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100句英文记7000雅思单词(带单词解释和音标

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-11-03 00:58
tags:1到100的英语单词

四级报名网站-开源是什么意思

2020年11月3日发(作者:苏辙)


1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn.
typical ['tipik?l] adj. 典型的;特有的;象征性的 continent ['k?ntin?nt] n. 大陆,洲,陆地
grassland ['ɡrɑ:sl?nd] n. 草原;牧草地 antelope ['?ntil?up] n. 羚羊;羚羊皮革
dweller ['dwel?] n. 居民,居住者 pronghorn ['pr??h?:n] n. [脊椎] 叉角羚;糜鹿
美洲羚羊,或称叉角羚,是该大陆典型的草原动物。
2. Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see it return in
the twenty-first century.
Haley ['heili:] n. 哈利(人名) comet ['k?mit] n. [天] 彗星
1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中,有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢?
3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial
expressions.
anthropologist [,?nθr?'p?l?d?ist] n. 人类学家;人类
universally [,ju:ni'v?:s?li] adv. 普遍地;人人;到处
学者 reflect [ri'flekt] v. 反映;反射,照出;反省
fear [fi?] n. 害怕;恐惧;敬畏;担心 facial ['fei??l] adj. 面部的,表面的;脸的,面部用
happiness ['h?pinis] n. 幸福 expression [ik'spre??n] n. 表达,表示;表情;表现
sadness ['s?dnis] n. 悲哀 力
surprise [s?'praiz] n. 惊奇,诧异
人类学家们已经发现,恐惧,快乐,悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色,这在全人类是共通的。
4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely
discontinued.
irritating ['iriteiti?] adj. 刺激的;气人的;使愤怒的 v. 刺激(irritate的ing形式);激怒
phenol ['fi:n?l, fi'n-] n. 石碳酸,[有化] 苯酚
antiseptic [,?nti'septik] n. 防腐剂,抗菌剂 adj. 防腐的,抗菌的;非常整洁的
discontinued [,disk?n'tinju:d] adj. 停止使用的;不连续的 v. 停止(discontinue的过去分词)
由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用,它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。
5. In group to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something
consumers consider useful or desirable.
existence [iɡ'zist?ns] n. 存在,实在;生存,生活;存在物,实在物
profit-making ['pr?fit,meiki?] adj. 营利的;有利可图的 n. 营利;赚钱
organization [,?:ɡ?nai'zei??n, -ni'z-] n. 组织;机构;体制;团体
in the long run长远;终究
desirable [di'zai?r?bl] adj. 值得要的;令人满意的 n. 合意的人或事物
任何盈利组织若要生存,最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。
6. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and
disposal of refuse.
population [,p?pju'lei??n] n. 人口;种群,群体;全体居民
locality [l?u'k?l?ti] n. 所在;位置;地点
transportation [,tr?nsp?'tei??n, ,tr?nz-, ,trɑ:n-] n. 运输;运输系统;运输工具
disposal [dis'p?uz?l] n. 处理;支配;清理;安排
refuse [ri'fju:z] n. 垃圾;废物
一个地方的人口越多,其对水,交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
7. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions
that only obscure one's meaning.
directly [di'rektli, dai-, 'direkli] adv. 直接地
effectively [i'fektivli] adv. 有效地,生效地;有力地
vague [veiɡ] adj. 模糊的;含糊的;不明确的;暧昧的
employ [im'pl?i] vt. 使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于
flowery ['flau?ri] adj. 花的;华丽的;绚丽的;多花的
obscure [?b'skju?] vt. 遮掩;使变暗;使难理解
简明,直接,有力的写作难于花哨,含混而意义模糊的表达。


8. With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer,
less severe interiors.
mechanized ['mek?naizd] adj. 机械化的 v. 使机械化(mechanize的过去式和过去分词)
personalize ['p?:s?n?laiz] vt. 使个性化
severe [si'vi?] adj. 严峻的;严厉的;剧烈的;苛刻的
interior [in'ti?ri?] n. 内部;室内 adj. 内部的;国内的;本质的 interior designer室内设计师
随着现代办公室的日益自动化,设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃 的内部装饰来使其具有亲切
感。
9. The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.
libel ['laib?l] n. 诽谤罪;诋毁;毁坏名誉的东西;控诉书
slander ['slɑ:nd?] n. 诽谤;中伤;谣言
诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的,而后者是口头的。
10. The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
knee [ni:] n. 膝盖,膝
joint [d??int] n. 关节;接合处,接合点;接缝
thigh [θai] n. 大腿,股
lower leg小腿
膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。
11. Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals, and
the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.
acids ['?sidz] n. 酸,酸类;有酸味的东西(acid的复数)
chemical ['kemik?l] n. 化学制品,化学药品;adj. 化学的
compound ['k?mpaund, k?m'paund] n. [化学] 化合物;混合物
water solution水溶液,水煎液
sharp taste辛辣味
corrosive [k?'r?usiv] adj. 腐蚀的;侵蚀性的
dye [dai] vt. 染;把…染上颜色
酸是一种化合物,它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性,并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。
12. Billie Holiday's reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her
songs.
reputation [,repju'tei??n] n. 名声,名誉;声望
rest [rest] vt. 把…寄托于;依赖
emotional [i'm?u??n?l] adj. 情绪的;易激动的;感动人的
Billie Holiday's作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。
13. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.
essentially [i'sen??li] adv. 本质上;本来
abstract ['?bstr?kt, ?b'str?kt] adj. 抽象的;深奥的
symbolic [sim'b?lik] adj. 象征的;符号的;使用符号的
representation [,reprizen'tei??n] n. 代表;表现;表示法;陈述
conceive [k?n'si:v] vt. 构思;持有;以为;怀孕
reality [ri'?l?ti, ri:-] n. 现实;实际;真实
理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。
14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial
expressions and by making noises.
communicate [k?'mju:nikeit] v. 通讯,传达;沟通
儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前,很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。
15. Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and
sagebrush could live.
irrigation [,iri'ɡei??n] n. 灌溉


