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状语从句用法讲解和练习汇编

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2020-11-03 16:21
tags:地点状语从句

qty什么意思-国葬

2020年11月3日发(作者:仇高)



第章状语从句
学习指导
状语从句在句子中作状语,用来修饰主句 或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类

分别表示时间、 地点、
原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多
接词。现分别列举如下


但由于状语从句与汉
语结构和用法相 似

所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句 的常用连
状语从句分九类:
从句种类
1时间状语从句
2条件状语从句
3目的状语从句
4结果状语从句
5原因状语从句
6让步状语从句
7方式状语从句
8地点状语从句
9比较状语从句
主要从属连词
when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever
if, uni ess
in order that, so that
so …that, such …that, so that, so
because, as, since
although, though, eve n though(if), while
as if, as though
where, wherever
tha n, as
在这一章节的学习中,要求同学们掌握各类状语从句基本概念,并能够灵活应用
第一节时间状语从句
1. 时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有:
when(当 .. 的时候),while (当 .... 的时候),as(当 ... 的时候),once(—旦),
till( until)(一直到 .. ,直到 ..... 才),by the time(到 .. 时),as soon as (一 .... 就)
the moment( — .... 就).since(自从 ... ).before(在 ... 前).after(在 .. 后)
2. when, while, as均可表示 当 .... 的时候”
when强调 特定时间”表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生的,
或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前; while表示的时间是一段,而不是一点, as多用在口
语中,强调 同一时间”或一前一后”有时还有 随着”的含义。
I'll go on with the work when come back tomorrow .我明天回来后会继续做我的工作。
When spring came, he felt like a trip.春天来了,他想去旅游。
As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom . (as 有 随着”的含义)
as, when, while 都表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生,但三者也有区别。 as和when引
导的从句既可表示一点时间,也可表示一段时间,从句中的谓语动词既可以是持续性动词, 也可以为
短暂性动词,经常可以互换使用; while引导的从句通常表示一段时间,从句中宜
这三者可以通用(前面例句中 用持续性动词作谓语。 当从句中的谓语动词为持续性动词时,
已有体现),再如:
Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as when while father was away in
France. 妈妈担心,因为小艾丽思病了,特别是当父亲远在法国的时候。
as,可译为“一 如果从句和主句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时,则多用



边……,一边……”。例如:



He looked behind from to time as he went.
As time goe s on, it
暖了。
I thought of it just as you ope ned your mouth.
示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时,用
他一边走,一边不时地往后看。
随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越
' s getting warmer and warmer..
你一张嘴我就知道你要说什么。 (若表
when.)
不用 as 或 whee 如:
as的场合多于
while, 当主从句之间表示转折或对比关系时,多用
She thought I was talk ing about her daughter, while in fact, I was talk ing about
my daughter.她以为我在谈论她女儿,而事实上,我在谈论我的女儿。
如果表示从句的动作在主句的动作之前”或之后”发生时,多用 when (=after ),不
用as或 while。此外,when还含有at that moment ”的意思( =and then ),引起的句 子不能放在
句首,也不能用 as, while 来替换。例如:
他正要离开,忽然电话铃响了。
我们正在看电视,突然灯灭了。
他们刚至 U家,天就开始下雨了。
He was about to leave whe n the teleph one ran g.
We were watchi ng TV whe n sudde nly the lights wen t out.
They had just arrived home whe n it bega n to rain.
3. till until,表示一直到 ........ ”,主从句都用肯定式;表示 直到 ...... 才”,主句否定,从
句肯定。
He worked un til it was dark. 他一直工作到天黑。
He did not get up till his mother came in. 一直到母亲进来他才起床。
4. once 一旦”,by the time 至y?“… 时”。
Once you see her, you will find what I said is true.
by the time+现在时,主句用将来完成时。
By the time he arrives, we will already have left here. 等他到达时,我们将已离开这儿了。
by the time+ 一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。
By the time he arrived, we had already left here.他到达的时候我们早已离开这儿了。
5. as soon as, the moment表示从句动作一发生,主句动作随即发生,通常译为 一
就”。
As soon as I finish the work, I'll go to see you. 我一完成工作就会来看你。 She came to the sce ne
the mome nt she heard the n ews 她一听至叶肖息就来至 U现场。
6. since 自'从”, ............ before 在' ....... 前”,after 在… 后”,It was not long before
意为 不久”。
since引导从句用非延续性动词或 过去时间点或过去时间段+ago ”,主句用完成时态。
Since he graduated, he has worked in this city. 他毕业后一直在这个城市工作。
I have n't see n him since last year three years ago. 去年以来 3 年来,我没见过他。
选出最佳答案
1) _________ he was listening to the music, John fell asleep.


