主的成语-黄栌
第一篇翻译：样卷 剪纸
剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统
民间艺术形式之一。中国剪
纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and
Qing Dynasties）
特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪
纸被用来
装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴
旺。中
国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
Paper cutting is
one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts.
Chinese paper
cutting has a history of more
than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly
during
the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People
often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.
During the Spring Festival and wedding
celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are
used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in
order to enhance the joyous
atmosphere. The
color most frequently used in paper cutting is
red, which symbolizes
health and prosperity.
Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the
world and it is
often given as a present to
foreign friends.
第二篇翻译：中秋节
12
人们在农历八月十
五日庆祝中国的传统节日——中秋节。几千年来，中国
人喜欢将人的悲欢离合与月亮的阴晴圆缺联系起来
。
3
因为满月是圆的，象征着
团圆，中秋节也被称为团圆节。
4
所有
家庭成员会尽力团聚在这特殊的日子里，
而那些不能回家的人则观望明月，以寄思念。
5
此外，月宫里美丽的仙女嫦娥的
神话故事也赋予了这一丰收节日的神话色彩(mythologica
l flavor)。
参考译文：
1
Mid-Autumn Festival,
one of Chinese traditional festivals, is
celebrated on the
15th day of the 8th month of
the lunar calendar.
2
For thousands of
years, Chinese
people like to relate joy and
sorrow, parting and reunion to changes of the moon
(as it
waxes and wanes).
3
Since the
full moon is round, which symbolizes reunion, the
Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as the
festival of reunion.
4
All family members
try to get together on this special day, while
those who can not return home try to
watch the
bright moonlight to sendexpress their longing for
their loved ones.
5
In
addition, this
harvest festival is also given a mythological
flavor with legends of
Chang-E, the beautiful
fairy in the moon.
该篇材料涉及中国的传统文化——中
秋节庆祝的内容，主要考察对于文化词
汇的理解与灵活翻译运用能力，诸如“农历”、“悲欢离合”、“
阴晴圆缺”、
“团圆”、“仙女嫦娥”等。
第一句应译为含有被动语态的简单句，同时，注意
“农历八月十五日”的灵
活表达。当主句的主语是泛指人称代词，且语境并不强调动作的发出者时，宜采
用被动语态进行翻译，语体更加正式，其更符合英文的表达习惯。“农历八月十
五日”可以表达
为“the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar
calendar 15th,
August of the lunar calendar
”；“中秋节”可译为“Mid-Autumn
Festival”，该
词已广为理解和接受，亦可音译为“Zhong Qiu
Jie”，以保留中国文化特色词语。
第二句的翻译主要考查“悲欢离合”、“阴晴圆缺”、“联系”
这三个词的
语义选择。“悲欢离合”即为“悲伤，欢乐，离别，重逢”，应采用名词形式，
其中
，“离别”可译为“partingdeparturefarewell”等。“阴晴圆缺”应译为习
语“the moon waxes and wanes”，亦可简单译为“the
changes of the moon”，就
能较准确地表达句意。“联系”可译为“relate
A to B connect A towith B
associate A with
B”等。
第三句应译为带有原因状语从句的复合句，主要考查非限定性定语从句的运
用以及“团圆”的语义选择。“象征着团圆”这个分句可译成非限定性定语从
句，对“满月”的
信息进行补充说明；亦可译为原因状语从句的谓语部分，如
“Since the full moon
is round and symbolizes reunion”。“团圆”这个词具有一定
的文
化色彩，译文中较难既保留“圆”的形象又表达“圆满团聚”的意义，这
里换一种说法，译成“reun
ionbeing together”即可。主句中的“也被称为”可译
为“…is also
known as…”。
第四句的翻译主要考查连接词“while”以及不定式作目的状语
的用法。根
据语境，前后句意表明的是不同情况下的对比，没有强烈的转折关系，所以应用
“w
hile”，而不用“but howeverwhereas”等连接词。“以寄思念”为目的状语，
宜用动词的不定式进行翻译，可译为“to sendexpress their longing for
their loved
ones”，或“to comfort their
homesickness”，或简单地译为“to miss their
home”。
第五句可译为简单句，主要考察被动语态的灵活运用以及“赋予”、“月
宫”、“仙女”的语义选择。根
据语境，该段主要描述中秋节的风俗习惯，前面
已有两句采用“中秋节”为主语，为了使上下文更好地衔
接或更连贯，此句仍以
“中秋节”为主语，并采用被动语态进行翻译；当然，采用主动语态翻译也是可<
br>以接受的。“赋予”可译成“A be given sth. bywith B A be
endowed with sth. by
B”；“月宫”即为“the
moon”；“仙女”译为“fairy”。
第三篇翻译： 舞龙舞狮
