适合专科生考研的学校-30英文怎么读
第十一讲 构词法
1．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)Then，handle the most
important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense
of (achieve)．
2．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)Some
people think that the great Chinese scholar
Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479
B．C.，influenced the (develop) of
chopsticks.
3．(2016·高考全国乙卷短文改错)Instead，he
hopes that his business will grow steady.
4．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)At one time，I even felt my
parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could
be freely from
them.
5．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)I showed them I was
independent by wear strange clothes.
6．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Walls made of adobe take in
the heat from the sun on hot days and give out
that heat
(slow)during cool
nights，thus warming the house.
7．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)As
(nature)architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out
exactly how thick the adobe walls
needed to be
to make the cycle work on most days.
8．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie & Kent，a travel
company in Hong Kong，says it
(regular)arranges quick
getaways here for
people...
9．(2015·高考广东卷语法填空)
(lucky)，he also had a cow which looked almost
abandoned.
10．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)The river was
so polluted that it (actual)caught fire
and burned.
11．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)While there
are
(amaze)stories of instant
transformation，...
12．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Everyone on the bus began
talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd
of strangers
(sudden)became
friendly to one another.
13．(2014·高考辽宁卷语法填空)I
can't control my body legs become
(pain)．
14．(2013·高考广东卷语法填空)That would be a
very
(reason)thing to do in a big
city.
15．(2013·高考广东卷语法填空)But such a small
thing couldn't
(possible)destroy a
village.
答案：ement pment →steadily →free
→wearing l rly
y ly g 12．suddenly l able ly
1．常考前缀
(1)表示否定或相反意义的前缀dis?，mis?，un?，il?，im?，
in?，
ir?，non?，anti?：disagree，misunderstand，unwilling，il
legal，impossible，nonstop等。
(2)形容词变动词的前缀en?：abl
e→enable；large→enlarge，rich→enrich等。
(3)其他：int
er?相互，over?超过，re?重新，ex?以前的，super?超，vice?副：interact
ion，overweight，reuse，ex?husband，super?natural，
vice?chairman。
2．常考后缀
(1)形容词＋ly变成副词：real→r
eally，angry→angrily，possible→possibly等。
(2)动词或
名词变成形容词的后缀?able，?ful，?ous，?y，?al，?ible，?ive，?ary：n
ature→natural，use→useful，continue→continuous，
h
ealth→healthy等。
(3)动词变名词的后缀?al，?ance，?ence，?ti
on，?ssion，?ment，?ture，?y：arrive→arrival，appear→app
earance，exist→existence，
invite→invitation等。 (4)形容词变名词的后缀?cy，?dom，?ence，?th，?age，?ty，?ity：flu
ent→fluence，wise→wisdom，silent→silence，grow→growth
，
safe→safety等。
(5)表示人的后缀?er，?or，?ist，?ee，?
ess，?ese，?an，?ian，?ant：teacher，inventor，artist，emp
loyee，Chinese，American，musician，
servant等。
(6)表示否定的后缀?less：hopeless，endless，fearless，careless
，treeless，meaningless等。
(7)形容词变动词的后缀?en，?fy：br
oad→broaden，class→classify等。
(8)名词变动词的后缀?ize：apology→apologize等。
3．转化法
(1)名词→动词：back
n
．背→
vt
.支持，seat
n
．座→
vt
.容纳。
(2)动词→名词：walk→take
a walk，survey→make a survey。
(3)形容词→动词：slow
adj
.慢的→
v
.减慢。
4．合成法
(1)名词＋名词→名词：classroom，teamwork，newspaper。
(2)形容词＋名词→名词：blackboard，highway。
(3)副词＋名词→名词：overcoat，underground，outbreak。
(4)副词＋动词→动词：update，overlook。
(5)名词＋动词→动词：sun?bathe，proof?read。
(6)名词＋分词→形容词：man?made，hand?made，peace?keeping。
(7)形容词＋分词→形容词：good?looking。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Mary was very at the news，so she
looked at her husband，her eyes full
of .(sad)
2．He
football very well and he was one of the best
in yesterday's football match.(play)
3．Look！How Kate is laughing！She
seems to be the girl in the
world.(happy)
4．To our ，the
headmaster was very with our
report.(satisfy)
5．Edison was a great
．During his life he had many ．(invent)
6．I should my task and make it
to finish it.(simple)
7．The boy having the
of being half starved ，never to be seen
again.(appear)
8．The police the
pot and a plot against the
President.(cover)
9．You are so to
help you for your ．(kindly)
10．Everything is becoming than
before and many college students have to work to
make some money for their
college
．(expend)
11．Soccer is played by millions of
people all over the world，but there have been only
a few (play)who are
(true)great.