一旦你见到她就会发现我说的是对的。
A. After
A. whe n
3) He was riding to school
A while
A. because
B. Before
B. how
B. whe n
B. un til
C. While
C. why
C. as
__ her sister told her.
C. if
D. As soon as-
D. that
D. so
D. si nee
2) How did you try to get to school on time
____________ you missed the school bus.
he was hit by a car this morning.
4) Lucy knew nothing about it
5) The policeman asked the child

___ cross the street _____________ the traffic



lights tur ned gree n.
A. not; whe n
it.
A. whe n
A. The n
A. before
A. Un til last ni ght
C. Two days ago
A. since almost a year
C. after almost a year
A. as if
A. because
B. even though
B. since
B. after
B. After
B. after
C. un til
C. Though
C. since
D. before
D. While
D. un til
7) ____________ we had seen all the animals, we went home.
8) She has made many friend ______________ she came to our school.
9) — How long has the weather been like this?
B. Ever since last ni ght
D. Two days later
.
B. from almost a year on
D. since almost a year ago
C. ever since
C. un til
D. as soon as
D. after
B. don't; before C. not to; un til D. not to; since
he realized 6) The book was so in teresti ng that he had read it for three hours
10) My uncle went to Australia last year. We have n't see n him
11) He was so tired that he fell asleep _____________ he went to bed.
12) I knew nothing about the accident ____________ my friend told me yesterday.
13) I did n't man age to do it _____________ you had expla ined how.
A. un til B. since
[Keys 】1) C 2) A 3) B 4) B 5) A 6) D 7)B
C. while D. after
8) C 9) B 10) D 11) D 12) C 13) A
第二节条件状语从句
1. 条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。引导条件状语从句的连词有:
if 女口果;uni ess除非,如果不; on con diti on that 条件是; as long as只要
2. 表示正面的条件用if “果”
If you don't look after young trees, they will die very quickly.
If the museum charges for en try, a lot of people won't be able to visit it.
3. 表示否定的条件用 unless( =if. .. not) “非,如果不 ”
I shall not go to the cin ema unl ess I finish my homework before eight. 说明:if…not常可以用
unless替代。
If you don t study hard, you will fail in the exam.
You will fail in the exam unl ess you study hard.
4. 表示使某事成为现实必要的条件用 on condition that条件
是” as long as只要
You may go swimming on condition that you don't swim too far away from the river bank. As long
as you don't study hard, you will fail in the exam.



5 ?祈使结构表条件。
前半部分的祈使结构相当于 if条件句,可用动词或名词开头;后半部分的简单句常用一
般将来时,有时也用一般现在时。此句型与条件状语从句形成同义结构。
1) 祈使句
(,)
+andthen+简单句 => if 从句

否定式

+主句
Give me somewhere to sta nd, and I will move the earth. (如果)给我一个支点,我便能掀动
地球。
=If you give me somewhere to sta nd, I will move the earth.
One more word, and I'll turn you out. 你再多说一句,我就把你赶出去。
=If you speak one more word, I will tur n you out.
Use your head, then you'll find a way.动动脑子你就能找到办法。
=If you use your head, you'll find a way.
2) 祈使句(

)+or+简单句 => if 从句(否定式

+主语
Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam. 如果不加倍努力,你就永远无法通过考 试。
=If you don't work harder, you will n ever pass the exam.
Stop telli ng lies, or you will be puni shed. 如果你继续说谎,就会受到惩罚。
=If you don't stop telli ng lies, you will be puni shed.
选择最佳答案填空
1) — Would you like to go to the park with me, Susa n?

—I'd like to,


you don't want to go



alone.

