全国4月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题及答案解析历年试卷及答案解析

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全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题
课程代码：00087
PART ONE
Ⅰ. Multiple Choice Questions(30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions
marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in
terms of meaning and expressiveness and write it down on the answer sheet.
was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole
bridge was outlined in lights.
A.天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。 忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓
被灯照了出来。
B.给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会 儿，天快黑了。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥
的轮廓。
C.天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅 子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥
的轮廓。
D.给比尔一把椅子，他 被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓
被灯照了出来。
will strengthen you to know that you distinguished career is so widely respected and
appreciated.
A.这会使你坚定地认识到，你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。
B.这会使你进一步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。
C.知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏会使你进一步坚定信念。
D.当你知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏时，你就会力量倍增。
rudely showed me the door.
A.爱丽斯无礼地向我指了一下门的位置。
B.爱丽斯无礼地让我看了看她的门。
C.爱丽斯无礼地把我送到门口。
D.爱丽斯无礼地把我轰出了门。
's the bell; someone is at the door.
A.那里有个铃；门口有个人。
B.那里有个铃；有人在叫门。
C.铃响了，有人在门口。
D.铃响了，有人叫门。
is no one of us but wishes to go to the exhibition.
A.我们每一个人都想去看展览。
B.没有谁想去看展览。
C.我们都没在，但有人想请我们去看展览。
D.虽然大家都没在，但我们都希望去看展览。
car beeped at me until I fastened my seatbelt.
A.汽车向我发出了嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。
B.汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。

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C.汽车在我系上安全带之前才发出嘟嘟的声音。
D.汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。
7.流传久远的作品是靠文学技巧流传，谁会关心百十年前的生活?
A. Literary works have stood the test to time because of the skill, who today really cares about the
details of life a hundred years ago?
B. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill. Who today really cares about the
details of life a hundred years ago?
C. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written.
Who today really cares about the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?
D. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written,
who today really cares about the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?
8.应该对货币流通量进行控制，使其有利于人民币价值的稳定，有利于经济的增长。
A. The volume of money in circulation should keep at a level beneficial to stabilizing the value of
the RMB and to economic growth.
volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level that will stabilize the value of the
RMB and encourage economic growth.
volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level beneficial to stabilize the value of
the RMB and to encourage economic growth.
volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level beneficial to stabilizing the value of
the RMB and to economic growth.
9.发展是硬道理。
A. Development is the hard reason.
B. Development is the hard principle.
C. Development is the absolute reason.
D. Development is the absolute principle.
10.不发达地区大都是拥有丰富资源的地区，发展潜力是很大的。
of the less developed areas are rich in resources, have great potential for development.
of the less developed areas are rich in resources and have great potential for development.
of the less developed areas are rich in resources development potential is very great.
of the less developed areas are rich in resources and their development potential very great.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices
marked A,B,C and D. Select the one that best completes each statement and write it down
on the answer sheet.
11.“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两面，一当然力求其易解，一则 保存着原作的丰姿。”这是_______
提出的。
A.鲁迅 B.瞿秋白 C.茅盾 D.郭沫若
12.杨宪益说： “译者应尽量忠实于原文的形象，既不要夸张，也不要夹带任何别的东西”。他
针对的是______。
A.任何一种翻译 B.文学翻译
C.诗歌翻译 D.汉英翻译
13.“上下文在解决语言单位的多义性问题上起着最重要的作用。”这是______的论述。
A.林纾 B.巴尔胡达罗夫 C.泰特勒 D.费多罗夫
14.王力先生指出，中国语里多用意合法，______。
A.因此连词用得较多

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B.因为主从结构用得较多
C.联结成分并非必需
D.联结成分十分需要
15.汉语有很多四字成语，译成英语时，译文______。
A.一定要保持原文的形象
B.一定要脱离原文的形象
C.一定要符合原文的意思
D.一定要在英语中找到对应的成语
PART TWO
Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.
16.a man of letters
gold rush
al census
nable development
gully
e fiction
a drowned rat
d entomology
insect-free world
ground
B. Directions: Put the following phrases into English.
26.手语
27.《新民主主义论》
28.北伐
29.市政府
30.跨国公司
31.丝绸之路
32.泰晤士河
33.安理会
34.大陆架
35.祝酒词
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement(20 points, 2 points for each)
Directions: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies.
Improve the given translations.
A. Example:
原文：He asked after you.
译文：他在你之后发问。
改译：他问起你的情况。
36.原文：By 1820, it was standard to bring workers into a factory and have them overseen.
译文：到1820年，标准方式已经是把工人雇到工厂里，使他们监督。
37.原文：Many exciting and experimental things in theatre are also being done in university
theatres and community centers.
译文：许多令人兴奋的，在剧场里的实验性的东西，也在大学的剧场和社区中心上演。

