学德语-活着的英文
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浙江省2018年7月自学考试高级英语试题
课程代码:10005
Part ⅠVocabulary(20%)
Section A (20×0.5%=10%)
Directions: There
are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For
each sentence there are
four choices marked A,
B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the
sentence.
1. He had to sell his home to pay
his legal fees and was ______ to parking cars for
money.
( )
A. reduced
C. agreed
B. introduced
D. expected
2. Our
vacation is ______ and we still can’t decide where
to go. ( )
A. going
C. flying
B.
approaching
D. keeping
3. From the ______
way he behaves towards others you can tell that he
was well raised in his
family. ( )
A.
respectful
C. respectable
B. respected
D. respective
4. Though people all over
the world have friends and enjoying friendship,
the ______ of what a
real friendship is may
take quite varied forms in different cultures. (
)
A. exception
C. acceptation
B.
assumption
D. conception
5. I have only
had a ______ acquaintance with this Mr. Johnson
you are talking about, so I am in
no place to
make judgment on his personality. ( )
A.
intimate
C. legitimate
B. hasty
D.
simple
6. A forgiving person will not pay
______ someone who has done him wrong either
intentionally
or accidentally.( )
A.
for
B. back
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C. off
D. clear
7. She knew David was not good with
words, and was rather touched by his clumsy
attempt to
comfort her. ( )
A. stupid
C. unskillful
B. childish
D. useless
8. Modern educationists recommend the teaching
methods that ______ students in the learning
process. ( )
A. absorb
C. mix
B. participate
D. involve
9. The very
evening she couldn’t wait to show the ring to her
close friends and tell them that she
______ to
Graham. ( )
A. was engaging
C.
engaged
B. was engaged
D. would engage
10. Although Asian countries are generally
more ______ in social customs than Western
countries,
there have been several notable
examples of women leaders in both China and India.
( )
A. conservative
C. comprehensible
B. confidential
D. consistent
11.
Black people had to use separate bathrooms, train
cars, churches, and restaurants: this act of
______ was accepted without much question in
the past.( )
A. segregation
C.
discrimination
B. separation
D.
differentiation
12. The revolutionist devoted
his whole life to the ______ of freedom and
happiness of his people.
( )
A.
perform
C. projection
B. prophet
D.
pursuit
13. Just composing the sentences is
not all there is in an invitation, you also have
to think about
the ______: the color, the
picture, the size and style of the letters, etc. (
)
A. format
C. information
B.
formation
D. conformation
14. The manager
gave her his ______ that her complaint would be
investigated. ( )
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A.
assurance
C. sanction
B. assumption
D. insurance
15. The course has four main
______: business law, finance, computing and
management skills.
( )
A.
commissions
C. compositions
B. components
D. compromises
16. Greg has been a(n)
______ child and missed most of the fun in
childhood. ( )
A. ill
C. sickly
B. healthy
D. lively
17. By 3 o’clock
the next morning the roaring storm ______ down and
the sea resumed its
generous and peaceful
scene. ( )
A. died
C. flatted
B.
lay
D. went
18. The hardest things to get
in a car accident, a ship ______, or an air crash,
are the names of the
saved, or the dead and
injured.( )
A. wreck
C. wrap
B.
wrist
D. wrench
19. A three-day tour isn’t
sufficient for a thorough appreciation of Angkor,
but it will give you a
______ of this
magnificent work of wonder. ( )
A. limp
C. skip
B. slip
D. glimpse
20. Due
to different beliefs held by feminists, religion
conservatives and other groups of people,
abortion remains a ______ issue in North
America. ( )
A. controversial
C.
compulsory
Section B (20×0.5%=10%)
Directions: There are 20 sentences in this
section. In each sentence there is a word or a
phrase underlined. Below each sentence there
are four choices marked A, B, C and D.
Choose
the answer that can replace the underlined part of
each sentence without changing
the original
meaning.
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B. contradictory
D.
confidential
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21. It hasn’t rained
in this area for an extremely long time and all
the plants in the field are crying
for water.
( )
A. requesting
C. in big supply of
B. depending
D. in great need of
22.
When asked what he was going to do about the fund
problem, he gave a vague answer.
