天搞定考研英语翻译考研翻译教学奇才云立宏全程笔记

法国有位化学家曾说过: 人如果不能把平生所学全部推翻，这个人就等于什么都没有学到； < br>《考研英语翻译高分新思维》，就是用最回归本质的方式，颠覆考生对于考研英语的传
统错误理解 ，让考生能够像英语国家人一样自由的输入和输出英语。
本课程，提升的不仅仅是翻译。翻译前对于文 章观点的快速把握能帮你
打通阅读理解的文章关；理解英语国家人民是如何简单快速的输出英语能让你的写作流畅自如。

考研学生都会有这样一个问题：
需要考取多少分才能达到理想学校的要求 ？
换算到我们翻译部分应该得多少分呢？

? 想考211大学，英语一翻译需要5分以上，英语二翻译需要11以上；
? 想考985大学，英语一翻译需要6分以上，英语二翻译需要12分以上；
? 想考北大、复旦等一流大学，英语一翻译需要7分以上，英语二翻译需要13分以
上。
而历年 的英语一翻译平均成绩只有不到4分，英语二的平均分不到10分，也就是说，
一大半的考生都要倒在翻 译上。

有考生说翻译难：翻译不像阅读、完形，不会做你可以猜，时间不够可以蒙。
也有考生说翻译容易：
（1）输出的是汉语；
（2）要求不高：考研翻译要求（6个字）“ 准确、完整、通顺 ” ；而不是 “ 信、 达、
雅 ”。

为什么最容易提分的板块，得分情况却最不尽如人意？

?
一．范例
因为大多数考生从来没有真正弄懂英语的语言规律, 学习英语的方法还是大学之前的
老一套： 整日重复做着繁琐又枯燥却毫无价值的语言结构分析。其实， 只要方法科学有效，
所有考生都可以完全掌握好英语，甚至将英语变成自己的专长。所以，本期翻译课程 ，之所
以称为“高分新思维”，就是因为不会采取传统的讲授方法，没有死板的学术套路，不会为考生列举机械的条条框框，不会寄希望考生课后大量艰苦的练习，结果考分还不尽如人意。

《考研英语翻译高分新思维》 将直击制约考研学子取得翻译高分过程中最核心的问题
——
英语语言规律
，让考生在最短的时间内打通考研翻译的认识障碍，迅速达到理想
的分数。

授课理念
1. 授课初衷：
长年来我一直痛心考生英语学习，备考方法不仅 错误，缺乏效率，而且只会最终走入死
胡同，逐渐丧失对英语的兴趣；思维单一，机械，缺乏灵活性，创 造性；
希望本期课程能彻底改变考生看待，处理翻译乃至学习英语的方法，真正做到事半功倍，
学以致用

3. 授课原则：
考研英语都是长句翻译，但要游刃有余地处理好长句，首先要求考生能充分驾驭简短的
句子，打好基础 ---任何复杂事物背后都存在着简单的本质规律；
从根本上认识到英语的语言规律，与汉语的不同。只有这样方能快速有效地应对好考研
英语。

1. Ships from every nation are in port and strange languages can be heard in the streets.
2. His father is a humorous person.
3. Life is measured by thought and action, not by time.
4. Most commonly, we come to books with blurred and divided minds.
5. Men are kind in one way but evil in many.
6. The outcome of the secret war between downloading and uploading will shape our
collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine. (12年真题)
7. Last night, I passed several hours in tormenting sleeplessness.
二．看待英语句子的新方法：
? 先主后次；
? 学会区别事实与观点；
? 不要做无用的语法分析
三．中文的句法结构：
ＴＣ（话题＋评论）

四．如何在ＳＶＯ和ＴＣ之间自如转换？三部曲：
１．找出说话重点即观点（Ｆｏｃｕｓ）；
３． 打破ＳＶＯ结构，形成ＴＣ模式；
３．将评论之外的剩余成分压缩为名词性话题，或表达成其它状语成分。

