高一英语(完形填空与阅读理解加油站一)

教师辅导讲义
年 级：高一 课时数：3 辅导科目：英语
课 题

教学目标

完形填空与阅读理解加油站一
1. 通过精读了解各类文章阅读的重点与技巧
2. 通过完形和阅读的训练全面提升英语综合能力
教学内容
Step1：Greetings & Free Talk
1、Talk about the week in school. What news story book movie … have u got?
2、Is there sth importantspecialinteresting happening this week?

Step2：Assignments checking & Revision
The assigned exercises on the previous handout.

Step3：Extensive Reading

Many changes are taking place in food styles in the United States. The United States is traditionally famous for its
very solid and unchanging diet, chiefly made up of meat and potatoes. Now people in America have many different
choices: ethnic food, health food, and fast food, in addition to the traditional home-cooked meal.

Ethnic restaurants and supermarkets are common in the United States. Being a country of immigrants, the United
States enjoys a wide variety of ethnic food. Most American cities and towns are filled with restaurants serving
international cooking. Many even have ethnic sections: Chinatown, Little Italy, or Germantown. Having vast ethnic
choices, Americans can enjoy food from all over the world. Besides sections of cities, there are ethnic regions, which
are well-known for certain food because of the people who have settled there. For example, in southern California, there
are many Mexican restaurants.

Health food became popular when people began to think more seriously about their physical well-being. Health
food is fresh, natural, and unprocessed food, which does not contain preservatives to make it last longer or chemicals
to make it taste or look better. People who are keen on health food are usually vegetarians. They don't eat meat, but
live on beans, cheese, and eggs.

Fast food restaurants are now expanding rapidly all over the country. In the United States, speed is a very
important concept. People usually have a short lunch break because they just do not want to waste their time eating.
Fast food restaurants are places that take care of hundreds of people in a short time. There is usually very little
waiting, and the food is always cheap. Burger and pizza places are just two examples.

Americans' attitude toward food is changing, too. The traditional big breakfast is no longer popular. However,
coming to rediscover the social importance of food, Americans find that dinner with family and friends is a very
special way of enjoying time together. Like so many people in other cultures, many Americans are taking time to relax
and enjoy a wider variety of tastes at dinner, even if they still rush through lunch at a hamburger stand.


I. Comprehension Questions
1. American people can have _______ .

A. food only made of meat and potatoes B . very solid and unchanging diet

C . food of many different choices D. very traditional food only in restaurants

2. Why do you think most American cities are full of restaurants serving international cooking?

A. Because ethnic restaurants and supermarkets are common in the United States.

B. Because the United States is a country of immigrants from all over the world.

C. Because the American people have been fed up with their simple and boring traditional food.

D. Because there are many ethnic sections like Chinatown, Little Italy, or Germantown in these cities.

3. Which of the following is health food?

A. Preserved fruits B. Sausages C. French fries D. Fresh beans

4. What can we infer from the passage?

A. American people used to have big breakfast which usually took them quite a long time.

B. American people now like fast food as well as health food, which seems contradictory.

C. American people cannot afford to enjoy their lunch because of the fast pace of life.

D. American people are mostly vegetarians because they love health food.'

5. How do you understand the phrase

A. spend time B . do something slowly

C . enjoy the moment D. waste time


II. Put the following phrases either in English or Chinese according to the reading passage
1. physical well-being ________________ 2. health food ________________
3. attitude toward _________________ 4. take place ________________
5. a variety of ________________ 6. 由……组成 _______________
7. 热衷于 8. 浪费时间做某事
9. 以……为主食 10. 赶紧做完 ________________

III. Fill in the blank with the words or phrases in the reading passage
1. In the sentence
is _______________________ its very solid and unchanging diet
2. People who have settled in a new country are called _____________ .
3. Americans have now learnt to enjoy a______________ tastes, other than meat and potatoes.
4. Health food is becoming popular as people have begun to care more about their _______________ .
5. We will try our best to restore her to health but it may _______________ .
6. There are 12 people in the team; that is, the team ________________ 12 people.

IV. Translation
1．我们公司主要由4个部门组成。(make)


2．公共汽车上挤满了乘客。(fill)


3．唐人街以各种中国民族风味的食品而著称。( know)


4．除了汉语书外，这家书店还有很多种外语书籍可供选择。(in addition to)

5．他们不想把时间浪费在做饭上，因此他们匆匆忙忙地在快餐店吃了午餐。( waste，rush)


6．我知道要他充分相信我们需要时间，但我肯定他很快会喜欢上健康食品的。(take time，keen)


Keys
I. Comprehension Questions
1—5 CBDAB
II. Put the following phrases either in English or Chinese according to the reading passage
1. 身体健康 2. 健康食品 3. 对……的态度 4. 发生 5. 各种各样的
6. be made up of 7. be keen on 8. waste time (in) doing sth. 9. live on 10. rush through
Ⅲ. Fill in the blank with the words or phrases in the reading passage
1. well-known for 2. immigrants 3. wide variety of 4. physical well-being 5. take time 6. is made up of
IV. Translation
1. Our company is chiefly made up of 4 departments.
2. The bus is filled with passengers
3. China Town is well known for various kinds of Chinese ethnic food.
4. In addition to Chinese books, there are many foreign language books to choose from in the bookstore.
5. They didn't want to waste their time cooking, so they rushed through their lunch at a snack bar.
6. I know it will take time for him to believe us but I'm sure he will soon be keen on health food.

