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川专升本综合英语阅读写作翻译训练题一

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2020-10-31 02:37
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补习机构英语-numb是什么意思

2020年10月31日发(作者:常惠)







川专升本综合英语阅读
写作翻译训练题一
内部编号:(YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128)



2008年专业英语专业知识真题

(考试时间120分钟,满分150)

答题说明:(1)选择题部分的答案请再答题卡上相应的子母中间划横线,如【A】

(2)主观题的答案写在答题纸上相应的位置。

注意事项:答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

I. Writing (100 points)

Section A Letter-writing (30 points)

Write on ANSER SHEET a thank-you ]otter of about 60-80 words based on
the following situation:

You went to Beijing for a tour this Spring Festival. One of your
friends helped you a lot during the trip. Write a thank-you letter to
him. You DON'T need to write the heading and inside address.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and
appropriacy.

Section B Composition (70 points)

It is said that divorce rate keeps going up now, Some people
believe divorce is the only means to solve the family crisis. What is
your opinion

Write on ANSWER SHEET a composition of about 150 words on the following
topic:

Marriage and Divorce

You are supposed to write in three parts.



In the first part, state your point of view.

In the second part, give one or two reasons to support your point of
view.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and
appropriacy.

II. Translation (50 points)

Section C Translate these sentences into English (20 points, 4 for each)

1,
我们想心平气和,通情达理地通过直接谈判解决问题。

2,
对不同文化价值观少了解或不了解时,就会产生跨文化交际的困难。

3,
不要把钱看得太重,否则你有可能做出有失身份的事。

4,
他们听到那起野蛮的绑架消息后感到毛骨悚然。

5,
假如我们 能正视,承受,并接受失败的话,失败有助于个人的成长,还增进人
际关系。

Section D Translate these sentences into Chinese (30 poin~,6foreach)

1. Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patients--to speed recovery
or to conceal the approach of death

2. The relationship of the individual to his culture is analogous to an
actor and his director. The actor puts his own acting but is
nevertheless influenced by the director.

3. Our flesh may perish, our hands will wither, but that which they
create in beauty and goodness and truth lives on for all time to come.



4. In the face of the tensions and pressures we all face every single
day, a sense of humor can be a saving grace. The ability to laugh is
crucial to our fullest development, to our

5. Failure is a better teacher than success since success always
encourages repetition of old behavior whereas failure can prompt fresh
thinking, a change of direction.

第二部分 阅读

I. Vocabulary (10 points, I for each)

Directions: Read each of the following sentences carefully, and choose
A, B, C, or D to complete the sentences.

I. It is
good luck.
A. absurd

B. adhere

C. accumulation

D. accord
to believe that the number 8 brings fortune or
2. Although most dreams apparently happen ___, dream activity may be provoked
by external influences.
A. spontaneously

B. simultaneously

3. By
C. homogeneously

D.
instantaneously
computation, he estimated that the repairs on the house
would cost him a thousand dollars.
A. coarse

B. rude

C. crude

D. rough
nonsense.4. Your story about the frog turning into a prince is
A. sheer

B. shear

C. shield

D. sheet



5. You could paint the walls and ceilings the same color so they
together.
A. bleach

B. blush

C. blend

D. blot
6. Reading the mind only with material of knowledge; it is thinking
that makes what we read ours.
A. rectifies

B. prolongs

C. minimizes

D. furnishes
7. Mr. Berry, the author of the play, said that the resemblance of the hero to
an actual person was a pure
A. comedy

B. combat


C. coincidence

D. conceit
8. Though her parents her musical ability, Jerry' s piano playing is
really terrible.
A. pour scorn on

B. heap praise
upon

C. give vent to

D. cast light
upon
9. The president argued that the depression stemmed from the American
economy's flaws.
A. underlining

B. vulnerable


C. vulgar

D. underlying
10. This kind of material can
A. delete

B. compel

heat and moisture.
C. constrain

D. repel
Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (120 point, 3for each)

Directions: In this section there are six passages followed by questions or
unfinished statement, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C or D
Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.