? 课后练习题
1. The students welcomed him.
2. Their policy was that natives should man the frontline.
3. We need to learn not to create conflict-free relationships but to engage in conflicts
with effective strategies.
4. Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within
control.(05年真题)
5. The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population. (06年真题)
6. Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be
able to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. (05年真题)
7. At the beginning of century, songbirds were supposed to be disappearing.
Scientists jumped to the rescue with distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects

would eat us up if birds failed to control them.
第二讲 进一步认识SVO与TC的本质差异
? 心理测试



? 测试结果说明
英美人和中国人的语言心理规律有根本不同：
英美人对主语更敏感，而中国人脑海中话题更重要。
? 测试结果运用
范例：
1. My aunt lived in a leisurely age when servants were employed to do the
housework.
2. Man has infinite desires which can never be gratified and which will keep him
restless even in paradise.
3. The bazaar which I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic- arched
gateway of aged brick and stone.

? 课后练习题
1. Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees
that represent more than 2,000 languages. Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of
language change that are independent of the family trees or the pathway tracked through
it, whereas Greenbergian universality should predict strong codependencies between
particular types of word-order relations. (12年翻译真题)
2. When Zhou Enlai’s door opened, they saw a slender man of more than average
height with gleaming eyes and a face so striking that it bordered on the beautiful.

? 英语组织语句的四种连接手段
说明：
这四种手段的运用是英语语句地道，规范的精髓所在。 但恰恰是这些手段的存在往往禁
锢住了考生的思维，导致考生对英语原文亦步亦趋，机械对应，结果可想 而知：翻译出的中
文不通不顺，甚至让人不忍卒读。这样的译文怎么可能取得高分？

1. 动词
2. 介词
3. 英语的各种自有语法手段
4. 逻辑联系词
说明：这四种手段是按照在英语组句过程中使用的频率由高至低排列的；换句话说，
写英语句子时，信息片段的连接手段选择的顺序是：
先考虑高频使用的，再考虑使用频率低的。
这一点尤其重要！

? 范例分析
1. 动词的连接作用及其对翻译，写作的影响
例证：
A. 手术，病人，健康。
B. the city, an excellent location
C. 中国自然资源丰富。
D. China owes its success in bidding for the World Exposition, 2010 to the support
from the international community.
E. But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an
ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special
responsibilities of the news media.
F. Sometimes, people would throw him a pebble and got a shower of stones and

abuses.

2. 介词的连接作用及对翻译，写作的影响
例证：
A. 反思英语学习的过程
B. 回顾周恩来的例子
C. It was agreed that the lawyer should spend 15 years in confinement under the
strictest supervision in one of the lodges at the banker’s garden.
D. 该公司的产品，质优，价廉，服务周到。
E. 我们商定，我教他英语，而他则让我用他的钢琴。
3.英语的各种自有语法手段
包括分词，定语从句，特殊句型等。
例证：
A. A dog we know is better company than a person whose language we don’t
understand.
B. The memory of old friends is as much a comfort to us as wine, when too old, is to
the palate.
C. In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to
be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry
out their work. (12年真题)
D. In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who don’t have a clear grasp of the basic
features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories. (07年真
题)
E. But his (a scientist) primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs
his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an
exploration of rules of conduct in business.

4.逻辑联系词
说明：一个原本独立的句子，经逻辑联系词 引导后，便化为细节成分，只能接在独立

的句子上，成为从句；从功能上讲，这一成分是 为独立句子提供背景，细节信息或补充后续
评价而用，使独立句子的思想表达更加完整。
另， 逻辑联系词也是考研英语真题文章中常见的连接手段，是文章思想性更强，文体更
正式的一个重要原因。
处理方法：
1. 首先考虑省略
2. 一种常见策略:
主句+逻辑联系词+从句 的英语组句模式
根据从句的功能（增加背景，细节信息或补充评价内容）分两种方式处理：
A. 多数情况下，英语从句增加背景，细节信息；
可处理为：从句+逻辑联系词+主句，因为这时的大意在主句；
B. 有时，从句补充评价内容；
可处理为：主句在前，从句在后，因为这时从句为观点性信息。
总之，我们的思路要统一：中文行文一般遵守 先客观事实，后主观观点。

例证：
1. I have excluded him (the average scientist) because, while his accomplishments
may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of
approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. (06年真题)
2. I gave all these background information because I don’t think that one can assess
a writer’s motive without knowing anything about his early developments.
3. When you are not willing to share your good fortune with others, you shall not
expect them to be with you when in trouble.

