deliver his speech，________，he walked towards the
microphone.
A. nervously and embarrassingly
C. nervously and embarrassing
B. nervous and embarrassedly
D. nervous and embarrassed
【解析】该题考查形容词作状语。形容词一般作定语，但也可作状语。如：He lay in bed，
awake.再如：Her husband came back，drunk.
【答案】D
考向二 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1.＂as＋形容词＋(aa n)＋名词＋as＂表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自
所在的位置。
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
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2.＂as＋形容词副词的原级＋as＂与＂not asso＋形容词副词的原级＋as＂表示同级比
较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。
The work is not asso difficult as you imagine.
这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。
3.＂the＋比较级＋of the two ＋名词＂表示＂两者中较??的那个＂。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
4.a＋形容词比较级＋n.??
After two years’ research，we have a far better understanding of the disease.
研究两年之后，现在我们对这种病有更好的理解。
We went to the USA in search of a better life.
为了寻找更美好的生活我们去了美国。
5.比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather，muc h，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，
a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit 等。
The students study even harder than before.
学生们学习比以前更努力了。
A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.
汽车比自行车跑得快得多。
6.最高级
(1)最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，
not quite，nothing like。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.
目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera.
我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
(2)否定词＋比较级＝最高级。
There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?
——你对他在会议上说的满意吗？
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—No. It couldn’t have been worse.
——不，不能再差了。

1. （2017·江苏卷·任务型阅读）The birth rate in the 21st century may be much (71)______
than it was in the 20th.
【答案】lower
【解析】根据＂declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st＂可知，21
世纪的出生率比20世纪低，且much evenfara lot a little等修饰比较级，故填lower。
2. （2017·新课标I卷·语法填空）As 65（a） result, people will eat more food
to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of
fast food that people eat goes up.
【答案】worse
【解析】考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。
3. Believe it or not，swimming is________as any to lose unwanted weight.
A. a way as good
C. as a way good






a good way
good a way
【解析】 考查固定短语。as...as表示＂和??一样＂，固定表达方式有＂as＋.
＋as＂＂as＋ad j.＋aan＋n.＋as＂等。
【答案】 D
4. —Do you think that the 11th Chinese National Games were a success?
—Yes，________！It couldn’t be ________.
A. relatively；better
C. absolutely；better


B. approximately；worse
D. fortunately；worse
【答案】 C
5. Of the two cameras，I would prefer ________one，which is very easy for me to carry.
A. a smaller
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B. the smallest

C. a small D. the smaller
【解析】考查形容词比较级。由of the two cameras 可知，总共有两台相机，其中 ＂小的
那台＂，应该用比较级smaller，同时又是＂确指＂的概念，所以用the smaller，选D项。
【答案】 D
【巧学妙记】
形容词和副词比较等级用法口诀
1. 比较级与最高级：两者比较than相连，三者比较the在前。
2. 同级比较：同级比较用原形，as... as永不离；
as... as加not，只言两者是同一，
若是not so... as，后强前弱不看齐。
【妙语诠释】 ①比较级通常和than连用，而最高级前通常有定冠词the；
②同级比较一般用as... as表示＂与??一样＂，这时谁强谁弱不能比
较出来，而not so... as则表示后者比前者强，翻译为＂不
如??＂。
【难点释疑】
比较级表示最高级含义
1. 比较级+than any other+可数名词单数
The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. 在中国，长江比其
他任何一条河流都长。
2. 比较级+than all(the) other+可数名词复数
China is larger than all the other Asian countries. 中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。
3. nonevernothing...+比较级
Nothing is more valuable than time. 时间比任何东西都珍贵。
4. ＂否定词+不定冠词+形 容词的比较级+名词＂或＂否定词+副词的比较级＂表示＂从
未??；未曾??＂
This film is very moving. I have never seen a better one. 这部电影很感人，我从
没有看过一部比它更好的。
考向三 倍数表达法
表示倍数的句型：
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(1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of＋B
(4)A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B
(5)A is＋倍数＋what 引导的名词性从句
①This building is three times higher than that one.
This building is three times as high as that one.
This building is three times the height of that one.
这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。Zxxk
②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.
＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.
今年的产量是2008年的三倍。
③After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced twice as many cars
in 2008 as the year before.
自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。