Passage 1



The universities from which our own are descended were founded in the
Middle Ages. They were established either by corporations of students wanting
to learn, as in Italy, or by teachers wanting to teach as in France.
Corporations that had special or customary privileges for the purpose of
carrying out the intentions of the incorporators were common in those days.
The university corporations of the Middle Ages at the height of their power
were not responsible to anybody, in the sense that they could not be brought
to book by any authority. They claimed, and made good their claim, complete
independence of all secular and religious control The American university was,
however, at first a corporation formed by a religious denomination or by the
state for the purposes of the denomination or the state.

The American university in the seventeenth century was much closer to the
American university today than to the medieval university. The Puritan
communities needed ministers and professional men and so established
universities to provide them. Later, religious groups built universities in
order to extend their own influence. For example, the University of Chicago
was founded by devout Baptists to combat the rising tide of Methodism in the
Middle West. The president and trustees of the university were required to
have the proper religious affiliations in order to keep the university on the
right path. Fortunately, the combination of John D. Rockefeller, William
Rainey Harper, and the enlightened wing of the Baptist Church preserved the
university from too narrow an interpretation of its purpose.

11. what does the passage mainly discussed

A. The importance of the universities.



B. The universities of the Middle Ages.

C. Different purposes of founding universities.

D. Americans universities of the eighteenth century.

12. in the passage, the phrase
means
C. required to explain certain books.

D. required to explain their actions.
A. asked to teach certain books.

B. wanted to order certain books.

13. Which of the following best describes the basic motive for founding a
university in a Puritan community

A. To propagandize the religious ideas of the Puritans.

B. To make students study their religion.

C. To convert more people.

D. To provide necessary personnel for the Puritan communities.

14. It is implied that the University of Chicago
A. underwent a period of liberalization

B. succeeded in fighting the influence of Methodists

C. made true of the

D. was finally taken over by John D. Rockefeller

15. All of the following statements are true in the passage EXCEPT





A. John D. Rockefeller helped to set up the University of Chicago.

B. The University corporations of the Middle Ages were independent

C. The American university today was similar to the university of the
seventeenth century

D. The French universities were founded by groups of professors.



Passage 2

Throughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to
improve his way of life.

With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of
the earth. He has transformed woodlands into farmland, and made lakes and
reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric power. Man
has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting
through mountains to build roads and railways.

However, man' s changes to the physical environment have not always had
beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is an increasing
danger to the health of the planet. Each day thousands of tons of gases come
out of the exhausts of motor vehicles; smoke from factories pollutes the air
of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside. The air in
cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy.

The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollution from
oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae (水藻), fish and
birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. The same
problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers
lifeless.

Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the
growth of technology in order to survive on earth.

16. Man has changed his physical environment with a view to
A. altering the physical features of
the earth


B. bettering his way of life

C. improving his surroundings



D. modifying the face of the planet
17. According to the passage, pollution of the air and water is caused by

A. thousands of tons of gases coming out of the exhausts of motor vehicles

B. the changes of the environment that technology has brought to man

C. the increasing amount of oil that has been produced

D. industrial wastes discharged into rivers

18. The ecological balance of the sea is lost when
A. people consume more fish than they used to

B. the ecological balance of the river is lost

C. large numbers of algae, fish and birds are killed

D. the production of marine petroleum is increased

19. Who would most probably disagree with conservationists
A. Industrialists.

C. Businessmen.

B. Ecologists.

20. The purpose of the writer is
A. to reduce modern technology

B. to improve man' s way of life

C. to warn people not to change the natural environment

D. to call attention to the protection of the natural environment

Passage 3

People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children
develop so early and so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal
clock of mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning
to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy--one plate,

D.
Environmentalists





one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are
capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the
table, and a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware.
Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It seems almost
reasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth
and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade
mathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment.

Of course, the truth is not so simple this century. The work of cognitive
psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which
intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped--
or, as the case might be, bumped into-concepts that adults take for granted,
as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water
pours from a short stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since
demonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils, on a pile,
readily report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into
finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of
mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort. They have also suggested
that the very concept of abstract numbers--the idea of a oneness, twoness, a
threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing
anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table--is itself far
more innate.