abundantly [?'b?nd?ntli] adv. 丰富地;大量地
cacti ['k?ktai] cactus ['k?kt?s的复数形式 n. 仙人掌
sagebrush ['seid?br??] n. [植] 蒿属植物(产于美国西部)
受当代灌溉(技术设施)之赐,农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。
16. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to
regulate them.
timepiece ['taimpi:s] n. 钟等各种计时器
spur [sp?:] v. 激励,鞭策
accurate ['?kjur?t] adj. 精确的
sundial ['s?ndai?l] n. 日晷,日规
机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的(日晷sundials),以便校准机械计时器。
17. Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document
observations that can be checked by others.
anthropology [,?nθr?'p?l?d?i] n. 人类学
rigorous ['riɡ?r?s] adj. 严格的,严厉的;严密的;严酷的
technique [tek'ni:k] n. 技巧,技术;手法
document ['d?kjum?nt] vt. 用文件证明
observation [,?bz?:'vei??n] n. 观察;监视;观察报告
check [t?ek] v. 核对无误;证明无误
人类学是一门科学,因为人类学家采 用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果,而这样记录下来的
观测结果是供他人核查的。
18. Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and
decomposes animal debris.
fungi ['f??ɡai] n. 真菌;菌类;蘑菇(fungus的复数)
decay [di'kei] n. 衰退,[核] 衰减;腐烂,腐朽
ingredient [in'ɡri:di?nt] n. 原料;要素;组成部分
soil [s?il] n. 土地;土壤
enhance [in'hɑ:ns] vt. 提高;加强;增加
fertility [f?'tiliti] n. 多产;肥沃
decompose [,di:k?m'p?uz] vi. 分解;使腐烂 vt. 分解;腐烂
debris ['deibri:] n. 碎片,残骸
真菌在腐化过程中十分重要,而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤,提高其肥力,并分解动物粪便。
19. When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long period of time.
strike [straik] (struck, struck) vi. 打,打击;敲,敲击
tune [tju:n, tu:n] n. 和谐;曲调;心情 v. 调谐;协调; 调整;为…调音;使一致
tuning fork [声] 音叉
pure [pju?] adj. 纯的;纯粹的;纯洁的;清白的;纯理论的
tone [t?un] n. 语气;色调;音调;音色
retain [ri'tein] vt. 保持;雇;记住
pitch [pit?] n.音高;程度;沥青
音叉被敲击时,产生几乎纯质的音调,其音量经久不衰。
20. Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are found as far north
as Ohio and Illinois.
pecan [pi'k?n] n. 美洲山核桃;美洲山核桃树
plentiful ['plentiful] adj. 丰富的;许多的;丰饶的
Ohio [?u'hai?u] n. 俄亥俄州(美国一个州)
Illinois [,ili'n?i(z)] n. 伊利诺斯州(美国州名)
虽然美洲山河桃树最集中于美国的东南部但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利诺州也能看见它们。
21. Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.


eliminate [i'limineit] vt. 消除;排除
transfer [tr?ns'f?:] vi. 转让;转学;换车 vt. 使转移;调任
scapegoat ['skeipɡ?ut] vt. 使成为…的替罪羊 n. 替罪羊,替人顶罪者;替身
用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。
22. The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil.
chief [t?i:f] adj. 首席的;主要的;主任的
climate ['klaimit] n. 气候;风气;思潮;风土
一个国家的主要食物是什么,大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。
23. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event's occurring is equal to the probability that it
will not occur.
trial ['trai?l] n. 试验;审讯;努力;磨炼
probability [,pr?b?'bil?ti] n. 可能性;机率;[数] 概率
event [i'vent] n. 事件,大事;项目;结果
occur [?'k?:] vi. 发生;出现;存在
在大量的实验中,某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。
24. Most substance contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance's solid is higher than the density
of its liquid.
substance ['s?bst?ns] n. 物质;实质;资产;主旨
contract ['k?ntr?kt, k?n'tr?kt] vi. 收缩;感染;订约vt. 感染;订约;使缩短
freeze [fri:z] vi. 冻结;冷冻;僵硬 vt. 使…冻住;使…结冰
density ['dens?ti] n. 密度
大多数物质遇冷收缩,所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。
25. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood.
mechanism ['mek?niz?m] n. 机制;原理
brain [brein] n. 头脑,智力;脑袋
cell [sel] n. 细胞
大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。
26. By the middle of the twentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great
worldwide influence over art.
到了二十一世纪中叶,美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。
27. In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing center.
伊丽莎白市,一个重要的航运和制造业中心,坐落于新泽西州的东部。
28. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New York Infirmary,
an institution that has always had a completely female medical staff.
infirmary [in'f?:m?ri] n. 医务室;医院;养老院
institution [,insti'tju:??n] n. 制度;建立;(社会或宗教等)公共机构;习俗
completely [k?m'pli:tli] adv. 完全地,彻底地;完整地
female ['fi:meil] adj. 女性的
staff [stɑ:f, st?f] n. 职员
Elizabeth Blackwell,美国第一个女医生,创建了员工一直为女性的纽约诊所。
29. Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf
than as the inventor of the telephone.
deaf [def] adj. 聋的
inventor [in'vent?] n. 发明家;[专利] 发明人;创造者
Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人,他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师,而非电话的发明者。
30. Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary became associated with the idea of
remembrance.
rosemary ['r?uzm?ri, -mε?ri] n. [植] 迷迭香
remembrance [ri'membr?ns] n. 回想,回忆;纪念品;记忆力