1. When you study the local map，you’ll find this town is________.
A. twice the size of that one
B. twice as a large town as that
C. twice as larger as that one
D. twice as larger a town as that
【答案】A
2. Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s，but it cost________his.
much twice as
B. twice as much as
C. much as twice as
twice much as
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【解析】倍数表达法是形容词比较等级中一 种很常用的比较级结构。不管用哪种比较级结构
来表示比较，表示倍数的词总是放在比较级结构的最前面 。
【答案】B
uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is
twice________expensive.

C. too






B. so
D. very
【解析】 考查倍数表达法。这里的倍数是 ＂twice＂，由expensive这一原级可知，这里使
用了＂as...as...＂这一比较 结构，在具体的语境中，后面的一个as以及后面的成分可以
承前省略，即这里expensive后面 省略了as ours。
【答案】A
考向四 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：
限定词→数词→描绘词→(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) →出处→材料性质→类别→名
词
a small round table
a tall gray building
a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school
an expensive Japanese sports car

Tony is going camping with ___________ boys.
A. little two other
C. two other little






B. two little other
D. little other two
【解析】由＂限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --性质-- 名词＂
的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。
【答案】C
【巧学妙记】
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多个形容词修饰一个名词的先后位置的口诀 ：
限定描绘大长高， 形状年龄和新老； 颜色国籍跟材料， 作用类别往后靠。
其中，＂限定词＂包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词， 它位于各类形容词前。
它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、 分数和倍数；中位限
定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于 基数词
前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。＂描绘＂ 性形容词如：beautiful、
bad、cold、great等。＂大长高＂表示大小、长短、高 低等一些词。表示＂形状＂的词如：
round square等。＂国籍＂指一个国家或地区的词。＂材料＂的词如：
wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。＂作用类别＂的词如：medical, college，
writing desk，police car等。

考向五 形容词、副词辨析
形容词副词的区别及用法
1. late 和later
He is late. He is half an hour late.
Three minutes later, he arrived.
2. pleased, pleasing与pleasant
（1）pleased的含义是“感到满意，高兴”，后常跟介词at, with。例如：
I'm pleased to see you here. 在这儿见到你很高兴。
他迟到了，迟到了半小时。
三分钟后，他来了。
She's pleased with our programme. 她对我们的节目很满意。
（2）pleasing表示“令人欣喜的”，相当于“giving pleasure”。例如：
My sister's progress in dancing is pleasing.
令人高兴。
The baby has a pleasing voice. 这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。
我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步
（3）pleasant表示“快乐的，愉快的”。例如：
The girl has a pleasant childhood. 这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。
To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite. 过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。
3. living, alive与live
（1）living作定语时，既可置于所修饰的名词之前，也可置于所修饰的 名词之后，译为
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活着的,当代的。在句中充当定语及表语。例如：
Not all living things live on sunlight.
存。
My grandparents are still living. 我的祖父母仍然健在。
并非所有的生物都依赖阳光生
（2）alive译为“活着的”，可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时， 位于它所修饰的
名词之后。例如：
He may be the busiest person alive.
Is that sheep dead or alive?