21. What does the passage mainly discuss

A. trends in teaching mathematics to children.

B. The use of mathematics in child psychology.



C. The development of mathematical ability in children.

D. The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn.

22. It can be inferred from the passage that children normally learn simple
counting
A. soon after they learn to talk

B. by looking at the clock

C. when they begin to be
mathematically mature

23. According to the passage, when small children were asked to count a pile
of red and blue pencils, they __

A. counted the number of pencils of each other

B. counted the total number of pencils

C. counted only the pencils of their favorite color

D. subtracted the number of red pencils from the number blue pencils.

24. The word
A. the total

B. the concept of abstract number


D. after they reach school grade in
school
C. any class of objects

D. setting a table
25. The word

A. reason

Passage 4

More surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional
marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick
notes, Americans are marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry
and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a decline in the early 1970s,

B. theory

C. requirement

D. technique



the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing. Even the divorce
rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of
divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains, by far, the preferred
way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.

What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty five
years ago, the typical American family consisted of a husband, a wife, and two
or three children. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided
not to have any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of
the children are from the wife' s previous marriage, or the husband' s, or
both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from
the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses
(配偶).

Thus, one can find the very type of family arrangement. There are
marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present
marriage; marriages with

stepmothers, half-brothers, and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a
child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes
from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, even in the midst of all
this, there remains one constant: most Americans spend most of their adult
lives married.

26. By calling Americans marrying people the author means that
A. Americans are more traditional than Europeans

B. Americans expect more out of marriage than Europeans





C. there are more married couples in than in Europe

D. more of Americans, as compared with Europeans, prefer marriage and they
accept it at a younger age

27. Divorced Americans
A. will most likely remarry

B. prefer the way they live

C. have lost faith in marriage

D. are the vast majority of people in the society

28. Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today's
American families

A. A typical American family consists of only a husband and a wife,

B. Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable.

C. Americans prefer to have more kids than before.

D. There are no nuclear families any more.

29.

A. spend some of their time with their half-brothers and some of their time
with their half- sisters

B. spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage

C. are shared between the two former spouses

D. cannot stay with

30. Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American
families,

A. the functions of marriage remain unchanged

B. most Americans prefer a second marriage





C. the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage

D. All of the above

Passage 5

Students who score high in achievement needs tend to make higher grades
in college than those who score low. When degree aptitude for college work, as
indicated by College Entrance Examination Board Tests, is held constant,
engineering students who score high in achievement needs tend to make higher
grades in college than the aptitude test scores would indicate.

We can define this need as the habitual desire to do useful work well.
It is a noticeable influence characteristic of those who need little
supervision. Their desire for accomplishment is a stronger motivation than any
stimulation the supervisor can provide. Individuals who function in terms of
this drive do not try to deceive others in regard to a job that they fail to
do well.

Some employees have a strong drive for success in their work: others are
satisfied when they make a living. Those who want to feel that they are
successful have high aspiration for themselves. Thoughts concerning the
achievement drive are often prominent in the evaluations made by the typical
employment interviewer who interviews college seniors for executive training.
He wants to find out whether the senior has a strong drive to get ahead or
merely to hold a job. Research indicates that some who get ahead have an even
stronger drive to avoid failure.

31. It can be inferred from the passage that individuals with a strong drive
to succeed



A. accept responsibility for themselves

B. blame others if they fail

C. are motivated by stimulation a supervisor

D. pretended they haven' t failed when they have

32. Employees who are successful in their work are
A. self-satisfied

B. high-minded

C. ambitious

D. self-important
33. What quality do employment interviewers look for in college seniors for
executive training

A. Ability to hold down a job.

B. High achievement needs. C. Capacity to work hard. D. Constant aptitude for
work.

34. What motivates some seniors to succeed

A. They are afraid of failing.

B. They like living well.

C. They want to become executives.

D. They wish to do research work.

35. Which is the main subject of this passage

A. Students' grades in college.

B. Individual motivation for work.

C. The achievement needs of engineering students.

D. Successful interview techniques.

Passage 6 Short Answer Questions

Directfons: In this part there Js a short passage with five questions or
incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions



or complete the statements Zn the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10
words).