? SVO精解
说明：主谓宾是英语表达思想的首选结构。然而我们发现，中国人对这一法则的认识，使用却和英美人不一致；换句话说，中国人对这一天天打交道的语法缺乏正确的认识，因此
也就无法 驾驭。

? 主谓宾背后的三个核心认识问题
一. 牛顿运动定律
1. 主语的含义：发出力
宾语的含义：接收力
力通过谓语动词传递
例证：
A. 老师表扬了该学生。
B. 他把玻璃打碎了。
但如下的普遍存在的汉语语句便无法直接用主谓宾来分析，如：
A. 合资企业的活动必须遵守中国的相关法律和法规。
B. 成功不是贪恋物质享受；不是牺牲健康换取财富。
2. 考生认识上的空白：
主语的另一含义：施加影响，产生变化，带来益处；
宾语的另一含义：接受影响，发生变化，得到益处；
说明：正是由于主谓宾的这一内在含义， 加之主谓宾，如前面指出的，又是英语表达
思想的首要方式，所以无论什么英语考试（当然也包括考研） ，文章都体现为思想性强，文
风正式的特点；而这种严肃的英语也恰恰是要求考生必须能熟读，能写出的 英语。

例证：
1. 看到这封情书，他不由想起了三年前分手的女友。
2. 地震海啸过后，日本百姓连起码的生活必需品都没有。

3. 中国的老百姓要重新来认识健康问题，要消除对疾病的恐惧。
4. He (Darwin) points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing
himself clearly and concisely, but he believes that this very difficulty may have had the
compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence,
and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. (08年翻
译真题)
5. And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifths formula
handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the
votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. (08年真题)

? 课后练习题
1. To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how
complex cultural behaviour arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms. (12
年真题)
2. As a discovery claim works its way through the community, the interaction and
confrontation between shared and competing beliefs about the science and technology
involved transforms an individual’s discovery claim into the community’s credible
discovery. (12年真题)
3. 甲方若有任何企图违约的行为，乙方将不承担支付货款的义务。

二. 主语的选择问题
说明：前面我们已经通过心理测试证明中国人脑海中对话题更敏感，也 就是说我们缺
乏对主语的认识，更不用说运用好主语了。由于考生总是误把话题当主语，造出的英语句子
其实反映出的还是考生的母语思维习惯；另一方面，许多英语句子由于并非以话题起句，翻
译成 汉语时，如不做相应的转化，很难翻译成通顺，地道的中文。

? 主语选择的四大原则
1. 主语的最佳来源是文章或段落的谈论主题

例证：
A. 许多人都不明白成功究竟为何物？
B. 每年，数十万游客来长城游览。
C. 来到中东集市就好像回到了千百年前。
D. 世界五百强企业中，有许多都云集在深圳。
2. 主语可以变化，但最好来自上文的已知信息，以保证上下文的衔接，使文章环环相
扣
例证：
A. 所谓智慧，就是尽可能地摆脱个人的偏见。然而即使许多专家也不一定具备我所说
的这种智慧。
B. 秦岭山区生物种类多样。许多濒临灭绝的动物都栖息在这里。
C. True eccentrics never deliberately draw attention to themselves. They disregard
social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.
This invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add color to the dull
routine of everyday life.

? 核心语言知识点
意义表达的两种方式：综合表达法与分析表达法
例证：
A. It is merely a hypothesis so far and of my own.
B. 许多大学毕业生虽然拿了学位，却不胜任工作。

3. 心理主语
说明：首先考生要区别一点：这里的心理主语指的并不是中国人意识中最重要 的话题，
不可回到误把话题当主语的错误思维上去。
其次，由于写作过程中，原作者的心理状 态会非常复杂，这里的心理主语，考生不可机
械理解，而应用心体会。
例证：

A. 她坐在那里，泪流满面。
B. 老师一把这个话题抛出，全班同学便展开了激烈的讨论。
C. 真想不到公司竟然会派他出国！
D. Your imagination is all you need to restore the ancient city back to life.