12．Many people have the
(acknowledge)that environmental protection is a
r，few of them take any
(act)on
this movement.
13．When the residents expressed
their (encourage)to the
(courage)boy，he showed a
(determine)look.
14． (rude)is
never 't assume it is OK to be rude if the person
you're in touch with won't
(recognition)you.
15．On my
(arrive)at my destination，I was greeted with
(smile)faces and treated like a queen.
16．However，most (science)agree that
EQ has a lot to do with (educate)．
17．Excellent oral and written
(communicate)skills in Chinese and English are of
(important)．
18．His shout
frightened the boys.
＝The shout was
and the boys felt ．(frighten)
19．His look suggested that he knew
nothing about it.(surprise)
20．The story
sounds and we are in the
story.(interest)
答案：；sadly；sadness ；players
y；happiest action；satisfied or；inventions
fy；simple ance；disappeared ered；uncovered
；kindness expensive；expenses s；
truly
ledgement；action agements；courageous；determined
ss；recognize l；smiling
ists；education
ication；importance ening；frightening；frightened
sed sting；
interested
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．A
difficult person will be easier to cooperate if
understand is achieved.
2．The actually reasons for this phenomenon are
the subject of a very heated discussion.
3．It's surprised what people will do
for money.
4．When facing danger，one should keep calmly.
5．Are you being completely honesty about your
feelings?
6．I was thrilling to be invited.
7．Hopeful，we'll arrive before dark.
8．I felt extreme upset，and I couldn't believe
my mother refused to help the animal.
9．Was she telling me the true or trying to
cheat me?
10．In this increasingly competitive world，we
are supposed to enrich ourselves constant to keep
in pace with the modern society.
答案：tand→understanding ly→actual sed→surprising
→calm y→honest
ing→thrilled l→Hopefully
8．extreme→extremely →truth nt→constantly
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2016·江西南昌模拟)Lionel Messi，1. player
from the South American country Argentina，is one
of the greatest soccer
players alive a young
age，he 2. (move) to Spain and now plays
3. (profession)for the FC
started
playing soccer at the age of 5 for a small soccer
team 4. (own)by his as a young
boy，he did very when he was 11 years old，he
found out he had a sickness which would prevent
him from growing much
5. (tall)．There was
a way to help him grow more，
6. his
parents did not have enough money to pay for his
medical ，they looked around for a soccer club 7.
would
be able to do this for clubs in
Argentina couldn't help him，but the famous FC
Barcelona in Spain offered 8. (accept)Messi
on the junior team and pay for the Messi
family happily took the offer and moved to the FC
Barcelona，Messi was
one of the best 9.
(play)through his teen years.10. his
incredible talent，Messi has surprised the world.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了著名足球运动员Lionel Messi的成长故事。
1．解析：a。考查冠词。player是可数名词，且第一次在文章中出现，故用不定冠词修饰。
2．解析：moved。考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“At a young
age”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
3．解析：professionall
y。考查词性转换。此处用professionally修饰动词plays。
4．解析：owned。考查非谓语动词。own和a small soccer
team构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
5．解析：taller。考查形容词比较级。m
uchfarany等副词往往修饰形容词或副词的比较级，根据语境可知，此处用taller。
6
．解析：but。考查连词。根据上下文语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用转折连词but。
7．解析：thatwhich。考查定语从句。that或which引导限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语
，修饰先行词a soccer club。
8．解析：to
accept。考查非谓语动词。此处是固定用法offer to do
sth，不定式短语作宾语，符合语境。
9．解析：players。考查词性转换。根据提示the
best和代词one可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。
10．解析：With。考查介词。此处用w
ith表示“具备，有”，其后跟名词、代词或动名词，符合语境。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Someone asks me what on the earth happiness
means？I can't give you the exactly definition of
it，but I'm sure if you love and
help
others，you'll get it.