For many women choosing whether to work or not to work outside their home
is a luxury: they must work to survive. Others face a hard decision.

Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with economics. One husband said

at this moment was an extravagance (奢侈) we couldn't afford.
preschool children, it soon became clear in their figuring that with baby-
sitters (临时照看小孩的人), transportation, and increased taxes, rather than
having more money, they might actually end up with less.

Economic factors are usually the first to be considered, but they are not
the most important. The most important aspects of the decision have to do with
the emotional needs of each member of the family. It is in this area that
husbands and wives find themselves having to face many confusing and
conflicting feelings.

There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who feel
imprisoned (被囚禁) if they have to stay home with a young child or several
children. On the other hand, there are women who think that homemaking gives
them the deepest satisfaction.

From my own experience, I would like to suggest that sometimes the
decision to go back to work is made in too much haste. There are few decisions
that I now regret more. I wasn't mature enough to see how much I could have
gained at home. I regret my impatience to get on with my career. I wish I had
allowed myself the luxury of watching the world through my little girl' s eyes.



Questions注意答题尽量简短,超过10个词要扣分。每条横线限写 一个英语单词,标
点符号不占格.)

36. Which word in the first two paragraphs best explains why many women have
to work


.

37. Why did Marge and her husband think it an extravagance for Marge to go
back to work


.

38. What are the two major considerations in deciding whether women should go
out to work


.

39. Some women would rather do housework and take care of their children than
pursue a career because they feet .


.

40. If given a second chance, the writer would probably choose to
.


.

III Skimming and Scanning (20 points, 2 for each)




Directions. In this section there are seven passages with a total of ten
multiple choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your
answers on your answer sheet.

Passage 7

First read the following question.

41. This is a letter of
A. inquiry

.
C. explanation

D introduction B. complaint

Now, go through Passage 7 quickly and answer question 41.

Flat 24

Park Mansions

Newbury Road

The Manager

Reliable Motors Ltd.

876 Meadow Street 14th May 2002

Dear Sir,

I am writing to you concerning the Bernster Special 150 SE that I bought
from you two weeks ago. The car has now developed the following faults:

1. The steering wheel is loose. 2. The hand brake does not work. 3. oil is
leaking from the engine. 4. The driver' s door does not close properly.

Will you please telephone me and we can arrange for you to collect the car
Unless you can put the car in perfect working order, 1 am afraid I shall
report your company to the Consumers' Association.

Yours
faithfully,



Tony
Lockwood

Passage 8

First read the following question.

42. The passage is mainly about
A. Christmas
sales

B. retailing
business

C. Internet
population

D. online
shopping
Now go through Passage 8 quickly and answer question 42.

Online shopping (网上购物) has become a major force in retailing this year
with more than US$$1 billion in Christmas season sales, industry analysts say.
The figure for the holiday tops the total for Internet shopping in all of 1996.
Online shopping for the holiday season remained just a drop in the ocean of
the estimated US$$450 billion spent by US consumers. But the figure is growing
rapidly. International Data Corporation, a market research group, predicts the
World Wide Web (万维网) population will reach almost I00 million by 1998 and
that online commerce will grow to more than US$$20 billion.

Passage 9

First read the following question.

43. The passage discusses the aim of
A. the organization

B. blood centers in the USA

C. FDA new rules

D. AIDS prevention
Now go through Passage 9 quick and answer question 43.



The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is taking steps to protect the
country' s blood supply. People give blood to the centers, where it is kept
until it is needed for medical purposes.

The FDA has provided new rules for the blood centers. The government
agency says new rules are designed to improve the blood supply system.

The new rules call for blood centers to develop more ways to make sure
their work is done correctly. These rules are another way to help keep the
blood supply pure. A leading concern is that someone with AIDS virus might
give blood to a blood centre. For this reason, there are tests to find out if
blood contains viruses that cause AIDS and other diseases.

Passage I0

First read the following question.

44. The passage advertises overseas
A. jobs

B. studies

C. travel

D. aid
Now go through Passage 10 quickly and answer question 4~

NEW I-IORIZONS

Are you looking for something interesting to do Then why not work abroad
for a year or two

We have jobs in most parts of the world - including Europe, Africa and
Southeast Asia.