4. 把主语的选择和主谓宾的组建联系起来
说明：
这一点，在考研英语阅读及翻译中体现的特别 明显：由于文章全都是正式书面文体，无
数文中的语句基本都以对考生来说抽象的主谓宾模式构建，需要 考生充分认识到英汉表达习
惯的根本不同，逐渐习惯阅读这种风格的英文。

例证：
罗素注重逻辑分析，这一主张深深影响了整个二十世纪的哲学进程。
Russel’s emphasis on logical analysis influenced the whole course of the
20th-century philosophy.

三. SVO不能用来只勾勒孤立的事实
说明：前面我已经指出，优秀的语句在英语中必须包 括两部分内容：事实和观点。没
有观点的事实是废话，单独存在是没有交际价值的。因此英语造句需想方 设法将事实与观点
统一在一个句子之内。然而中文却恰恰相反，TC结构本身就说明，中文的事实与观点 是可
以分开单独表达的。这就对考生提出了调整思维的要求。

例证：
1. 他喝醉了酒，车又开得飞快，差点送了命。
2. 年轻的时候，他只热爱体育，不关心学习，如今便因此而吃了大亏。
3. 中国成功申办了08年奥运会，举国欢庆。
4. 过去三十年间，中国开展了史无先例的经济改革，数百万中国人民脱贫致富。

? 阶段性小结及巩固
我们已经为各位考生详细讲解了理解，翻译英语简单句 的新思维；怎样把汉语的简单句
转化为地道英语的方式；还探讨了英语的四大类组句连接手段和英语核心 语法SVO的学习
奥秘。为了让各位考生能彻底吃透，消化并能灵活地把前几讲的思路综合起来使用，特 设本
讲，用更多例句帮助考生内化已接触到的知识点。

? 综合范例演练：
以下范例会涉及到本期课程已讲解过的一个或多个知识点
1. Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed
--- and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and
nations as in the recent events in Europe.(05年翻译真题)
2. I shall define him (an intellectual) as an individual who has elected as his primary
duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems.
(06年翻译真题)
3. Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions
which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and
demands a stragetic choice--- that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.(05年翻译
真题)
4. Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions (universities) as
the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual
equipment of an educated person. (07年翻译真题)
5. While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for
journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. (07
年翻译真题)
6. Several product quality scandals this year---from fields as diverse as food industry,
manufacturing industry and even estate industry---have left governors and managers
hurriedly peering into their intricate production processes in search of potential
vulnerabilities.(07年考研真题)
7. Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and

compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem
threatens to earn them---especially in America---the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably
lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data security. (07年真题)
8. Within the complex structure of the scientific community, researchers make
discoveries, editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication
process; other scientists use the new findings to suit their own purposes and finally, the
public (including other scientists) receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying
technology. （12年真题）

? 怎样写出地道的英语句子？
说明：本讲虽然与考生的翻译考试不直接相关，但我认为是考生必须掌握的 关键知识
点；对考生从根本上弄清英汉组句的差异，尤其对英语写作有重大启发。
例句回顾：
Ships from every nation are in port and strange languages can be heard in the
streets.
港口停泊的船只来自四面八方；
街头听到的语言可谓五花八门。

考生根据自己的语法知识造出的句子一般为：
Ships that are in port are from every nation and the languages that can be heard in
the streets are strange.