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38.原文：Don't lose time in doing your homework.
译文：别在做作业上浪费时间。
39.原文：I discovered that more than desire and emotion were necessary to write, so I dropped the
idea.
译文：我发现，要写作，需要更大的愿望和更丰富的感情。于是，我放弃了写作的念头。
40.原文：Presently he was met by an elderly parson astride on a gray mare, who, as he rode,
hummed a wandering tune.
译文：过了一会儿，有一个上了年纪的牧师，骑着一匹灰色的母马，用一种拿不准的语
调嘟囔着甚么，迎面向他走来。
41.原文：A friend exaggerates a man's virtue, an enemy his crimes.
译文：朋友极力赞扬你的美德，敌人你的罪过。
e:
原文：展望二十一世纪，我们坚信前景将更加美好。
译文：Look into the 21
st
century, we are convinced that there lies an even brighter
future.
改译：Looking into the 21
st
century, we are convinced that there lies an even brighter
future.
42.原文：这样，不仅我能更好地为他们服务，与他们进行感情交流，也减 少了一些他们与其
他乘客的误会和纠纷。
译文：In this way, I can render them better service and exchange feelings with them and also
reduce their misunderstandings and conflicts with other passengers.
43.原文：中国在自己发展的长河中，形成了优良的历史文化传统。
译文：In the prolonged course of China's development, it has formed its fine historical and
cultural traditions.
44.原文：科学技术是第一生产力。
译文：Science and technology are a first productive force.
45.原文：计划经济不等于社会主义，资本主义也有计划；市 场经济不等于资本主义，社会主
义也有市场。
译文：A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, there is planning under capitalism too;
a market economy is not capitalism, there are markets under socialism too.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.(20 points)
ble oil has been known from antiquity. No household can get on without it, for it is used
in cooking. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. Soaps are made from
vegetable and animal oils.
……
Two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction and heat; but if they are separated by a thin
film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not
properly lubricated. The oil used for this purpose must be of the correct thickness; if it is too
thin it will not give sufficient lubrication, and if it is too thick it will not reach all parts that must
be lubricated.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English.(10 points)
47.革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。推翻帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义的反
动统治 ，使中国人民的生产力获得解放，这是革命，所以革命是解放生产力。

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全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题参考答案
课程代码：00087
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions(30 points, 2 points for each)
1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.A
6.B 7.C 8.D 9.D 10.B
11.A 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.C
Ⅱ.Phrase Translation(20 points, 1 point for each)
A.
16.作家
17.淘金热
18.全国人口普查
19.可持续发展
20.干涸的峡谷
21.科幻小说
22.像落汤鸡
23.应用昆虫学
24.无昆虫的世界
25.共同点
B.
language
New Democracy
Northern Expedition
Municiple Government
ational(或 transnational) corporation(或company)
Silk Road
Thames
Security Council
ental shelf

Ⅲ.Translation Improvement(20 points, 2 point for each)
A.
36.到1820年，标准方式已经是把工人雇到工厂里，在工头监督下劳动。
37.许多令人兴奋的实验剧目，也在大学的剧场和社区中心上演。
38.抓紧时间做作业吧。
39.我发现，要写作，需要的不仅仅是愿望和感情。于是。我放弃了写作的念头。
40.过 了一会儿，有一个上了年纪的牧师，骑着一匹灰色的母马，一路信口哼着一个小调，迎
面向他走来。
41.朋友极力赞扬你的美德，敌人极力宣扬你的罪过。
B.
this way, I can render them better service and be friends with them and also reduce their
misunderstandings and conflicts with other passengers.

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the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural
traditions.
e and technology are a primary productive force.
45.A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, because there is planning under capitalism
too; a market economy is not capitalism, because there are markets under socialism too.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation
A.
46.植物油自古以来就为人们所熟悉。任何家庭都离不开它，因为做饭的时候就要用它。有些
花儿产生的油可以用来制造香水。植物油和动物油还可以用来制作肥皂。
……
两个金属面相擦，就要产生摩擦和热；但如果在它们之间抹上薄薄的一层油，就可以减少
摩擦，降低热度 。任何机械如果不使用一定的润滑剂，就不能持续工作。润滑油浓度必须
适当，太稀则起不到应有的润滑 作用，太稠则流不到所有需要润滑的零件。
tion means the emancipation of the productive forces, and so does reform. The overthrow
of the reactionary rule of imperialism , feudalism and bureaucrat- capitalism helped release the
productive forces of the Chinese people. This was revolution, so revolution means the
emancipation of the productive forces.

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