历年自考英语翻译真题及答案

全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题
课程代码：00087
Ⅰ. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by
four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the
closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1. Almost all the TV viewers were deeply impressed by Titanic’s huge
mass and her ruined splendor of a lost age.
A. 泰坦尼克号的庞大以及她那昔日辉煌的残毁，给几乎所有的电视观众都
留下了十分深刻的印象。
B. 泰坦尼克号船体庞大，虽已损毁，昔日丰采犹存，给几乎所有的电视观
众都留下了深刻的印象。
C. 泰坦尼克号无比庞大，往日荣光业已荡然无存，给几乎所有的电视观众
都留下了深刻的印象。
D. 泰坦尼克号的庞大船体以及她那失去的昔日光辉，给几乎所有的电视观
众都留下了深刻的印象。
2. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical
control of insects is available.
A. 使用化学方法控制昆虫除外，其它有效方法也可使用。
B. 除了不用化学方法控制昆虫外，应该还有其它方法可以使用。
C. 除了使用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其它各种奇妙的方法可以使用。
D. 控制昆虫的方法很多，使用化学方法只不过是其中之一也可使用。
3. We talked of our plans to wed and start a family, once we were
settled in Los Angeles, and we listened to the rain.
A. 我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，
外头还下着雨。
B. 一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，
还听着外头的雨声。

C. 我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一
面听着外头的雨声。
D. 一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，
而且一面听着外头的雨声。
4. I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I supposed
to my mother.
A. 我感到有人走近，于是伸出了手，以为是把手伸向母亲。
B. 我感到有人走近，我就伸出了手，因为我在等我的母亲。
C. 我感到有人向我走来，我想那是我母亲，她把手伸向我。
D. 我感到有人向我走来，我想那是我母亲，她伸手搂抱我。
5. Brindley worked, for example, to improve the grinding of flints,
which were used in the rising pottery industry.
A. 为了改进例如燧石的研磨过程，布林德雷努力工作着，燧石是新兴陶瓷
工业的常用材料。
B. 例如，布林德雷努力改进新兴陶瓷工业常用材料的研磨过程——燧石。
C. 例如，布林德雷努力改进燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的
材料。
D. 布林德雷努力改进例如燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材
料。
6. 他耷拉着脑袋坐在床边上。
A. He sat on the edge of the bed, his head lowered.
B. He was sitting on the edge of the bed, his head lowering.
C. He sat on the edge of the bed, with his head being lowered.
D. He was sitting on the edge of the bed, with his head lowering.
7. 评剧院里很多女演员学会了打毛衣，大都是我教她们的。
A. Many actresses in the Pingju Theatre learned to knit, in most cases
I taught them.

B. Many other actresses in the pingju Theatre learned to knit as well,
mostly from me.
C. Many actress in the pingju Theatre learned to knit, mostly from
me.
D. Many other actress in the Pingju Theatre learned to knit as well,
and in most cases I taught them.
8. 你明明写了那么多的作品，怎么说不是文学家呢？
A. You’ve written so many books, how can you say you’re not man of
letter?
B. You’ve written many, many books. How can you say you’re not a
man of letter?
C. You’ve written so many books. How can you say you’re not man of
letters?
D. You’ve written many, many books. How can you say you’re not a
man of letters?
9. 他睡得很死，连打雷都没有把他惊醒。
A. He slept like a log and was not even wakened up by the thunder.
B. He slept like a log and was not even awakened up by the thunder.
C. He slept like a log and was not even awoken up by the thunder.
D. He slept like a log and was not even awakened by the thunder.
10. 中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的国家，应该对人类有较大的
贡献。
A. A country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history,
China should make greater contributions to humanity.
B. China is a country with a vast territory, a big population and a
long history, should make greater contributions to humanity.
C. China has a vast territory, a big population and a long history,
and thus makes greater contributions to humanity.

D. As a country, China has not only a vast territory, a big population
but also a long history. Therefore, China should make greater
contributions to humanity.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each
followed by four choices labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best
completes each statement.
11. 针对鲁迅先生提出的“宁信而不顺”的主张，瞿秋白提出_________。
A. “宁顺而不信”
B. “信”和“顺”不应对立起来
C. 要容忍“多少的不顺”
D. 要保存原作的丰姿
12. 傅雷认为翻译重在_________。
A. 理论 B. 实践
C. 创新 D. 观察
13. 王佐良认为译者在处理个别的词时，他面对的是_________。
A. 两种语言 B. 两种文体
C. 两大片文化 D. 两套语法体系
14. According to Theodore Savory, a translator must ask himself:
_________.
A. (ⅰ) What does the author say?
(ⅱ) What does he mean?
(ⅲ) How does he say it?
B. (ⅰ) What does the author mean?
(ⅱ)What does he say?
(ⅲ)What does he want?
C. (ⅰ)What does the author say?

(ⅱ) Where does he say it?
(ⅲ) What does he mean?
D. (ⅰ) What does the author mean?
(ⅱ) How does he like it?
(ⅲ) What does he say?
15. 代词在英语和汉语里都经常使用，但总的说来，_________。
A. 英语代词用得多，汉语代词用得少
B. 英语代词用得多，汉语代词也用得多
C. 汉语代词用得多，英语代词用得少
D. 汉语代词用得少，英语代词也用得少
Ⅱ. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.
16. Premier
17. foreign exchange dealings
18. financial deficit
19. arbitration agency
20. regional autonomy
21. waste disposal
22. automobile components
23. sum total
24. inland waters
25. ASEAN
B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26. 金字塔

27. 中国公民
28. 维生素
29. 载人飞船
30. 生态环境
31. 世界贸易组织
32. 平等互利的原则
33. 内燃机
34. 版权保护
35. 可耕地
Ⅲ. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or
more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36. 原文：China’s vast size and resources, her extraordinary
economic progress over recent years, have made her an increasingly
important player in the modern international economy.
译文：中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，这使得中国在现代国际经济中
成为一个越来越重要的游戏者 。
37. 原文：His air of complete self-assurance and somewhat lordly
bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty
handshake.
译文：他和我握手时的那种热情和真挚不像是那么回事，他那十分自信和略
为高傲的派头真使我害怕。
38. 原文：She wore dark glasses, a thick sweater and a white scarf.

译文：她穿戴着墨镜、厚毛衣和白围巾。
39. 原文：She is neatly and quietly dressed in accordance with her
age and position.
译文：她穿着整齐、朴素，以便和她的年龄和身份相称。
40. 原文：My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply
grateful.
译文：我的夫人和我以及我们全党都非常感激。
41. 原文：It is better to be alone than in ill company.
译文：与其呆在不怎么样的公司，还不如一个人呆着。
B. Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or
more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me
a great honor.
改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection
of his essays.
42. 原文：深圳人自己总结经验，由内向型转为外向型经济。
译文：The people in Shenzhen reviewed their experience and decided
to shift the zone’s economy from an incoming orientation to an external
orientation.
43. 原文：“物极必反”，错误成了堆，光明就会到来。
译文：“Things turn into their opposites when they reach the extreme”;
mistakes pile up, light is not far off.
44. 原文：钻石湖风景秀丽，是这个城市的几大景点之一。
译文：The Diamond Lake, noting for its beautiful scenery, was regarded
as one of the outstanding views of the city.
45. 原文：没有科技知识要建设社会主义是不可能的。

