数词与量词作主语时的用法(11月30日)

数词与量词作主语时的主谓一致情况

1. 表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等名词的复数作主
语时，通常当整体看，谓语用单数形式。
Twenty years is a long time in one’s life. 20年在人的一生中
是很长的一段时间。
Forty miles was covered in a single night. 一夜走了40英里。
20，000 dollars is not a small sum of money. 两万美元不是一
笔小数目的钱。
2. 分数和百分数修饰可数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语的形
式取决于它们表示的意义。
About one third of the books are worth reading. 这些书中大约有13值得读一读。
A large percentage of the wheat crop was ruined by the flood. 大部分的麦类作物被洪水毁掉
了。
Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday. 昨天只干了60%的工作。
About 20 percent of the students are absent today. 今天有大约20%的学生缺席。
3. 由“kind (form, type, sort, species, portion, series) of”等修
饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后
面所跟的名词。如：
This new type of buses is now on show. (但Buses of this kind
are now on show.)
现在正展出一种新型的公共汽车。
All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome. 必须克服各种
各样的困难。
Some new forms of art were discussed at the meeting. 会上讨

论了一些新的艺术形式。
4．a number of(许多)，a variety of (各种各样的)和a group
of(一群，一组)修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词要求用复数形
式。但the number of(…的数目)和the variety of(…的种类)
修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A number of students are from the south.
许多学生来自南方。
The number of students from the north is small.
来自北方的学生人数很少。
The variety of goods on sale in that shop is surprising.
商店减价的货物的品种多的惊人。
5. 若主语由many a, more than one + 名词构成，尽管从意
义上看是复数，但谓语仍用单数。
More than one student has failed the exam.
不止一个学生考试不及格。
6．a quantity of及quantities of都可修饰单复名词；quantities
of后的谓语总用复数；a quantity of后的谓语取决于名词的
单复数。
With more forests being destroyed, a large quantity of earth is
being washed away each year.
= With more forests being destroyed, quantities of earth are
being washed away each year.

随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，每年有大量的泥土被冲走。