四六级翻译题-中国文化

【原文】中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节
日，这天 夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗
产，2008年又被 定为公共假日，月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物
馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。 传统的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等
字样。
【参考译文】Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest
in the Mid- Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving
in the North America. The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became
popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty. The lunar August 15 is a day
for people worshiping the moon. On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, families
reunite and enjoy the moon’s beauty. In 2006, Mid- Autumn festival was listed
as one of China’s cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was classified as a public
holiday. Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts
people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family
gatherings. There are characters of “longevity”,“good fortune”and “harmony”
on the Traditional moon cakes.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a
passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on
Answer Sheet 2. < br>端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的
大臣(minis ter),他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤(vilify)而最终投
河自尽。人们撑 船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的
身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽 子(glutinous dumplings)和赛龙舟，尤其
是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。
参考译文：
The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate
the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who
brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a
result of being got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings
into the water,hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan's body. For
thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon
boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes
剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸 有一千五百多
年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynastie s）特别流行。人们常用剪纸
美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以 增加喜庆的气氛。
剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用 作馈
赠外国友人的礼物
Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper
cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during
the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.

During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings
are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous
atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes
health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and
it is often given as a present to foreign friends.




中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节
(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代 诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙
舟、吃粽子(zongzi )。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征 着圆满，象征着家庭团
聚。因此，中秋节(The Mid-autumn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中
国 的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类
之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗 烹制传统食物，如铰子和年糕。 参考答案
Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festiva
ls. For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in m
emory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon bo
at races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day. The Mid-autu
mn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moo
n is a symbol for completeness and family reunion. The special food
of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake. The S
pring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’
s holiday. Besides the popular poultry and meat, people cook trad
itional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or b
oiled dumplings, and niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake

Dumplings are one of the Chinese people’s favorite traditional dishes. According
to an ancient Chinese legend, dumplings were first made by the medical saint---Zhang
Zhongjing. There are three steps involve
d in making dumplings: 1) make dumpling wrappers out of dumpling flour; 2) prepare
the dumpling stuffing; 3) make dumplings and boil them. With thin and elastic dough
skin, fresh and tender stuffing, delicious taste, and unique shapes, dumplings are
worth eating hundreds of times. There’s an old saying that claims, “Nothing could
be more delicious than dumplings”. During the Spring Festival and other holidays,
or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the
auspicious custom of eating dumplings. To Chinese people who show high reverence
for family love, having dumplings at the moment the old year is replaced by the new
is an essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new year.
饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统食品。 相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。饺子的制作是包 括：
1） 擀皮、2） 备馅、3） 包馅水煮三个步骤。其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，
百食不厌。民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗语。中国人接亲待客、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习
俗，寓意吉 利。对崇尚亲情的中国人来说，“更岁交子”吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新
必不可少的内容

端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣
（ minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自
尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，
端午节的特 色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南
方省份。 The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to
commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed
minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself
in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast
glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead
of Qu Yuan’s body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous
dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there
are many rivers and lakes.

“你要茶还是咖啡?”是用餐人常被问到的问题。许 多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。
相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明 清(The Qing Dynasties)
期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到1 8世纪才传到欧美。如今，茶是世
界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝，也是 中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。
【参考译文一】 “Would you like tea or coffee?” This is a question which the
dining people are frequently asked. Some westerners tend to choose coffee, while
the Chinese usually choose tea. There is a legend that one Chinese emperor found
tea 5,000 years ago and used it to cure illnesses. During the Ming and Q ing Dynasties,
tea houses were widespread throughout China. Tea-drinking was spread to Japan in
the 6th century but to Europe and America until the 18th century. Nowadays, tea is
one of the most popular beverages in the world. Tea is the treasure of China, and
it is also an important part of the Chinese tradition and culture. 【参考译文
二】As for the dinning people, ”Tea or Coffee?” is a question frequently asked.
Coffee is usually the Westerns’ first choice, while tea is the preferment of Chinese.
Tradition has it that tea is found by one Chinese Emperor, who lived in 5000 years
ago. At that time, tea is used to heal sickness. During Ming-Qing dynasties,
teahouses are across the country. Tea drinking spread into Japanese as early as in
the 6th century, yet it did not spread into Europe and America until the 18th century.
Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages all over the world. Tea is the
treasure of China and the important component of Chinese tradition and culture.
6. 在中国，喝茶是一种仪式，一种精致品味（refined taste）的展示。人们在饮茶的同时，
也领略着（take delight in）品茶的情趣之 意。喝茶聊天是中国人最流行的打发时间的方
式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆（teahouse）而 开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法
国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶，也是为 了议论当地的新闻或就政治
话题进行激烈的争论。 Tea drinking in China is a ritual and a demonstration of the
refined taste. While drinking tea, people also take delight in the essence if tea
itself. Chatting over a pot of tea is a very popular way of pastime among Chinese.
In the past, they would start the day with a visit to a well-known teahouse. Chinese
teahouses would be the equivalent of French cafes and English pubs. People come here
not just for tea, but also to discuss local news or to have furious political debates.