译文：Without knowledge of science and technology is impossible to
build socialism.
Ⅳ. Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15
points)
46. We are still in the middle of the Industrial Revolution; We had
better be, for we have many things to put right in it. But it has made
our world richer, smaller, and for the first time ours. And I mean that
literally: our world, everybody’s world.
From its earliest beginnings, when it was still dependent on water
power, the Industrial Revolution was terribly cruel to those whose lives
and livelihood it overturned. Revolutions are—it is their nature,
because by definition revolutions move too fast for those whom they strike.
We still live in the middle of the Industrial Revolution and find it hard
to see its implications, but the future will say of it that in the ascent
of man it is a step, a stride, as powerful as the Renaissance. The
Renaissance established the dignity of man. The Industrial Revolution
established the unity of nature.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15
points)
47. 我家里生活苦，父亲做小买卖，妈妈是家庭妇女，弟弟妹妹 多。家
里最大的是我，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。
早晨去喊嗓子，我带着一个小篮拾煤 核，为了回家取暖。拾煤核也要放聪明
点，常常换换地方，为的是不受那些成群结队拾煤核的野男孩的欺 负。


2004 10
课程代码：00087
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上
PART ONE
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions
A. Directions: This part consists of five sentences， each followed by
four different translations labeled A，B，C and D. Choose the one that
is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and
expressiveness.
is well said， in every sense， that a man’s religion is the chief

fact with regard to him.
A.有人说，看一个人，主要是看他的宗教信仰，这一说法无论在何种意义上都是
十分恰当的。
B.人们说，从某种意义上来看，一个人的宗教信仰是他生命的重要成份。
C.据说，一个人的宗教信仰与他的为人密不可分。
D.大家都说，一个人的宗教信仰从某种意义上说是他本份生活的主要成份。
ial energy that is not so obvious as kinetic energy exists in many
things.
A.许多事物中都包含不如动能明显的势能。
B.不如动能明显的势能存在于许多事物中。
C.势能虽然不像动能那样明显，但它存在于许多物体之中。
D.当势能不像动能那样明显时，便可在许多物体中找到它。
often say that there are no places left on the earth where the foot
of man has not trodden.
A.我们常说地球上没有没留下人类脚步的地方。
B.人们常说人类的脚步践踏的地方地球上无处不在。
C.人们常说，人迹不到的地球上没有留下地方。
D.我们常说，地球上无处不留下人类的足迹。
is old enough to know better than to spend all her money on clothes.
A.她虽然老，但并不把钱都花在买衣服上，对此她十分明了。
B.她再老也不至于把所有的钱财都用于衣着上。
C.她年龄很大，只好把所有的钱都用来买衣服。
D.年龄不饶人，她只得花所有的钱买衣服来打扮自己。
stories with their unexpected endings are built around interesting
situation， rather than around analysis of character.
A.有着出人意料结局的小说的构思围绕着引人入胜的情景，而不是人物性格的分
析。
B.小说的结局出人意料，因为其构思围绕着有趣情景而不是人物性格。
C.小说的构思，围 绕着引人入胜的情景，而不是围绕着人物性格的分析，因此其
结局往往出人意料。
D.出人意料的小说结局是围绕有趣的情景描写，而不是围绕人物性格的分析。
B: Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements， each
followed by four choices labeled A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best
completes each statement.
6.我国古代著名的佛经译师______对自己提出的要求是：“既须求真，又须喻
俗。”
A.竺法兰B.玄奘
C.释道安D.鸠摩罗什
7.______翻译《天演论》， 宣传“物竞天择，适者生存”的观点，对其时思想界
有很大影响。
A.鲁迅B.严复
C.傅雷D.郭沫若
8.就英汉语言特点而言，下列选项中不正确的一项是______.
A.英语主从结构多，汉语并列结构多

B.英语被动态多，汉语被动式少
C.英语抽象名词多，汉语抽象名词少
D.英语成语多，汉语成语少
9.英语有时 在句子里先出______，然后再出它所指的人或物。汉语一般总是先出
实词，然后才用______ 。
A.名词 B.形容词
C.副词 D.代词
10.英语有些词的用法和汉语是 一致的，用起来不困难。但也有些词，特别是
______，用法和汉语不同。
A.名词 B.动词
C.副词 D.代词27.环保革命
28.水陆交通
29.议案
30.军事法庭
Ⅲ.Translation Improvement
A. Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more
inadequacies. Improve the given translations.

Example
Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
， water， sun—we can grow everything.
译文：土壤、水、阳光——我们种什么都行。
this suggested ancient harmonies.
译文：这一切都意味着古代的和谐。
property damage and disrupted lives result.
译文：财产遭损失，生活受影响往往是结果。
is the last person I want to see in the world.
译文：他是这个世界上我想见到的最后一个人。
is ignorant to a proverb.
译文：他不懂得这句谚语。
contract will be valid for 8 years.
译文：这个合同8年是有效的。
begin to tell upon him.
译文：岁月开始在他耳旁诉说。

， wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus， is the gift of the Nile.
译文：埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道，是尼罗河的礼物。
B. Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more
inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
Example
能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：to write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great

honor.
改译：Writing a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great
honor.
39.凶手被判死刑。
译文：The murderer was condemned to die.
40.一名队员跌入火山湖中，差点被淹死。
译文：A team member fell into the volcanic lake and narrowly escaped to
be drowned.
41.法国洞穴探险家伯杰是一位洞穴探险的狂热爱好者。
译文：French potholer， Berger， is a mania for cave exploration.
42.当时伽利略的书禁止在意大利出售。
译文：Galileo’s book was banned from selling in Italy.
43.不是你就是我要做这个新的实验。
译文：Either you or I are going to carry out the new experiment.
44.我们已经在南极建立了一个基地。
译文：We have set up a basis at the South Pole.
45.春天桃花盛开。
译文：The peach trees are in full bloom in spring.
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translation
A. Directions: Translate the underlined parts of the following English
passage into Chinese.
reason for studying psychology is to help you deal with your
children. Perhaps your daughter refuses to go to bed when you want her
to and bursts into tears at the least mention of ″light out″.A little
knowledge of psychology will come in handy. Offer her a choice of staying
up until 7∶30 with you or going upstairs and playing until 8∶
she gets to make the choice， she does not feel so powerless and will not
therefore resist. Psychology is also useful in rewarding a child for a
job well done. Instead of telling your 10-year-old son what a good boy
he is when he makes his own bed， tell him how neat it looks， how happy
you are to see it， and how proud of him you are for doing it by himself.
The psychology book will tell you that being a good boy is much harder
to live up than doing one job well.
B. Directions: Translate the underlined parts of the following Chinese
passage into English.
47.校长先生，
女士们，先生们：
我感谢陆登庭校长的邀请，使我有机会在这美好的金秋时节，来到你们这座 美国
古老而又现代化的学府。
哈佛建校三百六十年来，培养出许多杰出的政治家、科学家、文 学家和企业家，
曾出过六位美国总统，三十多位诺贝尔奖获得者。先有哈佛，后有美利坚合众国，
这说明了哈佛在美国历史上的地位

