大学英语四级-95

大学英语四级-95
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Reading Comprehension(总题数：4，分数：100.00)
A new report released by the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) reminds us of a topic education
writers almost never address—the indecent side of the recruitment of teachers abroad for U.S.
schools. The AFT report, Educators: Causes and Consequences of International Teacher
Recruitment,
The report says that one recruiter for overseas-educated teachers in Newark, N.J., forced recruits
to sign a contract obligating them to kick back 25 percent of their salaries to the recruiter.
Other recruiters claimed that they would help the teachers to get loans at 60 percent interest
rate. Some forbade them to own cars. Some placed the newly arrived teachers in overcrowded,
unfinished housing, the report said.
The AFT was smart to start their press release on the report with this true statement: growing
number of overseas-educated teachers in U.S. schools has put many talented educators in
classrooms.
This is something for school boards and citizens to investigate in cities that have recruited
many teachers from abroad. It is another reason why we should celebrate groups like Teach For
America that are working hard to persuade more Americans to consider teaching in those districts
that have the greatest shortages.
The best teacher I ever saw in action, the man who turned me into an education reporter, was educated
in Bolivia, and taught there until he moved to the U.S. when he was 34. He was not recruited by
anyone. His wife hoped that moving him to America would persuade him to stop teaching, which she
thought was beneath him. His name is Jaime Escalante. If anyone had tried any of these recruiter
tricks on him, they would have regretted it for the rest of their lives. He was, and still is
in retirement, a tough guy, who spent 10 years learning English and redoing his college education
so he could teach here. I am sure the AFT will be very happy ff we get more like him, and stop
this exploitation of people who want to help kids.（分数：25.00）
(1).What issue has long been ignored by education writers?（分数：5.00）
overseas teachers wanted to work in the American schools.
was dirty work in the process of recruiting overseas teachers. √
American schools recruited unqualified overseas teachers.
as teachers did not enjoy any welfare in the United States.
解析：[解析] 第1段第1句破折号前的never addres s和本题题干中的ignored意思相近，因此，本题答
案应从破折号后寻找。破折号后的indec ent side和B中的dirty work意义相近，B是对破折号后的内容
的近义改写，故为本题答案。
(2).What is the AFT report mainly concerned about?（分数：5.00）
low salaries of the overseas teachers.
recruiting process of the overseas teachers. √
need for more overseas teachers in the U.S.
living conditions of the overseas teachers.
解析：[解析] 从第1段第1句中的indecent side和第3段最后一句中的immoral recruiting可以知道
AFT关注的是“招募 ”本身的过程，不是别的细节问题，因此，本题应选B。
(3).The author is most likely to agree that that have the greatest shortages______.
（分数：5.00）

not appeal to local American teachers at all
a flawed education system

in great need of teachers √
解析：[解析] 只要找出“districts that have the greatest shortages”最短缺的是什么，本题就迎刃
而解了。根据第4段和 全文的内容可以知道这些地区最缺的就是“教师”，因此，D的说法是正确的。
(4).It is implied in the last paragraph that Mrs. Escalante thought that ______.（分数：5.00）
rs were not highly respected in the U.S.
as teachers were usually unfairly treated
husband deserved a better job than teaching √
husband had always wanted to change his job
解析：[解析] 最后一段第3句中的定语从句which she thought was beneath him中，which指的是teaching，
而beneath sb. 意为“对某人不够好”，由此可见，Mrs. Escalante认为当教师对于丈夫来说太埋没他的
才能了，也就是说，她认为丈夫能胜任比当教师更好的工作，故选C。
(5).According to the passage, what is AFT?（分数：5.00）
A.A non-government organization of teachers. √
B.A research institute on teachers
C.A government branch administering teachers.
D.A scholarly journal issued by teachers.
解析：[解析] 第1段第1句提到了AFT发表了一份新报告，据此可以推断AFT是一个具有行为能力的个人
或组织， 据此可排除D。文章最后一句提到如果我们有更多像Mr. Escalante那样的老师，并停止剥削真心从教的老师，AFT会很高兴，从此可见，AFT对于对老师的剥削，并不能采取什么行动，可排除C。而 全
文提到AFT一篇有关海外教师招募问题的报告，并不能说明AFT就是一个针对教师问题的调查机构 ，B排
除。综合上述，本题选A。
Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger. Not all will be
saved, and perhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are
low-quality business. We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist.
But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened. They are doing a fine
job educationally, but they are caught in a financial squeeze, with no way to reduce rising costs
or increase revenues significantly. Raising tuition doesnbring in more revenue, for each time
tuition goes up, the enrollment goes down, or the amount that must be given away in student aid
goes up. Schools are bad businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of
mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise. They lose money on every customer,
and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students. Even a very good college
is a very bad business.
It is such colleges, thriving but threatened, I worry about. Low enrollment is not their chief
problem. Even with full enrollments, they may go under. Efforts to save them, and preferably to
keep them private, are a national necessity. There is no basis for arguing that private schools
are
inherently
(固有地) better than public schools. Examples to the contrary abound. Anyone can
name state universities and colleges that rank as the finest in the nation and the world. It is
now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant, and therefore diversity is a national
necessity. Diversity in the way we support schools tends to give us a healthy diversity in the
forms of education. In an imperfect society such as ours, uniformity of education throughout the
nation could be dangerous. In an imperfect society, diversity is a positive good. Enthusiastic
supporters of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education.
（分数：25.00）
(1).According to the author（分数：
5.00）
agement
few students
ial squeeze
characteristics √