( )
A. implicit
C. efficient
B. explicit
D. infinite
23. The article gives its
readers a real insight into the causes of the
present economic
crisis.( )
A.
perception
C. interpretation
B. conception
D. deception
24. To everyone’s surprise,
the main force of opposition has come from a group
of property
owners whom have been assumed to
be in line with the proposal. ( )
A.
resistance
C. consistence
B. insistence
D. assistance
25. We spoke in whispers in
case that we might wake the baby. ( )
A.
in fear
C. for fear
B. of fear
D. with
fear
26. Jack had been very excited about
going on the jungle trip, but at the last moment
he lost
courage to do it. ( )
A. lost
his heart
C. lost his nerves
B. lost his
mind
D. lost his attentions
27. Though
never touched a brush until in his mid thirties,
Leon became a quite outstanding
painter by the
time he was forty years old.( )
A.
outrageous
C. distinguished
B. assertive
D. characteristic
28. Clothing means
totally different things to men and women: a
perfect fine dress could be out of
fashion
within a few months but a suit could stay in style
forever. ( )
A. out of time
B.
out of days
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C. out of date
D. out of taste
29. The whole argument comes
down to the question if it is fair to regulate the
industries in
developing countries the same
way as the more developed countries when it comes
to
environmental issues. ( )
A. ends
up with
C. stands for
B. means in essence
D. corresponds to
30. At the sound of
music the crowd instantly breaks down into couples
and started to dance.
( )
A. derives
C. devises
B. divides
D. derides
31. What freshmen have to understand is that
the acceptance to one of the best universities is
not
an end but a start: now they must do as
best as they can with their university education.
( )
A. think the best of
C. get
the best of
B. do the best of
D. make the
best of
32. Right now is not a good time to
ask the mayor for help in the project, as he has
his mind fixed
on the kindergarten teachers’
strike which has been going on for two weeks. (
)
A. is disturbed by
C. is concerned with
B. is motivated by
D. is preoccupied with
33. Marie Curie’s whole life was devoted to
the discovery and research of radioactive
elements.
( )
A. debated
C.
decided
B. dedicated
D. delegated
34.
No one should be allowed into that building until
it is assured that it is clear of bombs.
(
)
A. obvious in
C. in touch with
B.
aware of
D. free from
35. The wisest thing
to do is to cut off all his financial supply right
off. ( )
A. completely
C. accordingly
B. definitely
D. immediately
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36. A better marketing strategy need
to be made and carried out if we want to produce
more profit
the next sales season. ( )
A. bring up
C. bring about
B. bring
forth
D. bring to
37. The second half of
the coming chapter is in relation to the effect of
currency control on
national economy. ( )
A. with regard to
C. of limit to
B. in
relative to
D. on level to
38. For ten
years a group of American scientists have been on
the track of a new kind of energy
resource
which has the promise to solve the energy crisis
facing the country. ( )
A. looking for
C. improving
B. inventing
D. polishing
39. When you walk into an exam room with only
a few hours’ preparation done the night before,
failure is almost unavoidable. ( )
A.
indispensable
C. unpredictable
B.
inevitable
D. incomprehensible
40. His
theory sounds logical, but then how can we know if
it will work without testing it?
( )
A. at that moment
C. on the other hand
Part II: Cloze (20×0.5%=10%)
Directions:
In the following passage there are 20 blanks. For
each blank there are four
choices marked A, B,
C and D. Choose the ONE that best fits into the
passage.
When women do become managers, do
they bring a different style and different skills
to the
job? Are they better, or worse,
managers than men? Are women more highly-motivated
and
41 than male managers? Some research
42 the idea that women bring different
attitudes and skills to management jobs, such
as greater 43 and emphasis on affiliation(亲和
性) and attachment, and a 44 to bring
emotional factors to bear in making workplace
45 . These differences are 46 to carry
advantages for companies, 47 they expand
the range of techniques that can be used to
48 the company manage its workforce 49 .
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B. afterwards
D. as a result
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A study commissioned by the international
Women’s Forum 50 a management style
used
by some women managers (and also by some men) that
51 from the command and
control style 52
used by male managers. Using this “interactive
leadership” approach,
“women 53
participation, share power and information, 54
other people’s self-worth,
and get others
excited about their work. All these 55 reflect
their belief that allowing
56 to
contribute and to feel 57 and important is a
win-win 58 —good for the
employees and the
organization.” The study’s director 59 that
“interactive leadership may
emerge into the
management style of choice for many 60 .”
( )41. A. committed
( )42. A.
despises
( )43. A. coherence
(
)44. A. sensitivity
( )45. A. decisions
( )46. A. seen
( )47. A. because
( )48. A. direct
( )49. A.
effectively
B. confronted
B. supports
B. correlation
B. willingness
B.
detachments
B. revised
B. whereas
B. enable
B. evidently
C. confined
C. opposes
C. combination
C. virtue
C. descriptions
C. detected
C.
nonetheless
C. help
C. precisely
C.
located
C. differs
C. inherently
C.
encourage
C. degrade
C. researches
C. managers
C. thoughtful
C.
situation
C. diagnosed
D. commanded
D. argues
D. cooperativeness
D.
loyalty
D. discriminations
D. disclosed
D. therefore
D. support
D.
aggressively
D. invented
D. deteriorates
D. occasionally
D. disapprove
D.
enhance
D. subjects
D. everyone
D.
faithful
D. position
D. proclaimed
(
)50. A. constructed B. identified
( )51.