2005年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题
PART ONE （30 POINTS）
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions
marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of
meaning and expressiveness.
1．Egypt’s very soil was born in the Nile’s annual flood; with the flood came the life-giving mud
that made Egypt the granary of the ancient world.（ ）
A．埃及的土地就是尼 罗河每年泛滥而形成的。河水泛滥，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了
古代世界的粮仓。
B．埃 及的土地就是尼罗河每年泛滥而形成的。河水泛滥带来泥沙，万物得以生长，埃及就
这样成了古代世界的 粮仓。
C．因为每年河水泛滥，泥沙形成了埃及的土地，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。
D．万物之所以能生长，是因为埃及的土地是尼罗河每年泛滥带来的泥沙而形成的。埃及 就
这样成了古代世界的粮仓。
2．Since economic reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen
China’s GNP nearly quadruple.（ ）
A．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均10%的速度增 长，使其国民生产总值翻了两
番。
B．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10% 的速度增长，使其国民生产总值几乎
翻了几番。
C．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以 年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值增长
了四倍。
D．自1978年经济改革以来， 中国经济以平均每年10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值增
加到原来的四倍。
3．The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax of suffering on the farmers no
longer occur. Egyptian agriculture has been transformed, and industry is benefiting from power
generated by the dam. （ ）
A．过去不断给农民带来灾难 的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业
也用上了水坝发的电。
B．过去 不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到了改
造，工业也用上了水坝 发的电。
C．过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝< br>发的电也用在了工业上。

D．过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有 税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，
工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。
4．All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.（ ）
A．所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。
B．正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。
C．我对戏剧就像托尼对音乐一样，非常欣赏。
D．托尼不会欣赏音乐，同样我也不会欣赏戏剧。
5．I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but
also to those who have provided the splendid music. （ ）
A．我不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们提供美好音
乐的 人。
B．我不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们提供美好音
乐的人。
C．我不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们演奏好音乐
的人。
D．我特别赞扬的不是那些准备了这次盛晚宴的人，而是那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。
6．我就担心丧失机会。不抓呀，看到的机会就丢掉了，时间一晃就过去了。（ ）
A．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they
will slip through our fingers, time speeds by.
B．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. Don’t seize them, they will slip
through our fingers, because time speeds by.
C．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they
will slip through our fingers. Now that time flies fast.
D．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they
will slip through our fingers as time speeds by.
7．我感谢陆登庭校长的邀请，使我有机会 在这美好的金秋时节来到你们这座美国古老而又
现代化的学府。（ ）
A．I thank President Rudenstine to invite me to this old yet modern institution of the United States
in this golden fall.
B．I wish to thank President Rudenstine for inviting me to this old yet modern institution of the
United States in this golden fall.
C．I thank President Rudenstine for inviting me to this ancient yet modern institution of the U.S. in
this golden autumn.
D．I wish to thank President Rudenstine to invite me to this ancient yet modern institution of the
U.S. in this golden autumn.
8．合营各方按注册资本比例分享利润和分担风险及亏损。（ ）
A．The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their
contributions to the registered capital.
B．The parties to the venture shall divide the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their
contributions to the registered capital.
C．The parties to the venture shall divide and enjoy the profits, share the risks and losses in
proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.
D．The parties to the venture shall share the profits, and divide the risks and losses in proportion to
their contributions to the registered capital.

9．虽然我浑身酸痛，可是不干活儿不行呀！（ ）
A．Though I still ached all over, I must work.
B．Though I still ached all over, I had to work.
C．Though I still ached all over, I cannot but work.
D．Though I still ached all over, but I had to work.
10．中国自20世纪60年代开始进行海洋油气资源的自营勘探和开发。（ ）
A．Since the 1960s,China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its own.
B．Beginning from the 1960s, China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources
on its own.
C．As early as the 1960s,China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its
own.
D．Until the 1960s, China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its own.
B．Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices
labeled A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.
11．严复翻译的《天演论》，其原文的题目是（ ）
A．Inquiry into the Nature of Evolution
B．Study of Evolution and Ethics
C．Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays
D．Study of the System of Logic
12．周煦良在“翻译三论”一文中写道：直译可以分为三类，其中不包括（ ）
A．译音而不译意 B．照字面译
C．不妄改原文的字句 D．按照原文的结构或词序的翻译
13．Cicero said, “In doing so, I did not think it necessary （ ）.”
A．to translate word for word
B．to preserve the general style
C．to keep the force of the language
D．to change the form of the original
14．不符合科技英语特点的是（ ）
A．严肃的书面语体 B．词汇含义相对单一并且固定
C．广泛使用被动语态 D．趋向于使用多重复合结构
15．一般来说，在用词方面，（ ）
A．汉语喜欢重复，英语也喜欢重复
B．汉语不怕重复，英语也不怕重复
C．英语不喜欢重复，汉语也不喜欢重复
D．英语不喜欢重复，汉语则不怕重复
PART TWO （70 POINTS）
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points,1 point for each)
A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.
16．articles of association
17．telecommunications
18．come into force
19．poisonous chemicals
20．Vatican
21．the science of biotic control

22．academic exchanges
23．weapons of mass destruction
24．undermanned
25．instrument of ratification
B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26．诺贝尔奖获得者
27．奥运会
28．北洋军阀政府
29．预算
30．生产力
31．御花园
32．基金会
33．渔场
34．振兴中华
35．人类文明的发祥地
III．Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)
A．Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies.
Improve the given translations.
Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36．原文：I believe Chinese economic authorities recognize the problem and the next Five-Year
Plan will address it effectively.
译文：我相信中国经济管理部门已认识到这个问题，在下一个五年计划中会有效地提到它。
37．原文：World War II was more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the
imperialist powers over the spoils of market, resources and territories.
译文：第二次世界大战比第一次世界大战更 复杂，那是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场资源和领
土的冲突。
38．原文：Yet there was a bigger movement in the air by 1750.
译文：到了1750年，进行了一场更大的空中运动。
39．原文：Byron’s father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Augusta, Byron’s half-sister.
译文：拜伦的父亲和第一位妻子生了一个女儿，名叫奥古斯塔，是拜伦同母异父的妹妹。
40．原文：It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not
believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.
译文：告诫子女不要犯错误，那是没用 的，一来他们不听你的，二是错误本身也是教育的一
个重要方面。
41．原文：Driving southward from Cairo into the valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to
the present era.
译文：我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色没有亏欠多少现在的时代。
B．Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies.
Improve the given translations.
Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。

译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
42．原文：我最近还在另一个地方说过：艺术的最高境界是无技巧。
译文：I’ve also said recently in another place that the highest state to which art can attain is
artlessness.
43．原文：凤霞从1966年被迫离开舞台，后来又因病不能登台，至今已经14年之久。
译文：Fengxia was driven off the stage in 1966 and later fell ill, for 14 years she has not been able
to perform.
44．原文：合营企业的有关外汇事宜，应遵照中华人民共和国外汇管理条例办理。
译文：The foreign exchange transactions of an equity joint venture shall observe the regulations on
foreign exchange control of the People’s Republic of China.
45．原文：老年人有长处，但也有很大的弱点——老年人容 易固执，因此老年人也要有点自
觉性。
译文：Old people have strengths but also great weaknesses—they are easy to be stubborn, for
example—and they should be aware of that.
IV．Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A．Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)
46.
China may well be the favorite whipping boy of manufacturers in the United States these days.
But in the developing world, the country is becoming the trading partner of choice, drawing in
airplanes from Brazil, soybeans from Argentina and seafood from Malaysia, boosting economies
and leading to new political alliances.
The growing appetite of the world’s most populous nation has made China a new source of
income for the developing economies of South America and Asia.
“China’s booming imports from developing countries—especially of commodities—are not only
helping growth in countries from Brazil to Africa, but are already reshaping international trade
relations,”said Kenneth Rogoff, an economics professor at Harvard University.
Developed countries also are sending more goods to Chins, the world’s sixth- largest economy,
with an estimated $$1.334 trillion gross domestic product in 2003, according to the IMF.
B．Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)
47．
中国是一个发展中的沿海大国。中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护，把发展海洋事业作为 国家
发展战略，加强海洋综合管理，不断完善海洋法律制度，积极发展海洋科学技术和教育。中
国积极参与联合国系统的海洋事务，推进国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作，并认真履行自己
承担的义务， 为全球海洋开发和保护事业做出了积极贡献。
1998年是联合国确定的国际海洋年，中国政府愿借此机会介绍中国海洋事业的发展情况。

全国2005年4月自学考试英语翻译试题答案
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A： 1．B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5. C 6. D 7.B 8.A 9.
B 10. C
B： 11．C 12. C 13.A 14.B 15. D
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1point for each)
A.

