英文音标发音规则学习

英语发音规则

音节: 开音节和闭音节
开音节: 以读音的元音字母结尾的重读音节叫绝对开音节(be, me, no, she);
以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母(r除外)再加上一个不发音的e结尾的重读
音
节叫相对开音节(came, fine, hope, like)。
闭音节: 以一个元音字母加一个或几个辅音字母(r除外)结尾的音节是闭音
节()。
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
a
在开音节中[ei] name plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中[ ] bag dad hat
map black back e
在开音节中[ i:] he these me Chinese 在闭音节中[e] bed let pen desk
yes egg
i
在开音节中[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中[ i ] fish
big drink sit milk swim
o
在开音节中[ou] those close go hoe home no在闭音节中[ ] clock not
box shop sock
u
在开音节中[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中[ ] bus cup
jump much lunch 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例
如:June blue ruler super
二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

a [ ] China another woman breakfast [ i ] orange comrade village
cabbage e [ ] hundred student open weekend [ i ] chicken pocket begin
children
i [ ] [ i ] holiday beautiful family animal [ai] exercise
satellite
o [ ] second tonight somebody welcome [ u] also zero photo
u [ ] autumn difficult [ ju: ] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July
influence February issue
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
a在[w]音后面[ ] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前[a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass
fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前[ ai ] find child light high
o在-st -ld前[ u] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前[ ] come monkey love mother
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
ar在[w]音后面[ a: ] car farm dark sharpener [ :] warm quarter
towards or在[w]音后面[ :] forty morning short [ :] word worker worse
er ir ur [ :] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成- r音节,而是按重读闭音节
的拼读规则发音. 例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如: dollar teacher martyr forget
Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
are [ ] care dare hare
ere [ ] here mere

ire [ ] fire hire wire
ore [ ] more score before
ure [ ] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音,例
如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元音字组时,重读元音字母应按- re音节拼读
规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音. 例如: parent zero story during inspiring
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
aiay [ ei ] afraid rain wait day play
air [ai ] air hair chair pair repair
al在f m前[ ] small ball talk wall all [ ] always also salt almost
bald [a:] half calm
auaw [ :] autumn daughter draw
ea [ i: ] teach easy cheap please [ e ] heavy bread sweater weather
[ ei ] break great
ear [ ] hear dear near clear year [ ] bear pear wear [ ] earth
learn early ee [ i: ] jeep week green three
eer [ ] pioneer deer beer
eiey [ei] eight neighbour they [i:] either key
euew在j l r s后[ju:] new few newspaper [u:] flew brew
ieei[s]音之后[i:] piece field receive
oa [ u] coat Joan boat goal
oaroor [ :] roar board door floor
oioy [ i] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school [u] book look cook foot good
ouow [au] flower house count down [ u] know row throw though
[ ] young country enough [ u: ] group you soup
our [ :] course your four [au] our hour ours [ :] journey

ui 在j l r s后[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition [u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
aiay eiey [ i ] Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ u] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[ ]音或[ i ]. 例如:neighbour serious famous
biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [ n] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后[ n] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后[t n] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [ ] pleasure measure
-ture [t ] picture culture
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读
音节拼读规则拼读.例如: everyday [ei] handbag[ ] blackboard[ :]
有些词随着 语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个
词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节 的读音规则发音.
例如: sun太阳+ day[ei]日子> Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神圣+ day[ei]日子> holiday[i] 假日
break中断+ fast[a:]斋戒> breakfast[ ] 早餐
cup茶杯+ board木板[ :] > cupboard[ ] 碗柜
九,辅字组的读音
b [b] bike bus bag []bomb tomb
c在e前或在iy前[k] cake picture coat music [s] face decide
cinema
ch [t ] much chick rich teacher [k] school headache chemistry [ ]
machine