A. discerns B. detaches
( )52. A.
traditionally B. conditionally
( )53. A.
engage
( )54. A. enlarge
( )55. A.
things
( )56. A. men
( )57. A.
tasteful
B. dismiss
B. ignore
B.
themes
B. women
B. powerful
(
)58. A. circumstance B. status
( )59. A.
defied
( )60. A. facilities
B.
predicted
B. communities C. organizations
D. communications
Part Ⅲ: Reading
Comprehension (20×2%=40%)
Directions: There
are four passages in this part. Each passage is
followed by some questions
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or unfinished statements. For each of them
there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.
Read each passage carefully and decide on the
best choice.
(1)
Computer people talk a
lot about the need for other people to become
“computer-literate”, in
other words, to learn
to understand computers and what makes them tick.
Not all experts agree,
however, that is a good
idea.
One pioneer, in particular, who
disagrees, is David Tebbutt, the founder of
Computertown
UK. Although many people see this
as a successful attempt to bring people closer to
the computer,
David does not see it that way.
He says that Computertown UK was formed for just
the opposite
reason, to bring computers to the
people and make them “people-literate”.
David first got the idea when he visited one of
America’s best-known computer “guru”
figure,
Bob Albrecht,in the small university town of Palo
Alto in Northern California. Albrecht
had
started a project called Computertown USA in the
local library, and the local children used to
call round every Wednesday to borrow some time
on the computers there, instead of borrowing
library books. Albrecht was always on hand to
answer any questions and to help the children
discover about computers in their own way.
Over here, in Britain,Computertowns have
taken off in a big way,and there are now about 40
scattered over the country. David Tebbutt
thinks they are most successful when tied to a
computer
club. He insists there is a vast and
important difference between the two, although
they
complement each other. The clubs cater
for the enthusiasts, with some computer knowledge
already, who get together and eventually form
an expert computer group. This frightens away
non-experts, who are happier going to
Computertowns where there are computers available
for
them to experiment on, with experts
available to encourage them and answer any
questions; they
are not told what to do, they
find out.
David Tebbutt finds it
interesting to see the two different approaches
working side by side.
The computer experts
have to learn not to tell people about computers,
but have to be able to
explain the answers to
the questions that people really want to know. In
some Computertowns
there are question
sessions, rather like radio phone-ins, where the
experts listen to a lot of
questions and then
try to work out some structure to answer them.
People are not having to learn
computer
jargons, but the experts are having to translate
computer mysteries into easily
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understood terms; the computers are becoming
“people-literate”.
61. According to David
Tebbutt, the purpose of Computertown UK is to
______.( )
A. train people to understand
how computers work
B. make more computers
available to people
C. enable more people to
fix computers themselves
D. help people find
out more about computers
62. What does
“people-literate” most probably mean?( )
A. Being able to understand computers.
B.
Knowing the answers to the questions people have
about computers.
C. Being easy for people to
understand and use.
D. Being ready to teach
people about computers.
63. We learn from the
passage that Computertown USA was a ______.(
)
A. town
C. library
B. project
D. school
64. Which of the following
statements is INCORRECT?( )
A.
Computertowns in the UK have become popular.
B. Computertowns and clubs cater for different
people.
C. Computertowns are more successful
than clubs.
D. It’s better that computertowns
and clubs work together.
65. Which of the
following is NOT an advantage of computertowns?(
)
A. Experts give lectures and talks on
computers.
B. Experts are on hand to answer
people’s questions.
C. People are left to
discover computers on their own.
D. There are
computers around for people to practise on.
(2)
I had an experience some years ago
which taught me something about the ways in which
people make a bad situation worse by blaming
themselves. One January, I had to officiate(主持)
at two funerals on successive days for two
elderly women in my community. Both had died “full
of years,” as the Bible would say; both
yielded to the normal wearing out of the body
after a long
and full life. Their homes
happened to be near each other, so I paid
condolence (吊唁) calls on the
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two families on the same afternoon.
At
the first home, the son of the deceased (已故的)
woman said to me, “If only I had sent
my
mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold
and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my
fault that she died.” At the second home, the
son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I
hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to
Florida, she would be alive today. That long
airplane ride,
the abrupt change of climate,
was more than she could take. It’s my fault that
she’s dead.”