采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰,因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起。
31. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand
considerable impact.
apparently [?'p?r?ntli] adv. 显然地;似乎,表面上
rigid ['rid?id] adj. 严格的;僵硬的,死板的;坚硬的;精确的
elasticity [,el?s'tis?ti] n. 弹性;弹力;灵活性
withstand [wi?'st?nd, wiθ-] vt. 抵挡;禁得起;反抗 vi. 反抗
impact ['imp?kt, im'p?kt] n. 影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力
骨头看起来是脆硬的,但它也有一定的弹性,使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。
32. That xenon could not form chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.
xenon ['zen?n, 'zi:-] n. [化学] 氙(稀有气体元素)
科学家曾相信:氙气是不能形成化合物的。
33. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and
thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.
dynamic [dai'n?mik] n. 动态;动力
dynamics [dai'n?miks] n. 动力学,力学
对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失,避免人员伤亡。
34. The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have the
same value as the amount of money borrowed.
elimination [i,limi'nei??n] n. 消除;淘汰;除去
inflation [in'flei??n] n. 膨胀;通货膨胀;夸张;自命不凡
repay [ri:'pei] v. 偿还;报答;报复,回报
loan [l?un] n. 贷款;借款
消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。
35. Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify
contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.
futurism ['fju:t??riz?m] n. 未来主义;未来派
movement ['mu:vm?nt] n. 运动;活动;运转;乐章
reject [ri'd?ekt] vt. 拒绝;排斥;抵制;丢弃
glorify ['ɡl?:rifai] vt. 赞美;美化;崇拜(神);使更壮丽
contemporary [k?n'temp?r?ri] n. 同时代的人;同时期的东西 adj. 当代的;同时代的;属于同一时期的
emphasize ['emf?saiz] vt. 强调,着重
motion ['m?u??n] n. 动作
未来主义,二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一切传统,试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。
36. One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is
abundant and largely protected.
inaccessible [,in?k'ses?bl] adj. 难达到的;难接近的;难见到的
everglade ['ev?ɡleid] n. 湿地;沼泽草地
abundant [?'b?nd?nt] adj. 丰富的;充裕的;盛产
wildlife ['waildlaif] n. 野生动植物
Everglades是 美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一,此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受(法律)保
护。
37. Lucretia Mott's influence was so significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator
of feminism in the United States.
significant [sig'nifik?nt] adj. 重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的
credit ['kredit] vt. 相信,信任;把…归给,归功于;赞颂
authority [?:'θ?r?ti] n. 权威;权力;当局
originator [?'rid??neit?, -n?-] n. 发起人;起源;起因
feminism ['feminiz?m] n. 女权主义;女权运动;男女平等主义


Lucretia Mott’s的影响巨大,所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。
38. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the
domestic marketer.
broad [br?:d] adj. 宽的,辽阔的;显著的;大概的
domestic [d?u'mestik] adj. 国内的;家庭的;驯养的;一心只管家务的
marketer ['mɑ:kit?] n. [贸易] 市场商人;市场营销人员
国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。
39. The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters
flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific.
continental [,k?nti'nent?l] adj. 大陆的;大陆性的
imaginary [i'm?d?in?ri] adj. 虚构的,假想的;想像的;虚数的
flow into (河流等)流入,汇入
大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线,该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。
40. Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yield when unusual weight is
placed on them.
gravity ['ɡr?viti] n. 重力,地心引力;严重性;庄严
crust [kr?st] n. 外壳;面包皮;坚硬外皮
mantle ['m?ntl] n. 地幔;斗篷;覆盖物
yield [ji:ld] n. 产量;收益 v. 屈服;出产;放弃;投降
对地球引力的研究表明,在不寻常的负荷之下地壳和地幔会发生位移。
41. The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined.
Utah ['ju:tɑ:] n. 美国犹他州
annual ['?nju?l] adj. 年度的;每年的 n. 年刊,年鉴;一年生植物
mining ['maini?] n. 矿业;采矿
farming ['fɑ:mi?] n. 农业,耕作
combine [k?m'bain] vt. 使化合;使联合,使结合 vi. 联合,结合;化合
尤它州制造业的年产值大于其工业和农业的总和。
42. The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.
wallflower ['w?:l,flau?] n. 壁花(舞会中没有舞伴而坐着看的人);桂竹香
weak [wi:k] adj. [经] 疲软的;虚弱的;无力的;不牢固的
stem [stem] n. 干;茎;船首;血统
stony ['st?uni] adj. 无情的;多石的;石头的
cliff [klif] n. 悬崖;绝壁
墙花之所以叫墙花,是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长,以便有所依附。
43. It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, that is the main focus of
social psychology.
interaction [,int?r'?k??n] n. 相互作用;[数] 交互作用
rather than而不是;宁可…也不愿
psychology [psai'k?l?d?i] n. 心理学;心理状态
社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往,而不是他们各自生活中的事件。
44. No social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams' enthusiasm more than the expansion of educational facilities
for immigrants to the United States.
crusade [kru:'seid] n. 改革运动;十字军东侵 vi. 加入十字军;从事改革运动
enthusiasm [in'θju:zi?z?m] n. 热心,热忱,热情
facility [f?'siliti] n. 设施;设备;容易;灵巧
expansion [ik'sp?n??n] n. 膨胀;阐述;扩张物
immigrant ['imiɡr?nt] n. 移民,侨民
给美国的新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更多的激发了Elizabeth Williams的热情。
45. Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flight instantly when