16. 公司章程（仅译为“章程”意义不准确，不能得分） 17. 电讯电信 18. 生效 19. 化
学毒物有毒化学物质 20. 梵蒂冈 21. 生物控制（科）学 22. 学术交流 23. 大规模杀
伤性武器 24. 人员不足 25. 批准书
B.
26. Nobel Prize winner 27. Olympic Games 28. the Northern Warlord government 29.
budget 30. productive forcesproductivity 31. the imperial garden 32. foundation 33.
fishing ground 34. rejuvenation of China 35. the cradle of human civilization (关键词为
“cradle”，没有译出就算错)
III. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)
A.
36. 我相信中国经济管理部门已认识到这个问题，在下一个五年计划中 会有效的解决这个问
题。（考试重点：“address”的理解和翻译）
37．第一次世界 大战是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突，而第二次世界大战
比第一次更复杂。（考试重点 ：定语从句的翻译：倒置法）
38．然而，到了1750年，一场更大的运动已经在酝酿之中。（考试重点：“in the air”的理
解和翻译）
39．拜伦的父亲和第一位妻子生了一个女儿，名叫奥古斯塔，是拜 伦同父异母的姐姐。（考
试重点：对“half-sister”及上下文的理解）
40. 告诫子女不要犯错误，那是没用的，一来他们不听你的，二来犯错误本身也是受教育的
一个重要方面。（ 考试重点：增词：对“mistake”和“education”翻译处理）
41. 我从开罗驱车 南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色还没有受到多少现代的影响。（考试
重点：对“owe…to…”的 理解和处理）
B．
42．I’ve also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is
artlessness.（考试重点：对“另一个地方”的翻译，一般这种情况英文说“on another occasion”）
43．Since Fengxia was driven off the stage in 1966 and later fell ill, for fourteen years she has not
been able to perform.（考试重点：关联词，句首要用“since”，或在中间用“and”连接。）
44．An equity joint venture shall handle its foreign exchange transactions in accordance with the
（考regulations on foreign exchange control of the People’s Republic of China.（考试重点：主
谓搭配）
45．Old people have strengths but also great weaknesses—they tend to be stubborn, for
example—and they should be aware of that. (Also: be apt toinclined to)（考试重点：“容易”的
译法）
IV. Paragraph Translation(30 points)
A.
46. 参考译文：
美国的制造商当前很可能最喜欢拿中国作出气筒。但在发展中国家里，中 国却日益成为
首选的贸易伙伴。中国从巴西进口飞机，从阿根廷进口大豆，从马来西亚进口海鲜，一方面
促进各国经济的发展，一方面形成新的政治联盟。
中国这个世界上人口最多的国家，胃口越来越大，成了南美洲和亚洲发展中经济体的新
财源。
哈佛大学经济学教授肯尼思﹒罗戈夫说道：“中国从发展中国家不断扩大进口，尤其是
商品进口 ，这不仅促进了从巴西到非洲各国的发展，而且在改变着国际贸易关系的格局。”
发达国家也把越来越 多的货物销往中国。据国际货币基金组织称，中国2003年国内生

产总值估计为1.3 34万亿美元，中国的经济在全世界占第六位。
全文共分5句。第一句2分，第2至第5句，每句3分 。满分15分，包括分句评价分14
分，总体评价分1分。
第1句：理解词义，关于“whipping boy”，译文“拿…作出气筒”或“拿…撒气”均可。若
理解错误，扣2分。
第2句：理解词义，“this country”要用实称，译为“中国”，否则意义不清楚，扣1分 。“economies”
指“各国经济”，若只译为“经济”，有歧义，扣1分。
第3句：定语，“of the world’s most populous nation”需译 为主语，否则定语太长，扣1分。
“growing”可译为“appetite”的谓语，否则不顺， 扣1分，“the developing economies”若
译为“发展中国家”，不算错。
第4句：短语译为分句，将“China’s booming imports…”译为主谓结构，否则累赘，扣1
分。说话者可以放在引语之后，不算错。
第5句：同位语需单起一句。IMF若译不出，扣1分。
B．
47．参考译文：
As a major developing country with a long coastline, China attaches great importance to
marine development and protection, and takes it as the state’s development strategy. It is
constantly strengthening comprehensive marine management, steadily improving its marine laws,
and actively developing science, technology and education pertaining to the oceans. China has
made positive contributions to international ocean development and protection by participating
positively in UN marine affairs, promoting country-to-country and regional cooperation and
conscientiously carrying out its obligations in this field.
The year 1998 has been designated by the United Nations as the International Ocean Year, and
on this occasion the Chinese Government would like to introduce the progress of China’s work in
this particular field to the world.
汉语一个句号算一句，全文共4句。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。
第1句：1分。可与下一句合并，也可独立成句。
第2句：5分。“海洋法律制度”如译作“marine-related laws”，不算错。如副词未译出，不
算错。
第3句：5分。“国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作”如译作“cooperation between countries and
regions”，不算错。如positive 和positively未译出，不算错。
第4句：3分。“introduce”后面如无“to the end”之类的字样，扣1分。


全国2005年7月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题
第一部分 选择题 (共30分)
一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中 只有一个是最符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号
内。错选、多选或未选均无分。
（一）本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原
文最接近，选 择最佳译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。（20分）
1. Today has seen the practical fulfillment of the historic decision taken on 25 October 1971,
when the General Assembly voted to restore to the People’s Republic of China its lawful rights in