When things don’t turn out as
we would like them to, it is very tempting to
assume that had
we done things differently,
the story would have had a happier ending. Priests
know that any time
there is a death, the
survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of
action they took turned out
badly, they
believe that the opposite course-keeping Mother at
home, postponing the operation —
would have
turned out better. After all, how could it have
turned out any worse?
There seem to be
two elements involved in our readiness to feel
guilt. The first is our
pressing need to
believe that the world makes sense, that there is
a cause for every effect and a
reason for
everything that happens. That leads us to find
patterns and connections both where they
really exist and where they exist only in our
minds.
The second element is the notion
that we are the cause of what happens, especially
the bad
things that happen. It seems to be a
short step from believing that every event has a
cause to
believing that every disaster is our
fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our
childhood.
Psychologists speak of the
infantile myth of omnipotence (万能). A baby comes
to think that the
world exists to meet his
needs, and that he makes everything happen in it.
He wakes up in the
morning and summons the
rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and
someone comes to attend to
him. When he is
hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet,
people change him. Very often, we
do not
completely outgrow that infantile notion that our
wishes cause things to happen.
66. What is
said about the two deceased elderly women?( )
A. They lived out a natural life.
B. They
died due to lack of care by family members.
C.
They died of exhaustion after the long plane ride.
D. They weren’t accustomed to the change in
weather.
67. The author had to conduct the two
women’s funerals probably because ______.( )
A. he had great sympathy for the deceased
B. he wanted to console the two families
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C. he was priest of the
local church D. he was an official from the
community
68. People feel guilty for the
deaths of their loved ones because ______.( )
A. they believe that they were responsible
B. they had neglected the natural course of
events
C. they couldn’t find a better way to
express their grief
D. they didn’t know things
often turn out in the opposite direction
69.
In the context of the passage, “... the world
makes sense” (Line 2, Para, 4) probably means
that ______.( )
A. we have to be
sensible in order to understand the world
B.
everything in the world is predetermined
C.
there’s an explanation for everything in the world
D. the world can be interpreted in different
ways
70. People have been made to believe
since infancy that ______.( )
A. every
story should have a happy ending
B. their
wishes are the cause of everything that happens
C. life and death is an unsolved mystery
D. everybody is at their command
(3)
Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers
of newspapers and magazines and even
of
books—especially paperbacks, which are still
comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing
rises in the costs of printing. They still
continue to buy “proper” books, too, printed on
good
paper and bound between hard covers.
There are many streets in London containing
shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps
the best known of these is Charing Cross Road
in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all
sorts and sizes are to be found, from the
celebrated one which boasts of being “the biggest
bookshop in the world” to the tiny dusty
little places which seem to have been left over
from
Dickens’ time. Some of these shops stock,
or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them
specialize in second-hand books, in art books,
in foreign books, in books on philosophy, politics
or any other of the numberless subjects about
which books may be written. One shop in this area
specializes solely in books about ballet!
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Although it may be the most
convenient place for Londoners to buy books,
Charing Cross
Road is not the cheapest. For
the really cheap second-hand volume, the
collectors must venture
off the beaten track,
to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East
Central district of London. Here
there is
nothing so grandiose(壮观的) as bookshops. Instead,
the booksellers come along each
morning and
tip out their sacks of books on to small barrows
which line the gutters. And the
collectors,
some professional and some amateur, who have been
waiting for them, plunge upon
the dusty
cascade. In places like this one can still,
occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old
volume that may be worth many pounds.
Both
Charing Cross Road and Farringdon Road are well-
known haunts of the book buyer.
Yet all over
London there are bookshops, in places not so well
known, where the wares are
equally varied and
exciting. It is in the sympathetic atmosphere of
such shops that the ardent book
buyer feels
most at home. In these shops, even the lifelong
book-browser is frequently rewarded
by the
accidental discovery of previously unknown
delights. One could, in fact, easily spend a
lifetime exploring London’s bookshops. There
are many less pleasant ways of spending time!
71. In the bookshops of Charing Cross Road you
can get______.( )
A. new books of any
kind
C. second-hand books on various subjects
72. The book-browser ______. ( )
A.
never gets tired of exploring London’s bookshops
B. has many other pleasant ways of spending
time
C. always stays at home reading
D.
goes to bookshops to kill time every day
73.
According to the passage the best-known bookshops
are ______.( )
A. in the East Central
district
C. in the outskirt of the city
74. This passage tells us that ______.( )
A. Londoners have plenty of time to read books
B. Londoners are rich enough to buy various
books
C. Londoners enjoy collecting and
reading books
D. Londoners prefer second-hand
books.