I'll never forget an old
lives a small house 's said that her husband and
her son were died in a traffic
bitter her
life is！But the old lady often helped others with
a er it snows，she is always the first to
clean
the looks after several children living nearby.I
am one of those.I often remember the stories she
told about us
and her kind s she is lucky，but
I think she is a happy life full of laughter and
love.
答案：
Someone asks me what on
exactly
earth happiness means？I can't give
you the
exact
definition of it，but I'm
sure if you love
and help others，you'll
get it.
I'll never forget an old lives a
small house 's said that her husband and her son
died
helpedWherever
in a traffic bitter
her life is！But the old lady often
helps
others with a smile.
Whenever
it snows，she
is always
those
the first to clean the
looks after several children living nearby.I am
one of
them
.
lucky
I often remember
the stories she told about us and her kind s she
is
unlucky
，but I think she is a happy
life∧,is) full of laughter and love.
Ⅴ.阅读提升
A．阅读下列句子，写出黑体单词的词义。
1．The
flight was already fully booked.
2．She was freed from prison last week.
3．You don't need to shoulder the blame for
this failure.
4．We will try our best to better our living
conditions.
5．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ变式)Within a short
time，however，the burden of caring for the animal
is handed over to the parents.
答案：1.预订 2.释放 3.承担，肩负 4.改善 5.负担；传，移交
B．阅读下列句子，写出黑体单词的意思并指出词根。
如：Unlike his
son，the old dislike big cities.
不像；
不喜欢； like
1．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ改编)Stonehenge is one of the
world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating
back over 5，000 years.
2．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ改编)Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once
flew over much of the United States in
unbelievable numbers.
3．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ改编)Starting before you feel
ready is one of the habits of successful people.
4．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ改编)In my free time，I will
continue to take regular exercise，such as
swimming，running and various
ball games.
5．Instead of looking at the situation from
this hopeless angle，look at everything you still
have and be thankful for all of
the good in
your life.
答案：1.出名的；fame；史前的；history
2．难以置信的；believe
3．成功的；success
4．各种各样的；vary
5．绝望的；hope；感激的；thank
C．大声地反复朗读下列短文，留意领悟画线黑体部分。
思考：下面的单词有什么特点？各种
前缀如何用？各种前缀表示什么意思？单词加了前缀后词性有没有变化？
John and his
father never agree on one thing，so they often
disapproveof each other，for there was some
misunderstandingbetween
，John and his parents
went to his aunt's home for they left after
dinner，
John said“Bye?bye！”to his aunt in a
low r，his father didn't hear it and he thought
John misbehaved himself
for it was impolite to
leave without saying insisted that he did say
it，but his father didn't listen to
then
on，John was unfriendly to his father，which made
his father extremely unhappy
do so.
[5][6]．
[4]
[3]
[1][2]
Undoubtedly，it is
unwise of John to
[7][8]
After
all，they are father and father sent him to a
class of manners to enrich his knowledge of
manners，which his
father believed would
enable
certainly
endanger
[12]
[10]
[9]
him to be a
good?mannered 's father said he was angry at his
son's dishonesty
[13]
[11]
，which would
his father's nonstop nonsense caused John
much discomfort
[14]．
John had to go to the
on，he did everything against his father's
will.
约翰和父亲总有分歧，所以他们经常不赞同对方的想法，因为他们之间有一些误会。一次，
约翰和父母去姑姑家吃饭。晚饭后当他们离开时，
约翰小声对姑姑说“再见”！然而，他的父亲没听到，
他认为约翰不懂规矩，不告而别是非常不礼貌的。约翰坚持说他确实说了，但他父亲不听。
从此，约翰对
父亲很不友善，这使他的父亲非常不高兴。毫无疑问，约翰这样做是不明智的。
毕竟，他们是父子。他
的父亲把他送去上礼仪班以丰富他的礼仪知识，父亲认为这样做会使他成为一个懂礼貌的男孩。约翰的父亲说对于
儿
子的不诚实他感到很生气，他的不诚实当然会危及他的未来。父亲不间断的唠叨让约翰很不舒服。约翰
不得不去上课。此后，他总是和父亲对着
干。
构词法