this organization.【 】
A. 今天已经目睹了1971年10月25日联合 国大会投票恢复中华人民共和国在该组织中的
合法权时所作出的历史性决定的实施。
B. 1971年10月25日，联合国大会投票恢复了中华人民共和国在该组织中的合法权，今天
已经目睹了 当时所作出的历史性决定的实施。
C. 1971年10月25日，当联合国大会投票恢复中华人民 共和国在该组织中的合法权时，它
作出了一项历史性的决定，到今天已经付诸实施了。
D. 1971年10月25日联合国大会投票恢复中华人民共和国在该组织中的合法权时所作出的
历史性决定 ，今天已经付诸实施了。
2. In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks this week, let us recognize at
the outset these points: ...【 】
A. 本着我希望成为我们这个星期会谈的特征的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几
点：……
B. 我希望我们这个星期的会谈很有特色，在坦率的精神指引下，让我们在一开始就认识到
这样几点：……
C. 我坦率地希望我们这个星期的会谈富有特色。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就
认识到这样几点：……
D. 我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识
到这样几点：……
3. The hatching larvae are parasitic, feeding on the flesh of the host.【 】
A. 幼虫在孵化过程中是寄生的，靠寄主的肉为生。
B. 孵化的幼虫是寄生的，可以给寄主提供肉类营养。
C. 孵卵的幼虫是寄生的，吃的肉来自寄主。
D. 幼虫在孵化过程中是寄生的，吃的肉来自寄主。
4. For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may, by domestic legislation,
assimilate to its own nationals any person domiciled in that State.【 】
A. 为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于那个国家的任何人同
化为本国国民。
B. 为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民
对待。
C. 为了本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将任何经常居住于那个国家的人变成自己
的国民。
D. 为推行本公约起见，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将常居该国的所有人转化为本国国
民。
5. When you are a child of the mountains yourself, you really belong to them. You need them.
【 】
A. 你要是在山里长大的，你就对山有感情，你就离不开它。
B. 你自己如果是大山之子，你就会成为其一分子。你需要它们。
C. 你要是亲自在山里长大，就会对山有归属感，就离不开它。
D. 当你自己是一个山里娃的时候，你就真正属于它们、需要它们。
6. 我的文章就像一个丑八怪，不打扮，看起来倒还顺眼些。【 】
A. My writing resembles an ugly monster, and it actually looks a little better without any
embellishment.
B. My writing resembles an ugly monster, and so it actually looks a little better without any

embellishment.
C. Though my writing resembles an ugly monster, it actually looks a little better without any
embellishment.
D. My writing not only resembles an ugly monster, but also looks a little better without any
embellishment.
7. 她不很爱说话，别人问了才回答，答得也不多。【 】
A. She said little, only answered briefly when being asked a question.
B. She said little, and only to answer briefly when asked a question.
C. She said little, only answering briefly when asked a question.
D. She said little, only to answer briefly when asked a question.

10. 五四运动是在当时世界革命号召之下，是在俄国革命号召之下，是在列宁号召之下发
生的。【 】
A. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, of the Russian
Revolution and of Lenin.
B. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, at the call of the
Russian Revolution and at the call of Lenin.
C. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, Russian
Revolution and Lenin.
D. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the revolution of the world, of the
Russian Revolution and Lenin.
(二) 本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择
最佳答案完成句子。 错选、多选或未选均无分。（10分）
11. 将“既须求真，又须喻俗”作为对自己做翻译的要求的是【 】
A. 鸠摩罗什 B. 玄奘
C. 释道安 D. 慧远
12. Tales from Shakespeare (1807)一书的书名，林纾的译文是【 】
A. 《吟边燕语》 B. 《海外轩渠录》
C. 《贼史》 D. 《块肉余生述》
13. 鲁迅的“宁信而不顺”，是针对当时“宁顺而不信”的翻译观提出来的；“宁顺而不信”
的提出者为【 】
A. 胡适 B. 周作人
C. 瞿秋白 D. 赵景深
14. 郭沫若认为文学翻译上所谓的“雅”，就是【 】
A. 文学价值或艺术价值比较高 B. 讲修饰
C. 高深 D. 采用汉以前的语言风格
15. Cicero’s translating of ancient Greek speeches is characterized by【 】
A. literal translation B. counting out words to the reader like coins
C. translating as an orator D. translating as a poet
第二部分 非选择题 (共70分)

二、 词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
（一）将下列词语译成中文（10分）
16. artery of communication

17. sounding-line
18. per capita
19. copyright proprietor
20. pitch lake
21. summer resort
22. BCCI
23. bell-boy
24. the Blue Nile
25. infertile eggs
（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）
26. 巴黎和会
27. 单产
28. 梵蒂冈
29. 个人所得税
30. 可持续发展
31. 阿克苏
32. 辛亥革命
33. 专属经济区
34. 太庙
35. 落汤鸡
三、 改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
(一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（12分）
Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文：I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers.
译文：我还记得给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的小名。
37. 原文：Some girls started to dance with each other immediately; others just stood around,
talking and looking.
译文：有几个姑娘马上互相跳起舞来，有一些只是站在四周，边看边说着话儿。
38. 原文：Soon the romantic “wild west” had ceased to be.
译文：不久，这片具有浪漫气氛的“西部荒原”便停止了。
39. 原文：He would do anything he was asked to do but return to his old life.
译文：他愿意做任何他被要求做的工作，只要让他回到旧的生活里去就行。
40. 原文：Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan.
译文：古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟着尼罗河很好地进入了苏丹境内。
41. 原文：As the ice is a little bit less dense than the water, so it floats.
译文：由于冰没有水那么密，所以它漂浮着。
(二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（8分）
Example:
原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.
改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.

42. 原文：日子很快的过去了，她的做工却毫没有懈，食物不论，力气是不惜的。
译文：Time passed quickly. Her work was as hard as ever, not caring what she ate, never sparing
herself.
43. 原文：这里的商品真是价廉物美。
译文：Commodities here are rather cheap in price and fine in quality.
44. 原文：下雨或阴天回戏，不响锣就不给钱，是那时的规矩。
译文：If bad weather cancelled a performance, the rule in those days was: No show, no pay.
45. 原文：谁都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。
译文：Everyone knows that the Korean battlefield was rather hard.
四、 段落翻译 （本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分）
(一)将下列短文译成汉语（15分）
46. Since economic reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen
China’s GNP nearly quadruple. The rewards for the people of China are clear, most visibly in the
dynamism and prosperity of Peking and the coastal cities.
For the international community the most striking consequence of these changes is that China has
grown to be the world’s eleventh largest economy, and is set to grow further.
China’s rapid emergence as a major world actor is a tribute to the drive and entrepreneurial spirit
of her people, and more particularly to the fundamental economic reforms she has pursued over
the past two decades. It is a clear testimony to the success of the open door policy led by Mr. Deng
Xiaoping.
(二)将下列短文译成英语（15分）
47. 相互了解，是发展国与国之间关系的前提。 惟有相互了解，才能增进信任，加强合作。
中美建交以来，我们两国人民之间的相互交流与了解在逐渐扩 大和加深，但还不够。为了推
动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国 。

2006年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语翻译试卷
本试卷共7页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms
of meaning and expressiveness.
1. Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.
A．正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。
B．蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。
C．正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。
D．蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。
2. The door opens, and who should enter but the very man we were talking of.
A．门开了，谁想到进来的正是我们刚才谈论的人。
B．门开了，除了那个我们正在谈论的人，谁应该进来?
C．门开了，谁还能进来，不就是那个我们刚才还在谈论的人嘛。
D．门开了，果然是我们刚才谈论的^．进来了。
3. It was quite a few years before Mark Twain finally finished his last novel.

