新视野大学英语第一册课后翻译答案

记录的大量新的地理信息得到了广泛使用。在他去世后的这几个世纪
里，马可?波罗获得 了他在有生之年未曾获得的赞誉。马可?波罗的故
事鼓舞了其他无数的探险者去踏上征程，发现世界。 原文：
郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家（maritime explorer）。公元
1405 年，明朝的统治者为了稳固边防（border defense）和开展海上
贸易，派郑和下西洋（the Western Seas）。在此后的28 年里，郑和
带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有10 多万人，访问了30 多个国
家和地区。船队纵横南亚、西亚，一直到非洲大陆。郑和下西洋是世
界航海（navigation）史上的壮举，它展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织
才能，同时展现了明朝 的国力和国威（national strength and prestige），
加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。 翻译：
Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese history. In 1
405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the
Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade b
y sea. In the following 28 years, Zheng He led his fleet, made seven voyag
es to the Western Seas with over 100,000 crew members in total, and vis
ited more than 30 countries and regions. The fleet traveled far into South
Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of Africa. Zhe
ng He's voyages to the Western Seas were a great feat in the world's navi
gation history. It showed Zheng He's outstanding navigation and organiza
tion talents; meanwhile, it exhibited the national strength and prestige of
the Ming Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships between the Ming

Dynasty and the overseas countries.
Unit 5
原文：
The first written records of the ancient Olympic Games date to 776 BC. T
he ancient Olympics were held every four years between August 6 and S
eptember 19 during a religious festival honoring Zeus (宙
斯). The first modern Olympics were held in Athens, Greece, in 1896. The
Olympic symbol consists of five interlaced rings of equal dimensions, rep
resenting the union of the five continents and the meeting of athletes fro
m throughout the world at the Olympic Games. The Olympics truly took
off as an international sporting event after 1924, when the 8th Olympic
Games were held in Paris. Some 3,000 athletes from 44 nations compete
d that year, and for the first time the Games featured a closing ceremony.
The Winter Olympics debuted (问
世) that year, including such events as figure skating, ice hockey, bobsled
ding and the biathlon. Eighty years later, when the 2004 Summer Olympi
cs returned to Athens for the first time in more than a century, nearly 11,
000 athletes from 201 countries competed, breaking the then record of p
articipating countries.翻译：
有关古代奥林匹克运动会的最早文字记载可追溯至公元前776年。古
代奥运会每4年举办一次，在8月6日与9月19日之间的一个纪念
宙斯的宗教节日期间举行。 第一届现代奥运会于1896年在希腊雅典

举办。奥运会的标志由五个大小相同的套环组 成，代表着五大洲的联
合和来自世界各地运动员的大聚会。奥运会真正腾飞、成为一项国际
体育 盛会是在1924年之后，即第8届奥运会在巴黎举办之后。这一
年，来自44个国家约3,000名运 动员同场竞技，并且第一次在奥运
会上增加了闭幕式这一仪式。同年，冬季奥运会首次亮相，比赛项目< br>包括花样滑冰、冰球、雪橇和冬季两项运动。80年后，2004年夏季
奥运会在相隔一个多世纪 后再次在雅典举办，来自201个国家的近
11,000名运动员展开竞技，创下参赛国数量之最。 原文：
太极拳（Tai Chi）是一种武术（martial arts）项目，也是一种健身运
动，在中国有着悠久的历史。太极拳动作缓慢而柔和，适合任何年龄、
性别、体型的人练习。太 极拳既可防身，又能强身健体，因而深受中
国人的喜爱。太极拳在发展的过程中，借鉴并吸收了中国传统 哲学、
医术、武术的合理内容（element），成为特色鲜明的一项运动。作
为中国特有的 一种运动形式，太极拳也越来越受到众多外国朋友的喜
爱。 翻译：
Tai Chi is a kind of martial arts, and a fitness exercise as well. It has a long
history in China. With slow and gentle movements, Tai Chi is suitable for
people of any age, sex, or body type to practice. It can be used to provide
self- defense as well as build the body. Therefore, it has become very pop
ular among Chinese people. During its development, Tai Chi borrowed an
d absorbed desirable elements from traditional Chinese philosophy, medi
cine, and martial arts, and it has developed into a sport with unique feat