他可能是世上最忙的人了。
那头羊是死了还是活着？
（3）alive还有“活泼的，活动的，有生机的”之意。例如：
You seem very much alive today. 你今天看起来很活跃。
（4）live表示 “活着的”，做“现场直播”讲时可以用作形容词、副词，在句子中可
以作定语，表语。
The programme is programme is broadcast live.
现场直播的。
4. worth，worthy与worthwhile
（1）worth意为“值得的”，后接v-ing形式，构成“be worth doing”结构，也可
接表示价格的名词及钱数；
（2）worthy意为“值得的”，后接“of+名词（或being+过去分词）”，构成“be worthy
of+名词（或being done）”结构或“be worthy to be done”结构。
（3）be worthwhile to do sthdoing sth例如：
This coat is worth one hundred yuan. 这件上衣价值一百元。
这个问题值得讨论。
这个节目是
This problem is worthy of being discussed.
5. too、also、either
too和also用于肯定句、疑问句，too多用于口语，als o多用于书面语，either用于
否定句。Too常用在句末，also常用在句中。
Are they coming too ? 他们也来吗?
She is young and beautiful,and also rich. 她年轻漂亮,而且有钱。
He hasn’t finished it,either.
6. likely与possible, probable
likely 的主语可以是it也可以是名词或其它代词，而possible和probable只能用
9
他也还没有做完。

it作主语。

This strange grass never seen before seems ____to be a new plant.
A. likely









B. possibly
C. probably D. particularly
【答案】A
7. most 与mostly
most做形容词或代词，如：most students, most of us；mostly为副词，表示大部分情况
下，或成分中大部分。如：
考向六 几组难点句型详解
句型1：A is 倍数＋the sizelengthweightheight?of B．如：
The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.
新扩建的广场是前一个的四倍大。
句型2：A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对于B就如C对于D。”如：
Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals.
心脏对于动物。
句型3：can't be too＋adj. ＝ can't be＋adj.＋enough无论??都不为过，越??
越?? 如：
You can never be careful enough.＝ You can never be too careful.你无论怎么小
心都不为过。
句型4：too?to句型的两个意义
(1) 表示否定意义，意为“太??而不能”。如：
This question is too hard for me to understand.
难理解了。
(2) 表示肯定意义，意为“非常，很，极”。当too后面接easy，ready, eager, inclined,
willing, thankful, delighted等形容词时，to o表示“很，非常”之意，与very表达“很”
的意思相同。当too前有all, but, only等词时，形成only butall too?to do结构，
10
发动机对于机器就如
这个问题对我来说太

仍旧表达“非常，很，极”之意。如：
I’m too glad to hear that.

我对此感到非常高兴。

题组一 基础过关
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.—Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?
—Not at all. I can’t have a ________ (bad) one.
________ (disappoint) it was to have missed the train!
the two boys，Jim is the ________ (young) one，and he is also the one who loves
to be noisy.
years ago the population of our village was twice as ________ (large) as that
of theirs.
gh parents should take good care of their young children，they don’t
________ (necessary) do anything for them.
once taught in a remote village in Anhui Province as a volunteer，which
was ________ (access) only on foot.
is difficult to cross the desert by car，but not ________ (absolute) impossible.
8.—Did your boss help you with the vital task?
—No，he allocated each of us our jobs and then went out for something ________
(important).
that time I knew it had to be a significant day to them. Nothing could be ________
(good) if someone offered to help them.
are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit ________ (slowly)?

题组二 能力提升
I.单项填空
is said the young man is_______ to flee to foreign country because of the
campaign against him.
11

A. possible
likely
B. maybe C. probable D.
was _______ when he lost all his money. Luckily, a kind man helped him
generously.
A. desperate
cautious
. Black has made great achievements in science, but he remains _______ and never
talks about them.
A. silent B. modest C. calm D. active
B. optimistic C. eager D.
are no ______ proposals to reduce the road accidents. We are still seeking
inspiration.
A. contradictory
C. confidential










B. concrete
D. controversial
______ writers in the world, only a few will become famous later on in life,
and ______writer is Mo Yan, who has received the Nobel Prize for literature recently.
much; such a





B. many such; such one
many; such one many; one such
many countries, it is a______ practice to offer guests tea or coffee.
A. common B. ordinary C. normal D. regular
7.I have never heard such an _____story, which really makes me ___________.
A. interested; exciting
C. interesting; to excite