A．在马克·吐温完成最后一部小说之前，已经是好几年了。
B．在马克·吐温完成最后一部小说之前，又是好几年了。
C．过了好几年，马克·吐温才终于完成最后一部小说。
D．马克·吐温完成了最后一部小说时，又过了好几年。
4. While we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try' to bridge it so that we may be able to
talk across it.
A．当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。
B．在我们不能弥合双方之问的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。
C．虽然 我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它
进行会谈。 ’
D．虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。
5. There is no one of us but wishes to go swimming in the lake.
A．我们没有人愿意去湖里游泳。 B．我们只有一个人想去湖里游泳。
C．我们并非人人都愿意去湖里游泳。 D．我们每一个人都想去湖里游泳。
6．中国现有宜农荒地3500万公顷，其中可开垦为耕地的约有1470万公顷。
A. China now has 35 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming of this, about
14.7 million hectares can be reclaimed.
B. China now has 35 million acres of wasteland which are suitable for farming, of this about
14.7 million acres can be reclaimed.
C. China now has 35 million acres of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about
14.7 million acres can be reclaimed.
D. China now has 35 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this,
about 14.7 million hectares can be reclaimed.
7．在旧社会，我们评剧演员常常挣钱不够吃饭，艺人们大都是拉家带口，生活困难。
A. In the old society, pingju performers seldom made enough to live on, and as most were
saddled with big families, their life was hard.
B. In the old society, pingju performers couldn't earn enough money to live on. Most of them
were saddled with big families, their life was hard.
C. In the old society, pingju performers seldom made enough money to eat. Most of them were
saddled with big families, and their life was hard.
D , In the old society, pingju performers couldn't earn enough money to eat, as most were saddled
with big families, their life was hard.
8．我第一次听她在晚会上唱歌，她的歌声就深深她打动了我。
A. Because it was the first time t heard her sing at a party, her song moved me deeply.
B. When I first heard her sing at a party, I was deeply moved.
C. I first heard her singing at a party, I was deeply move&
D. Because it was the fast time I heard her sing at a party, her voice moved me deeply.
9．1995年与1949年相比，粮食总产量增长了3倍多，年均递增3.1％。
A. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled the 1949 figure, or an average increase
of 3.1% a year.
B. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled, comparing the 1949 figure, or an
average increase of 3.1% a year.
C. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled 1949, compared with its output figure,
or an average increase of 3.1% a year.

D. 1995 and 1949 were in comparison that the former quadrupled the latter in terms of the total
grain output fugre, or an average increase of 3.1% a year.
10．五四运动是在思想上和干部上准备了一九二一年中国共产党的成立。
A. The May 4
th
Movement, both on ideology and on cadres, prepared for the founding of the
Communist Party of China in 1921.
B. The May 4
th
Movement, both in ideology and in cadres, prepared for the founding of the
Communist Party of China in 1921.
C. Both on ideology and on the matter of cadres, the May 4
th
Movement paved the way for the
founding of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921.
D. Both in ideology and in the matter of cadres, the May 4
th
Movement paved the way for the
founding of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices
labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.
11．Gulliver's Travels一书，林纾译作——．
A．《海外轩渠录》 B．《吟边燕语》 C．《块肉余生述》 D．《鲁滨孙
漂流记》
12．王佐良说：我们必须不断地学习，不断地——，不断地深入实践 。翻译者是一个永恒的
学生。
A．总结规律 B．深入观察 C．探讨理论 D．交流心
得
13. said,
A. Cicero B. Saint Jerome C. A.F. Tytler D. Theodore
Savory
14．施觉怀在“翻译法律文献的几个特点”一文中指出，法律文献翻译应该体现以下三个特点：
__ __。
A．条理清、文字美、格式规范。 B．条理清、文字美、意思全。
C．条理清、文字明、意思全。 D．条理清、文字明、格式规范。
15．翻译较长的句子，_______。
A．英语主要考虑如何突出重点、 B．汉语主要考虑如何避免重复
C．英语主要考虑时间顺序 D．汉语主要考虑多用主从结构
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.
16. Saint Valentine's Day 17. right to know
18. the stock of foreign investment 19. summer resort
20. a breach of contract 21. presidential campaign
22. advanced agrotechnology 23. economic sanctions
24. pharaoh 25. G8 Summit

B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26．互不干涉内政 27．平等互利的原则
28．科教兴国 29．享受免税的优惠待遇
30．社会主义市场经济 31．完成祖国统一大业
32．七届人大第三次会议 33．合同的中止或终止
34．安理会常任理事国 35．和谐社会

Ⅲ．Translation Improvement(20 points,2 points for each)
A．Directions：Each心the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies．Improve
the given translations．
Example：
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate．
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36．原文：A delighted giggle cut through the severe silence．The ice was broken。We al1 laughed．
译文：一阵咯咯的笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛。冰打破了。大家都笑了起来。

37．原文：I said，I didn't know you could speak En吵shy HC laughed and said，‘‘A little bit,’’
measuring with his finger and thumb．
译文：我说：‘‘没想到你会说英语呀。” 他笑了起来，接着说：“一点点。” 一面说着，
一面用食指和拇指量了量。

38．原文：It must be a terrific trip．He can't help but think his parents are for him．
译文：这一定是一次可怕的旅行。这就使他感到父母是支持他的。

39．原文：Following one of Paderewski's performances，a fan said to him，“I'd give my life to play
like that．'’The brilliant pianist replied，‘I did．’
译文：听完帕德雷夫斯基的演奏，一位乐迷对他说：“要是能弹得 像您这样，我宁愿献
出我的生命。，’这位卓越的钢琴家回答道：“我已经献出过了。”

40．原文：He didn't remember his father who died when he Was three years old．
译文：他不记得他三岁时去世的爸爸了。

B．Directions：Each of the following EngLish translations has one or more inadequacies。
Improve the given translations。
Example：
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor．
改译： I find it a great honor t0 write a preface to this collection of his essays.
41．原文：我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡。
译文：工was drenched from head to foot like a chicken in soup．

42．原文：长得好看的人不用浓妆艳抹。
译文：Physically attractive people don't need thick and colorful make-up．

43．原文：正副总经理由合营各方分别担任。
译文：The general manager and vice-general manager(s)should be assumed by the respective
parties to the venture．

44．原文：我们的信息技术取得了一个又一个辉煌胜利。
译文：Our information technology has won one brilliant victory after another．

45．原文：我是家里的老大，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。真是一个钱撕成八辦用。
译文：At thirteen，as the oldest child，I acted to help support the family．Each single copper
had to be divided into eight pieces．

IV. Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)
46. Every morning as the sky brightens over the Andaman Sea, workers here set out perfect lines
of white plastic chairs along the soft sand, punctuated by furled umbrellas ready to be opened as
the sun begins to burn.
Nearly four months after giant waves swept more than 5,300 people to their deaths along the
country's southern coast, the island of Phuket ( 普吉 ) --the crown jewel of Thailand's beach
resorts-has patched and pasted itself together.
An aftershock on March 28 caused a brief scare among those who felt it, but hotels, restaurants,
businesses and cruise operators say it has had virtually no long-term impact on bookings and
arrivals.
Along the main shopping streets, a few workers still hammer and drill, and some vendors hang
their wares in front of damaged shops. But Phuket today is almost as good as new.
All that is missing now, people on Phuket say, is the tourists.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)
47近二十年来的实践已充分证明，我们进行改 革开放的方向是正确的，信念是坚定的，
步骤是稳妥的，方式是渐进的，取得的成就是巨大的。虽然在前 进中也遇到这样和那样一些
困难和风险，但我们都顺利地解决了，不仅没有引起大的社会震动，而且极大 地解放和发展
了社会生产力，保持了社会稳定和全面进步。
现在，我们正在满怀信心地全面推 进改革。中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的
国家，应该对人类有较大的贡献。