ures. As a unique sport in China, Tai Chi is also gaining increasing popular
ity among many foreign friends.
Unit 6
原文：
Gap year (间隔年) refers to a period of time —
not necessarily a year — in which students take time off and do somethi
ng other than schooling, such as travel or work. The year out is most com
monly taken after high school and before going to university. During this
time, a student might travel, engage in volunteer work or undertake (承
担) a working holiday abroad. A new trend is to participate in internation
al education programs that combine language study, home stays, cultural
exchange, community service, and independent study. The practice of ta
king a year out developed in the United Kingdom in the 1960s. It has gro
wn very popular among students in the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and
Canada. In the United States, however, the practice of taking a year off re
mains the exception (例
外). But in recent years, taking a year out has become slightly more com
mon for Americans. Some 40,000 American students participated in 2013
in gap year programs, an increase of almost 20% since 2006. Universities
such as Princeton University, Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology have formal policies allowing students to defer (
期) admission. 翻译：
延

间 隔年指的是学生休假不去上学而去旅游或工作等的一段时间，但不
一定是一年。间隔年通常选在高中毕业 和进入大学之前的一段时间。
在这段时间里，学生可以旅游、参加志愿者工作或者在国外边打工边
度假。一种新潮流是参加集语言学习、住家、文化交流、社区服务和
自主学习于一体的国际教育活动。 间隔年的做法于20世纪60年代兴
起于英国。它在英国、澳大利亚、新西兰和加拿大已经变得非常流行 。
但是在美国，间隔年的做法仍然只是个别现象。不过近年来，间隔年
对美国人来说变得稍微普 遍起来。2013年有大约四万美国学生参加
了间隔年活动，比2006年增加了近20%。普林斯顿大 学、哈佛大学、
麻省理工学院等大学都有明文规定允许学生延迟入学。
原文： 改革开放以来，中国的教育事业得到了快速发展，取得了引人瞩目的
成就。中国政府把教育摆在优先 发展的地位，坚持科教兴国
（revitalize the country），全面提倡素质教
育 (quality-oriented education) 。同时，积极推进教育公平，保障人人
有受教育的机会。中国的教育成就反映在两个不同的层面：一个是 全
面普及了九年义务教育（nine-year compulsory education），另一个是
实现了高等教育大众化（mass higher educatio n）。教育的发展为中国
的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。近年来，为适应社会、经济
发 展的需要，中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才。 翻译：
Since its economic reform and opening-up to the world, China's educatio
n has gone through rapid development and made remarkable achieveme

nts. The Chinese government gives top priority to the development of ed
ucation, persists in revitalizing the country by science and education, and
fully advocates quality-oriented education. Meanwhile, it actively promo
tes equality in education to guarantee everyone access to education. Chi
na's achievements in education can be reflected in two different layers:
One is the popularization of the nine-year compulsory education; the oth
er is the realization of mass higher education. The development of educa
tion has made significant contributions to China's economic developmen
t and social progress. In recent years, to satisfy the needs of social and ec
onomic development, the Chinese government has sped up the training
of qualified personnel urgently needed in various fields.
Unit 7
原文：
The belief in the freedom of the individual is probably the most basic and
most strongly held of all American beliefs. The most important thing to u
nderstand Americans is probably their devotion (深
爱) to
es to consider themselves as separate individuals who are responsible for
their own situations in life and their own destiny. Americans view thems
elves as highly individualistic in their thoughts and actions. They resist be
ing thought of as representatives of any homogeneous (由同类组成
的) group. When they do join groups, they believe they are special, just a

little different from other members of the same group. Closely associate
d with the value they place on individualism is the importance Americans
assign privacy. Americans assume people
s
hological energy. Americans have great difficulty understanding foreigner
s who always want to be with another person and who dislike being alon
e. 翻译：
在所有美国人的信念中，最基本、最强烈的信念可能就 是崇尚个人自
由。要理解美国人，最重要的也许就是了解他们对个人主义的热爱。
生活中他们很 早就开始受到教育，把自己看成独立的个体，对人生中
自己的处境以及自己的前途命运负责。美国人认为 自己的思想和行为
高度个性化。他们不愿被视为任何同质群体的代表。如果确实加入了
群体，他 们也认为自己有特别之处，与同一个群体中的其他成员有着
些许的差别。与美国人对个人主义赋予的价值 紧密相关的是他们对个
人隐私的重视。美国人认为，人需要有自己的时间或者有时间独
处，用来 思考事情，或者恢复他们所消耗的心理能量。美国人很难
理解那些总想与人结伴、不爱独处的外国人。 原文：
为人诚信，以和为贵是中华民族的传统美德。和的思想体现在很多
方面。在处理人与 人的关系上，中国传统思想主张和为贵以及家
和万事兴，从而创造一个和谐的社会环境。在人与自然的关 系上，
人类应当学会认识自然，尊重自然，保护自然。人与人、人与社会、
人与自然都需要和谐 。如今，和谐发展依然是我们的治国之本和管

