2012年度1月、4月、7月、10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试_英语(二)试卷及答案

2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷
PART ONE（50 POINTS）
1． Vocabulary and Structure（10 points，1 point each）
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1．All theories______from practice and in turn serve practice．
A．differ B．rangeC．recover D．originate
2．There is little______increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading．
A．aim B．useC．valueD．meaning
3．what you say now is not______with what you said yesterday．
A．insistent B．prevalentC．consistent D．permanent
4．Putting prisoners in chains doesn’t solve the______0f crime，such as poverty or disaffection within society．
A．causes B．victimsC．purposesD．increases
5．Binary stars，as their name suggests，are twin stars whose position in space______ each other．
A．affects B．expects C．perfects D．inspects
6．All evidence relevant______the case should be gathered and analyzed．
A．with B．toC．from D．for
7．Come what______we’ll go ahead with our plan．A．can B．need C．may D．must
8．We should______primary importance to the development of economy．
A．attach B．convertC．attribute D．contribute
9．Examiners who are______to favorites are criticized by many people．
A．indifferent B．similar C．equivalent D．partial
10．Look for small ways to add activity to your day, like taking the stairs______the elevator or going on a short walk．
A．in spite of B．instead ofC．in terms of D．in view of
II．Cloze Test（10 points，1 point each）
下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，
并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 。
People produce food in many ways．Agriculture，or farming，developed j thousands of years ago. ___11___about 100
years ago, most farmers in the United States Produced only enough food for their own___12___Today,modern equipment
and farming methods have greatly ___13___the American farmer’s productivity.
In various parts of the world,people___14___many animals that supply meat and milk. Cattle, horses, goats, sheep, and
pigs are important food animals. In the United States, the cow is the major source of milk products. Chickens___15___
people with both meat and eggs.
Fishing is an important source of food , ___16___in areas near the sea. Some countries, like Japan, consume much more
fish than meat.
The wealthy areas of the world consume the most food , ___17___include the United States, Canada, and Europe. Many
countries are able to import food if it cannot be produced at home. ___18___Great Britain imports about 75percent of its
meat，and grows less than half the food its people require.
___19___people of the poor countries of the world usually eat only what they are able to produce themselves. In some
parts of Asia, people live ___20___rice alone.
11．A．In B．Until C．From D．for
12．A．needs B．reasons C．efforts D．interests
13．A．protected B．supported C．increased D．reflected
14．A．grow B．raise C．train D．store
15．A．prepare B．treat C．serve D．provide
16．A．certainly B．actually C．occasionally D．especially
17．A．these B．where C．which D．they
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18．A．In addition B．For example C．Above all D．After all
19．A．However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．instead
20．A．with B．for C．on D．through
III．Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points each）
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Lately it has become fashionable in America to question whether it is really worth it to go to college. According to a
new survey released by the Pew Research Center, only 40 percent of Americans felt that colleges provided a good value for
the cost. At the same time,86 percent of college graduates still felt the investment was a good one for them.
There are a number of reasons for the widespread dissatisfaction with college. First, there are plenty of problems with
higher education—poor quality and out-of-control costs are two of the biggest，Second， it is true that college is not for
everyone．There are plenty of rewarding and important careers that do not require college．And due to the slow economy，
there may in fact be more graduates than the current job market needs．Besides，anti- college sentiment is nothing
new· Today，Microsoft’s Bill Gates or Apple’s Steve Jobs—both college dropouts-is often held up as evidence of why all that
time sitting in class is better spent elsewhere．
However，getting a college education is still a good idea．College graduates earn more，and are more likely to have a job
in the first place．According to the statistics last year，the average weekly earnings for someone with some college but no
degree were$$712，compared to$$1，038 for a college graduate．That is almost$$17，000 over the course of a year and there is
an even bigger divide for those with less education．Meanwhile，the unemployment rate was 9.2 percent for those with only
some college and more than 10 percent for those with just a middle school degree，but it was 5.4 percent for college
graduates．The economic gaps between college completers and those with less education are getting larger·
Although most Americans surveyed by Pew feel doubtful about the value of a college degree，an overwhelming
majority of parents Pew surveyed still expect their children to go to college．“It call be inferred that the increased doubt has
not significantly influenced decision making，’’Pew’s Taylor says．“Despite the concern about rising costs and other
problems，college remains a universal desire in this country．”
21．Recently many Americans question_____．A．the value of a college degreeB．the ability of college graduates
C．the quality of college education D．the high cost of higher education
22．The passage tells US that Bill Gates was_____．A．a self-taught college student B．a hardworking undergraduate
C．a successful college dropout D．a successful college graduate
23．The writer seems to agree that_____．A．there is no need to go to collegeB．anti—college sentiment is a new thing
C．college cannot guarantee employmentD．college education remains a wise choice
24．The unemployment rate for college graduates last Year was_____．A．5.4％ B．7.1％ C．9.2％D．10％
25．The Pew survey implies that_____．A．the cost of college education will decrease
B．most Americans still favor college education C．the quality of college education will improve