A. un til B. before
2) Tomorrow we'll go to the city park
A. as soon as B. whe n


C. if
it is sunny.
C. if
you can come with us.

D. after

D. as

3) All of us will be happy

4)
A. if
5)
A. while B. if C. but
Nobody can learn English well ______________ you work hard on it.
B. unl ess C. whe n
C. as soon as
The sports meet will con ti nue ___________ it rains this after noon.
D. or
D. but
D. unl ess A. if B. since
[Keys 】1) C 2) C 3) B 4) B 5) D

第三节原因状语从句和地点状语从句
1. 原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有:
because, for, since, as, now that
1)
为”表示直接的原因或理由,着重点在从句,用于回答
He is absent today because he is ill.他今天缺席,因为他病了。
有时,可用because of后接名词或代词表示原因,此时
because意为因
why,语气最强。
I did n't go out because I was busy with homework. 我没有出去,因为我忙于家庭作业。
because of=for(介词)


We won't be able to come because of the weather. 由于天气的原因,我们来不了。 She was looki
ng all the better for her stay in hospital. 她因为待在医院,显得好多了。
2) for意为 因为”引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,只提供补充说明,且不 可位于



主句前。for前往往用逗号或分号与主句分开,引起的从句对主句加以解释。
I did n't go to see him, for a heavy snow was falli ng. 我没有去看他,因为在下大雪。
The days were short, for it was now December. 白天短了,因为现在已经是十二月了。
We must begi n pla nning now, for the future may bring un expected cha nges.
我们必须现在就开始筹划,因为将来可能会发生意想不到的变化。
有时,for引起的从句并不表示原因,而是表示一种推断或解释,而 because则不能。
Some one in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out.房子里一定有人病了, 因为有
个医生刚刚出来。
3) since意为 既然” 由于” 一般表示对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由

从句表示的原因不是确定的事实,就不能用 since,通常用because)。
Si nee you are goi ng, I will go too. 既然你要走,我也走了。
Si nee you are ill, I'll go alo ne. 由于你病了,我就一个人走了。
4) as意为 由于”表示十分明显的原因,一般说明因果关系,着重点在主句,语气较弱。
As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 由于正在下雪,我们就不去公园了。
He had to apologize, as he knew he had made a mistake.他必须道歉,因为他知道他错了。 由as
表示的原因语势最弱,常用于口语。
5) now that意为 既然”有时可将that省去,含义与since接近。区别在于:since表示原先 已存在
的情况,而 now that表示现在才发生的情况。
Now that it has stopped rainin g, let's start at o nee.既然现在雨停了,咱们马上开始吧!
Now that you have come, you may as well stay. 既然来了,你最好还是待在这儿。
2 ?地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有: where, wherever, any where, everywhere
Put it where you can see it.把它放在你看得见的地方。
I'll find him, wherever he is. 不管他在哪里我都要找到他。
You should put the book where it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。
Wherever you go, you should do your work well.
选择最佳答案
1) I hope to go to France some day _____________ there are many famous museums there.
A. though
where
2) — Would you like to go to the con cert with me?
— rd love to, ___________ I can't. ____________ I have a lot of homework to do.
A. and; Because
and;so
3) Jim has been in the factory for two years __________ he left school.
A. whe n
whether
4) Jack was very tired ____________ he played tennis all after noon.
A. if
before
5) You'd better come back earlier ______________ it is getting colder.
B. as soon as C. because D.
B. since C. as soon as D.
B. but; Because C. so; And D.
B. uni ess C. because D.
不论你到哪里都要把工作做好。
(



A. as
or
B. and C. but D.
6) Jane wore a rain coat ____________ it was raining.
A. so
because
7) The Italian boy was regarded as a hero ___________ he gave his life for his country.
A. accord ing to
because
B. because of C. on acco unt of D.
B. but C. however D.
【Keys】
1) C 2) B 3) B 4) C 5) A 6) D 7) D
第四节让步状语从句
1. 引导让步状语从句的连词有:
although, while, even though, even if, whether... (or not), 用 no matter 十 wh-how 弓丨导
2. althoughthough 虽然”
Although I didn 'know anybody at the party, I had a very good time.
个也不认识,但我玩得很愉快。
虽然晚会上的客人我一
[注意]“ although…是个典型的错误,因为 but是并列连词,不能与从属连词 although
连用。但是,although可与yet, still连用,因为yet, still是副词,它可使前后关系更明确。
3. while意为然而”
1)
而,但是”
while用于对照,说明两种情况相反,意为 然
Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.汤姆性格外向,而简却腼腆安静。
While I was readi ng, he was play ing. 我在读书,而他在玩。
2) while意为虽然,尽管”同although,此时从句和主句的主语往往为同一人或物。
While she liked cats