二十四节气
（solar terms）的划分起源于黄河流域一带（Yellow River area），是中国
古代历法（ calendar）特有的重要组成部分和独特创造。在古代中国，人们常用二十四节气
来表示季节更替 和气候变化状况。节气的制定是我们祖先在长
期的农业生产实践中，逐步认识气象变化规律的结果。长 期以来，甚至直到今天，二十
四节气在中国的农牧业生产（agricultural and animal husbandry production）中一直起
着重要的作用。 The twenty-four solar terms is a unique component and creative
invention of the Chinese traditional calendar, first originating from the Yellow
River area. It was used to indicate the alternation of seasons and climate changes
in ancient China. The establishment of solar terms reflected our ancestors’
knowledge about climate changes during their long history of farming activities.
Over years, it has played an important role in China’s agricultural and animal
husbandry production even to this day

中西方饮食习惯（eating habits）存在极大的差异。不同于西方人那种每人一 盘事物
的饮食习惯，在中国，菜肴是被放在桌上让大家共同分享的。如果你在中国主人家做客，就
要做好有一大桌事物的心理准备。中国人对于自己的烹饪文化（culture of cuisine）感到
非常自豪，而且会尽全力去展示自己的好客（hospitality）。而且有时候，中国主人会用< br>他们的筷子把食物夹到你的碗里或盘子中。这是礼貌的体现。 There are great
differences between Chinese and Western eating habits. Unlike the West, where
everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes are placed on the table
and everybody shares. If you are being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for
a table of food. Chinese are very proud of their culture of cuisine and will do their
best to show their hospitality. And sometimes the Chinese hosts use their chopsticks
to put food in your bowl or plat. This is a sign of politeness

春节贴年画
（pasting New Year Prints）的风俗源自于往房子外面的门上贴门神(Door
Gods)的传统。随着 木质雕刻品的出现，年画包含了更广泛的主题，最出名的就是门神，三
大神—福神、薪神和寿神(Thr ee Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity)，寓意着庄稼丰收、家畜兴旺和庆祝春节。年画的四大产地分别是苏州桃花坞，天津杨柳青，河北武强和
山东潍坊 。现在中国农村仍然保持着贴年画的传统，而在城市里很少有人贴年画。 The
custom of pasting New Year Prints in Spring Festival originated from the tradition
of pasting Door Gods on the external doors of the houses. With the creation of board
carvings, New Year paintings cover a wide range of subjects. The most famous ones
are Door Gods and Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity, signifying the
abundant harvest of crops, the prosperity of domestic animals and the celebration
of Spring Festival. Four producing areas of New Year Prints are Taohuawu of Suzhou,
Yangliuqing of Tian Jing, Wuqiang of Hebei and Weifang of Shandong. Now the tradition
of pasting New Year paintings is still kept in rural China, while it is seldom
followed in cities.

农历正月十五是中国的
元宵节
，人们习惯在门外悬挂大红灯笼，孩子们提着彩色的灯
笼玩，大人们则上街观赏各式各样的灯笼。据记载，灯笼早在约3000年前就出现在元宵节
上 。到了唐代，朝廷将灯笼与佛教联系起来，从此灯笼就成了元宵节官方礼仪的一部分。不
同地区的彩灯风 格迥异，陕北的农民用南瓜做灯笼，用棉花等材料做羊头形状。而北京因为

是帝王之都， 灯笼一般做成宫廷灯笼的样子。 The 15th day of the first lunar month
is the Lantern Festival in China. It is the custom to hang red lanterns on the gate.
Child play with colored lanterns and people go to squares and streets to view and
admire decorative lanterns. It is recorded that lanterns adorned the Lantern
Festival at least 3,000 years ago. By the Tang Dynasty, the court had connected
lanterns with Buddhism and made lighting of lanterns at the Lantern Festival a part
of official protocol. Colored lanterns in different regions have their own specific
features. Farmers in northern Shanxi province make lanterns out of pumpkins, with
materials like cotton and in the shape of the head of a goat. In Beijing, which had
long been a dynastic capital, the colored lanterns are mainly in the style of imperial
palace lanterns


歌谣跟口头流传的神话，远在文字出现之前就已大量产生。中国的文学正是发端于此。
不过歌谣本是人们生活中随兴而发的（improvised）东西，上古时代也没有保存和记载它们
的手段，因之也就很快湮灭，不留痕迹。如今，我们只能从古籍书中推断它们的存在。古书
中记载了一些 据称年代非常久远的歌谣，但是大多出于后人的伪托(derivatives)，能够断
定年代的歌谣 要到《诗经》里才能看见。从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更为重要。
Long before the emergence of the written words, ballads and myths, passed around
by word of mouth, were widely popular. Chinese literature finds its origins in these
traditions. However, ballads were what people improvised out of daily life, and due
to lack of means to record and preserve them in ancient times, they quickly
disappeared without leaving much of a trace. Today, we can only deduce their
existence from ancient books, which recorded some time-honored ballads, though most
of these are believed to be derivatives of later generations. Ballads in the Book
of Songs are the earliest writings that can be dated. From this point of view, ancient
mythology obviously has had a great influence on Chinese literature