D．increased doubt affects parents’decision making
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage·
A major sociological（社会学的）theory known as symbolic interactionism（符
号互动论）offers some important clarification of how men and women are taught to fill different roles in society．The key
concept in symbolic interactionism is that communication makes a big difference in behavior：people act on the basis of
messages they receive from others，and how they understand those messages. This can be seen in a concept developed by
sociologist Charles Horton Cooley known as the looking-glass self．
By the looking-glass self，Cooley meant the self-image that each of us develops according to the messages we receive
from others；we think and behave according to our understanding of those messages．If, for example，a young girl is
repeatedly told that she is pretty, she will come to believe that（1）she is in fact pretty，and（2）being pretty is an important
thing in her life．Similarly，if she is told that she is not good（or not expected to be good）at certain things（such as math）
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she will come to believe that she is not good at such things and would better off working at things she can be successful
at．The likely product is a young woman who devotes a great deal of attention to her appearance，regards being pretty as a
key to success in life，and who is intimidated by anything involving numbers．
Since we know that young girls are given messages like these，and that young boys are given different messages，we can
see a good part of how sex roles are taught．There is little or no evidence of differences in what young girls and young girls
and boys can do，but the older children become，the greater the differences in the areas in which boys and girls are likely to
stand out.
26．Symbolic interactionism helps to explain______．
A．how to make a difference in people’s social behavior B．how to make people understand different social roles
C．how men and women learn to communicate in society D．how men and women learn to take different social roles
27．The “looking-glass self'’ concept offers a clue as to______．
A．whether one can improve one’s self-image B．whether one is likely to succeed in an area
C．how one receives different social messages D．how social messages shape one’s self-image
28．The example of the young girl shows that______．
A．women care more about appearance B．women are inferior to men in numbers
C．people are liable to social expectations D．people regard looks as a key to Success
29．The phrase “better off’（para.2）probably means——-
A．more comfortable B．more dependable C．more respectable D．more reasonable
30．Boys and girls are likely to stand out in different areas______．
A．as they advance in age B．as they grow in wisdomC．as their interests diversify
D．as their capacities develop
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage．
Since the beginning of the Internet era，it has been widely accepted that when you join an online company，whatever
data you put into it belongs to you．
That means you can sign up for one kind of email，import your contacts into that system，and if you later decide to
switch to some other email service，you can export all your contacts from the first service into the new one．You can use
Microsoft’s Hotmail，then move to Yahoo Mail，then to Google’s Gmail．Or you can have accounts on three services and
keep all your contacts in each one．
That’ the way things were — until Facebook appeared. Facebook took a different approach Until recently, everything
you put into Facebook could not be exported anywhere. In effect, you didn’t own your data. Facebook did.
Of course this is rubbish．The reality is that Facebook wants to make it difficult，if not impossible，for you to leave．
Now that policy has sparked a fight between Google and Facebook．Google is angry because its users can，and often
do，export their Gmail contact information into Facebook．But those people can’t bring Facebook information back into
Gmail．
Earlier this month Google declared it would block exports of its data to Facebook．In a shameless move，Facebook
broke through Google’s roadblock so its users could keep pulling data from Google．
Google said it was “disappointed’’ with Facebook’s behavior．It also created a warning screen to tell Gmail users that
if they export their information to Facebook they won’t get it back．
Basically，Facebook’s position with major IT companies is this：if you want access to all the information we’ve
collected，strike a deal with us．Microsoft and Yahoo have done that，and now，like magic，they can export Facebook contact
information into their systems，while Google still can’t．
Remember the early days of the Net，when everything was going to be open and flee? That was great until people
realized that their user data could be turned into gold．Now there are billions involved，and nobody is playing nice anymore．
31．Before Facebook appeared，people_______．
A．had a limited number of accounts B．enjoyed a completely free service
C．had limited access to their contactsD．enjoyed full ownership of their data
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32．It seems that Facebook’s approach makes the writer rather_______．A．annoyed B．assuredC．puzzled D．pleased
33．Google is angry with Facebook due to the latter’s refusal to_______．
A．let its users use Gmail B．offer technical supportC．share user informationD．protect user information
34．The passage indicates that Microsoft and Yahoo have_______．
A．agreed to side with GoogleB．accepted Facebook’s terms C．taken their own approaches D．struck a deal with each
other 35．According to the writer, the current state of the Net is_______．
A．misleading B．frustrating C．promising D．satisfying
2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷
PART TWO （50 POINTS）
IV．Word Spelling（10 points，1 point for two words）
将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完 整的单词写在答题纸上。
36．性格，品质 n. c_______
37．容忍，容许vt. t_______
38．几乎不 ad. h________
39．四月 n. A_______
40．干旱，旱灾 n, d_______
41．可靠的a. r__________
42．碰撞vi. c________
43．仪器；乐器n. i_______
44．适度的 a. m______
45．浅的 a. s_____
46．打哈欠 vi. y______
47．放射 n. r_______
48．直接地 ad. s_________
49．流利的 a. f___________
50．排除，排斥 vt. e________
51．百 num. h_______
52．急迫的 a. u_______
53．坦白地 ad. f_______
54．清白的 a. i_____
55．加强，巩固 vt. s_______