she never let them come into her room .虽然她喜欢猫,但她从不让猫 进
她的房间。
4. even if即使(if后陈述的是假设);even though尽管(though后陈述的是事实)


rm goi ng to apply for the job, eve n if it pays very little. 即使报酬不高, 我也要去申请那份工
作。
He is an honest man, I say, even though I have opposed him. 我说他是个诚实的人, 尽管我反
对过他。
5. whether …(or not)无论是 .... 或是 .... ”
Whether it rains or n ot, I shall go out for an outi ng. 无论是否下雨,我都要外出游玩。
Whether we win or lose, we are going to do our best. 无论胜败,我们都会尽最大努力。 [注意]
whether作 无论解,用现在时表将来; whether作 是否解时则不能。
They'll go out whether it rains or not tomorrow. 无论明天是否下雨,他们都要出去。
你能告诉我明天是否下雨吗? Can you tell me whether it will rain or n ot tomorrow?
6. 用no matter+ wh- how的词引导,意为 无论”



no matter who 无论谁, no matter which 无论哪一, no matter what 无论什么, no matter when 无
论何时, no matter where 无论哪里, no matter how 无论怎样
No matter who you are, you must obey the law. 无论你是谁,你都应当遵纪守法。 It has the same
result no matter which way you do it. 无论用什么方法来做,结果都一样。 No matter how cold it is,
she often goes swimming. 无论有多冷,她总是常去游泳。



选择最佳答案填空

1) ____________ he's old, he can still carry this heavy bag.
A. Though B. Since C. For
D. So
2) — How do you like the concert give n by the
— Excit ing, _______________ one piece of the music was n't played quite
well.
A. so B. though C. because D. and


3)
—Shall we go on work ing?
I prefer to have a rest.
—Yes,



A. whe n B. if C. because D. though

4) Doctor Li went to see the patie nt
A. because B. and


it was raining heavily.
C. si nee D. though

5)
—This dress was last year's style.
— I think it still looks perfect


it has gone out this year.
C. as if

A. so that B. even though D. ever since

6) No matter
A. where

busy he is, he won't give up his hobby.
B. how C. what
hard I try.
C. as if
D. who

7) I n ever seem to lose any weight,
A. even though B. no matter how
8) No matter
A. how


D. ever since

you come, you are welcome.
B. where C. whe n
are still working in the fields.
B. but they

D. what

9) Though it's raining,

A. they
0)
Nobody believed him

C. and they
what he said.

D. so they
D. con trary
to
D. No matter
A. even though B. i n spite C. no matter
11) ____________ what may happe n, I won't cha nge my mind.
A. Eve n if
【Keys】
B. Although C. Perhaps
8) C 9) A 10) C 11) D 2. 1) A 2) B 3) D 4) D 5) B 6) B 7)B
第五节目的状语从句结果状语从句和比较状语从句
【经典剖析】
1.
引导目的状语从句的连词有: in order that目的是为了, so
may, might加动词构成,也可用
that,以便
以in order that, so that引导的目的状语从句谓语通常用
can could 或 will would 加动词构成。
He works hard in order that he can serve his cou ntry well. 他努力工作,目的是为了能更好地 为国
家服务。
They started early so that they might arrive in time. 他们很早出发,以便按时到达。
[注意]“for动名词不用于表目的,但 “for名词可用于表目的。
Write it in simple English to make( 不能用 for making) everybody understand. 为了能让每个
人都理解,请用简单的英语写。
Better get up early for the early trai n. 为了能赶上早班火车,请早一点起床。
2?弓I导结果状语从句的词:
so that以致,so…that如此 .... 以致,such…tha如此 以