汉语单句转换为地道英语的过程
1. 概率
2. 中文单句的潜在组织规律
3. 回顾主语的选择思路

例证
1. 黑龙江省的气候最适合耕种。
2. 明年，该厂的中型卡车生产量将达到十万辆。
3.作者开篇指出了科学与伪科学的区别。
4.抗生素的滥用正在危及人们的健康。
5.合资企业的活动必须遵守中国的相关法律和法规。

? 英语句子中的逻辑问题
说明：造句子，不管在英语还是汉语中，可以理解为建立词与词， 或信息片段与信息
片段之间的某种关系。然而关系却可以分为两种：结构关系语法关系和逻辑关系意义关 系；
也就是传统上所说的形合与意合。这对矛盾，考生必须能够应对；否则译文也会不通不顺，
或根本无法达意，出现翻译不到位的问题。

例证
1. Opening the case, I saw the polished glow of a beautiful violin.
2. 允许战俘写信，但信要经过审查。
3. College education was beyond the dream of those students. It was costly and
demanding
4. As he sat in his easy chair, I would fumble through “Lady of Spain”.
5. The idle rich suffer from unspeakable boredom as a price to pay for their freedom
from drudgery.
6. A young widow with three kids determined to invest her insurance settlement in
college education for herself.
7. Cultural differences which are out of awareness, are, consequently, misunderstood
as unskillfulness, ill manner or lack of interest on the part of the other side.
8. In the courtyard, camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while big bales of
merchandise that they carried hundreds of miles across the desert lie beside them.
9. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among throngs of
people entering and leaving the bazaar.

? 中文行文遵守的几个常见逻辑顺序
1. 时间先后
2. 先客观后主观
3. 大管小

? 课后练习题
1. Over the past three centuries, England alone must have produced scores of
Newtons who never learnt to read and hundreds of Darwins, Daltons and Bacons, who
died, stunted in hovels without an opportunity to display their qualities.
2. A “reason” has been found for producing zillions of packages of something, more or
less resembling cheese, which nearly works for all and which is not imagined to be
superlatively good by a single soul.
3. It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land
community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. (10
年翻译真题)
4. In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree
species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as
such, within reason. (10年翻译真题)
5. Producing programs in Europe for Europe entails reducing our dependence on the
North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions
which are different from our own. (05翻译真题)
? 英语长句的翻译
说明：首先，要指出，长句的概念并不准确：考生可以发现，在讲解简单 句翻译新思
维时许多句子其实已经很长。
这里我要指出，句子的长短并非是选择或改变翻译策 略的决定因素，而是从今天开始，
大家要处理的句子和以前有一个根本不同：

? 差异分析
Ships from every nation are in port.
Lazy children are not to blame
when their parents brought them up to be idle.

? 英语造句的统一思路:

由近及远
及右分支结构
考生必须理解，记住并自觉遵守的英语造句思路：
Compared to information that’s already in the context or that has been mentioned
previously, English speakers tend to place newly introduced information LATER in the
sentence.

? 英语造句规律的第二种解析
信息可以分为三种：






backgroun

d

information

? 第三种解析
倒金字塔句序

informati
on
currently-foc
used
information
newly-intro
duced
information

例证分析
1. Majestic mountains were created millions of years ago by volcanic activities that
thrust small islands 3 miles above the sea floor.
2. You round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes as burnished copper
catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers.
3. A tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather bellows worked by
a string attached to his big toe.
4. But his (a scientist’s) primary task is not to think about the moral code which
governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to
an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (06年翻译真题)
5. His (an intellectual’s) function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept
the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning
which led him to his decisions. (06年翻译真题)
6. On the other hand, he didn’t accept as well founded the charge made by some of
his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.
7. 19 59年我们离开了中国。此后中国连续三年遭受了自然灾害。在国内了解到这方面
消息时，我们的心情颇 为沉重。
8. The era of open discrimination ended in the 1960’s through the courageous actions
of thousands of black people participating in peaceful demonstrations to force the
southern states to implement the Federal law of desegregation at schools and public
places.
9. 辽沈战役持续了52天，共歼敌472000人。自此，中国人民解放军从人数上超越了
国民党，成为中国革命史上的另一个转折点。
10. It is a curious fact for which I can offer no satisfactory explanation that love of
natural sceneries and enthusiasm about country life is the strongest and the most widely
diffusive precisely in those European countries which have the worst climates and where
the search for the picturesque involves the greatest discomfort.
11. There is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone to a lot of trouble
and expenses than to have the guest so interested in talking business or politics with her

husband that he fails to notice the flavor of her coffee, the lightness of her cake and the
attractiveness of her house, which may be her chief interest and pride.