V．Word Form （10 points，1 point each）
将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
56．Could you give me a quick__________（explain）for how it works?
57．Thomas Jefferson was a leading__________ （create）of the U.S. Constitution．
58．Scholars offer three related but different opinions about different opinions about the__________
significance of these paintings．
59．She sat by the fire and felt the__________ （warm）spread through her body．
60．The project is only__________ （theory）workable．
61．Boys are very much in the__________ （minor）at the dance class．
62．We took a contrary view, but we have to implement and（force]
the law passed by Congress．
63．In addition to intelligence，we should develop__________ （persist）in children．
64．He is__________ （habit）late for school；he is never on time．
65．It would be completely__________ （responsible）to use drugs on people that
had not been tested on animals．
mystery）origin and
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（

VI．Translation from Chinese into English （15 points，3 points each）
将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66．今年热得很不寻常。
67．你一旦开始，就必须继续下去。
68．你需要更多的练习，这是很明显的。
69．要不是她的妈妈，她是读不完大学的。
70．最近的研究表明，白日做梦是日常生活的一部分。

VII．Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）
将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
Time is dangerous．If you don’t control it，it will control you．If you don't make it work for you，it will work against
you．You must become the master of time，not the servant．
Study hard and play hard is an old proverb，but it still makes sense．You have plenty of time for classes，study and play
if you use your time properly．It is not how much time you allocate for study that counts but how much you learn when you
do study．
The more time you waste，the easier it is to continue wasting time．Soon, doing nothing becomes a habit you can’t
break．It becomes a drug．When this happens，you lose your feeling of accomplishment．


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2012年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷答案
一.单选题10分
1-5 she ...(begged)A、（Normally)D 、we...（disclosing）B、he...(on)B、Even.. (rate)D
6-10 The..(ensure)C、I don`t..(either) A、Lnerary..(objective) D、Taking..(toward) C、
二、完形10分 His..(investment) B A decision is a ....11-15 (reason)A 、(standing)A、 (involves)D、(Although) C、(must consider) D
16-20 (chance)B、(slight) D、(But) D、 (into)C、(current) B
三、阅读 30分
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ONE21-25The writer feels..(choose between..) C、A straight-A student.. (an all- excellent..)C 、The writer thanks his..(their easy way..)A、 It is
indieated..(to relax with...)B、 In the passage..(his fully-schedled life)B
TWO 26~30 The word 、A cell-phone..(has a unit for..)D、The American.. (it shuoldobtain..)B 、The
issue...(Congress)B、The use of locational.. (privacy)C
THREE31~35According to pararaph1..(when toys were invented) B、The passage indicates..(preare for..) C、The history..(liable to the...) D、
Toys worldwide..(refecting local..) D 、The development..(changing artistic..) A
四、.汉翻英 单词拼写 10分（注意首字母已经给出只需要拼写后面单词即可）
36.最大量maximum 37.可惜pity 38.贴标签lable 39.收入income 40.饥饿hungry
41.顺利的smooth 42.真实的truly 43.金属metal 44.幸存survive 45.讨论discuss
46.混乱confusion 47.音乐会concert 48.买得起afford 49.海滩beach 50.商业的commercial
51.相等的equal 52.热带的tropical 53.仅仅merely 54.挤压squeeze 55.九月September
五、WORD FORM 10分(将括号中的各词用适当的形式填入空白)
ce ent en able ence singly
ling ment
六、.翻译成英文 15分
66.我认为哪部电影不值得看两遍I don't think that movie worth being watched twice.
67.在东北住的时候你学过滑冰么？Have you ever learned skating when you lived in northeast.
68.那些帮助他人的人值得我们称赞Those people who help others worth our praise.
69.我们说服了他放弃飞机而坐火车走We persuaded him to go by train instead of plane.
70.通过节食和运动，他把体重减到了150磅He reduced his weight to 150 pounds by dieting and
七、将下列短文翻译成中文15分
In order to ....reduced.
In a way,some....pollution.
为了解决从20世纪中期开始出现的污染问题，很多
环境保护组织纷纷成立，然而，最重要 的环保斗士应该是我们大家，如果每个人都做出努力，污染问题将得到很大程度解决。
某些污染在我 们日常生活中就可以控制。例如，固体垃圾是土地污染的重要原因，但是很多固体垃圾，比如：易拉罐、玻璃瓶、 旧轮胎
和报纸都是可以回收利用的。某些地方会把人们的废旧物品有偿回收利用，还有空气污染的一个重 要原因，就是人们过多的使用汽车，
有时是没有必要的，所以搭乘共用交通工具，骑自行车或者步行都可 以很好的控制空气污染。

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2012年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二） 试卷
课程代码： 00015


本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
考生答题注意事项：
1. 本卷所有试卷必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷和草稿纸上的无效。
2. 第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3. 第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号，使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.
合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。

第一部分 选择题

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