disturbed in their hiding places.
quail [kweil] vi. 畏缩,胆怯;感到恐惧 n. 鹌鹑
wing [wi?] n. 翼;翅膀;飞翔;派别
instantly ['inst?ntli] adv. 立即地;马上地;即刻地
典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀,凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起,飞离它们的躲藏地。
46. According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees
facially, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.
ancestor ['?nsest?] n. 始祖,祖先;被继承人
upright ['?prait, ,?p'r-] adj. 正直的,诚实的;垂直的,直立的
resemble [ri'zembl] vt. 类似,像
chimpanzee [,t?imp?n'zi:] n. [脊椎] 黑猩猩
facially ['fei?i?li] adv. 从脸部
sloping ['sl?upi?] adj. 倾斜的;有坡度的;成斜坡的
forehead ['f?rid] n. 额,前额
protrude [pr?u'tru:d] vt. 使突出,使伸出 vi. 突出,伸出
brow [brau] n. 眉,眉毛;额;表情
根据人类学家的说法,直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似,额头后倾,眉毛突出。
47. Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.
transatlantic [,tr?nz?t'l?ntik] adj. 大西洋彼岸的,横渡大西洋的;美国的
直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。
48. In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness of society brought
about by science and technology.
spiritual ['spiritju?l, -t?u?l] n. 圣歌(尤指美国南部黑人的)adj. 精神的,心灵的
barrenness ['b?r?nnis] n. 不孕症;不育症;荒芜
society [s?'sai?ti] n. 社会
John Crowe Ransom在他的著作中描述了他认为是由科学技术给社会带来的精神贫困。
49. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of
self-confidence.
guidance ['ɡaid?ns] n. 指导,引导;领导
consistent [k?n'sist?nt] adj. 始终如一的,一致的;坚持的
rational ['r???n?l] adj. 合理的;理性的
incline [in'klain] vi. 倾斜;倾向;易于 vt. 使倾斜;使倾向于
self-confidence ['self'k?nfid?ns] n. 自信
父母的教导如果坚定,始终如一和理性,孩子就有可能充满自信。
50. The ancient Hopewell people of North America probably cultivated corn and other crops, but hunting and
gathering were still of critical importance in their economy.
cultivate ['k?ltiveit] vt. 培养;陶冶;耕作
corn [k?:n] n. (美)玉米;(英)谷物
crop [kr?p] n. 产量;农作物;庄稼
critical ['kritik?l] adj.决定性的
北美远古的Hopewell人很可能种植了玉米和其他农作物,但打猎和采集对他 们的经济贸易仍是至关重
要的。
51. Using many symbols makes it possible to put a large amount of information on a single map.
使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息
52. Anarchism is a term describing a cluster of doctrines and attitudes whose principal uniting feature is the
belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary.
anarchism ['?n?kiz?m] n. 无政府主义
cluster ['kl?st?] n. 群;簇;丛;串
doctrine ['d?ktrin] n. 主义;学说;教义;信条


attitude ['?titju:d] n. 态度;看法;意见;姿势
principal ['prins?p?l] adj. 首要的;最重要的
uniting [,ju'naiti?] n. 合并
harmful ['hɑ:mful] adj. 有害的;能造成损害的
无政府主义这个词描述的是一堆理论和态度,它们的主要共同点在于相信政府是有害的,没有必要的。
53. Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the Untied States than did Henry Ford
a pioneer in automobile production.
恐怕没有谁对大多数美国人的日常生活影响能超过汽车生产的先驱亨利.福特。
54. The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in the field of
language learning.
well- chosen ['wel't??uz?n] adj. 精选的;适当的
nonsense ['n?ns?ns] adj. 荒谬的 n. 胡说;废话
hypotheses [hai'p?θisi:z] n. 假定;臆测(hypothesis的复数)
使用精心挑选的无意义词汇,可以检验语言学科里许多基本的假定。
55. The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with the very first pictures ever
made.
fascinating ['f?sineiti?] adj. 迷人的;吸引人的;使人神魂颠倒的
chain [t?ein] n. 链
优化历史是由一连串的迷人事件组成,其源头大概可以上溯到最早的图画。
56. Perfectly matched pearls, strung into a necklace, bring a far higher price than the same pearls told
individually.
pearl [p?:l] n. 珍珠;杰出者;珍珠色;珍品
string [stri?] (strung [str??], strung, stringing) vi. 连成一串;排成一列
individually [,indi'vidju?li, -d?u-] adv. 个别地,单独地
相互般配的珍珠,串成一条项链,就能卖到比单独售出好得多的价钱。
57. During the eighteenth century, Little Turtle was chief of the Miami tribe whose territory became what is
now Indiana and Ohio.
turtle ['t?:tl] n. 龟,甲鱼;海龟
tribe [traib] n. 部落;族;宗族;一伙
territory ['terit?ri] n. 领土,领域;范围;地域;版图
Indiana [,indi'?n?] n. 印第安纳州(美国中部的州)
Ohio [?u'hai?u] n. 俄亥俄州(美国一个州)
十八世纪时,“小乌龟”是迈阿密部落的酋长,该部落的地盘就是今天的印第安那州和俄亥俄州。
58. Among almost seven hundred species of bamboo, some are fully grown at less than a foot high, while others
can grow three feet in twenty-four hours.
species ['spi:?i:z] n. [生物] 物种;种类 adj. 物种上的
bamboo [b?m'bu:] n. 竹,竹子
在竹子的近七百个品种中,有的全长成还不到一英尺,有的却能在二十四小时内长出三英尺。
59. Before staring on a sea voyage, prudent navigators learn the sea charts, study the sailing directions, and
memorize lighthouse to prepare themselves for any conditions they might encounter.
voyage ['v?iid?] n. 航行;航程;旅行记
prudent ['pru:d?nt] adj. 谨慎的;精明的;节俭的
navigator ['n?viɡeit?] n. 航海家;领航员;驾驶员
encounter [in'kaunt?] vt. 遭遇,邂逅;遇到
谨慎的航海员在出航前,会研究航向,记录的灯塔的位置,以便对各种可能出现的情况做到有备无患。
60. Of all the economically important plants, palms have been the least studied.
palm [pɑ:m] n. 手掌;棕榈树;掌状物
在所有的经济作物中,棕榈树得到的研究最少。
61. Buyers and sellers should be aware of new developments in technology can and does affect marketing


