饱和是什么意思-转底炉
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时间状语从句的引导词
when, before,
after, as, while, tilluntil, since,
whenever
时间状语从句的用法
时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同,要注意
把握不同的时间状语从句的引导词所表示的不同时间关系,
以及它在具体句子中对应的对应时态、语态等
问题。
1. when、as、while引导的时间状语从句分析:
(1) w
hen引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”,
when既可以指时间段也可指时间点,从句中既可
用短暂性
动词又可用延续性动词,且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生
又可在主句的动作之前或之
后发生。
注意体会如下例句:
I’ll call you when I get
there.
我一到那里就给你打电话。
When the wind
blows, all the doors rattle.
只要风一吹,这门就吱嘎作响。
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When I came home my
wife was cooking dinner. 我回
家时,妻子在做晚饭。
如果wh
en引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相
同,而从句的谓语又是be动词时,那么从句中的主语和b
e
可以省略;当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语
相同时,往往还可以用“whe
n+分词”的形式替代该状语从
句。例如:
When (you are) in
trouble, ask her for help.
当你遭遇麻烦的时候去向她求助。
When I came into the room (=When coming into
the room), I found him lying there asleep.
当我进入房间的时候,我发现他躺在那儿睡着了。
(2) while引导时间状语从句时表
示“当……的时候”,
它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行,用于这一
用法时whi
le引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须
是延续性动词,或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行
过程
中,主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词,例如
Study while you
study; play while you play.
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该学习的时候就学习,该玩的时候就玩。
I met
her while I was at school.
当我在学校的时候我遇见了她。
(3) as引导时间状语从句时表示“当……时,一边……一
边……”,侧重表示两个动作同
时发生(包括一个主语同时进
行两个动作),或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。
例如
:
He jumps as he goes along. 他边走边跳。
I
slipped on the ice as I ran home.
我跑回家时在冰上滑了一跤。
As the wind rose the noise
increased.
刮风的时候噪声增大。
[考题1] I had just
steeped out of the bathroom
and was busy
drying myself with a towel ____ I heard
the
steps.
A. while B. when C. since D. after
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[考题2] He was about
halfway through his meal ____
a familiar voice
came to his ears.
A. why B. where C. when D.
while
[考题3] We were swimming in the lake ____
suddenly
the storm started.
A. when B.
while C. until D. before
[考题4] — I’m going to
the post office.
— ____ you’re there, can
you get me some
stamps?
A. As B. While
C. Because D. If
[考题5] I ____ along the
street looking for a place to
park when the
accident ____.
A. went; was occurring B.
went; occurred
C. was going; occurred D. was
going; had occurred
2. before和after
引导的时间状语从句分析:
before引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从
句动作之前,
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after引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句
动作之后。例如
See
me before you leave. 在你离开之前来见我。
Before they
drive any of the buses, they will have
to pass
a special test.
在驾驶公共汽车之前,他们必须通过专门测验。
I
saw them after I arrived.
在我抵达之后,我见到了他们。
I found his pen after he has left.
在他走后,我找到了他的笔。
[考题6] He was told that it
would be at least three
more months ____ he
could recover and return to work.
A. when B.
before C. since D. that
[考题7] It was some
time ____ we realized the truth.
A. when B.
until C. since D. before
3. till和 until
引导的时间状语从句分析:
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till和 un
til这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相
同,一般可以换用(放在句首时通常用until的形式
,till在口
语中更为常见)。例如:
Walk till you come to a
white house.
一直走到一座白房子为止。
We didn’t
discuss the problem until he came back.
我们一直等到他回来后才讨论问题。
[考题8] It is difficult
for us to learn a lesson in life
____ we’ve
actually had that lesson.
A. until B. after
C. since D. when
[考题9] A good storyteller
must be able to hold his
listeners’ curiosity
____ he reaches the end of the
story.
A.
when B. unless C. after D. until
[答案] D
[解析] 讲故事的人应该始终抓住听众的好奇心,本题应
选用表示“到……为止”(跟主句里肯定形式
的表延续性动作
的谓语动词连用)的until 表示这一时间关系。
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[考题10] I don’t really work
here; I ____ until the
new secretary arrives.