理人才之道。随着我国社会经济和文化的发 展，和的思想更加深入
人心。中国正在向构建社会主义和谐社会的目标迈进。 翻译：
Integrity and harmony are traditional Chinese virtues.
onstrated in various aspects. In regard to interpersonal relations, traditio
nal Chinese thoughts hold that
that lives in harmony will prosper
n be created based on these principles. As for relations between human
beings and nature, people should learn to understand, respect and prote
ct nature. Harmony is essential to interpersonal relations, relations betw
een human beings and society, as well as between human beings and nat
ure. Nowadays, harmonious development is still the way of running the c
ountry and managing talented personnel. With the development of Chin
a's society, economy and culture, the idea of
er into people's hearts. China is on its way toward the goal of building a h
armonious socialist society.
Unit 8
原文：
As the world's only truly universal global organization, the United Nation
s (UN) has become the foremost forum to address issues that transcend (
超
越) national boundaries and cannot be resolved by any one country actin
g alone. The initial goals of the UN are safeguarding (保

护) peace, protecting human rights, establishing the framework for inter
national justice and promoting economic and social progress. In recent y
ears, the UN has been faced with new challenges, such as climate change
, international terrorism and AIDS. While conflict resolution and peaceke
eping continue to be among its primary efforts, the UN, along with its sp
ecialized agencies, is also engaged in a wide range of activities to improv
e people's lives around the world — from disaster relief, through educati
on and advancement of women, to peaceful uses of atomic energy. The
UN and its specialized agencies have helped the world become a more h
ospitable (热情友好
的) and livable place and brought great benefits to people around the wo
rld. 翻译：
作为世界上唯一一个真正具有普遍性的世界组织，联合国已经成为处
理超越国界、而且任何一个国家都无 法独立解决的问题的首要论坛。
联合国最初的宗旨是维护和平、保护人权、建立国际公平正义的框架以及促进经济和社会进步。近年来，联合国又面临着新的挑战，诸如
气候变化、国际恐怖主义和艾滋 病等。现在，解决争端及维护和平仍
然是联合国最主要的任务。除此之外，联合国及其专门机构还致力于
各种旨在改进世界人民生活的活动，从赈灾到教育和妇女进步，再到
原子能的和平使用。联合国 及其专门机构推动世界成为一个更加友
好、更加宜居的地方，为全世界人民带来了福祉。原文：
新中国成立后，中国坚持（persist in）独立自主的和平外交政策，在

外交领域取得了巨大成就。截至2011年，中国已与172个国家建立
了外交关系（diploma tic relations）。近年来，随着中国综合国力的提
升（enhancement），中国 在国际事务中的作用越来越重要，中国的
国际地位得到进一步提升。在地区性事务中，中国积极推动各种 区域
合作，为维护地区和平、促进地区发展作出了重要贡献。中国外交
（diplomacy） 将高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜（banner），
在和平共处五项原则的基础上，通过全面发展 同各国的友好合作，为
建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界作出不懈的努力
（make unremitting efforts）。 翻译：
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China has persisted
in the independent foreign policy of peace, and made tremendous progr
ess in foreign affairs. By 2011, China had established diplomatic relations
with 172 countries. Over recent years, with the enhancement of its comp
rehensive national strength, China has been playing an increasingly impo
rtant role in international affairs, and China's international status has bee
n further enhanced. In regional affairs, China actively promotes all kinds
of regional cooperation. It has made important contributions in maintain
ing regional peace and promoting regional development. China's diplom
acy will hold high the banner of
mutual benefit
ce and through all-round and friendly cooperation with various countries
, China will make unremitting efforts to build a harmonious world of end

uring peace and common prosperity.