activities.
affect [?'fekt] vt. 影响;感染;感动;假装
购买者和销售者都应该留意技术的新发展,原因很简单,因为技术能够并且已经影响着营销活动。
62. The application of electronic controls made possible by the microprocessor and computer storage have
multiplied the uses of the modern writer.
application [,?pli'kei??n] n. 应用;申请;应用程序;敷用
control [k?n'tr?ul] n. 控制;管理;抑制;操纵装置
electronic [,ilek'tr?nik] adj. 电子的
microprocessor [,maikr?u'pr?uses?] n. [计] 微处理器
storage ['st?rid?] n. 存储;仓库;贮藏所
multiply ['m?ltiplai] vt. 乘;使增加;使繁殖;使相乘
电脑储存和由于电子微处理机得以实现的电控运用成倍的增加了现代打字机的功能。
63. The human skeleton consists of more than two hundred bones bound together by tough and relatively
inelastic connective tissues called ligaments.
bind [baind] (bound,bound) vi. 结合;装订;有约束力;过紧 vt. 绑;约束;装订;包扎;凝固
tough [t?f] adj. 艰苦的,困难的;坚强的,不屈不挠的;坚韧的,牢固的;强壮的,结实的
relatively ['rel?tivli] adv. 相当地;相对地,比较地
inelastic [,ini'l?stik] adj. 无弹性的;无适应性的;不能适应的
connective [k?'nektiv] adj. 连合的,连接的
tissue ['ti?ju:] n.【生物学】组织;体素
ligament ['liɡ?m?nt] n. 韧带;纽带,系带
人类骨骼有二百多块骨头组成,住些骨头石油坚韧而相对缺乏弹性的,被称为韧带的结蒂组连在一起。
64. The pigmentation of a pearl is influenced by the type of oyster in which it develops and by the depth,
temperature, and the salt content of the water in which the oyster lives.
pigmentation [,piɡm?n'tei??n] n. 染色;色素淀积;天然颜色
oyster ['?ist?] n. 牡蛎,[无脊椎] 蚝;沉默寡言的人
珍珠的色泽受到作为其母体牡蛎种类及牡蛎生活水域的深度,温度和含盐度的制约。
65. Although mockingbirds superbly mimic the songs and calls of many birds, they can nonetheless be quickly
identified as mockingbirds by certain aural clues.
mockingbird ['m?ki?b?:d] n.[美国英语] 【鸟类】嘲鸫属(Mimus) 鸣禽,小嘲鸫(ottos),反鸹;模仿鸟
superbly [sju:'p?:bli] adv. 雄伟地;壮丽地;上等地;庄重地
mimic ['mimik] vt. 模仿,摹拟
nonetheless [,n?n??'les] adv. 尽管如此,但是 conj. 尽管如此,但是
identify [ai'dentifai] vt. 识别
aural ['?:r?l] adj. 听觉的;耳的;气味的;先兆的
clue [klu:] n. 线索
尽管模仿鸟学很多种鸟的鸣叫声惟妙惟肖,但人类还是能够依其声音上的线索很快识别它们。
66. Not only can walking fish live out of water, but they can also travel short distances over land.
鲇鱼不仅可以离开水存活,还可以在岸上短距离移动。
67. Scientists do not know why dinosaurs became extinct, but some theories postulate that changers in
geography, climate, and sea levels were responsible.
dinosaur ['dain?s?:] n. 恐龙;过时、落伍的人或事物
extinct [ik'sti?kt] adj. 灭绝的,绝种的;熄灭的
postulate ['p?stjuleit] vt. 假定;要求;视…为理所当然 n. 基本条件;假定
geography [d?i'?ɡr?fi] n. 地理;地形
responsible [ri'sp?ns?bl] adj. 负责的,可靠的;有责任的
changer ['t?eind??] n.改变他物的人(或物),变更者;变换器;换流器;转换开关;(电唱机的)自动换片装

科学家不知道恐龙为何绝种了,但是一些理论推断是地理,气候和海平面的变化造成的。


68. The science of horticulture, in which the primary concerns are maximum yield and superior quality, utilizes
information derived from other sciences.
horticulture ['h?:tik?lt??] n. 园艺,园艺学
primary ['praim?ri] adj. 主要的;初级的;基本的 n. 原色;最主要者
concern [k?n's?:n] vt. 涉及,关系到;使担心 n. 关系;关心;关心的事
yield [ji:ld] vt. 屈服;出产;放弃 vi. 屈服,投降 n. 产量;收益
superior [sju:'piri?] adj. 上级的;优秀的,出众的;高傲的
utilize ['ju:tilaiz] vt. 利用
derive [di'raiv] vt. 源于;得自 vi. 起源
主要目的在于丰富和优质的农艺学利用了其他科学的知识。
69. Snow aids farmers by keeping heart in the lower ground levels, thereby saving the seeds from freezing.
aid [eid] n. 援助;帮助;助手;帮助者 vt. 援助;帮助;有助于 vi. 帮助
thereby [,?ε?'bai, '?ε?bai] adv. 从而,因此;在那附近;在那方面
雪对农民是一种帮助,因为它保持地层土壤的温度,使种子不致冻死。
70. Even though the precise qualities of hero in literary words may vary over time, the basic exemplary function
of the hero seems to remain constant.
precise [pri'sais] adj. 精确的;明确的;严格的
literary ['lit?r?ri] adj. 文学的;书面的;精通文学的
exemplary [iɡ'zempl?ri] adj. 典范的;惩戒性的;可仿效的
历代文学作品中的英雄本色虽各有千秋,但其昭世功力却是恒古不变的。
71. People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay into power and then
adding water.
prehistoric [,pri:hi'st?rik] adj. 史前的;陈旧的
create [kri'eit] vt. 创造,创作;造成
grind [ɡraind] vt. 磨碎;磨快 vi. 磨碎;折磨 n. 磨;苦工作
clay [klei] n. [土壤] 粘土;泥土;肉体;似黏土的东西
史前的人们制造颜料是将植物和泥土等原料磨成粉末,然后加水。
72. Often very annoying weeds, goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants and act as hosts to many insect pests.
annoying [?'n?ii?] adj. 讨厌的;恼人的
weed [wi:d] n. 杂草,野草;菸草 vt. 除草;铲除
goldenrod ['ɡ?uld?nr?d] n. 秋麒麟草属植物
crowd out vt. 挤出;推开
hardy ['hɑ:di] adj. 坚强的;勇敢的;能吃苦耐劳的;鲁莽的
host [h?ust] n. [计] 主机;主人;主持人;许多 vt. 主持;当主人招待 vi. 群集;做主人
insect ['insekt] n. 昆虫;卑鄙的人
pest [pest] n. 害虫;有害之物;讨厌的人
***花通常令人生厌,它挤走不那么顽强的植物,并找来很多害虫。
73. Starting around 7000 B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the Northern Hemisphere
experienced temperatures warmer than at present.
hemisphere ['hemi,sfi?] n. 半球
大约从公元前七千年开始,在四千年当中,北半球的温度比现在高。
74. When Henry Ford first sought financial backing for making cars, the very notion of farmers and clerks
owning automobiles was considered ridiculous.
seek [si:k] [sought ,sought, seeking ] vt. 寻求;寻找;探索;搜索 vi. 寻找;探索;搜索
notion ['n?u??n] n. 概念;见解;打算
clerk [klɑ:k, kl?:k] n. 职员,办事员;店员;书记;记帐员
ridiculous [ri'dikjul?s] adj. 可笑的;荒谬的
当亨利.福特最初制造汽车为寻求资金支持时,农民和一般职员也能拥有汽车的想法被认为是可笑的。
75. Though once quite large, the population of the bald eagle across North America has drastically declined in