B. interesting; excited
D. interested; to excite
factory produced ______ in 2014 as the year before.
A. twice as many cars
C. twice more cars








B. cars twice as many
D. twice so many cars
I _______ all the experiences that I have had around the world since _______
Doctors without Borders, I feel that I have been very lucky to be able to help
others and do something ______.
A. think back to; joining in; worthy
B. think over; joining; worthwhile
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C. think back to; joining in; worthwhile
D. look back on; joining; worthwhile
lessons on Sundays put_______ pressure on students, who already have
________ homework.
A. many; much of
C. more; piles of
II.语篇填空
Some time ago，a friend of mine，who worked in a part of the city I didn't know
very __1__(good)，invited me to call on him. It took me hours to get there and I
took __2__ (greatly) trouble to find a proper spot to park my car. As I was already
three－quarters of an hour late，I parked my car __3__(quick).
At noon，just as I was leaving my friend's office，it __4__(sudden) struck me
that I had no idea where I had parked my car. I could __5__(hard) go up to a policeman
and tell him that I had lost a small green car somewhere! Walking down street after
street，I examined each car __6__(close) and was very happy to see a small green
car just behind an old car. But how __7__(disappoint) I was to discover that though
the car was __8__(exact) like my own, it belonged to someone else！Feeling quite
__9__(tire) now，I went off for lunch. Some time __10__(late)，I left the restaurant
and walked down the street. Turning the corner，I nearly jumped for joy: my car was
right in front of me, and there was no problem this time.

题组三 体验真题
1.（2016·上海卷B·语法填空）Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under,
the (35) ___________(good) your performance will be.
2.（2016·浙江卷·单项填空）I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and
I hope to attend ___________ in the coming years.
A. little more
D. many more
B. no more C. much more






B. more; many of


D. many; numbers of
3.（2016·江苏）His comprehensive surveys have provided the most
__________statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
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A. explicit
D. arbitrary
B. ambiguous C. original
4.（2016·浙江）In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________
examples.
A. specific
D. universal
B. permanent C. abstract
5.（2015·浙江）Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from,
understand that every bite put into our mouths was ________ alive.
A. steadily
D. permanently
B. instantly C. formerly
6.（2015·浙江）Listening is thus an active, not a________, behavior consisting of
hearing, understanding and remembering.
A. considerate B. sensitive
D. passive
C. reliable
7.（2015·四川）Little Tom sat ________watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
A. amaze
to amaze
8.（2015·四川）Andy is content with the toy. It is __________ he has ever got.
A. a better
D. the best
B. the better C. a best
B. amazing C. amazed D.
9.（2015·福建）It was________ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got
worried.
A. careless
D. generous
B. considerate C. patient
10.（2015·江苏）The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _______ review
of the case.
A. comprehensive B. complicated
crucial

C. conscious D.
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题组一基础过关
用所给词的适当形式填空


ointing r
arily
tely important ible
slowly
题组二能力提升
I.单项填空
1.D 【解析】考查形容词。句意：据说这个年轻人可能会因为反对他的活动而逃往外国。
be likely to do sth.是固定搭配，指“有可能做某事”；A、C两项作表语时，主
语不为人；mayb e是副词，“也许，可能”，“大概”，用法很简单，常用于句子开
头，有时后边紧接着加一逗号，与后 面的句子分开。表示一种可能性，可能发生某事
（可能是这样），或可能不发生某事（可能不是某种情况 ）。 故选D。
2.A 【解析】考查形容词。desperate“绝望的”；optimist ic“乐观的”；eager“急切
的”；cautious“谨慎的”。结合语境，他丢了所有的钱， 他感到绝望，故选A项。
3.B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：布莱克先生在科学上已经取得了 巨大的成就，但他
仍然很谦虚从不谈论它们。根据上文的“made great achievements”和下文“never
talks about them”可知，布莱克先生仍旧谦虚。A. silent沉默的；B. modest谦
虚的；C. calm镇静的；D. active积极的。故选B。