Step4： 阅读完型加油站

Cloze
The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people's and nation's wants. The problem we are faced with is that
our resources, here identified as money, are 1 The only way we can resolve our problem is to make choices. After
looking at our resources, we must examine our list of 2 and identify the things we need immediately, those we can
postpone, and 3 we cannot afford. As individuals, we face the central problem involved in economics—deciding just
how to allocate our limited resources to provide 4 with the greatest satisfaction of our wants.
Nations face the same problem. As a country's population 5 , the need for more goods and services grows
correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase, but there 6 are enough resources to satisfy the
total desires of a nation. Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family living room, in the conference room of the
corporation 7 of directors, or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington, the basic problem still
exists. We need to find 8 of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants.
A short time ago economists divided goods into two categories, free and economic. The former, like air and water, were
in 9 abundance that economists had no concern for them. After all, economics is the 10 of scarcity and what
to do about it. Today many of these goodsare 11 very expensive to use. Pollution has made clean air and
water expensive for producers' extra costs, and 12 taxpayers who pay for the government's involvement in cleaning
the environment.
In the 1990s, almost all goods are 13 . Only by effort and money 14 obtained in the form people wish.
Meeting needs of people and the demands from resource available 15 the basic activity of production. In trying
to meet unlimited wants from limited economic goods, production leads to new problems in economics.
( ) 1. A. limited B. unlimited C. scarcity D. abundant
( ) 2. A. want B. problem C. wants D. resources
( ) 3. A. those B. some C. others D. many
( ) 4. A. them B. themselves C. ourselves D. ours

( ) 5. A. expand B. extends
( ) 6. A. always B. sometimes
( ) 7. A. management B. function
( ) 8. A. people B. economists
( ) 9. A. so B. great
( )10.A. form B. study
( )11.A. practically B. in practice
( )12.A. the B.
( )13.A. plentiful B. scarce
( )14.A. they can be B. can they be
( ) 15.A. are led to B. leads

Keys
1-5 ACACC 6-10 DCDCB 11-15 CCBBD
Reading
C. grows D. increase
C. often D. never
C. board D. group
C. way D. methods
C. such D. such an
C. means D. source
C. in reality D. practicably
C. for D. with
C. abundant D. in full supply
C. they must be D. must they be
C. lead to D. leads to
(A)
When I met him, I had a lot of anger inside of me. I've lived my whole life in Spanish Harlem, but in my neighborhood,
there are shoot-ups all the time. I know kids who have been shot or beaten up. I have friends who ended up in prison. I could
have ended up that way, too, but Mr. Clark wouldn't let that happen.
Mr. Clark worked long hours, making sure I did my work. My grades rose. In fact, the scores of our whole class rose.
One day, he took our class to see The Phantom of the Opera, and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of Harlem.
Before the show, he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full. We did not want to let
him down.
Mr. Clark was selected as Disney's 2000 Teacher of the Year. He said he would draw three names out of a hat; those
students would go with him to Los Angles to get the award. But when the time came to draw names, Mr. Clark said,
all going.
On graduation day, there were a lot of tears. We didn't want his class to end. In 2001, he moved to Atlanta, but he
always kept in touch. He started giving lectures about education, and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules,
The Essential 55. In 2003, Mr. Clark took some of us on a trip to South Africa to deliver school supplies and visit
orphanages(孤儿院). It was the most amazing experience of my life. It's now my dream to one day start a group of women's
clubs, helping people from all backgrounds.
( ) 16. Without Mr. Clark, the writer .
A. might have been put into prison B. might not have won the prize
C. might have joined a women's club D. might not have moved to Atlanta
( ) 17. The Essential 55 is ______________ .
A. a show B. a speech
C. a classroom rule D. a book
( ) 18. How many students' names were finally drawn out of a hat by Mr. Clark?
A. None B. Three C. Fifty-five D. All
( ) 19. In the passage, the writer intends to tell us that _______________ .
A. Mr. Clark went to South Africa because he liked traveling
B. Mr. Clark helped to set up a group of women's clubs
C. a good teacher can raise his or her students' score
D. a good teacher has a good influence on his or her students
(B)
When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few