the past forty years.
bald [b?:ld] adj. 秃顶的;光秃的;单调的;无装饰的
drastically ['dr?stik?li] adv. 彻底地;激烈地
decline [di'klain] n. 下降;衰退;斜面 vi. 下降;衰落;谢绝 vt. 谢绝;婉拒
北美秃头鹰的数量一度很多,但在近四十年中全北美的秃头鹰数量急剧下降。
76. The beaver chews down trees to get food and material with which to build its home.
beaver ['bi:v?] n. 海狸;海狸皮毛
chew [t?u:] n. 咀嚼;咀嚼物 vt. 嚼碎,咀嚼 vi. 细想,深思
水獭啃倒树木,以便取食物并获得造窝的材料。
77. Poodles were once used as retrievers in duck hunting, but the American Kennel Club does not consider
them sporting dogs because they are now primarily kept as pets.
poodle ['pu:dl] n. 狮子狗
retriever [ri'tri:v?] n. (训练成能寻回猎物的)猎犬;取回的人
kennel ['ken?l] n. 狗屋;养狗场
primarily ['praim?r?li] adv. 首先;主要地,根本上
pet [pet] n. 宠物;生气;受宠爱的人
长卷毛狗曾被用作猎鸭时叼回猎物的猎犬,但是美国Kennel Club却不承认它们为猎犬,因为它们现在
大多数作为宠物饲养。
78. As a result of what is now know in physics and chemistry, scientists have been able to make important
discoveries in biology and medicine.
physics ['fiziks] n. 物理学;物理现象
chemistry ['kemistri] n. 化学;化学过程
biology [bai'?l?d?i] n.生物;生物学
medicine ['medisin] n. 药;医学;内科;巫术 vt. 用药物治疗;给…用药
物理学和化学的一个成果是使得科学家们能在生物学和医学上获得重大发现。
79. The practice of making excellent films based on rather obscure novels has been going on so long in the
United States as to constitute a tradition.
excellent ['eks?l?nt] adj. 卓越的;极好的;杰出的
obscure [?b'skju?, ?b-] adj. 模糊的;晦涩的;昏暗的 vt. 遮掩;使变暗;使难理解
constitute ['k?nstitju:t] vt. 组成,构成;建立;任命
根据默默无闻的小说制作优秀影片在美国由来已久,已经成为传统。
80. Since the consumer considers the best fruit to be that which is the most attractive, the grower must provide
products that satisfy the discerning eye.
consumer [k?n'sju:m?] n. 消费者;用户,顾客
attractive [?'tr?ktiv] adj. 吸引人的;有魅力的;引人注目的
discern [di's?:n, -'z?:n] vt. 识别;领悟,认识 vi. 看清楚,辨别
因为顾客认为最好的水果应该看起来也是最漂亮的,所以种植者必须提供能满足挑剔眼光的产品。
81. Television the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth,
is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our
lives and our world.
pervasive [p?:'veisiv, p?-] adj. 普遍的;到处渗透的
persuasive [p?'sweisiv, -ziv] adj. 有说服力的;劝诱的,劝说的
extraordinary [ik'str?:d?n?ri, ,ekstr?'?:di-] adj. 非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的
sophistication [s?,fisti'kei??n] n. 复杂;诡辩;老于世故;有教养
versatilityn. 多功能性;多才多艺;用途广泛
promise ['pr?mis] n. 许诺,允诺;希望 v. 允诺,许诺;给人以…的指望或希望
reshape [,ri:'?eip] vt. 改造;再成形
电视,这项从迅速变化和 成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术,正在步入一个新时代,一个极
为成熟和多样化的时代,这 将重塑我们的生活和世界。