5.C 【解析】考查形容词副 词。句意：在世界上如此多的作家中，仅仅只有少数之后会变
得很著名，莫言就是像这样的一个，他最近 获得了诺贝尔文学奖。使用so many +可
数名词复数；数字+ such+名词。故选C。
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6.A 【解析】考查形容词。common“常见的” ；ordinary“普通的”；normal“正常的”；
regular“有规律的”。结合句意， 在许多国家，给客人上茶或咖啡是常见的惯例，
故选A项。
7.B 【解析】考查形容词辨 析。句意：我从没有听过这么有趣的故事，这真地让我兴奋。
修饰物用interesting“有趣的 ”；修饰人用excited“感到兴奋的”。故选B。
8.A 【解析】考查倍数的表达法。根 据句意“这家工厂在2014年生产汽车的数量是上一年
的两倍。”和倍数表达法的结构（即“??倍数 +as +manymuch+名词+as??”）可
知A项既符合句意又符合倍数表达法。故选A。
9.D 【解析】考查动词及形容词辨析。think back tolook back on回想过去，回忆起；
think over仔细考虑；join意为“参加（某组织），加入（某处 任职），参加到某
个人群中去，从而成为其中一员”；join in sth. doing sth.意为“参加”，后
面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或V-ing；wor thyworthwhile
有价值的，可以作表语、定语。根据选项分析可知，由第一空可排除B选项 ；根据
join与join in的区别可排除AC选项，第二空处意为“自从加入到医生群体中后”。
故选D。zx*xk
10.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：星期日额外的课程给本来已经有很多作业的
学生更多的压力。pressure意为“压力”时是不可数名词，所以排除A和D项，
homewor k是不可数名词，many of 后面接可数名词，piles of意为“一大堆的”，
后面可以接不可数名词，故C项正确。
II.语篇填空


y ointed

题组三体验真题
【解析】考查固定句式。＂The+比较级, the+比较级＂意为＂越??就
越??＂。本句句意： 你承受的压力越大，你的表现就会越好。所以本空使用good的
比较级形式better。
y
y ly
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4.A 【解析】句意：在文章中，你需要用具体的例子来支持总的观点。specific 具体，明
确的；permanen永久的；abstract抽象的；universal全球的，共通 的。故选A。
5.C【解析】句意：就算我们很少了解食物来自于哪里，我们大多数人都明白，放在我 们的
口里的每一点食物在之前都是活生生的生命。steadily稳定地； instantly立即地；
formerly以前，从前； permanently永久地。根据句 意及常识不能得出答案，在吃入
口中之前的都是活着的。故选C。zx&xk
6.D 【解析 】句意：因此听是一种主动的，而不是被动的行为。它包含听，理解和记忆。
considerate考 虑周全的；sensitive敏感的；reliable可靠的；passive被动的。根
据not 可以知道前后是反义表达，所以选D。
7.C 【解析】本句考查形容词作状语。本句考查形容词作 伴随状语，句意：小Tom坐在那儿
看着小猴子在他面前跳舞，很吃惊。主要考查B、C之间的区别，选 项B意为：令人吃
惊的，常修饰物；而选项C意为：感到吃惊的，常修饰人。根据句意可知选C。
8.D 【解析】考查形容词的级。根据上一句话可知，Andy对这个玩具很满意，故选择D。句意：这是他曾得到的最好的玩具。
9.B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。careless不小心的； considerate体贴的； patient有耐
心的； generous慷慨的。句意：麦克真是体贴，他通知我们他会迟点来以防我们着
急。故选B。
10.A 【解析】句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。A项＂综合的，全面
的，有理解力的＂；B项＂复杂的＂；C项＂有意识的＂；D项＂至关重要的＂。故选A
项。


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