中国是舞龙舞狮的起源地。自问世以来，舞龙、舞狮运动一直受到各个民族人民
的喜爱，代代相传，长
久不衰，并因此形成了灿烂的舞龙舞狮文化。长期以来，
很多青年朋友都以为龙舞、狮舞就是春节、庙会
、庆典时的喜庆表演，殊不知它
历经了几千年的传承流变，积淀了深厚的历史文化，是祖先留给我们的极
其宝贵
的文化遗产。 核心词提示： 舞龙：the Dragon Dance
舞狮：Lion Dance 春
节：Spring Festival 庙会：Spring
Festival fairs
China is the original
place of the Dragon Dance and Lion Dance. Since
the birth of
them, they've always been favored
by every ethnic group, which was passed on from
generation to generation, long lasting without
stops, and thus a prosperous culture of
Dragon
Dance and Lion Dance was gradually formed. Lots of
people reckoned that
such shows are certain
shows at happy occasions such as Spring Festival
and Spring
Festival fairs and celebrations.
However, they failed to realize that the Dances
had
passed through thousands of years, which
contributed greatly to its profound history
and culture, and they're precious cultural
heritage left by our ancestors.
第四篇翻译：旗袍
旗袍，是中国女性的传统服装，源于中国满族女性的传统服装。因为满族人被称
为“旗人”，所
以满族人的长袍被称为“旗袍”。到了20世纪20年代，受西方服
饰的影响，经过改进
之后的旗袍逐渐在广大妇女中流行起来。在中国，很多女性
都喜欢穿旗袍。结婚的时候，新娘不仅要订做
一件中式旗袍作为结婚礼服，还
要穿着漂亮的旗袍照一套婚纱照，作为永久的纪念。对于中国的女明星
们而言，
旗袍也成为她们参加各种重要活动的首选礼服。
核心词提示：
旗袍：Cheongsam [?t??:??s?m]
满族：Manchu
旗人：banner man
Chinese New Year is
the most important traditional Chinese holiday. In
China, it is
also known as the Spring
Festival. New Year celebrations run from Chinese
New
Year’s Eve, the last day of the last month
of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival
on the 15th day of the first month. Customs
and traditions concerning the celebration
of
the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to
place. However, New Year’s Eve
is usually an
occasion for Chinese families to gather for the
annual reunion dinner. It
is also traditional
for every family to thoroughly clean the house in
order to sweep
away ill fortune and to bring
in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red
couplets with themes of health, wealth and
good luck. Other activities include lighting
firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes,
and visiting relatives and friends.
第五篇翻译：新年
中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日,在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动
从除
夕开始一直延续到元宵节(the Lantern Festival),即从农历(lunar
calendar)
最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异,但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚,一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运、迎好
运,家家户户都会
进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联(couplets),对联
的主题为健康、发财和好运。
其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。
Chinese New Year
is the most important traditional Chinese holiday.
In China,
itis also known as the Spring
Festival. New Year celebrations run from Chinese
NewYear’s Eve, the last day of the last month
of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern
Festivalon the 15th day of the first month.
Customs and traditions concerning the
celebrationof the Chinese New Year vary widely
from place to place. However, New
Year’s Eveis
usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather
for the annual reunion
dinner. Itis also
traditional for every family to thoroughly clean
the house in order to
sweepaway ill fortune
and to bring in good luck. And doors will be
decorated with
redcouplets with themes of
health, wealth and good luck. Other activities
include
lightingfirecrackers, giving money in
red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.