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B. tiny dusty books
D.
both A and C
B. throughout the city
D. in
the center of the city
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75. Where
in London can a book collector most likely get a
valuable book at a good
price?( )
A.
Charing Cross Road
C. Bookstores all over
London
B. Farringdon Road
D. No place in
London
(4)
Most English holidays have a
religious origin. Easter is originally the day to
commemorate(纪念) the Resurrection(复活) of Jesus
Christ. But now for most people, Easter is a
secular spring holiday, when everyone hopes to
enjoy fine weather, when the days are lengthening
fast, when trees are already in bud and leaf,
and spring flowers appear, the most welcome of the
year —— violets and primroses, daffodils and
narcissi. For children, Easter means, more than
anything else, Easter eggs or chocolate eggs!
Real, natural eggs do not belong of course to
single season of the year. They are eaten all the
year round (Duck eggs are a rarity in England,
and the eggs of smaller birds are rarer still, a
luxury for the very rich and privileged). Eggs
are everyday food —— inexpensive, nutritious,
and especially good for breakfast. Their
association with spring, when hens begin to lay
after the
winter, is older than the
manufacture of chocolate eggs. In some places,
real eggs are used in an
Easter game called
“eggrolling.” They are first hardboiled and then
given to competitors to roll
down a slope. The
winner is the person whose egg gets to the bottom
first. In some families, the
breakfast eggs on
Easter Sunday morning are boiled in several pans,
each containing a different
vegetable dye, so
that when they are served the shells are no longer
white or pale brown in color,
but yellow or
pink, blue or green. The dyes do not penetrate the
shell of course.
Most British children would
be very disappointed if these were the only eggs
they had at
Easter. Chocolate Easter eggs are
displayed in confectioners’(糖果店) shops as soon as
Christmas
is over. The smallest and simplest
are inexpensive enough for children to buy with
pocket money.
These are of two sorts. Very
small ones, perhaps a little longer than an inch
in length, are coated
thinly with chocolate on
the outside and filled with a sweet, soft paste,
called fondant. They are
wrapped in colored
foil in a variety of patterns. Slightly larger
eggs, a little bigger, as a rule, than
a
duck’s egg, are hollow. There is nothing inside at
all —— just a wrapped chocolate shell. You
break the shell and eat the jagged, irregular
pieces.
76. Easter is originally the day to
______.( )
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A. mark
the beginning of the spring
C. sell chocolate
eggs
B. remember the rebirth of Jesus Christ
D. be enjoyed only by British children
77.
You cannot eat ______ all the year round.( )
A. real natural eggs
C. the eggs of
smaller birds
B. duck eggs
D. Both A and C
78. How do the Easter eggs become colorful?(
)
A. The eggs are cooked with different
vegetables.
B. The eggs are painted with
different colors.
C. The eggs are boiled with
different dyes.
D. The eggs are laid by
different colored hens.
79. Confectionery
begins to sell Easter sweets ______.( )
A. when Easter starts
C. in spring
B.
as soon as Christmas is over
D. all the year
round
80. What do the jagged pieces refer to?(
)
A. They refer to the chocolate shells of
large eggs.
B. They refer to the duck eggs.
C. They refer to the sweet, soft pastes.
D. They refer to varieties of patterns.
Part Ⅳ: Translation (15%)
Section A
(2×3%=6%)
Directions: Translate the two
underlined sentences in the second passage into
Chinese.
81. There seem to be two elements
involved in our readiness to feel guilt. The first
is our pressing
need to believe that the world
makes sense, that there is a cause for every
effect and a reason
for everything that
happens
82. A baby comes to think that the
world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes
everything
happen in it. He wakes up in the
morning and summons the rest of the world to its
tasks. He
cries, and someone comes to attend
to him.
Section B (3×3%=9%)
Directions:
Translate the following three sentences into
English.
83. 早年成功固然甜蜜,但晚年的成功往往更有滋味。
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84. 科学家们非常重视诚实,主要是因为诚实对他们的事业至关重要。
85. 每六个月,市场调研组花一整天时间来评估其方针和策略。
Part V
Writing (15%)
86. Directions: Suppose a friend
came to visit you and you took him to a good
restaurant in
the city, but you had a very bad
experience there and was very disappointed and
angry.
So you decided to write a complaint
letter to the manager of that restaurant. The
letter
should be about 150 words, and you
should explain who you are, why you are unhappy
with the service of the restaurant and what
you expect the manager to do. Be sure to
follow the traditional form of a letter.
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