We have jobs for teachers, doctors, nurses, engineers, ear mechanics and
many others.

Why not see the world We cannot offer you very much money, but the work
is interesting. You can learn another language and work with people, too.



For more information write to us at:

NEW HORIZONS JOB CENTER'

110 Spring Gardens,

London SW ! 7BC

Please send your personal information (date of birth, educational
qualifications, interests, experiences, etc.)

Passage 11

First read the following questions.

45. Which number would you dial for home nursing
A. 0734 442456

B. 0734 442675

C. 08675 559478

D. 08675 564499
46. Blood donors are advised to contact
A. Berkshire county office

C. John Radcliffe Hospital

B. St. John Ambulance

D. Royal Berkshire Hospital
Now go through Passage 17 quickly and answer questions 45 and 4~

HEALTH

AMBULANCE SERVICE

In All Emergencies Dial 999

St John Ambulance:

Berkshire County Office - ST John Centre Church Rd, Woodley. Reading,
RG5 4QN. 0734 442456.

For details of first aid at work unit contact 0734 442675.

Oxfordshire - St. John House High St, Kidlington, Oxford. OX5 2DR 08675
559478: Association; 08675 564499 Brigade, ambulance, home nursing, loan of
medical equipment and first aid at work unit.



BLOOD DONORS

For information contact

Oxford Regional Blood Transfusion Service: John Radcliffe Hospital
Headley Way, Heading ton, Oxford, OX3 9DU 0865 642831

HOSPITALS

Royal Berkshire Hospital: London Rd. Reading, RGI SAN. 0734 875111.
(Accident and emergency patients to South Wing).

Passage 12

First read the following questions.

47. If you leave for Hong Kong on March 16th, you pay
A. $$799

B. $$849

C. $$829

D. $$969
48. What is NOT included in the price
A. Local dept tax.

B. Return flights.

C. Transfers.

D. Accommodation.
Non go through Passage 12 quickly and answer questions 47 and 48.

SPECIAL OFFER

from

1799

HON6 KONG

Enjoy 5 nights in Hong Kong from $$799

New World Harbor View: Superior lst class hotel in good location on Hong Kong
Island.

Superb swimming pool, tennis courts, restaurants, bars. Rooms with harbor view
and

Air conditioning, teacoffee making facilities, minibar. TV, bath and shower.



Departure dates:
02, I0 Mar
09, 16 Mar $$849

17 Mar
Price:

$$799

$$829

15 Apr $$969

27 Apr, 04, 18 May $$999

The price includes: Return flights. 5 nts accom (no meals). Transfers.
Prices are per person sharing a twin room.

Not included: UK dept tax. Local dept tax. Optional insurance: $$30. To
book, telephone: (open daily inc SatSun)

Tel: 01306 774300

Fax: 01306 740328

Passage 13

First read the following questions.

49. The stone chip is thought to be the most important tool because it

A. was one of the first tools.

B. developed human capabilities.

C. led to the invention of machines.

D. was crucial to the development of mankind.

50. At the end of the passage the author seems to suggest that life in future
is
A. disastrous.

C. exciting.

B. unpredictable.

D. colorful.
Now, go through Passage 13 quick])



Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the
world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years
ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone against another. In this way
they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were
usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from
dead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood. Human beings needed
to use tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat-eating
animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily.

Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human
brain grew bigger, and human beings began to invent more and more tools and
machines. The stone chip was one of the first tools that people used, and
perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to
the success of mankind.

Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared. This is the silicon chip --
a little chip of silicon crystal (硅晶体). It is smaller than a finger-nail,
but it can store more than a million 'bits' of information. It is an
electronic brain.

Every year these chips get cleverer, but their size gets smaller, and
their cost gets less. They are used in watches, calculators and intelligent
machines that we can use in many ways.

In the future we will not need to work with tools in the old way.
Machines ~ill do everything for us. They will even talk and play games with us.
People will have plenty of spare time. But what will they do with it



Human beings used stone chips for more than two million years, but human
life changed very little in that time. We have used silicon chips for only a
few years, but life is changing faster every day. What will life be like
twenty years from now What will the world be like two million years from now

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