-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [d ] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
g在e iy前[g ] bag garden go
[d ] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough [] light daughter high
gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中[ ] guess league dialogue [w] language
anguish
h [h] hot head house hand [] hour honest
j [d ] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column
n在[k] [g]音前[n] not shine ten note [ ] uncle thank hungry
-ng [ ] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前[s] sit sleep desk [z] music
husband
sc- [sk] scarlet [s] muscle science
sh [ ] she fish shirt wash

t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前[t] ten letter meet [ ] patient
nation
tch [t ] watch
th在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the -ther中
[θ] thin thirty method [ ] the these with than [ ] clo the father
weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait [] answer two
wh- wh-在字母o前[w] what when white why [h] who whose whole
x 在重读元音前[ks] box text exercise [gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节,多音节词的读音时,< br>应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号.
开音节
①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:no blue ba-
by stu-dent se-cret.
②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构
成的重读音节. 例如:name these bike home ex-cuse.
闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节.
例如:bag egg fish not cup
多音节词重读规则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读.
例如: el-e-phant con-grat-u- la-tion
词尾有-ic或- tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.
例如:scien-tific im-pression nation

英语发音连读的规则:

连读的条件:相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关,同 属一个意群。连读所构成
的音节一般都不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可读得太重,也不可吞音。 (连读
符号:~)
(1)“辅音元音”型连读
在同一个意群里,如果相邻两词 中的前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以元
音开头,这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。
I’m~an~English boy.
It~is~an~old book.
Let me have~a look~at~it.
Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday.
I called~you half~an~hour~ago.
Put~it~on, please.
Not~at~all.
Please pick~it~up.
(2)“rre 元音”型连读
如果前一个词是以-r或者- re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不
但要发r,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。
They’re my father~and mother.
I looked for~it here~and there.
There~is a football under~it.
There~are some books on the desk.
Here~is a letter for you.
Here~are four~eggs.
But where~is my cup?
Where~are your brother~and sister?
但是,如果一个音节的前后都有字母r,即使后面的词以元音开头,也不能连
读。

The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.(nearer与and不可连
读)
(3)“辅音半元音”型连读 英语语音中的j和w是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以
半元音,特别是j开头, 此时也要连读。
Thank~you.
Nice to meet~you.
Did~you get there late~again?
Would~you like~a cup~of tea?
Could~you help me, please?
“音的同化”
—常把d j读成dV,did you听上成了did u,would you成了wud
u,could you成了kud u。
(4)“元音元音”型连读 如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两
个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。
I~am Chinese.
He~is very friendly to me.
She wants to study~English.
How~and why did you come here?
She can’t carry~it.
It’ll take you three~hours to walk there.
The question is too~easy for him to answer. < br>(5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的
辅音与元音出现, 也不可连读。
Is~it a~hat or a cat?(hat与or之间不可以连读)
There~is~a good book in my desk. (book与in之间不可以连读)
Can you speak~English or French? (English与or之间不可以连读)

Shall we meet at~eight or ten tomorrow morning? (meet与at,eight与
or之间不可以连读)
She opened the door and walked~in. (door与and之间不可以连读)
失去爆破6个爆破音有3对p,b,t,d,k,g
失去爆破,又叫不完全爆破,就是在某 些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不
发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。
(1)“爆破音爆破音”型
6个爆破音中的任意2个相邻时,前一个爆破音会失去爆破,即 由相关的发音
器官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。
The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.
The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.
Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?
This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.
The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.
We’re go ing to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.
What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?
It’s a very col(d) day, but it’s a goo(d) day.
You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.
I bought a chea(p) book, but it’s a goo(d) book.
(2)“爆破音摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音, 其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如
f,s,W,T等),那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破,而后面那个 摩擦音
则要完全爆破。
6个爆破音有3对p,b,t,d,k,g失去爆破,又叫不完全爆 破,就是
在某些情况下,只须做出发音的准备,但并不发音,稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。
( 1)“爆破音爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相邻时,前一个爆破音会失
去爆破,即由相关的发音器 官做好这个发音的姿势,稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。
The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.
The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.

Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?
This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.
The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too.
We’re going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.
What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee?
It’s a very col(d) day, but it’s a goo(d) day.
You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.
I bought a chea(p) book, but it’s a goo(d) book.
(2)“爆破音摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音, 其后紧跟着某些摩擦音(如
f,s,W,T等),那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破,而后面那个 摩擦音
则要完全爆破。
Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell.
Goo(d) morning, dear.
Uncle Li’s fa(c)tory is qui(te) near to the cinema.
I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night.
-Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don’(t) know.
The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.
Goo(d) luck, Lin Tao
新课标对音标的学习更加重视,更加符合了语言学习的规律,也为学生以后的
学习奠定了基础