82. Television is more than just an electronics; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for
communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
electronics [,ilek'tr?niks] n. 电子学;电子工业
expression [ik'spre??n] n. 表达,表示;表情;表现力;措辞
vehicle ['vi:ikl] n. [车辆] 车辆;工具;交通工具;运载工具;传播媒介;媒介物
communication [k?,mju:ni'kei??n] n. 通讯,[通信] 通信;交流
电视不仅仅是一件电器;它是表达的手段和交流的载体并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。
83. Even more shocking is the fact that the number and rate of imprisonment have more than doubled over the
past twenty years, and recidivism------that is the rate for re-arrest ------is more than 60 percent.
shocking ['??ki?] adj. 令人震惊的;可怕的,令人厌恶的;糟糕的
rate [reit] n. 比率,率;速度;价格;等级
imprisonment [im'priz?nm?nt] n. 监禁,关押;坐牢;下狱
recidivism [ri'sidiviz?m] n. 再犯,累犯
更让人吃惊的事实是监禁的数目和比例在过去的二十年中翻了一番还有余,以及累犯率—— 即再次拘押
的比例——为百分之六十强。
84. His teaching began at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but William Rainey Harper lured him to
the new university of Chicago, where he remained officially for exactly a generation and where his students in
advanced composition found him terrifyingly frigid in the classroom but sympathetic and understanding in their
personal conferences.
Massachusetts [,m?s?'t?u:sits] n. 马萨诸塞州(美国)
institute ['institjut, -tu:t] n. 学会,协会;学院
Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院
lure [lju?] n. 诱惑;饵;诱惑物 vt. 诱惑;引诱
officially [?'fi??li] adv. 正式地;官方地;作为公务员
exactly [iɡ'z?ktli] adv. 恰好地;正是;精确地;正确地
generation [,d?en?'rei??n] n. 一代;产生;一代人
terrifyingly ['terifaii?li] adv. 惊人地;令人害怕地
frigid ['frid?id] adj. 寒冷的,严寒的;冷淡的
sympathetic [,simp?'θetik] adj. 同情的;共鸣的;赞同的;和谐的;合意的
conference ['k?nf?r?ns] n. 会议;协商;讨论;[篮]联盟
他的教书生涯始于麻省理工学院,但是William Rainey Harper把他吸引到了新成立的芝加哥大学。他
在那里正式任职长达整整一代人的时 间。他的高级作文课上的学生觉得他
在课上古板得可怕,但私下交流却富有同情和理解。
85. The sloth pays such little attention to its personal hygiene that green algae grow on its coarse hair and
communities of a parasitic moth live in the depths of its coat producing caterpillars which graze on its mouldy
hair. Its muscles are such that it is quits incapable of moving at a speed of over a kilometer an hour even over
the shortest distances and the swiftest movement it can make is a sweep of its hooked arm.
sloth [sl?θ] n. 怠惰,懒惰;[脊椎] 树懒
hygiene ['haid?i:n] n. 卫生;卫生学;保健法
algae ['?lɡ?-d?i:, '?ld?i:] n. [植] 藻类;[植] 海藻
coarse [k?:s] adj. 粗糙的;粗俗的;下等的
community [k?'mju:niti] n. 社区;团体;共同体;群落
parasitic [,p?r?'sitik] adj. 寄生的(等于parasitical)
moth [m?θ, m?:θ] n. 蛾;蛀虫
caterpillar ['k?t?pil?] n. [无脊椎] 毛虫;履带车 adj. 有履带装置的
graze [ɡreiz] vt. 放牧;擦伤 vi. 吃草;擦伤 n. 放牧;轻擦
mouldy ['m?uldi] n. 鱼雷 adj. 发霉的;旧式的;腐朽的
muscle ['m?sl] n. 肌肉;力量
quits [kwits] adj. 对等的;两相抵消的


incapable [in'keip?bl] adj. 不能的;无能力的;不能胜任的
hooked [hukt] adj. 钩状的;吸毒成瘾的;入迷的
树獭即不讲究卫生,以至于它粗糙的毛发上生出绿苔,成群的寄生蛾生长 在它的皮毛深处,变成毛毛虫,
并以它的脏毛为食。她的肌肉不能让他哪怕在很短的距离以内以每小时
一公里的速度移动。它能做的最敏捷的动作就是挥一挥它弯曲的胳膊。
86. Artificial flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of
materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers.
artificial [,ɑ:ti'fi??l] adj. 人造的;仿造的;虚伪的;非原产地的;武断的
scientific [,sai?n'tifik] adj. 科学的,系统的
decorative ['dek?r?tiv] adj. 装饰性的;装潢用的
skillfully ['skilfuli] adv. 巧妙地;精巧地
scarcely ['skε?sli] adv. 几乎不,简直不;简直没有
distinguish [dis'ti?ɡwi?] vt. 区分;辨别;使杰出,使表现突出 vi. 区别,区分;辨别
人造花卉即可用于科学目的,也可用于装饰目的,它们可以用各种各样的材 料制成,臂如蜡和玻璃;其
制作如此精巧,几乎可以以假乱真。
87. Three years of research at an abandoned coal mine in Argonne, Illinois, have resulted in findings that
scientists believe can help reclaim thousands of mine disposal sites that scar the coal-rich regions of the United
States.
abandon [?'b?nd?n] vt. 遗弃;放弃 n. 狂热;放任
Argonne [ɑ:'ɡ?n] 阿戈讷(法国东北部林区,第一、二次世界大战主战场之一)[亦作 Argonne Forest]
reclaim [ri'kleim] vt. 开拓;回收再利用;改造某人,使某人悔改 vi. 抗议,喊叫 n. 改造,感化;再生

disposal [dis'p?uz?l] n. 处理;支配;清理;安排 adj.处理(或置放)废品的
site [sait] n. 地点;位置;场所 vt. 设置;为…选址
scar [skɑ:] vt. 伤害;给留下伤痕 vi. 结疤;痊愈 n. 创伤;伤痕
region ['ri:d??n] n. 地区;范围;部位
result in导致,结果是
在伊利诺州Angonne市的一个废 弃煤矿的三年研究取得了成果,科学家们相信这些成果可以帮助改造把
美国产煤区弄得伤痕累累的数千个 旧煤场。
88. When the persuading and the planning for the western railroads had finally been completed, the really
challenging task remained: the dangerous, sweaty, backbreaking, brawling business of actually building the
lines.
persuade [p?'sweid] vt. 说服,劝说;使某人相信;劝某人做(不做)某事 vi. 说服;被说服
sweaty ['sweti] adj. 出汗的;吃力的;使人出汗的
backbreak ['b?kbreik] n. 超挖;超爆 vt. 超挖;超爆(等于overbreak)
brawling ['br?:li?] n. 争吵;喧嚷 adj. 爱吵架的 v. 吵架(brawl的ing形式)
当有关西部铁路的说服和规划工作终于完成后,真正艰难的任务还没 有开始;即危险,吃力,需要伤筋
动骨和吵吵嚷嚷的建造这些铁路的实际工作。
89. Because of the space crunch, the Art Museum has become increasingly cautious in considering acquisitions
and donations of art, in some cases passing up opportunities to strengthen is collections.
crunch [kr?nt?] n. 咬碎,咬碎声
space crunch 空间不足
cautious ['k?:??s] adj. 谨慎的;十分小心的
acquisition [,?kwi'zi??n] n. 获得物,获得
donation [d?u'nei??n] n. 捐款,捐赠物;捐赠
strengthen ['stre?θ?n, 'stre?kθ?n] vt. 加强;巩固 vi. 变强;变坚挺
由于空间不足,艺术博物馆在考虑购买和接受捐赠的艺术品是越来越慎重,有些 情况下放弃其进一步改
善收藏的机会。
90. The United States Constitution requires that President be a natural- born citizen, thirty-five years of age or