全国2006年4月自学考试英语翻译试题答案
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A： 1．B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5. D 6. D 7.A 8.B 9.
A 10. D
B： 11．A 12. B 13.B 14.C 15. A
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1point for each)
A.
16. 情人节（圣瓦伦廷节） 17. 知情权 18. 外资存量 19. 避暑胜地 20. 违约（违反合
同） 21. 总统竞（大）选 22. 先进的农业技术 23. 经济制裁 24. 法老 25. 八国集团
首脑会议
B.
26. non-interference in each other’s internal affairs 27. the principle of equality and mutual
benefit 28. rejuvenate China through science and education 29. Enjoy the preferential treatment of
tax exemption 30. The socialist market economy 31. achieve (the great cause of)national
reunification 32. the third session of the Seventh National People’s Congress 33. the suspension
or termination of the contract 34. permanent member of the Security Council 35. harmonious
society

III. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)
A.
36. 一阵咯咯的笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛。谁也不拘束了（若译为“僵局打破了”，不
扣分），大家都笑了起来。（考试重点：比喻“The ice was broken”的翻译）
3 7．我说：“没想到你会说英语呀。”他笑了起来，用食指和拇指比划着说：“一点点。”（考
试重点： “measuring”的理解和翻译）
38．这一定是一次令人激动的（或好极了的）旅行。这就使 他感到父母是支持他的。（考试
重点：“terrific”的理解和翻译）
39．听完帕德 雷夫斯基的演奏，一位乐迷对他说：“要是能弹得像您这样，我愿意付出毕生
的心血。”这位卓越的钢琴 家回答道：“我已经付出了。”（考试重点：“I did”的翻译，翻译
的上下文及灵活性）
40. 他已记不得他的爸爸了。他三岁的时候爸爸就去世了。（考试重点：定语从句的特殊处
理）
B．
41．I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.（也可译为：a drowned chicken）（考
试重点：“落汤鸡”的翻译）
42．Physically attractive people don’t need heavy make- up.（考试重点：成语的翻译）
43．The offices of the general manager and vice-general manager(s) should be assumed by the
respective parties to the venture.（考试重点：前后搭配，英文要加“The offices of”）
44．We have won one brilliant victory after another in information technology.（考试重点：中英
两种语言差异，主谓搭配）
45．At thirteen, as the eldest child, I acted to help support the family. Each single copper had to be
eked out.（考试重点：正确理解原文，翻译的变通，长序的表达）
IV. Paragraph Translation(30 points)
A.
46. 参考译文：
每天清晨，安达曼海的天空刚刚发亮，这里的工人就把白塑料椅子整整齐 齐地摆在那柔
软的沙滩上，还有一些收拢的遮阳伞散落其间，准备等太阳晒得厉害了再把它们张开。
泰国南部沿海巨浪吞噬了5，3000人的生命，此事过去已快四个月了。普吉岛---- 泰国
海滨旅游胜地中的璀璨明珠---- 也已修缮完毕。
3月28日发生过一次余震，有人 有所感觉，产生过短暂的惊慌，但据酒店、饭馆、公
司、游艇业主称，这次余震对游客预订和到达几乎没 有什么长远的影响。
在几条主要商业街上，仍有一些工人手持榔头和钻在那里干活儿，一些商贩也把货 物挂
在了破损的商店门前。但普吉岛如今几乎可以说已是焕然一新了。
普吉岛上的老百姓说，现在缺少的就是游客了。
全文共分6句。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。
第1句：3分。“p unctuated”的意思是“散落其间”，若理解有误，扣1分。“furled”从上下
文可以看 出其含义是“收拢的”，若理解错误，扣1分。
第2句：3分。“the country”指泰国。 国名要译出，若只译作“南部沿海”，扣1分，前半
句是时间状语，译文可独立成句，若不独立成句，扣 1分，“patched and pasted”泛指“修
缮”，若理解错误，扣1分。
第3句：3分。前半句“An aftershock…who felt it”，原文是主从复合句 ，要求译文用并列结
构，先说发生过余震，再用“有人”引出两个并列谓语。译文若仍用主从结构，扣2 分。
第4句：2分。“streets”是复数，需要“几条”之类的词来表示，如表示不清，扣1分 。“hammer

and drill”都是动词，若只译作“锤和钻”，扣1分。
第5句：1分。“as good as”可译作“可以说”或“和…一样”。若误译，扣1分。
第6句：2分。 “people on Phuket say”，译文要提前，否则扣1分。
B．
47．参考译文：
Practice in the last twenty years has eloquently proved that we are going in the right direction,
firm in conviction, steady in our steps and gradual in our approach when carrying out the reform
and opening-up and that we have achieved tremendous successes. We have overcome various
difficulties and risks in the course of our advance without causing great social unrest. Rather, we
have succeeded in greatly releasing and developing social productive forces and maintained social
stability and an all-round progress.
We are conducting a comprehensive reform with full confidence. A country with a vast
territory, a big population and a long history, china should make greater contributions to humanity.
汉语一个句号算一句，全文共4句。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。
第1句：5分。“实践”一词，除 practice外，若译作our experience之类的 字眼，不算错。
这一句译文要以we作主语，若以“方向”、“信念”、“步骤”、“方式”、“成就” 为主语，频
繁更换主语，不合英语说法，扣3分。
第2句：5分。若出现although… but…，扣2分。“解决”一词若译作及物动词，而又无宾
语，扣2分。
第3句：2分。
第4句：2分。如缺应有的冠词，酌情扣分。



全国2006年7月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题
课程代码：00087
(请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上)
一、 单项选择题 （本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
（一）本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备 选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择
最佳译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。（20分）
1. Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan.
A. 古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟随着尼罗河一直到苏丹。
B. 古埃及的坟墓和寺庙很好地跟随着尼罗河，然后进入苏丹。
C. 尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以见到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。
D. 从尼罗河到苏丹，有许多古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。
2. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this
passionate struggle.
A. 愤怒和痛苦接连几个星期折磨着我，一种深深的无力战胜了这种激烈的斗争。
B. 几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常痛苦，这种感情上的激烈斗争过去之后，我感到浑身无力。
C. 愤怒和辛酸折磨着我，已经有好几个星期了，经过激烈的挣扎，我感到浑身无力。
D. 我又气又痛苦，接连几个星期都这样。这种激烈的挣扎把我折磨得一点力气都没有。
3. It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he
stopped and turned.
A. 这是一个老 妇女，虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，仍然个子高挑，身材匀称，当他停下转身时，目光
落在她身上。
B. 他站住，转过身，定睛一看，是个年迈的妇女，她虽然受时间的煎熬显得有些憔悴，仍然身材高挑 ，一
副好模样。
C. 他站住，转过身，定睛一看，是一个虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴 ，仍然身材高挑，一副好模样的年
迈的妇女。