解析：[解析] 事实细节题。本题考查因果关系。第2段倒数第3句中的“not because of...but because
of... ”指出了nature就是原因所在，characteristics是nature的近义词，故D正确。
(2).The author used the phrase （分数：5.00）
into difficulties √
low enrollment
little money
in more money
解析：[解析] 词义理解题。通过go under所在句子中的Even with...可知，该句与上一句形成对比，这
两句中的enrollment是相对应的，所以go under应该也与上文的problem相对应，由此可推断，go under
就是have pr oblemdifficulty之义。本题最具干扰性的是C，但文中并无细节具体说明即使入学人数满
额学校收入也很少的问题，因此C把problem定义得过细，不如A恰当。
(3).We can reasonably conclude from this passage that the author made an appeal to the public
in order to support ______.（分数：5.00）
institution
e schools √
mity of education
ity of education
解析：[解析] 推理判断题，也是主旨大意题。文章一开头就指出“许多私立高 等学校都处于危险之中”，
引起读者的关注，结尾句明确倡议支持公立高等教育的人们应该同样支持私立 高等教育，由此可见，B是
本文的目的。本题最具干扰性的是D，D的说法在最后一段中多次提到，但是 作者提出办学多样性是为了说
明私立教育的重要性，故D只是本文主题(私立教育)的支持性细节，并非 本文的中心话题。
(4).Which of the following is NOT mentioned about private schools?（分数：5.00）
-quality private schools deserve to be saved.
the tuition of the private schools is raised, the enrollment goes down.
are many cases to show that public schools are better than private schools.
e schools are more profitable than public schools. √
解析：[解析] 事实细节题。可用排除法找出答案。A可从第 1段推断得出；B可在第2段第3句中找到；C
可从最后一段中间找到。
(5).Which of the following ways could possibly save private schools?（分数：5.00）
g tuition.
enrollment.
al awareness and support. √
ion of rising costs.
解析：[解析] 推理判断题。可用排除法找出答案，根 据原文，第2段第3句可证明A不可行；最后一段第
3句证明B不可行；第2段第2句也指出D行不通。 本文的目的是为了提高公众对私立教育的关注，由此
可见，只有C是拯救私立高校的可行性方法。
When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to
Grandma
code will be Sunday-best.
But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a
stoneware
(粗
陶)-and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts
and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain,
it spells economic hard times.
Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating
1,000 jobs—one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of
positions lost in 18 months in the
pottery
(陶瓷) region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories
made cuts earlier.
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in
Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that