? 空间搭架
1. 回顾骆驼的例子。
2. 出差。
3. 长城。

? 课后练习题
1. Today’s families have been budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck
status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial
setback---a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary
earner got laid off or fell sick. This “added-worker effect” could support the safety net
offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help fmilies weather bad
times. (07年真题)
2. Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in
America, disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier
by America’s Federal Trade Commission that put corporate America on notice that
regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.(07年真题)
3. China’s aging problem has been surfacing since 1998, when the population at the age
of 60 and above totalled 120 million, which was about 9% of the country’s total population.

? 逻辑思辨能力训练 < br>说明：思想在脑海中是以星云状态存在的，并非以有序的语言方式存在。那么有序易
懂的语言是如 何产出的呢？需要借助作者或说话人的逻辑思辨。

? 逻辑语义图

? 语义图的启示
1. 思想需要经过逻辑切分方能形成所有读者都能理解的语法结构；
2. 英汉反应语义图的语法机制根本不同。


例证分析
1. 大学生要博览群书，增长知识。
2. 赢以创新，合致久远。
3. 温家宝总理敦促当地官员，要采取有效措施，减轻农民负担，提高农民收入，增强
农民积极性。
4. 中国经济的发展，不仅造福中国百姓，也为世界各国提供了更多的投资机遇和更广
阔的市 场，正在推动亚太和世界经济的发展。
? 考生的宏观语篇意识
1. 信息单位关系的换算
2. 衔接
这种意识，对于考生的阅读，写作和翻译，毋庸置疑，具有根本性的影响作用。

? 信息单位关系的换算
1. 长江，被誉为世界上的黄金水道。
京广铁路，是中国的交通大动脉。
在这两者交汇的地方，矗立着一座名城—武汉。
2. 维苏威火山海拔高达1800米。古罗马最繁华的城市，庞贝就矗立着它的南面。
3. 如今能源十分紧张。核电站没有污染，成本又低，能提供大量的能源。然而许多人
担心核的安全性，对核 电站持反对态度。
4. In a company I studied, the first 12 women to go to work among its 400 male staff
immediately set the rumour mill in motion.
5. By common consent, the tripartite functions of higher learning in most societies are
those of education, research and service. However, today’s academia, which has little
difficulty in perceiving its obligations with respect to the first two, does not look the issue of

service in the same way. Indeed, it often sees it as a distraction.
6.
A. Pat Taylor strode into the room. The room was packed. He greeted students called
“Taylor’s kids”. He nodded to their parents and teachers.
B. This was a wealthy Louisana oilman. He had promised his “kids” free college
educations. He was determined to make higher education available to all qualified but
disadvantaged students.
C. The students welcomed Taylor. Their voices joined in singing. They sang “You Are
the Wind beneath My Wings.” Their faces beamed with hope. Their eyes flashed with
self-confidence.
D. The students had thought a college education was beyond their dreams. It seemed
too costly. It seemed too demanding.
E. Taylor had to ease the costs and the demands of getting to college. He created a
bold plan. The plan consisted of scholarships, tutoring, and counseling.

? 衔接：信息之间的过度联系
说明：英语句子的造 句总原则为由近及远，这已经和汉语存在着语序相反的情形。然
而如果把衔接问题考虑进来的话，翻译的 过程就会变得复更加杂起来。
1. We approach productive management (of conflicts) by examining some of the
insights provided by Georage Bach and Peter Wylie in their influential Intimate Enemy.
Their simple but powerful guides go a long way towards making our conflicts more
productive.
2. In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful,
groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing
houses that work in relation to one another. One Italian example would be the Berlosconi
group. (05年真题)
3. Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be
able to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. This alone demonstrates that
the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics

that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in
1989.
4. Politicians have repeatedly “backloaded” public-sector pay deals, keeping the
pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already
generous.（12年真题）
5. There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to
awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the
National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the white House, to tell us that the Earth’s
atmophere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. (05年真题)