A. just help out B. have just helped out
C. am just helping out D. will just help out
[答案] C
[解析] “I don’t really work
here”表明说话人只是
临时前来帮忙,“until the new secretary ar
rives”表明说
话人,工作到新秘书就任为止,本题应选用表示“到……为
止”(跟主句里
肯定形式的表延续性动作的谓语动词连用)的
until表示这一时间关系。
4.
since引导的时间状语从句分析:
since引导的时间状语从句表示“自从……以来”,其用
法主要有两种:
(1)
现在完成时的主句+since引导的一般过去时态的
时间状语从句。例如:He hasn’t
been home since he
graduated. 他毕业后没回过家。 They
have been
friends ever since they were in
grade school. 他们从小
学起就一直是好朋友。 What have you
been doing
since I last saw you?
自我上次和你见面以后,你在做什么?
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(2) It be(主句中谓语用一般式和用完成式区别不大,后
者更具强调意味)+表示一段时间的
词汇+since引导的时间
状语从句。例如:It is two years since I
became a
postgraduate student. 我成为研究生已经有2年了。It
was three years since we had been there.
我们在那儿已
呆了三年。
注意:since做介词时也表示“自从……以来”,其具体
用法有两种情况:
(1)
since+表示过去某个时间点的词汇(如具体的年、
月、日期、钟点)。
例如:They have been friends since childhood.
他
们从幼时起一直是好朋友。She’s been skiing since
childhood. 她从幼时起就开始滑雪。I have been there
many times since the war. 自那次战争以来,我曾去该地
多次。
(2) since+表示一段时间的词汇+ago。
例如:I have
been here since five months ago. 五
个月以来我一直在这里。
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[考题11] They ____
friends since they met in
Shanghai.
A.
have made B. have become C. have been D.
have
turned
[答案] C
[解析] 题干中的since表示“自从……以来”
,主句中
的谓语动词应该表示从他们在上海相遇至今的持续性的动
作,因此下划线处应填入可以
表示持续性状态的have
been(其他选项中的made、become、turned所表示的
动
作都不能延续,意味着结果)。
[考题12] — What was the
party like?
— Wonderful. It’s been 2 years
____ I enjoyed
myself so much.
A. after
B. before C. when D. since
[答案] D
[解析]
since表示“自从……以来”。
①.when当......时候引导的时间状语从句,其动词既
可
以是延续性动作的动词,也可以是瞬间性动作的动词,如:
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_________ the students heard
the teacher's
footsteps, they all stopped
talking.
当学生们听到老师的脚步声时,他们都停止了讲话。(从
句动作发生在前)
② as当.
......时候或一边.......一边引导的时
间状语从句其动词的动作是延续性的,而且侧重表
示主句和
从句的动作并相发生:
We were having breakfast
__________ she was combing
her hair.
她梳头时我们在吃早饭。
③ while表示在某一段时间里或在……期间,其所
引导的
从句的动作是延续性的,并侧重表示和主句的动作同
时发生。如:
I can
learn ________ I work.
我可以边工作边学习。
用when, as, while填空:
________ you came in, I
was talking with a few boys.
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It started to rain
__________ we were playing
outdoors.
They talked _________ they walked down the river.
__________ it was raining, the students were
playing basketball.
Her brother watched
TV__________ he ate supper.
(4)
before引导的时间状语从句,指时间上的在……
之前
I'll be back
_____________.
你离开之前我就会回来。
(5) as soon
as表示一……就,做题要注意主将从现
As soon as we __________
(get) there, he
___________ (tell) us the
news.
我们一到那,他就会告诉我们那个消息。
(7)
since引导的时间状语从句,从句的谓语动词通常
为一般过去时,主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时
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We __________ never
__________ (meet) since we
___________
(graduate) from the college.
大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。
(8) tilluntil引导的时间状语从句 till和until同
义,作直到…
…时(为止)解,till多用于非正式文体,
until多用于句首;not …
until通常与after进行转换。
如:
I won't go with you
until(till) I finished my
homework.
=_________.
等我做完作业我才和你一起去。
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