the company been somewhat slow in catching up with the trendtoward casual dining. Families
eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single
or they eat in front of television.
Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and
demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, tightly, that itbetter to share a takeout pizza
on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a
Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish
the silver? Who has time?
Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of
etiquette
(礼节) that children
might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents
(
Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally
but clueless socially.（分数：25.00）
(1).The trend toward casual dining has resulted in ______.（分数：5.00）
ptcy of fine china manufacturers
ing of the pottery industry √
cturing of large enterprises
ic recession in Great Britain
解析：[解析] 推理判断题。首先依据题目中的casual dining找到第2段中的info rmality。其后有两个
for引导的介词短语，后一个说“对于英国精致瓷器的制造商来说，这( informality)意味着经济困难时期”；
此外，第3段用数据具体指出陶瓷业裁员之严重，说 明陶瓷业在萎缩，即B。A、D均属夸大事实，C与文
章内容无关。
(2).Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?（分数：5.00）
members need more time to relax.
schedules leave people no time for formality. √
want to practice economy in times of scarcity.
people won
解析：[解析] 事实细 节题。根据倒数第2段第2句中指出现今休闲文化流行的背景：工作时间长，家庭生
活节奏紧张，B中的 Busy schedules与文中的demanding family schedules对应，故为答案。
(3).It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is ______.（分数：5.00）
A.a retailer of stainless steel tableware
B.a dealer in stoneware
C.a pottery chain store
D.a producer of fine china √
解析：[解析] 事实细节题。Royal Doulton在文章中出现过两次：第3段说它裁员，因 为人们用餐越来越
随意(不再讲究餐具的精致)；第4段中“A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company... ”，
暗示公司的性质，可以推断它是精制器皿的生产者。
(4).The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is ______.（分数：5.00）
increased value of the pound
economic recession in Asia
change in people√
fierce competition at home and abroad
解析：[解析] 事实细节题。根据题目中的the layoffs找到文章第4段首句，其中的have their roots in
相当于题目中的main cause is，shifts相当于C中的change。其实本题 与第1小题是交叉相关的，从第
1小题的题目可找到本题的答案。
(5).Refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life, ______.（分
数：5.00）
still a must on certain occasions √
bound to return sooner or later

still being taught by parents at home
help improve personal relationships
解析：[解析] 事实细节题。根据最后一段，特别是第2句“The fine points of etiquette...must be picked
up elsewhere良好的餐桌礼仪 必须在其他地方被重拾起来”，可知礼仪在某些场合还是必要的，故答案为
A。
In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child
skill—the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing.
It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up
dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage.
A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to
read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child
is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm
for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially
strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for
meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the
community as much as the child
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important
in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality.
Also, parents should realize that
do not practise what they
preach
(说教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure
when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parentsprinciples and their morals can
be a dangerous disappointment.（分数：25.00）
(1).Eagerly watching the child（分数：5.00）
be avoided
universal among parents √
up dangerous states of worry in the child
make him lose interest in learning new things
解析：[解析] 事实细节题。第1段第1句中的every parent，often等词表明这种 做法在父母中是非常普
遍的，显然B与之相符。A说法无原文依据，且由原文可看出题干所述现象是很难 避免的；C中dangerous
一词在原文中本是修饰其他情绪，故C不符；D是过多地让孩子自己一 个独处的后果，不是题干所述行为
的后果。
(2).In the process of children（分数：5.00）
encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
not expect too much of them
achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own √
create as many learning opportunities as possible
解析：[解析] 推理判断题。第1段第2句说明父母逼得太过分，应避免。最后一句则说明对小孩太放 任自
流同样不利。由这两点，我们可以做出如下判断：父母对孩子的“严”和“松”之间有一个恰当的“ 度”。
C与之相符。
(3).The second paragraph mainly tells us that ______.（分数：5.00）
s should be strict with their children
al controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
al restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children
alone √
s vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation
解析：[解析] 事实细节题。文章第2段表明：不同的家长对孩子的管制程度不 同；家长对小孩的管制不仅
是为了孩子个人的幸福，也反映了父母的需要以及社区的价值观，故C与原文 相符。

(4).The word （分数：5.00）

ment
or
ction √
解析：[解析] 词义理解题。由prece pt所在句可猜测precept应与example相对，且与下文的preach意
思相近，故D正 确。
(5).In moral matters, parents should ______.（分数：5.00）
e the rules themselves √
aware of the marked difference between adults and children
things which have no foundation in morality
tently ensure the security of their children
解析：[解析] 推理判断题。第3段提到 父母应该避免讲一套做一套，结合最后一段可得出结论：关于思想
道德教育问题，父母应以身作则，带头 遵循，故A正确。