He made a wrong decision, so that half of his property was lost.
他做了个错误的决定,以至于



他丢失了一半的财产。
The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.这个箱子是如此重,(以至于)无人能移动它。
It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. 这个箱子如此重,(以至于)无人能移动它。
[注意]so that既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句,其区别在于:弓I导结果状 语从
句时通常用逗号同主句分开。
3. 引导比较状语从句的词有:
than 比,as…as 像 .... ——样 ”,not so…as不像 . ——样”,the more…themore 越 .. 越”
I know you better than he does.我比他更了解你。
We walked as fast as we could.我们尽可能地快步行走。
The work is not so easy as you thought.这工作没有你想的那么简单。
Nothing is so precious as health没有什么能像健康一样珍贵。
The harder you study, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力学习,进步就越大。
针对性练习
1.选择最佳答案填空:
1) rII leave him a note ____________ he'll know where we are.
A. so that
for
2) The questi on was _____________ difficult that no body could an swer ____________ .
A. very; them
it
3) Mike is _____________ boy that we all like him.
A. a good so
such good a
4) They were ____________ busy studying _____________ they could n't go to the
restaura nt with us.
A. so; that
enough;as
5) It was ______________ that he had to ask for help.
A. so difficult work
C. such a difficult work
A. in order that
order to
7) Robert is good at Ianguages, ________________ we all know.
A. because
si nee
8) It looks _______________ it's going to rain.
A. that
that
【Keys】
1. 1) in order that 2) so that
2. 1)A 2) D 3) B 4) A
3) so... that 4) so... that 5)
5) D 6) A 7) C 8) C
such... that

B. as C. as if D.
B. for C. as D.
B. because
B. so difficult a work
D. such a difficult job
C. so as to D. in
B. such; as C. very; that D.
B. so good a C. a such good D.
B. very; it C. so; them D. so;
B. so as C. in order D.
6) He started early _______________ he could get there before nine.



状语从句专练
I.
选择填空:
1. The man can ' t get on the bus because there _______ no room on it.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
2. I was listening to the music _______ there was a knock at the door.
A. while B. when D. until
C. because
3. You may leave the classroom when you _______ writing.
A. will finish B. are finishing C. have finished
4. I don ' t know if he ________ tomorrifohwe, ______ ,I
A. will come, comes B. comes, comes
C. will come, will come D. come, will come
5. ______ I read, the more I understand.
A. The more B. So much C. How much
D. For all
6. Would you give Johnny this letter if you _______ to see
him this week.
A. will happen B. happen C. are happened D. happened
7. She was busy, ______ she couldn ' t go to your birthday party last night.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
8. English is _______ a useful language ________ it is spoken in many countries of
the world.
A. so …that B. such …that C. so …because D. such …because
D. don 't work
9. You will not succeeded if you _______ harder.
A. will work B. won 't work C. work
D. had finished
' ll meet him.
10. Write clearly _______ your teacher can understand you correctly.
A. since B. for C. because D. so that
11. _______ he failed , he went on doing the experiment.
A. Even B. Yet C. Although D. in spite of
12. The light went out while we ______ supper.
A. had B. had had C. were having D. would have
13. His brother has worked there ______ he left school.
A. when B. after C. since D. until
14. The boy didn'tstop talking _______ the second bell rang.
A. when B. until C. after D. because
15. _______ I came into the office, the teacher were having a meeting.
A. While B. When C. Once D. Since
16. I was about to leave my house ______ the telephone rang.
A. while B. as C. when D. since
17. It is at least ten years ________ these trees were planted.
A. when B. before C. since D. as soon as
18. He will come to call on you the moment he _______ his painting.
A. finished B. will finished C. has finished D. had finished



19. The teacher understands that _______ Maths had always been easy for him, it is
not easy for the students.
A.
B. since B. unless C. although D. when
20. He ran as fast as possible _______ he could reach school on time.
A. in order to B. so as to C. when D. so that
n
.把下列句子改成带有状语从句的复合句:
1. He didn ' t come. He was ill. (because)
2. He is too young to join the army. (so .....that)
3.
3. He studies English hard. He is over seventy. (though)
5.
4. We will stay at home. It rains. (if)
7.
5. He was doing his homework. Someone knocked at the door. (when)
9.
6. I waited. He came back. (not .... until)
7. He is tall. I am tall. (as ..... as)
8. My mother was cooking. I was listening to the news. (while)
9. It was a hot day. We coudn' t sleep well. (such…that)
10. He came into the warm room. He took off his cap and sat down. (as soon as)
参考答案 状语从句专练
I、
1.B
11.C
II、
2.B
12.C
3.C
13.C
4.A
14.B
5.A
15.B
6.B
16.C
7.B
17.C
8.B
18.C
9.C
19.C
10.D
20.D
1. He didn ' t come because he was ill.



2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
He is so young that he can ' t join the army.
Though he is over seventy, he studies English hard.
We will stay at home if it rains.
He was doing his homework when someone knocked at the door.
I didn ' t leave until he came back.
He is as tall as I (am)
My mother was cooking while I was listening to the news.
It was such a hot day that we couldn ' t sleep well.
10. He took off his cap and sat down as soon as he came into the warm room.

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