D. 这是一个个子高挑，身材匀称的老妇女，但受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，当他停下转身时，他看到了她。
4. I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers.
A. 我记得儿时的名字、小草和秘密的小花。
B. 我记得在我儿时，我的名字是以小草和隐藏的小花命名的。
C. 我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的名字。
D. 我记得童年时给各种小草起的名字和一些隐蔽的小花。
5. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.
A. 我从未听说过美国音乐在国外比国内要演奏得好。
B. 我在国外时，从未听到美国音乐比现在还要演奏得好。
C. 我从未听到过美国音乐在国外演奏得比这更好的。
D. 我在国外从未听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。
6. 他在中国旅游过的地方，除了泰山以外，都是我没有到过的！
A. In China, he has been to many places which I have never visited, with the exception of Mount Tai.
B. He had gone to many places in China, which I had never been to except Mount Tai.
C. The many places he has been to in China are what I haven’t been to apart from Mount Tai.
D. I have been to Mount Tai. But I haven’t been to many places which he has been to in China.
7. 回家的感觉真好，可以吃到妈妈亲手做的家乡菜。
A. I feel good to be at home. I can eat the hometown dishes my mom makes.
B. I feel so nice back home that I could eat the home dishes made by my mom.
C. It feels great to be home. I can enjoy the local dishes my mom makes.
D. The feeling of going back home was really great. I can enjoy the taste of my hometown dishes cooked
by mother.
8. 中国从美国的进口额，1978年为9亿美元，到1982年增加到近30亿美元。
A. China’s imports from America were $$900 million in 1978 and then it rose by $$ 3 billion in 1982.
B. America’s imports from China jumped from $$900 million in 1978 to $$ 3 billion in 1982.
C. China’s imports from America amounted from $$900 million in 1978 to $$ 3 billion in 1982.
D. China’s imports from the US rose from $$900 million in 1978 to $$ 3 billion in 1982.
9. 中国有12亿多人口，陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。
A. China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natural resources per capita are lower than
the world’s average.
B. China’s population is 1.2 billion and the natural resources on the land per head are lower than the
world’s average level.
C. The 1.2 billion people in China have lower land natural resources than in the world each.
D. The land natural resources 1.2 billion Chinese have are less than the world has.
10. 最近天气暖和了，有不少人想趁周末出去走走。
A. It is getting warm these days. Many people want to go out for a walk on the weekend.
B. It has been getting warmer these days. Many people like to take a short trip on the weekend.
C. Recently the weather is becoming warm. Quite a few people want to go out to walk during the weekend.
D. As the climate is becoming warmer and warmer, some people want to have a walk in the weekend.
(二) 本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句
子。 错选、多选或未选均无分。（10分）
11. 对初学者来说，翻译的标准是
A.忠实 B.文雅
C.传神 D.忠实和通顺
12．_______不喜欢重复，如果在一句话 里或相连的几句话里需要重复某个词语，则用_______来代替，
或以其他手段来避免重复。
A. 汉语，名词 B. 英语， 副词
C. 英语，代词 D. 汉语，代词
13. 在“翻译三论”一文中提出“雅”应当作为“得体”来理解的是
A. 钱钟书 B. 周煦良
C. 傅雷 D. 王佐良
14. 费道罗夫在《翻译理论概要》中提出了________。
A．确切翻译的原则 B. 自由翻译的原则
C. 逐字翻译的原则 D.神似翻译原则
15. “Chinglish is the most important and difficult problem in translation” is expressed by
A. George Steiner B. Sol Adler
C. Eugene A. Nida D. Charles R. Taber
二、 词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）

（一）将下列词语译成中文（10分）
16. environmental law
17. industrial revolution
18. the gold rush
19. floods and droughts
20. British Association for the Advancement of Science
21. foreign exchange
22. self- reliance
23. infrastructure
24. copyright protection
25. World Cultural Heritage
（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）
26. 国民生产总值 27. 福利工厂 28. 战争与和平 29. 新民主主义 30. 十五世纪初 31. 儿童文学 32.
双边贸易 33. 知识经济 34. 个人所得税 35. 发展中国家
三、 改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
(一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分）
Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文: Chou arranged for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application
had been sent to China and an answer received.
译文：周恩来把他们作为候补党员加入党在柏林的支部，直到他们的入党申请书被寄到中国并收到回复。
37. 原文: Brindley’s improvements were practical.
译文：布林德雷的改良是实际的。
38. 原文: The road followed the course of the Nile, now passing through the fields, now drawing a black
line separating them from the desert.
译文：公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的，现在穿过庄稼地，现在像是划的一条黑线，这边是庄稼，那边是沙漠。
39. 原文: The people of the United States also have experienced the benefits of world trade.
译文：美国人民也已经经历了国际贸易的好处。
40. 原文: India is a smuggler’s delight.
译文：印度是走私者的快乐。
(二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分）
Example:
原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.
改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
41. 原文: 过去向我们学习的人，现在反而超过了我们，这对我们确实是一种鞭策。
译文：People who had learned from us now excelled us. It was a real challenge.
42. 原文: 本公约须经签字国批准或接受。
译文：This convention should be bound by the ratification or acceptance by the signatory states.
43. 原文: 中国的海域有丰富的海水资源。
译文：China’s seas have rich seawater resources.
44. 原文: 她口角边渐渐地有了笑影，脸上也白胖了。
译文：Little by little smiling appeared at the corner of her mouth, while her face became white and fat.
45. 原文: 罗马是建在七山之上的城市，拥有大小500座教堂。
译文: Rome was located on seven hills with big and small five hundred churches.
四、 段落翻译 （本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分）
(一)将下列短文译成汉语（15分）
46. A modern wife has now been given the choice of whether or not to stay at home and be a full-time
housewife. Thirty years ago it was expected that when a girl got married she automatically stopped
working to become a full-time housewife and mother. In the 1990’s, society does not expect that of
woman. Women today have the freedom to continue with their careers and the freedom to choose
whether or not to have children. Some couples deliberately choose not to have children in favor of
pursuing interesting and well-paid careers, while others choose to have children at a much later time.
(二)将下列短文译成英语（15分）
47. 单位里有了个 钱多事少离家近的工作，领导要求希望得到这一工作的人马上提出申请。有人特意向一
贯清高的乌先生传 达时，乌先生没听完就溜了。事后他对朋友说：“这种事早就有内定的人选，提出申请，

左右都会给领导落下话柄。三十六计，走为上计，走而不战是不算输的。”
Key to 2006-07真题
1-5 C B B C D 6-10 A D D A B 11-15 D C B A B
16. 环境保护法 17. 工业革命
18. 淘金热 19. 旱涝两害
20. 英国科学促进协会 21. 外汇
22. 自力更生 23. 基础设施
24. 版权保护 25. 世界文化遗产
26. Gross National Product (GNP) 27. welfare factory
28. war and peace 29. New democracy
30. in the early 15th century 31. children’s literature
32. two- way trade bilateral trade 33. knowledge economy
34. individual income tax 35. developing country
36. 周恩来替他们办理加入党在柏林的支部的手续，在入党申请书寄往中国而尚
未批准之前，暂作候补党员。
37.布林德雷所作的改良是很实际的。
38.公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的，有时穿过穿过庄稼 地，有时像是划的一条黑线，
这边是庄稼，那边是沙漠。
39.美国人民也有得益于国际贸易的经历。
40.印度是走私者的乐园。
41. It was a real challenge that people who had learned from us now excelled
us.
42. This convention should be subject to ratification or acceptance by the
signatory states.
43. China’s offshore areas abound in seawater resources.
44. Little by little a trace of smile appeared at the corner of her mouth, while
her face became whiter and plumper.
45. Rome was located on seven hills with 500 churches, big and small.
46. 现代生活已经赋予了人们选择是否在呆在家里做个全职太太的 权利。30年
前的情况是，姑娘出嫁以后，就自然而然地成为一个全职太太。但到了20世纪
9 0年代，社会对女性的这个要求已经没有了。今天的女性既有继续工作的自由，
也有选择是否生儿育女的 自由。有的夫妇为了从事有趣而高薪的职业而故意不生
孩子，而有的则选择晚一些时候生孩子。