older, who has lived in the United States for a minimum of fourteen years.
constitution [,k?nsti'tju:??n] n. 宪法;体质;章程;构造
natural-born ['n?t??r?l'b?:n] adj. 天生的
美国宪法要求总统是生于美国本土的公民,三十五岁以上,并且在美国居住了至少十四年。
91. Arid regions in the southwestern United States have become increasingly inviting playgrounds for the
growing number of recreation seekers who own vehicles such as motorcycles or powered trail bikes and indulge
in hill-climbing contests or in caving new trails in the desert.
arid ['?rid] adj. 干旱的;不毛的,[农] 荒芜的
inviting [in'vaiti?] adj. 诱人的;有魅力的
playground ['pleiɡraund] n. 运动场,操场
recreation [,rekri'ei??n] n. 娱乐;消遣;休养
seeker ['si:k?] n. 探求者;搜查人
trail [treil] vt. 追踪;拖;蔓延;落后于 n. 小径;痕迹;尾部;踪迹 vi. 飘出;蔓生;垂下;拖曳
trail bike越野摩托车
indulge [in'd?ld?] vt. 满足;纵容;使高兴;使沉迷于… vi. 沉溺;满足;放任
contest ['k?ntest, k?n'test] vt. 争辩;提出质疑 vi. 竞争;争辩 n. 竞赛;争夺;争论
cave [keiv] vt. 使凹陷,使塌落;在…挖洞穴 vi. 凹陷,塌落;投降 n. 洞穴,窑洞
美国西部的不毛之地正成为玩耍的地方,对越来越多拥有摩托车 或越野单车类车辆的,喜欢放纵于爬坡
比赛或开辟新的沙漠通道的寻欢作乐者具有不断增长的吸引力。
92. Stone does decay, and so tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the man who made them
have disappeared without trace.
trace [treis] 痕迹
石头不会腐烂,所以以前的(石器)工具能保存下来,虽然它们的制造者已经消失的无影无踪。
93. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our
flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.
devour [di'vau?]吞食flock [fl?k] 群 flocks沉淀、絮状物herd [h?:d] 牧人
昆虫就将会使我们无法在这个世界上居住; 如果我们没有受到以昆虫为食的动物的保护,昆虫就会吞嚼
掉我们所有的庄稼并杀死我们饲养的禽兽。
94. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature,
equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of
their way to court such excitement.
exploration [,ekspl?:'rei??n] 装备探险difficulty ['difik?lti] perilous ['peril?s] 危险的equip [i'kwip] shudder
['??d?] court [k?:t] 法院、追求、奉承
确实,他们在探险中遇到了 极具威胁性的困难和危险,而他们的装备会让一个现代登山者想一想都会浑
身颤栗。不过他们并不是刻意 去追求刺激的。
95. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future
before him and old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
rub [r?b] 摩擦、障碍
老人 和年轻人之间只有一个区别:年轻人的前面有辉煌的未来,老年人灿烂的未来却已在它们身后。这
也许就 是困难之所在。
96. I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean
ambitions or love comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things.
dreary ['dri?ri] 沉闷的commitment [k?'mitm?nt]承诺ambition [?m'bi??n] 野心comfort ['k?mf?t]
我们位年强人振奋。它们带有自由 的气息,他们不会为狭隘的野心和贪婪享受而孜孜以求。他们不是焦
虑的向上爬的人,他们不会对物质性 的东西难舍难分。
97. I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if
only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no
inclination to meet on the battlefield.
common ['k?m?n] cricket ['krikit] n. 板球,蟋蟀inclination [,inkli'nei??n]


每次我听说体 育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情,说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相
遇就会没有兴趣 在战场上相遇的话,我都倍感诧异。
98. It is impossible to say simply for the fun and exercise: as soon as the question of prestige arises, as soon as
you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are
around.
disgrace [dis'greis]耻辱lose [lu:z]失败savage ['s?vid?] 粗鲁的combative ['k?mb?tiv] 好斗的instinct
['insti?kt] 直觉、本能prestige [pres'ti:?]威望
没有 可能仅仅为了娱乐或锻炼而运动:一旦有了问题,一旦你觉得你输了你和你所属团体会有失体面时,
你最 野蛮的好斗本能就会被激发出来。
99. It has been found that certain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes, they can locate and steer clear
of obstacles------or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with
radar, the principle of which is similar.
emit [i'mit] 发出、放射squeak [skwi:k] 吱吱声echo ['ek?u] 回声steer [sti?] 引导obstacle ['?bst?kl] 障碍
radar ['reid?] principle ['prins?pl] 原则主义similar ['simil?]
人们已经发现,某些蝙蝠发 出尖叫声并靠接受回响来锁定和避免障碍物——或者找到它们赖以为生的昆
虫。蝙蝠这种回响定位法常拿 来和原理与之很相近似的雷达相比。
100. As the time and cost of making a clip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars, engineers may soon be
free to let their imaginations soar without being penalized by expensive failure.
clip [klip]夹子、回形针、剪报soar [s?:, s??] n. 高扬v. 往上飞舞,高耸penal ['pi:nl] a. 刑罚的penalize
['pi:n?laiz] v. 处刑,宣告有罪,使不利failure ['feilj?] n. 失败engineer [,end?i'ni?] n. 工程师imagination
[i,m?d?i'nei??n] n. 想象,想象力
随着芯片制造时间和费用降低到了几天和几百美元,工程师们可能很快可以任他们的想象驰骋而不会被
昂 贵的失败所惩罚。

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