people who will get into their cars and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk(冒......危险)
being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an- hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.
追逐)喜好), especially in the Midwest of the United States,
where there are frequent storms between March and July. A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest
weather reports, and then drives up to 1,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for it to develop.
Although anyone can do it, storm chasing is extremely dangerous. The power of a big storm can throw a cow into the
air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain. If
you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season.
Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement.
spends most of his summer storm-chasing.
you get is blue sky and a few light showers.
However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it.
see in your life,
( ) 20. For storm chasing, the first thing storm chasers do is to _______________ .
A. head straight for the center of the storm
B. get into the car for safety
C. wait patiently for the storm to develop
D. collect information about a coming storm
( ) 21. Beginners of storm chasing are advised ________________ .
A. not to drive in a heavy rain B. to do it in an organized way
C. not to get too close to a storm D. to spend more time on it in summer
( ) 22. By saying _______________ .
A. storm chasing costs a lot of money
B. storm chasing is worth hours of waiting
C. efforts in storm chasing are well repaid
D. a storm presents the greatest show on Earth
(C)
Most episodes (情况) of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a
room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter.
encoded(译成密码) it deeply.
Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact (影响) on recalling
it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and
don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved in a conversation, you'll probably forget that the phone is in the
jacket now hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜). Rather, you didn't give
your memory system the information it needed.
Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness.
Zelinski, not remember to drop a letter in the have slightly better memories than men, possibly
because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that.
cues can help prevent absent-mindednesssays Schacter. be sure the cue is clear and available,he
cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don't leave
it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
Another common episode of absent-mindedness
:
walking into a room and wondering why you're there. Most likely, you
were thinking about something else.
where you were before entering the room, and you'll likely remember.
( ) 23. We can learn from the passage that encoding _________________ .
A. slows down the process of losing our memories

B. helps us understand our memory system better
C. gets us to recall something from our memories
D. helps us to find out the mobile phone in the pocket
( ) 24. Why do women have better memories than men?
A. They seldom use their mobile phones.
B. They are more nervous about the environment.
C. They are more interested in what's happening around them.
D. They usually take some special medicine to improve memories.
( ) 25. The sentence underlined in Paragraph 4 means that ________________ .
A. a note in the pocket will easily get lost
B. putting something in sight can be a good reminder
C. taking medicine can get rid of absent-mindedness
D. people of absent-mindedness must take medicine with them
( )26. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The causes of absent- mindedness.
B. The environment and memory.
C. A way of encoding and recalling.
D. The process of gradual memory loss.

Keys
16-19 ADDD 20-22 DBD 23-26 CCBA
Step5: To have a summary

Step6: Homework
1. 复习本次课上所讲的重要考点，整理笔记。
2．完成课后作业
How to Train a Dog?
First time dog owners may encounter many problems and get to know how to train their pets. Sometimes a puppy, or
even an older dog, will chew their fingers or bite them. Even in play, this can really hurt. Unfortunately, many pet owners
tolerate (容忍) this in a young dog. However, when the dog gets larger, it is not fun to be bitten by it. Training a dog never to
place his teeth on human skin or clothing is an important lesson. From now on, if you feel your dog's teeth while you are playing
with him, say
him any more.
Another bad habit that many people tolerate in their pets is allowing them to bite and hold on to clothing. Don't let your
dog do this to you. When he does something you want him to do, praise him and tell him he's a good dog. You can also give
him a treat at the same time he performs the good behavior. Eventually he will learn which kind of behavior is acceptable and
which is not. Remember that reward is more effective than punishment. If you reward your dog when he does what you want
him to, he will become very well-behaved. Also remember that puppies need to chew on something. So give him a sock with
a knot tied in it or an old shoe. If he chews the wrong thing, take it away while saying
chew. If dogs are trained well, they will truly be your friends for a lifetime.
Choose the best answers:
1. This passage is written to ______________ .
A. teach people how to train dogs
B. show dog owners how to behave
C. demonstrate good dog behavior
D. explain why a dog chews on something

2. According to this passage, many people may tend to _____________ .
A. think puppies should be properly trained
B. be too rough towards their dogs
C. give their dogs treats infrequently
D. allow their dogs to behave badly
3. Based on this passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Our behavior influences our dogs' behavior.
B. Dogs enjoy being rewarded by their owners.
C. Say nothing even when your dog bites you.
D. Training a dog takes patience and time.
4. The author thinks that a better way to train a dog is to ______________ .
A. punish him for any mistake he has made
B. reinforce (加强) his good behavior with a treat
C. tolerate him no matter what he does
D. be kind to him and not to scold him
5. The underlined word _____________
A. in the end B. frequently
C. first of all D. unexpectedly

Keys
1-5 ADCBA